DE102006044264A1 - Starter with constant engagement - Google Patents

Abstract

One Starter (1) is disclosed, comprising a motor (2) with an armature (11) has, an electromagnetic switch (3), effective for opening and closing a Main contact (MC) of a starter circuit (EC), and an electromagnetic Clutch (7), suitable for connection or disconnection of a torque transmission path of the starter (1). The starter (1) comprises delay means (8, 7) suitable are to allow the clutch disc (37) in a clutch state for establishing the torque transmission path between the starter motor (2) and a ring gear (30) of an internal combustion engine to be offset before the armature (11) begins to rotate.

Description

BACKGROUND THE INVENTION

technical Field of the invention

The The present invention relates to starters for internal combustion engines, and more particularly a constant engagement type starter, which is a pinion in constant mesh with a ring gear of the engine.

In In recent years, there is an increasing trend towards a vehicle appeared in the application of a motor control system (also as idling stop system, economical operating system, etc.), to automatically stop or restart an internal combustion engine to control. The engine control system is configured such that it Engine automatically stops when the vehicle is at a road intersection or due to the traffic situation, and the engine stops automatically starts again. this makes possible beneficial effects on the vehicle with improved fuel economy and improved exhaust emission or the like.

Under the starters used in such an engine control system be so far, is a starter device of a design with belt drive become known for starting the engine. The starter device comprises a starter pulley, which is continuously connected via a belt with a Crankshaft pulley of the engine is connected. The starter pulley allows the starter system with belt drive the output torque of a To transfer starter motor to its start on an internal combustion engine. With regard to the protection of the starter motor from overspeeding (due to the output of the internal combustion engine) when starting of the internal combustion engine, closes the starter device is generally a one-way clutch of the mechanical type one.

however becomes in the one-way clutch containing starter device under certain circumstances, in those of the internal combustion engine during a phase, such as the stalling of the internal combustion engine on a slope, turning in the opposite direction, the clutch is actuated and engaged. this leads to to that the Output power of the internal combustion engine via the engaged Coupling is transmitted to the starter motor. When this occurs, a rotation shaft of the starter motor is caused due to a reducer (Planetenradreduziergetriebe) with double Rotate speed, and therefore suffers the starter motor to extreme increased load.

Around to cope with such a phenomenon were So far, attempts have been made to provide an electromagnetic clutch inclusive Provide starter to the engine completely from to separate a starter motor, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-342935.

however rises in the proposed by the above-mentioned prior art Starter the need for the use of a costly controller that uses a microcomputer for Control of the sequence of activations of the electromagnetic Clutch and the starter motor, which adds to the cost Episode has.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE INVENTION

The The present invention has been completed in consideration of the above problems and has for its object to provide a starter with constant engagement; The simple means with low cost applies to a clutch disc to create, which acts in the coupling state such that it transmits torque executing, before an armature of the starter motor starts to turn.

In order to accomplish the above object, one aspect of the invention provides a constant mesh starter for starting an internal combustion engine with a ring gear. The constant-engagement starter includes a starter circuit having a main contact, an electromagnetic switch for opening and closing the main contact, a starter motor having an armature for generating a driving torque when the electromagnetic switch closes the main contact, an output shaft responsive to a torque transmission path transmitted drive torque is set in rotation and on the output shaft for common rotation with this mounted pinion for constant engagement with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. The electromagnetic clutch is disposed in the torque transmission path and includes a solenoid for forming an electromagnet and a clutch plate that is movable with respect to the solenoid to control a clutch state and a decoupled state for connection or disconnection of the torque transmission path. A delay circuit is arranged in the starter circuit for energizing the electromagnetic switch at a time with a predetermined time delay from the time when the electromagnetic clutch he is energized, such that the clutch disc is attracted by the electromagnet to be transferred to the clutch state before the armature begins to rotate.

By the above-described construction becomes the clutch disc in the clutch state offset to the torque transmission path set up before the armature starts to rotate because of the delay circuit the electromagnetic switch at a time with a given delay across from can excite the time at which the electromagnetic clutch actuated becomes. As a result, the drive torque of the starter motor can reliably transmit the output shaft in order to set the pinion in rotation and thereby the in constant engagement enabled with the pinion gear ring, driven for starting the engine to become.

at such an embodiment creates the bare one Insert the low-cost structurally simplified delay circuit in the starter circuit the ability to energize the electromagnetic switch at a time that across from Delayed at the time is, to which the electromagnetic clutch is energized, whereby an increase in costs compared to the construction described above can be suppressed according to the prior art.

At the Constant engagement starter can be the electromagnetic switch include an exciter coil and the delay circuit a CR element (capacitor-resistor series connection) consisting from a resistor and connected in series with the resistor Capacitor connected in parallel to the exciter coil.

at Such a construction, the delay circuit, a well-known Use CR member, resulting in the addition of the CR member resulting cost increase is minimized. There is also no need the delay circuit separately outside the starter, rather, it can be in the electromagnetic Switch, connected in parallel to the electromagnetic Switch arranged electromagnetic coil can be included.

At the Constant engagement starter allows the delay circuit to time delay, too the electromagnetic switch is energized against the Time at which the electromagnetic clutch is energized, with a given time delay, whose value is equal to or less than 500 msec.

If the time delay is set so that she falls within the range of a value equal to or less than 500 msec the starting process is not adversely affected and the internal combustion engine can thus be started without causing the driver an uneasy, unpleasant or strange feeling occurs.

To Another aspect of the present invention is a starter provided with a constant mesh with a ring gear, the one Starter circuit comprising a main contact, an electromagnetic Switch to open and closing of the main contact, a starter motor with an anchor for generating a drive torque when the electromagnetic switch the main contact closes an output shaft that is responsive to a transmitted via a torque transmission path Drive torque is set in rotation, and one on the output shaft to common rotation with this attached pinion for constant Intervention in the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. An electromagnetic clutch is in the torque transmission path arranged and has a solenoid for forming an electromagnet and a clutch disc, which is movable relative to the electromagnet is to a clutch state and a decoupled state to Control connection or disconnection of the torque transmission path. A delay mechanism is associated with the electromagnetic clutch and the clutch disc, to cause the electromagnetic clutch, the clutch disc to pull into its coupling state before the anchor to rotate starts.

With the structure described above, the clutch disc for Establishment of the torque transmission path be brought into the coupling state before the anchor to rotate starts. Thus, the drive torque of the starter motor can reliably transmit the output shaft be used to set the pinion in rotation, which in turn with constant engagement drives the ring gear, thereby the internal combustion engine reliable to start.

Further, the deceleration mechanism with the electromagnetic clutch and the clutch disc enables the electromagnetic clutch to be operated within the shortest time period after the energization of the electromagnetic coil, thereby pulling the clutch disc into the clutch state. As a result, the clutch disc may be made operative to enter the clutch state before the armature begins to rotate. In such a case, there is no need to apply a costly control device for performing an electronic control and, moreover, there is no need to re-add the starter circuit with additional to provide expensive circuit components.

At the Constant engagement starter, the deceleration mechanism may include a clutch housing that an end surface which is in a position that it is the clutch disc allowed to move with a given axial stroke when it is attracted by the electromagnet.

at Such a construction does not create a need for the application additional components to the solution the object of the present invention, because of the delay mechanism is formed in a construction only by using the clutch housing is the movement of the clutch disc in the given axial Allow stroke range when attracted by the electromagnet. Thus, the Starter made with a compact structure at low cost become.

At the With constant engagement starter, the deceleration mechanism can be the solenoid lock in, that is set so that it a given attraction for tightening the clutch disc in the coupling state with high tightening speed, before the armature starts to rotate when the solenoid is energized.

at a construction of the type described above is not necessary for the Application of additional Components, to the object underlying the present invention to solve, because of the delay mechanism can be implemented in the solenoid with the given tightening force, to move the clutch disc at high speed when it is attracted to the electromagnet. Thus, the starter be manufactured in a compact design at low cost.

One Another aspect of the present invention provides a system for automatic starting and restarting of an internal combustion engine for automatically controlling a stop and restart of the internal combustion engine before, which contains the starter with constant engagement.

By Such a construction according to the present Invention are supported by the output shaft pinion and a sprocket of the internal combustion engine in constant mesh with each other, without after starting the internal combustion engine, a release of the engagement of these components appears in appearance. Therefore occurs in the application in the above Automatic startup and restart system no need to move the pinion to it during the restart of the To bring the internal combustion engine into engagement with the sprocket, such as this with the ordinary used starters with engageable Pinion is required, which makes it possible to restart the Internal combustion engine in the shortest possible time Time in the highest reliable Way to lead.

One Another aspect of the present invention provides a starter for Starting an internal combustion engine with constant mesh with a ring gear in front. The constant-speed starter comprises a starter circuit with a main contact; an electromagnetic switch for opening and Shut down the main contact; a starter motor with an armature for generating a drive torque when the electromagnetic switch the Main contact closes; an output shaft that is responsive to a transmitted via a torque transmission path Drive torque is set in rotation and one on the output shaft to common rotation with this attached pinion for constant Intervention in the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. An electromagnetic Clutch is in the torque transmission path arranged with a solenoid to form an electromagnet and with a clutch disc which is movable with respect to the electromagnet, a coupling state and a disconnected state for connection and separation of the torque transmission path to control. A delaying agent is effective whose action allows the clutch disc bring into their coupling state before the anchor to rotate starts.

Because in such, explained above Construction the delay means is effective to the clutch disc for producing the torque transmission path bring into the coupling state before the anchor to rotate starts, that leads to the conclusion that the Torque of the starter motor reliable for rotation of the pinion transferred to the output shaft is, whereby the constant engagement of the ring gear with the pinion for Drive for the starting of the internal combustion engine is made possible.

at such an embodiment is by the mere Add the structurally simplified delay means with low Cost the ability created the electromagnetic switch at a time to excite the opposite Delayed at the time is, to which the electromagnetic clutch is energized, whereby it possible is to suppress an increase in costs compared to that those at the above mentioned Construction according to the prior art occurs.

In the above-described embodiment, the starter with a constant engagement further one Shock absorbing device, which is arranged in the torque transmission path between the output shaft and the electromagnetic clutch to absorb the originating from the internal combustion engine, transmitted in the direction of the electromagnetic clutch impact torque.

at Such a construction becomes because of the torque transmission path between the output shaft and the electromagnetic clutch arranged shock absorbing device in Starting the internal combustion engine no impact torque on the electromagnetic Transfer coupling, what makes it possible to form the small size electro-magnetic coupling. That gives a Design of starter with small size and low cost.

At the The constant-load starter described above can be the shock absorbing device a first, the clutch disc associated rotatable element, a second, the pinion associated rotatable element and at least a shock absorbing member interposed between the first and second rotatable members Include element to the shock absorbed by the internal combustion engine in the direction of the electromagnetic Transfer coupling becomes.

at such a construction allows it containing the use of at least one shock absorbing element Stoßabsorbierungsvorrichtung, that while the starting of the internal combustion engine acting on the starter shock torque effectively absorb, thereby protecting the starter from damage.

At the Constant engagement starters can be the first and second rotatable element and the shock absorbing Element radially inward be arranged by the electromagnetic clutch.

The Arrangement of the components of the shock absorbing device radially inwards from the electromagnetic clutch allows a reduction of Size of the starter in the range of the diameter, so that the starter with small size and low Weight can be designed.

at the embodiment described above For example, the constant-engagement starter may further use one of the shock absorbing devices associated torque limiter, which is suitable, a remaining, from the shock absorbing device transmitted shock too eliminate.

The the shock absorbing device to provide associated torque limiter protects a included in the torque transmission path Planetary gear set before the action of excessive torque. That allows that Starter a long life with a highly reliable function while a longer one Period of time.

At the Constant engagement starter, the delay means may comprise a delay circuit, which is arranged in the starter circuit and is suitable for the electromagnetic Switch at a time with a predetermined time delay over the Time to excite, when the electromagnetic clutch is energized.

Because the delay circuit the electromagnetic switch at a time with a given Time Delay across from excited at the time of excitation of the electromagnetic clutch, becomes in the construction set out above, the clutch disc in the clutch state offset to the torque transmission path set up before the anchor begins to rotate. This leads to, that this Drive torque of the starter motor reliably transmitted to the output shaft is to turn the pinion, causing the in constant mesh with the pinion gear ring is enabled to start the Internal combustion engine to be driven. The mere addition of the with low cost constructively simplified delay circuit to the starter circuit also offers the ability to use the electromagnetic To excite switch at a time opposite to the Time of excitation of the electromagnetic clutch is delayed, whereby an increase in cost compared to those of the construction mentioned above can be suppressed according to the prior art.

At the Constant engagement starter closes the electromagnetic switch an excitation coil and the delay circuit can take over a CR element, that of a resistor and a resistor connected in series Capacitor is connected and parallel to the exciter coil.

By This construction can be the delay circuit a known CR circuit absorb, resulting in the addition of the CR circuit Cost increase is minimized. Moreover, it requires the delay circuit not separately outside of the starter and it can be used in electromagnetic Switches are included, parallel to the inside of the electromagnetic Switch arranged electromagnetic coil.

In the constant-engagement starter, the delay circuit can counteract the timing at which the electromagnetic switch is energized above the time at which the electromagnetic clutch is energized, with a given time delay, the value of which is equal to or less than 500 msec.

If the time delay is set so that she has a value equal to or less than 500 msec, becomes the start feeling not relevant deteriorates and therefore the engine can be started be uncomfortable or uncomfortable with the driver strange feeling cause.

At the With constant engagement starter, the decelerator can be one of the electromagnetic Clutch and the clutch disc associated deceleration mechanism suitable to cause the electromagnetic clutch, to pull the clutch disc into the clutching state before the anchor begins to rotate.

With the delaying agent, assigned to the electromagnetic clutch and the clutch disc is, no extra Component for actuation the clutch disc is needed before the anchor begins to turn. That suppresses Increase in the starter in size and cost.

At the Constant engagement starter, the deceleration mechanism may include a clutch housing that an end surface which is in a position that it is the clutch disc allowed to move with a given axial stroke when it is attracted by the electromagnet.

Because the delay mechanism formed in a construction by the mere use of the clutch housing is to allow the clutch disc, with the given axial stroke to move when tightened by the electromagnet is, exists for this design no need to include additional components, to achieve the object of the present invention. Thus, the starter be manufactured as a compact construction at low cost.

At the With constant engagement starter, the deceleration mechanism can be the solenoid lock in, that is set so that it a given attraction for tightening the clutch disc in the coupling state with high tightening speed, before the armature starts to rotate when the solenoid is energized.

at Such a construction as described above includes the deceleration mechanism the solenoid which is set to provide a given tightening force through which the clutch disc at high speed is moved when it is attracted by the electromagnet. Consequently there is no need for the use additional Building components to an intended function of the solenoid too to reach. The starter can so in a compact design with low cost.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE DRAWINGS

In the attached Drawings is:

1 a longitudinal section through a constant-engagement starter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 a circuit diagram of a field circuit for use in the in 1 shown starters;

3A a longitudinal section through an electric magnetic switch for use in the starter 1 ;

3B an end view of the electric magnetic switch seen in 3A in the axial direction of a contact cap;

4 a longitudinal section of the electric magnetic switch according to the line 4S-4S in 3B and

5 a cross section through the electric magnetic switch according to the line 5S-5S in 3B ,

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

It Now, various embodiments according to the present invention will be described below Invention described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is designed so that it does not on such embodiments limited is and the technical concept of the present invention in combination with other known technologies or with another technology accomplished which has equivalent functions to these known technologies.

First Embodiment

With reference to the 1 and 2 is a starter according to the invention 1 shown. The ignition 1 consists of a motor 2 for generating the output torque, one in an excitation circuit EC (also referred to as starter circuit) of the motor 2 arranged electromagnetic switch 3 to close or open the (later described) main contact MC. one with the engine 2 coupled reducer 4 to reduce its speed, an output shaft 5 on which the torque of the engine 2 via the reduction gear 4 is transmitted, one on the output shaft 5 for common rotation with this fixed pinion 6 , an electromagnetic clutch 7 , which is capable of torque transmission between the engine 2 and the output shaft 5 set up or interrupt, and a delay circuit 8th (please refer 2 ), which is seconded in the exciter circuit EC, to the electromagnetic switch 3 at a time having a predetermined time delay from a time when the electromagnetic clutch is energized. The ignition 1 is added to an automatic system for stopping and restarting an internal combustion engine (also referred to as idle stop system) to automatically stop the internal combustion engine when a vehicle comes to a stop at an intersection or due to a traffic jam or the like, while at startup of the vehicle Internal combustion engine is started automatically.

The starter motor 2 is a DC motor, which is a cylindrical yoke 9 by which a magnetic circuit is provided, and a plurality of fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 9 connected permanent magnets 10 to form a field for the magnetic flux, one rotatable in a region within the inner peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnets 10 rotatably supported anchor 11 , and a plurality of carbon brushes 12 for the supply of the anchor 11 with electrical power from a battery B (see 2 ). As an alternative, the permanent magnets 10 also be replaced by a field coil.

As in 3A shown, there is the electrical switch 3 from an electromagnetic coil 13 coming from a coil housing 13A is surrounded and acts as an electromagnet when excited, stationary cores 14 , which are magnetized by the electromagnet, a piston 15 axially in a region within an inner circumferential surface of the electromagnetic coil 13 is movable, and a contact cap 16 firmly attached to a rear end of the bobbin case 13A is connected to receive the main contact MC or the like. When the electromagnetic coil 13 is excited and the stationary cores 14 be magnetized, pull the stationary cores 14 the piston 15 against the force of one between the stationary cores 14 and the piston 15 arranged return spring 17 to close the main contact MC. Furthermore, the piston 15 due to the reaction force of the return spring 17 returned to its original position and thereby opens the main contact MC when the electromagnetic coil 13 is switched off.

The main contact MC consists of a set of stationary contacts 20 . 20 connected to the starter circuit EC via two terminal screws 18 . 19 connected, and a moving contact 21 that with the stationary contacts 20 . 20 connected and disconnected.

The two terminal screws 18 . 19 include a B-terminal screw connected to a positive electrode terminal of the battery B via a battery cable BC 18 , and one with one from the starter motor 2 led out lead 22 connected M-terminal screw. How best in 3A shown are these two terminal screws 18 . 19 firmly in the contact cap 16 formed. In addition, the connection line 22 electrically with a (not shown) pigtail of a positive electrode brush 12 connected to a high potential side (a non-ground side) of the armature 11 is attached.

As in 3A shown has the piston 15 an end to a head 23a one with the piston 15 connected rod 23 connected is. The moving contact 21 is done by means of one on the pole 23 inside a cavity 16a the contact cap 16 sliding insulating element 24 from the rear end of the piston 15 connected rod 23 carried. A contact pressure spring 25 is between the head 23a the pole 23 and the insulating element 24 of the moving contact 21 inserted to the pole 23 towards the stationary contacts 20 . 20 (ie in 3A to the right) until the isolation element 24 in a contact system at one at the free end of the rod 23 attached disc 26 passes to the falling of the moving contact 21 to prevent.

The reducer unit 4 comprises a tarpaulin gear reduction unit consisting of a front end of an armature shaft 11a attached sun gear 4a , one concentric with sun gear 4a arranged, internally toothed ring gear 4b and a plurality of in the sun gear 4a and the sprocket 4b engaging planet wheels 4c , wherein orbital movements of the planet gears 4c on the output shaft 5 be transmitted.

The coaxial with the armature shaft 11a held output shaft 5 has a front end 5a that by means of a warehouse 27 rotatable from a front housing 29 is worn, an intermediate section 5b that is at the front end 5a connects, and one with the reducer unit 4 connected rear end 5c ,

The intermediate section 5b the original world le 5 has an outer circumference by means of a bearing 29 a pinion 6 wears that with a sprocket 30 the internal combustion engine is in constant engagement with relative rotational capabilities, and by means of a later-described shock absorbing device SA with the output shaft 5 is coupled.

The shock absorbing device SA is composed of a plurality of stages (having a three-stage construction at the first, in 1 shown embodiment), from the outer periphery of the output shaft 5 is carried in toothed engagement for a common rotation with it, a second rotary element 32 that for common rotation with the pinion 6 connected, and intermediate elements 34 between the rotating elements 31 . 32 are inserted and shock absorbing elements 33 each made of rubber or the like.

The shock absorbing device SA functions such that, when the engine starts to rotate with high inertia energy, the shock absorbing members 33 compress or deform and thereby one in the starter 1 absorb occurring impact torque.

The electromagnetic clutch comprises a clutch coil forming the electromagnet 35 , a clutch housing made of ferromagnetic material 36 to form a magnetic circuit around the clutch coil 35 and one end surface of the clutch housing 36 opposite and axial (in a right-left movement in 1 ) movable clutch disc 37 , The clutch disc 37 is to be rotatable together, by means of a spring element 38 , such as a rubber element, connected to a torque limiter TL, as described in detail below.

When the clutch coil 35 is in an off state, the electromagnetic clutch remains 7 ineffective to a given gap between the end face of the clutch housing 36 and form the clutch disc, which is the clutch disc 37 allows you to turn in the uncoupled state. In contrast, the clutch coil generates 35 an attraction through which the clutch disc 37 against the clutch housing 36 is pulled, if by energizing the clutch coil 35 the electromagnet is formed. At this moment, the clutch disk settles 37 in a coupling state against the end surface of the clutch housing 36 , causing the rotation of the clutch disc 37 is limited.

The torque limiter TL consists of a center disc 39 that with the clutch disc 37 via an elastic element 38 coupled, and a rotatable disc 40 in frictional contact with the center disc 39 is held to the rotation of the rotatable disc 40 to limit, and with the internal toothed ring of the reduction gear unit 4 connected is. By this construction, the rotatable disc 40 against the middle disk 39 pressed to generate a frictional force by which the rotation of the rotatable disc 40 is limited.

The torque limiter TL acts in such a way that in the state in which the rotation of the center disc 39 is limited, that is, when the clutch disc 32 the electromagnetic clutch 7 adheres to the end surface of the clutch housing, the rotatable disc 40 is caused, in relation to the central disc 39 (spinning) to slip in case the reducer unit 4 with an excessive torque beyond the static moment of the rotatable disc is applied to the internal toothed ring gear 4b to allow it to rotate and thereby absorb the excessive torque.

As in 2 As shown, the starter circuit EC includes a first series circuit SC1 interposed between the battery and the ground and a starter switch 41 , a parallel circuit PR and the clutch coil 35 the electromagnetic clutch 7 , and a second series circuit SC2 which connects the battery B to the ground in parallel to the first series circuit SC1 and from the electromagnetic switch 3 and the anchor 11 the starter motor 2 consists. The parallel circuit PR closes the delay circuit 8th and the electromagnetic coil 13 of the electromagnetic switch 3 one.

The delay circuit 8th consists of a capacitor C and a resistor R, which are connected in series to form an RC element (capacitor-resistor series circuit). The CR element is between the starter switches 41 and the clutch coil 35 parallel to the electromagnetic coil 13 inserted. The delay circuit (CR element) 8th is inside the electromagnetic switch 3 included.

More in detail has the coil housing 13A , as in 5 shown an opening, which is an annular carrier 42 receives, on which the capacitor C and the resistor R are attached. The carrier 42 is between the rear end wall of the electromagnetic coil 13 and the stationary core 14 arranged in a fixed position (See 3A ).

How best of the 4 and 5 can be seen, the stationary contact 14 a first and a second elongate through bore 14a . 14b on, each having a first and a second line feedthrough 43 . 43b take up in the axial direction of the rear end wall of a bobbin 43 the electromagnetic coil 13 extend out. That in the carrier 42 embedded RC element has one with a line 8a connected terminal in a position opposite to the resistor R and a connected to a terminal of the resistor R fitting. The administration 8a extends through the first line bushing 43 and is held by them, which in turn is a conduit 13a holds with one end of the electromagnetic coil 13 connected is. The administration 8a is electrical with a switch connection 44 connected by the first line feedthrough 43 is held.

As in 3B shown, the switch terminal 44 that goes through the contact cap 16 extends, from the contact cap 16 of the electromagnetic switch 3 led out to the outside and electrically connected to a terminal of a switch line with which the starter switch 41 connected is.

Furthermore, a line 8th connected to the other end of the resistor at a position opposite to the capacitor C, and through the second line feedthrough 43b which in turn is a conduit 13b holds with the other end of the electromagnetic coil 13 connected is. The administration 8b is electric with a lead 35a connected (see 4 ) extending from a positive electrode of the clutch coil 35 extends out and through the second line feedthrough 43b is held.

It will now be the starter below 1 described.

When the starter switch 1 is closed, the electromagnetic switch 3 , the electromagnetic coil 13 and powering the electromagnetic clutch. When this happens, due to the effect of the delay circuit 8th the electromagnetic coil 13 is energized at a time having a predetermined time delay from the time when the clutch coil 35 is charged. Also, the delay time is set to be in a range equal to or less than 500 ms by the electromagnetic coil 13 with the given time delay against the Beauschlagung the clutch coil 35 is charged.

This allows the clutch coil 35 is applied to the formation of the electromagnet before the armature 11 begins to rotate. At this time, the clutch disc is located 37 at the end surface of the Kupplunngsgehäuses 36 to limit the rotation of the clutch disc. This leads to a limitation of the rotational movement of the internally toothed ring gear 4b with which the clutch disc 37 is connected via the torque limiter TL. This allows the starter motor 2 , the output torque on the output shaft 5 transferred to.

Then turn, because the output torque of the starter motor 2 via the reduction gear unit 4 on the output shaft 5 is transmitted, the output shaft 5 and the pinion 6 as a unitary structure that makes it the pinion 6 allows the output torque on the sprocket 30 to transmit and thus to fire the internal combustion engine. During this action, when driving the sprocket 30 generates a shock moment because the output shaft 5 which starts a large inertial energy possessing internal combustion engine. This impact moment causes the shock absorbing elements 33 the shock absorbing device SA to an elastic deformation (bending) to a relative rotation between the output shaft 5 and the pinion 6 and thus the shock absorbing device SA absorbs the impact torque. In addition, an excessive impact which can not be absorbed by the shock absorbing device is caused by the slippage of the rotary disk 40 of the torque limiter TL minimized. Thus, the drive system of the starter 1 no susceptibility to suffering from excessive shock.

When the engine is fully started, the starter switch becomes 41 open, thereby simultaneously powering the electromagnetic coil 13 of the electromagnetic switch 3 and the clutch coil 35 the electromagnetic clutch 7 is interrupted. At this time, the main contact MC of the starter circuit EC is opened to supply the armature 11 to interrupt with electric power, and with the reduction of the on the anchor 11 acting electromotive force is progressively the rotational movement of the armature 11 stopped.

In the meantime, reduced because of the interrupted supply of the clutch coil 35 with electric power the electromagnetic clutch 7 the attraction of the electromagnet. Therefore, because of the restoring force of the elastic member 38 the clutch disc 37 from the end face of the clutch housing 36 moved away in a decoupled state in which it is freely movable. This makes it possible with the clutch disc 37 via the torque limiter TL connected internally toothed ring gear 4b to rotate, reducing the torque transmission path between the starter motor 2 and the output shaft 5 is interrupted.

(Advantageous effect the present embodiment)

At the starter 1 According to the first embodiment, the function enables the delay circuit 8th the electromagnetic switch 3 to be excited with a predetermined delay relative to the time at which the electromagnetic clutch 7 is excited. This provides the ability to enable torque transmission the clutch plate 37 the electromagnetic clutch 7 to move into a coupling state before the rotation of the anchor 11 starts. Therefore, the starter motor 2 the output torque through the pinion 6 on the sprocket 30 transmit and thereby enable the starting of the internal combustion engine in a reliable manner:
Meanwhile, the starter circuit EC interrupts the supply of the clutch coil 35 with electric power when the engine starts from the starter state. At this time, the clutch disc 37 decoupled to interrupt the torque transmission path. Therefore, no rotation of the pinion 6 on the starter motor 2 even if the rotation of the internal combustion engine on the pinion 6 is transmitted.

Furthermore, no rotation of the internal combustion engine to the starter motor 2 transmitted at increased speed, thereby protecting the starter motor from significant loads, because the electromagnetic clutch 7 (by disengaging the clutch disc 37 ) is interrupted even if the internal combustion engine stalls on a slope or a similar occasion, accompanied by an opposite rotation of the internal combustion engine.

In addition, when the internal combustion engine is about to stop automatically, that is, when the need arises to restart the internal combustion engine in a state where the internal combustion engine is rotating under the action of its own inertia, the electromagnetic clutch can be stopped 7 be made effective to enter a coupling state before the anchor 11 starts to turn. In addition, the shock absorbing device SA can absorb an impact torque occurring during the restart of the internal combustion engine. This makes it possible to restart the internal combustion engine during its rotation.

At the starter 1 In addition, according to the first embodiment, the shock absorbing device SA can absorb an impact torque occurring when the internal combustion engine is restarted and the engine torque fluctuates. In addition, excessive shock not controlled by the shock absorbing device SA can be eliminated by the torque limiter TL. Thus, no noteworthy impact on the electromagnetic clutch 7 transfer. As a result, the occurrence of clutch slippage can be limited. This allows a reduction of the clutch disc 37 energizing attraction of the electromagnet (the clutch coil 35 assigned), which is a reduction of the electromagnetic clutch 7 with weight saving possible.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the delay circuit decreases 8th the form of a simplified circuit consisting of the capacitor C and the resistor R connected in series with him and those with the electromagnetic coil 13 of the electromagnetic switch 3 is connected in parallel. This allows, in contrast to starters according to the prior art, an increase in the manufacturing costs of the starter according to the invention 1 to suppress.

Because the delay circuit 8th through which the electromagnetic switch 3 is energized with a delay relative to the time at which the electromagnetic clutch 7 is energized so that the delay falls within a range equal to or less than 500 msec, no unpleasant feeling occurs at the start of the internal combustion engine. That is, the engine can be started without the driver feeling uncomfortable or uncomfortable.

Second Embodiment

At the starter 1 According to a second embodiment, the electromagnetic clutch 7 designed so that it has a given Axialhub (equivalent to an axial gap between the end surface of the clutch housing 36 and the clutch disc 37 for the axial displacement of the clutch disc 37 ) for the clutch disc 37 to move it axially when the clutch disc 37 is attracted by the electromagnet, or the clutch coil 35 is designed so that the attraction is such that the clutch disc 37 is attracted by the electromagnet to be brought into the coupling state before the armature 11 begins to rotate.

That is, the electromagnetic switch effective to close or open the main contact MC 3 is designed such that the main contact MC is not synchronous with the excitation of the electromagnetic coil 13 but then closed will if the piston 15 has traveled a predetermined axial stroke after attraction by the electromagnet. Therefore, there is a time delay between the excitation of the electromagnetic coil 13 and the actual closing action of the main contact MC. Also starts with the starter motor 2 the anchor 11 not to rotate immediately when the main contact MC is closed, but rather requires the starter motor 2 due to the moment of inertia of the armature 11 Time to record the rotation. Therefore occurs at the beginning of the rotation of the anchor 11 a time delay from the time at which the starter switch 41 is closed.

To address this fact, a small gap is given as a predetermined stroke of the order of, for example, about 0.3 mm between the end face of the coupling housing 36 the electromagnetic clutch 7 and the clutch disc 37 generated. As an alternative, the clutch coil 35 be designed so that they have an increased tightening force to tighten the clutch disc 37 having increased tightening speed. This results in a reduction of the action time interval between the time when the clutch coil 35 is excited and the time at which the clutch disc 37 is tightened to move to the clutch state.

By such arrangements, the clutch disc 37 be tightened to be pulled into the coupling state before the anchor 11 begins to rotate, that is, before the delay time discussed above has expired.

Consequently in the starter according to the second embodiment, there is no need to to operate it by means of an electronic control, the one expensive control unit required. Moreover, there is no need for the additional application new circuit components. This leads to a cost reduction a starter in an effective way.

While the special embodiments of the The present invention has been described in detail, it is for the expert understandable, that in the light The comprehensive teaching of Revelation manifold modifications and alternatives can be developed to these details. Accordingly, the described, special explanations only and not as the scope of the present invention restrictive the full breadth of the following claims and all their equivalents evident.

Claims (18)

Starter with constant engagement to start a Combustion engine with a ring gear, the starter with constant Procedure includes: a Starter circuit with a main contact; an electromagnetic Switch to open and closing the main contact; a starter motor with an anchor to Generating a driving torque when the electromagnetic switch closes the main contact; a Output shaft responsive to a transmitted via a torque transmission path drive torque is in rotation displaceable; one on the output shaft to common Rotation with this attached pinion for constant engagement in the Sprocket of the internal combustion engine; one in the torque transmission path arranged electromagnetic clutch with a solenoid for forming an electromagnet and a clutch disc facing the Electromagnet is movable to a clutch state and a decoupled Condition for connecting or disconnecting the torque transmission path to control; and a delay circuit arranged in the starter circuit for energizing the electromagnetic switch at a time with a given time delay across from the time at which the electromagnetic clutch is energized, that the Clutch disc is tightened by the Elektromag Neten to in to be transferred to the coupling state, before the anchor begins to rotate. Constant engagement starter according to claim 1, in which: the electromagnetic switch includes an exciting coil; and the delay circuit a CR element (capacitor-resistor series connection) includes connected in parallel to the exciter coil. Constant engagement starter according to claim 1, in which: the delay circuit the time at which the electromagnetic switch is energized, across from the time when the electromagnetic clutch is energized, with a given time delay delayed whose value is equal to or less than 500 msec. Constant engagement starter for starting an internal combustion engine with a ring gear, the constant engagement starter comprising: a starter circuit having a main contact; an electromagnetic switch for opening and closing the main contact; a starter motor having an armature for generating a drive torque when the electromagnetic switch closes the main contact; an output shaft that is responsive to a transmitted via a torque transmission path Drive torque is set in rotation; a pinion mounted on the output shaft for common rotation therewith for constant engagement with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine; an electromagnetic clutch disposed in the torque transmission path having a solenoid for forming an electromagnet and a clutch disc movable with respect to the solenoid to control a clutch state and a decoupled state to connect or disconnect the torque transmission path; and a deceleration mechanism associated with the electromagnetic clutch and the clutch disc adapted to cause the electromagnetic clutch to pull the clutch disc into its engaging state before the armature begins to rotate. Constant engagement starter according to claim 4, in which the delay mechanism a clutch housing includes, the one end surface which is in a position that it is the clutch disc allowed to move with a given axial stroke when is attracted by the electromagnet. Constant engagement starter according to claim 4, in which: the delay mechanism includes the solenoid, that is set so that it a predetermined attraction for tightening the clutch disc in has the high-speed clutch state before The armature begins to rotate when the solenoid is energized. System for automatic start and restart an internal combustion engine for automatic control of a stop and restart the internal combustion engine, which has a starter Contains constant engagement according to claim 1. Starter with constant engagement to start a Combustion engine with a ring gear, the starter with constant Procedure includes: a Starter circuit with a main contact; an electromagnetic Switch to open and closing the main contact; a starter motor with an anchor to Generating a driving torque when the electromagnetic switch closes the main contact; a Output shaft responsive to a transmitted via a torque transmission path drive torque is in rotation displaceable; one on the output shaft to common Rotation with this attached pinion for constant engagement in the Sprocket of the internal combustion engine; one in the torque transmission path arranged electromagnetic clutch with a solenoid for forming an electromagnet and a clutch disc facing the Electromagnet is movable to a clutch state and a decoupled Condition for connecting and disconnecting the torque transmission path to control; and a delaying agent, whose action allows the To bring the clutch disc in its coupling state before the Anchor begins to rotate. Constant engagement starter according to claim 8, in which: a shock absorbing device in the torque transmission path between the output shaft and the electromagnetic clutch is arranged to the coming from the engine, in the direction transmitted to the electromagnetic clutch shock torque to absorb. Constant engagement starter according to claim 9, in which: the shock absorbing device a first, the clutch disc associated rotatable element, a second, the pinion associated rotatable element and at least a shock absorbing member interposed between the first and second rotatable members Element comprises about the push too absorbed by the internal combustion engine in the direction of the electromagnetic Coupling is transmitted. Constant engagement starter according to claim 9, in which: the first and second rotatable members and the shock absorbing Element radially inward are arranged by the electromagnetic clutch. Constant engagement starter according to claim 9, further comprising: one associated with the Stoßabsorbierungsvorrichtung Torque limiter, which is suitable for a remaining, from the shock absorbing device transmitted shock too eliminate. Constant engagement starter according to claim 8, in which: the delay agent a delay circuit comprising is arranged in the starter circuit and is suitable for the electromagnetic Switch at a time with a predetermined time delay over the Time to excite, to which excited the electromagnetic clutch becomes. Constant engagement starter according to claim 13, in which: the electromagnetic switch includes an exciting coil; and the delay circuit a CR-element (capacitor-resistor-series-circuit) which is parallel to the exciting coil is switched. Constant engagement starter according to claim 13, in which: the delay circuit the time at which the electromagnetic switch is energized, across from the time when the electromagnetic clutch is energized, with a given time delay delayed whose value is equal to or less than 500 msec. Constant engagement starter according to claim 8, in which: the delay agent one of the electromagnetic clutch and the clutch disc associated delay mechanism comprises suitable to cause the electromagnetic clutch, the clutch disc to pull in the coupling state before the anchor to rotate starts. Constant engagement starter according to claim 16, in which: the delay mechanism a clutch housing includes, the one end surface which is in a position that it is the clutch disc allowed to move with a given axial stroke when it is attracted by the electromagnet. Constant engagement starter according to claim 17, in which: the delay mechanism includes the solenoid, that is set so that it a given attraction for tightening the clutch disc in the coupling state with high tightening speed, before the armature starts to rotate when the solenoid is energized.