DE102006020661A1 - Modern multi-component clean fiber e.g. methotrexate fiber, coloring method, for e.g. carpet goods, involves maintaining cross section of fiber and fibrils with coat of additives, where fibrils are embedded in fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves maintaining a cross section of fiber (1) and fibrils (2) with a coat of additives. The fibrils are embedded in the fiber. The fibrils are interspersed and colorfast with coloring molecules. Entire color space with all shades is covered by a combination of synthetically produced textile dyestuffs, Azo- and anthraquinone dyestuffs and mixtures. The additive is made from a mixture of benzyl alcohol and fatty alcohol ethoxyl.

Description

The The invention relates to a method of coloring modern multi-component Clean fibers for Textiles and carpet goods according to the preamble of claim 1.

Nice For a long time you endeavored for all textile products, as well as for all carpet yarns, a so-called "clean fibers" to develop the as a synonym for Dirt-repellent properties of chemical fibers for carpet production be valid. One distinguishes between dry and wet soiling. To improve the required properties are appropriate Fibers in the structure and / or modified by equipment so that Dirt less visible or accepted.

• • geringe statische Aufladung (zieht weniger Staub an)
• • höherer Härtegrad (hart ist besser als weich)
• • der spezifische Faseroberfläche (Verhältnis von Faseroberfläche/Fasergewicht = eine kleine Faseroberfläche ist besser als eine große)
• • des Mattierungsgrades (mattierte Fasern machen Schmutz weniger sichtbar)
• • der Reflexion (im Gegensatz zu Vollfasern, die das Licht einheitlich brechen, tritt bei Hohlfasern eine diffuse Lichtbrechung auf, wodurch z.B. bei quadratischen Faserstrukturen mit vier Hohlräumen das Licht so reflektiert wird, dass Schmutz nicht mehr sichtbar ist)
• • von Kräuselung (eine starke Kräuselung verbirgt den Schmutz)

This happened to date through various measures, such as:

• • low static charge (absorbs less dust)
• • higher degree of hardness (hard is better than soft)
• The specific fiber surface area (fiber surface / fiber weight ratio = a small fiber surface is better than a large one)
• • the degree of matting (matted fibers make dirt less visible)
• • Reflection (in contrast to solid fibers, which break the light uniformly, a diffuse refraction of light occurs in hollow fibers, whereby, for example, in quadratic fiber structures with four cavities the light is reflected so that dirt is no longer visible)
• • curling (a strong curling conceals the dirt)

in this connection However, the dirt is mostly hidden and less held.

In A recent development now introduces a fiber that only in the interior of a fibril structure, whereas the surface but quasi smooth and unstructured. This ensures that all ionic dyes are rejected and not in the fiber core can penetrate.

With This method remains all typical household dyes e.g. in the fruit or in drinks only on the surface this modern fiber and can thus easily removed.

One Penetration into the fiber and an associated sustainable coloration will be prevented.

In order to All products made from this yarn are excellent for use just where it is often due to dyes in food and drinks too Pollution comes.

This should not be confused with water and oil repellent surfaces due very low surface tension. With such fibers, subsequent high-permanence dyeing is nearly complete impossible.

A such blockage is against the penetration of ionic dyes Naturally always given, if it concerns homogeneous fibers, which already from the chem. and physical structure out such a Do not allow color ingress. Such fibers are very suitable many cases e.g. not as textile and carpet fibers and can not be or only to a very limited extent, especially in the flocked, combed, yarn and piece dyeing.

at The modern clean fiber is now through the inner Fibrillenstruktur enough Room for one deep and intense coloring given and besides ensures optimal behavior as a textile and carpet fiber.

at a new fiber from the company Aquafil with the working name MTX is now the protection function, namely the blockade against the penetration of ionic dyes immediately also the primary Problem with this yarn.

Around to color this yarn well, on the one hand a sufficient color depth even with dark Colors and on the other hand, the requirements of the Color fastness must suffice the deliberately constructed blockade in the form of the surface of the Fibers and the sheath of the fibrils with the dye pierced become.

Succeed this is not the case, the protection against contamination is contraindicated since a subsequent coloring not or only limited possible would.

As efforts various people involved in this topic Companies show, it succeeds until today only a weak one, thus in the Color depth unsatisfactory coloring to reach, in which case also the color fastness remains limited.

Partially it is also only an adhesive attachment of the color the surface of the Fiber that is not permanent in household or commercial Cleaning of the textile product shows.

But this blockade can not be overcome against the unintentional penetration of dyes into the fiber, this fiber remains commercially unattractive, since they are not on a large scale can be set. Textiles and carpets without a perfect coloration and high color fastness can not be marketed, even if they have the advantage that no ionic dyes can penetrate.

Overcoming the surface barrier with suitable dyes, which open up the entire color space in the dyeing, is with it for a marketing of this modern fiber inevitable.

One visualizes one the structure of the fiber with its fibrils and the associated free spaces in the Interior and the closed surfaces outside, then results from it already the theoretical approach of problem solving.

task The invention is to develop color systems whose composition it basically allow a quasi-closed polymer surface to penetrate, to penetrate.

Become the thin ones surfaces penetrated by fibers as well as fibrils, so the fibrils can with the Dye are flooded and thus produces a deep and true coloration become.

In order to the dye in its environment must also be designed so that the capillarity the fibrillic spaces can be fully utilized to a continuous and not spotty or otherwise limited coloring to reach the entire fiber.

Around to reach the entire color space, at least three colors of the color wheel available stand, whose color distance is selected correctly. From color technical Sight would the CMY - cyan, Magenta, yellow (yellow) - colors be optimal as a subtractive system, but not least from the historical color evolution out, the red-yellow-blue system is more opportune, here the color selection is significantly larger.

According to the invention this Task solved by that a color system consisting of suitable colors and a special opener additive the cross section of the fiber with his coat and the embedded therein Fibrils with their coats penetrates and interspersed with dye molecules and colorfast receives.

Important for the coloring is also that the colors for all staining procedures can be used, both for the printing process, as well as for the extraction and application procedures.

Around the modern Sauberfaser, consisting of a Fibrillenkern and a closed surface, color optimally to be able to In advance, an analysis of the fiber is necessary. Here is the polymer structure the fibrils of secondary Meaning, whereas knowledge of the shell polymer is important.

Out Patent WO 03/029536 A1 can only be read. that it is the sheath polymer is a polyolefin. That too Fibril-forming polymer is only described as having it out the group of polyamides and polyesters.

Regarding the fiber dyeing reference is made to acidic or cationic dyes. All such information led but not further, because of the too unspecific orientation.

With a corresponding system, necessary analyzes and very many The suitable dyes could be tested as quasi chain-shaped azo, Azo-anthraquinone and anthraquinone dyes as Dipersionsfarben be made out. Not only the molecular structure was important but also the charge distribution within the molecule.

The Connection between molecular form and charge distribution allows the penetration of the polymer jacket the fiber.

With suitable "break contact" additives from a defined Mixture of benzyl alcohol, fatty alcohol ethoxylate as emulsifier and Surfactant for reducing the surface tension and glycol derivatives together with acetic acid and defoamers the respective color according to the above Design resp. a corresponding color mixture brought together and this resulting aqueous solution applied to the fibers.

The Combination of "normally closed" additives with suitable ones chain-like Dyes, as shown above, allows the penetration of the dyes through the sheath polymer into the fibril core of the fibers.

By the means used to reduce the surface tension of the solution also the complete one Wetting the stored between the fibrils capillaries ensured.

Such "opener" additives provide additionally for the perfect Diffusion of color through the amorphous parts of the fiber, so that the fibrils are not only surrounded by color, but also themselves largely completely colored are.

The mantle area is colored where the color molecules get inside the fiber, due to the presence of pores through which the dye molecules penetrate into the interior of the fiber dif base or over amorphous portions of the cladding material. Because of the very small shell thickness, it can be left open whether this is now colored or not, as this would not change the color depth.

Herewith let the three colors in high concentration in the fibers bring in, bringing a deep coloration also in dark colors becomes possible. Due to the fact that the colors are incorporated into the fibers become and not only adhesive Outside have accumulated the high permanence as well as the necessary Color fastness.

There the polymer sheath of the fiber is retained, is still the barrier against the penetration of ionic colors from food and drinks available.

Out that's why this modern fiber is becoming commercially interesting, since they with the method according to the invention color deep in the entire color space can be colored.

The inventive method is composed by the three special colors, yellow, blue and red with the "opener" - additives in the formulation of the invention carried out both as a print or in the exhaust or application process.

The Colors along with their additives are designed to work both for dyeing are suitable for the pore model as well as for the volume model and at the present MTX fiber because of the duplex properties for one deep and stable coloring to care.

The Invention is based on an embodiment explained in more detail.

When Example, a round cross-section was adopted, but this also for all other cross-sectional shapes apply.

The Pictures are exclusive for clarification the staining kinetics not designed and described one to one the actual Structure of the fiber.

It demonstrate:

1 the schematic structure of the clean fiber in three-dimensional representation

2 the cross-section of the clean fiber with the adhesion of a color

3 the cross section of the clean fiber with the penetration of the color through the fiber cladding

4 the cross section of the clean fiber with the penetration of the color into the fiber interior

5 the further penetration of the color into the fiber interior with its fibrils

6 the complete filling of the fiber inside and penetration of the fibrils with color

1 shows the schematic structure of the clean fiber ( 1 ) in three-dimensional representation. Here, the coat encloses ( 1.1 ) inside the fiber ( 1 ) arranged fibrils ( 2 ).

In 2 the adhesion of the aqueous color system ( 3 ) on the jacket ( 1.1 ) of the fiber ( 1 ). For penetration of the color system ( 3 ) through the jacket ( 1.1 ) to the Fibrillenummantelung ( 5 ) and penetration of the fibrils ( 2 ), this color system ( 3 ) composed of several components. To open the coat ( 1.1 ) is the color system ( 3 ) from the color red ( 3.1 ), Color yellow ( 3.2 ), Colour blue ( 3.3 ), an opener additive ( 3.4 ) and if necessary with a UV adsorber ( 3.5 ).

The in 3 illustrated course of the penetration of the color system ( 3 ) through the jacket ( 1.1 ), via the opening of the shell ( 1.1 ) in the form of diffusion channels ( 4 ). These diffusion channels ( 4 ) lead into the fiber interior to the Fibrillenummantelungen ( 5 ) as well as to the fibrils ( 2 ).

In 4 is shown how the color system ( 3 ) on the fiber ( 1 ), into the interior of this fiber ( 1 ) to the partial enclosure of the fibrils ( 2 ).

5 shows the further progress of the fiber dyeing. The color system ( 3 ) penetrates deeper into the fiber interior. Into the tangential fibrils ( 2.2 ), the color already penetrates, whereas the washed-out fibrils ( 2.1 ) are already dyed through.

The final state shows the 6 , Here is the entire fiber inside ( 1.2 ) of the fiber ( 1 dyed through). The coat ( 1.1 ) is colored where the color got into the fiber. If the diffusion channels are highly pronounced, then the shell is also largely colored. If only a small channel area is present, the jacket remains largely undyed, which is visually largely irrelevant because of the very small layer thickness.

1

fiber

1.1

fiber cladding

1.2

fiber interior

2

fibrils

2.1

fibrils bathes

2.2

fibrils affected

3

color system

3.1

Colour, red

3.2

Colour, yellow

3.3

Colour, blue

3.4

Opener additive

3.5

UV absorbers

4

diffusion channels

5

Fibrillenummantelung

Claims (14)

Process for dyeing modern multicomponent clean fibers for textiles and carpet products by the printing, exhaust and application method, in particular the MTX fiber from Aquafil, characterized in that a color system ( 3 ) consisting of suitable colors ( 3.1 ; 3.2 : 3.3 ) and special "opener" additive ( 3.4 ) the cross section of the fiber ( 1 ) with his coat ( 1.1 ) and the embedded fibrils ( 2 ) with their coats ( 5 ) penetrates and interspersed with dye molecules and obtains colourfast. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the colors ( 3.1 ; 3.2 : 3.3 ) is synthetically produced textile dyes. Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the colors ( 3.1 ; 3.2 : 3.3 ) are azo and / or anthraquinone dyes. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is in the dyes ( 3.1 ; 3.2 : 3.3 ) is disperse dyes. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the entire color space with all color nuances by combination of three suitable one-component or multi-component colors ( 3.1 ; 3.2 ; 3.3 ) and their mixtures is covered. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the three colors ( 3.1 ; 3.2 : 3.3 ) to red, blue and yellow and their mixtures with each other. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the opener additive ( 3.4 ) consists of a defined mixture of benzyl alcohol, fatty alcohol ethoxylate as emulsifier and surfactant. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the color system in addition to the "opener" - additive ( 3.4 ) also contains other aids, such as defoamers, surfactants, emulsifiers, etc. Process according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the red colors ( 3.1 ) are dyes based on Disperse Red 91 and Disperse Red 92 and Acid Red 182 and Acid Red 152 and mixtures thereof with each other or with other dyes. Process according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the blue colors ( 3.3 ) are dyes based on Disperse Blue 56 and / or Disperse Blue 73 and Disperse Blue 291 and mixtures thereof with each other or with other dyes. Process according to one or more of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the yellow colors ( 3.2 ) to dyes based on Disperse Yellow 27 and / or Disperse Yellow 3 and Disperse Yellow 64 and Disperse Yellow 54 and Disperse Yellow 42 and Disperse Yellow 62 and mixtures thereof with each other or with other dyes. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the continue-order method, fixing in the damper the first 15 meters without contact takes place, without contact with the guide rollers. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the continue-order method in the dyeing liquor antifrosting products and thickening agents are used. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that by addition of UV adsorbers ( 3.5 ) an improvement in color fastness is achieved.