DE102006013100A1 - Segment motor for valve train - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a segment drive having a rotor (1) carrying a plurality of permanent magnets (2), the permanent magnets (2) being arranged in a first partial region of the circumference of the rotor and a bearing in a second partial region in which no permanent magnets are arranged (5) is arranged for valve coupling, the first partial area of the rotor (1) being at least partially surrounded by an outer stator (7, 8) and an inner stator (9) being arranged inside the rotor (1), the inner and outer stator being on the housing of the segment motor are fastened or integrated, at least two rotors (1) with associated external and internal stators being arranged in the housing of the drive, an intermediate housing part (12, 34a) being arranged between two rotors (1) and the rotors (1) on the intermediate housing part (12, 34a) or on a shaft (1a, 35) lying in the intermediate housing part (12, 34a).

Description

The The present invention relates to a segmented motor having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

State of technology

Known are a variety of actuators for the operation of gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines. Most patents describe designs of actuators based on the resonant oscillator principle.

Known are linear actuators, similar to in DE 198 25 728 described are executed. These consist of two electromagnets. Between the electromagnets is the armature, which moves between the pole faces of the two electromagnets. The armature is in communication with the valve of an internal combustion engine and is accelerated by two springs. Lever actuators are also known, also based on the resonant oscillating principle DE 197 12 063 and DE 198 54 020 , The actuators work on the same physical principle with the difference that the valve is not actuated directly but via a lever and the lever moves between the pole faces of two magnets.

Of the Disadvantage of the above actuators is that, in principle, the valve lift can not be adjusted arbitrarily. In general, can with above-mentioned Actuators only small strokes and a big one Hub can be adjusted. Furthermore the dynamics of the actuators described above are determined by the springs and can not be varied. These possibilities of actuators is not sufficient to implement novel combustion processes. These require full variability of the valve lift and a very accurate timing accuracy.

In principle, these requirements can be met by a drive as described in PCT / EP2005 / 000567 and in EP 1144813 B1 described, be fulfilled.

In the EP 1144813 is a rotary motor, which is suitable in principle for the actuation of gas exchange valves shown. The motor structure as well as the motor operating principle is not detailed. In principle, a reluctance principle or a synchronous motor concept is used. In the rotor design, it is assumed that permanent magnets are embedded in the rotor and that the magnetic inference takes place via the rotor. This corresponds to the classic structure of synchronous machines. With this operating principle, the precise and stepless control of valves is possible. However, the drive has a high inertial mass. Therefore, the required dynamics for the operation of gas exchange valves can not be achieved. Therefore, it makes sense to use springs to aid acceleration. This is in 6a to 7 of the patent EP 1144813 executed. In order not to achieve high holding currents in the end positions, is in the EP 1144813 a holding means provided, which may also be a spring.

In PCT / EP2005 / 000567 a segment motor structure is described which a fixed external and inner stator and one fitted with permanent magnets, pivotable has stored rotor.

By the decoupling of the inference of the Magnetic circuit from the rotor, the inertial mass of the drive can be clearly be reduced without the magnetic efficiency deteriorates. Thereby appropriate dynamics can be achieved for the operation of Gas exchange valves is required. At the same time can by the constant Air gap almost every rotor rotational position can be controlled. This allows the required fully variable stroke with high dynamics. in principle the segment motor principle described in PCT / EP2005 / 000567 is suitable for one Valve train. The invention is based on the ideas of PCT / EP2005 / 000567.

To such a segment motor further includes as out 3 of the DE 102005040389.1 can be seen, a rotor design in which the rotor carrier is designed as a thin-walled pot, on the outside of which permanent magnet elements are arranged. The rotor structure has basically proven to be robust. The power transmission takes place via a transmission member that is connected to a shaft. To transmit the force a recess on the bell is required. The recess for the lever for valve coupling is complex and reduces the rigidity of the rotor.

The Requirements regarding temperature environment, vibration and impact load for the valve train are very high. In particular, the impact load during rough handling the valve is very high. Also when opening the valve can be a shock load take place, if in case of a control error, the rotor to a maximum stop incident. Require the requirements for highly dynamic function especially in the diesel engine high forces. On the other hand, the length of the Actuator limited by the cylinder and the valve distance. To the length of the cylinder gap full exploit, if the valve plane or axis is not symmetrical to the actuator, what an off-center Storage of the valve coupling to the rotor means. This for the actuator to disposal standing space must therefore be fully exploited in order to achieve a high level of and to achieve torque output.

The rotor structure described in PCT / EP2005 / 000567, as in 2 . 6 and 6a PCT / EP2005 / 000567, can not withstand the shock loads and is therefore less suitable. Furthermore, the long version of the actuator requires an arrangement of the actuators on both sides, or offset in height to the valve. This is unfavorable for assembly purposes and difficult to accommodate in the cylinder head space. Furthermore, the structural load of the long rotor is very high and thus unfavorable.

task

task The invention is a possible to provide a compact structure of a segment drive.

Solution of task

These Task is according to the invention with a Segment drive solved according to the features of claim 1 or 2. advantageous Embodiments of the segment drives according to claims 1 and 2 result from the features of the subclaims.

By the advantageous structure of the segment drive according to the invention can this be made compact and lightweight. He is also highly dynamic, mechanically highly resilient and cost-effective too finished. He also has a low electrical power consumption on. By integrating multiple drives, i. Rotors with their associated Outdoor and indoor stators in a housing, builds the segment drive advantageous very small. It sees the Invention before, two, three, four or more drives in a modular built housing to a segment drive for to arrange several valves. The advantageous provision of one or several housing intermediate parts, which parts of the inner stators of adjacent drives carry and in particular, the common bearing shaft for the adjacently arranged Take up or store rotors, allows easy installation by advantageously few parts. Also lets the segment drive in a reduction of the parts advantageous economical finished.

Laterally is the case the segment drive by housing plates limited, which can accommodate a part of an inner stator. Also can the outer housing plates to support the rotor of the adjacent drive.

The The invention further provides for multiple segment drives side by side as so-called benches to arrange on a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine.

• – hohe energetische Effizienz;
• – robuster mechanischer Aufbau, der die auftretenden Temperatur-, Stoss- und Vibrationsbelastungen bewältigt;
• – modularer Aufbau, um bei gleichem Aufbau verschiedene Ventilabstände zu ermöglichen;
• – Aufbau eignet sich sowohl für einen Otto- als auch für einen Dieselmotor;
• – montagefreundlicher, kompakter und kostengünstiger Aufbau;
• – Integration eines Wärmeabfuhrkonzeptes;
• – Berücksichtigung einer kostengünstigen elektronischen Schnittstelle zum Steuergerät sowie die Integration eines Sensors;

The segment drive according to the invention fulfills the following requirements:

• - high energy efficiency;
• - Robust mechanical design that copes with the occurring temperature, impact and vibration loads;
• - Modular design to allow different valve distances with the same structure;
• - Structure is suitable for both a gasoline engine and a diesel engine;
• - installation friendly, compact and cost-effective construction;
• - Integration of a heat removal concept;
• - Consideration of a cost-effective electronic interface to the control unit and the integration of a sensor;

In order to optimize the energy efficiency of the drive, the rotor of the segment drive according to the invention has a low inertial mass, at the same time the losses of the magnetic circuit are minimized. The magnetic circuit can be optimized primarily by minimizing the leakage losses. This is achieved by shortening the length of the iron loop and optimally enclosing the coils with soft iron. Furthermore, make sure that the permanent magnet elements are always in the magnetic circuit during the stroke movement. The in 1 PCT / EP2005 / 000567 described structure of a segment motor has the disadvantage that the outer coils and permanent magnets are not so effective. Therefore, in the segment drive, the excitation yoke should be designed approximately as a three-quarter circle, whereby the magnetic field is homogeneous and the loss of power during a rotational movement is lower. The rotor can then be designed as a pot shape and homogeneous, ie be fitted over a larger segment with magnets. This reduces the structural load and thus enables mass reduction of the rotor.

The doubling of the number of poles allows approximately a force doubling compared to the design in 1a PCT / EP2005 / 000567. As a result, the actuator can be made shorter with the same force demand. This in turn has an advantageous effect on the structural load of the rotor. As a result, the air gap between the rotor and the stator can be reduced, which advantageously leads to an increase in force. Overall, the energy efficiency compared to the measures described in 1 PCT / EP2005 / 000567 more than doubled.

The three-quarter segment design also allows close positioning of the actuator to the actuator. This has a very advantageous effect on the arrangement of the actuators, for example for a Internal combustion engine off. So the actuators can be arranged in a row. In the cylinder head of a gasoline engine, which has arranged the valves at an angle to the spark plug, the actuators can be advantageously arranged in series, for example, on the inside of the valves. This allows a narrow and compact design on the cylinder head. In addition, the one-sided coupling of the valves is very easy to install. Even in diesel engines, where the valves are usually vertical, the arrangement is very advantageous. In this case, the actuators are arranged on the outside of the valves. Between the valves is the spark plug.

Of the housing construction with bearing of the rotor and fixation of the outer and inner stator is crucial for the Robustness of the structure as well as the cost of the mechanics. The structure must ensure for a that much room for the magnetic circuit is provided, on the other hand have the high powers, which act on the bearing and the stator, are supported fatigue resistant. Also, the manufacturing and installation tolerances are taken into account, as possible allow small air gaps on the rotor. This will be different options of the housing structure and the storage shown.

The housing concepts Foresee that the actuators are modular as a bank or alternatively can be constructed as twin or four-valve unit. For cost reasons is makes sense if all the actuator of the intake and exhaust valve side be merged into a bank. It is also possible, in particular with small valve angle, two actuators each for inlet and two actuators for exhaust valves in a housing to get together. Because of However, serviceability may also make sense that only two or four adjacent actuators combined into one unit become. Adjacent Ak tuatoren share each case an intermediate housing part or a common bearing part, in which a rotor or a plurality of rotors adjacent Actuators are partially stored. The housing of the segment drive is completed by a wider end wall.

Advantageous is the embedding of all actuators in a die-cast housing. in this connection It is important that the casting resin is flush with the side plates is thus at the stiffness of the actuator Increase load.

Of the Rotor is advantageous in terms of a production-oriented solution from two deep-drawn pots executed the particular form-fitting with can be connected to a lever, where the actuator is coupled.

At the outside of the rotor are preferably the permanent magnet elements or an afterthought Magnetized magnet ring attached. If necessary, the pots are through a reinforcing ring or a federation stiffened.

At The coupling member of the rotor is preferably a needle bearing provided that the wear-free Operation without circulation oil lubrication possible.

The Storage of the rotor takes place via a bearing shaft, the frictionally or positively connected to the rotor is and in the outer housing plates or the intermediate housing parts is mounted adjacent actuators. Alternatively, the Rotors rotatable on one or more fixed, preferably on one in the housing be pressed bearing shaft, be stored. As bearings are preferably used roller bearing with little play and self-lubrication.

To control the actuator is advantageously an integrated in the interior of the actuator rotation angle sensor. The integration of the rotation angle sensor has compared to in 1 valve lift sensors shown have the advantage that the drive can be pretested as a unit before mounting on the cylinder head. As a result, the number of contacts can be reduced and the cost of the structure and the electrical connection can be reduced. In addition, the rotation angle sensor allows better control, as a possible mechanical clearance between the rotor and valve does not adversely affect the control.

Of the Efficiency can be improved by a copper fill factor. This can be achieved by having each tooth of the yoke ever carry an exciter coil. The excitation coils are advantageous Baked enamel wire in a stepped winding, so that the winding space is optimally filled. Also conceivable is a winding with Hexacoils, which is a good filling factor enable.

A advantageous coupling between the rotor and valve via a Swivel joint and a bending shop. The swivel allows the Rotation of the valve about its axis, the bending process decreases the axial offset on. An integration of the sensor in the actuator also has the Advantage that the valve can be made simpler, since no Consideration the required sensor target for the valve lift sensor must be taken.

following become possible embodiments the segment drives according to the invention based from drawings closer explained.

It demonstrate:

1 : Basic structure of the segment drive according to the invention with the parts for a single valve drive in a perspective exploded view;

2a a representation of the arrangement of the actuators on the diesel engine cylinder head in cross section;

2 B a representation of the arrangement of the actuators on the gasoline cylinder head in cross section;

3a a cross-sectional view of the actuator with the yoke attachment in the housing and exciter coil design;

3b a cross-sectional view of the actuator with housing with a second alternative yoke attachment;

4a : A longitudinal sectional view of a first possible embodiment of a storage and housing concept for the modular design for multiple segment motors

4b a longitudinal sectional view of a second possible embodiment of a storage and housing concept;

4c a longitudinal sectional view of a third possible embodiment of a storage and Gehäuseponzpetes;

5 : Longitudinal view of a fourth embodiment of a storage and housing concept with a common bearing shaft for the two rotors as a twin drive;

5a FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a storage and housing concept based on the fourth embodiment;

5b FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of a segment drive according to the fifth embodiment on a diesel engine cylinder head (left-hand illustration) and on a gasoline-cylinder head (right-hand illustration); FIG.

6 : Perspective view of a bench arrangement on a cylinder head.

The 1 shows a first possible embodiment of the segment drive according to the invention, wherein only a part of a Twinsegementantrieb is shown in the exploded view. Essentially, the segment drive consists of the subassemblies outer housing plate 11 , Intermediate housing part 12 , Rotor 1 , External stator 7 with excitation coils 8th and inside stator 9 , Housing part 10 with storage and cooling circuit holes 11a , as well as valve connection 3 ,

The rotor 1 carries several permanent magnets 2 and has an eccentric bushing 3 on which the connecting rod 25 of the valve 17 is coupled. Reinforcement rings may be provided for stiffening the rotor frame 5 at the edges of the rotor. The rotor 1 is over the bearing shaft 4 rotatable by means of preferably rolling bearings 13 in the outer housing plate 11 and the intermediate housing part 12 stored. For possible cooling of the actuator are suitable recesses 11a , Especially in the form of cooling holes in the housing 10 , the outer housing plate 11 and the intermediate housing part 12 , By means of fittings 27 and dowel pins 28 the entire segment drive is clamped positionally accurate. The axial bearing fixation can be via thrust washers 14 respectively. The exciter circuit consists of several yoke teeth 7 which with coils 8th are equipped and in the housing 10 are fixed. The magnetic circuit is over the rotor 1 with double-sided air gap and the inner yoke 9 closed. This is via a groove in the housing 10 positive fit via a corresponding groove 29 secured against rotation in this. The pivoting movement of the rotor is via a suitable valve coupling, which preferably with rolling bearings 6 in the bearing bush 3 is fitted, in a translational movement of the valve 17 transfer. The valve points next to the valve foot 17 preferably a flexible soft shaft 20 on which the resulting by the rotation relative displacement of the bearing bush 3 compensated elastically to the valve axis. The coupling is done with a on the shaft 20 applied connecting rod 19 , The position signal of the valve is detected by the valve lift sensor 21 over one on the valve sleeve 18 attached target. Alternatively, the valve position can be determined indirectly via the rotor position. A suitable rotation angle sensor is in 5 described in detail.

At the side facing away from the drive shown side of the housing intermediate part 12 is arranged another drive. This can be constructed in principle mirror-symmetrical to the drive shown. The housing part is the only common part of the two drives.

The 2a and 2 B show the universal application of the actuator for different combustion engine concepts. 2a shows a cross section perpendicular to the engine axis of a diesel engine cylinder head 24 placed actuator. The axis of the valve 17 stands in this cylinder head design parallel to the cylinder axes. 2 B shows corresponding to the cross section of one on a gasoline cylinder head 25 placed actuator. It is essential here that the rotor of the actuator both toward the center plane of the cylinder head (inside) as well as away from the center plane (outboard) can be arranged. Optionally, in an extension of the valve stem, a sensor element 22 to be ordered.

The 3a shows a cross section through a drive of the segment drive perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor. The outer stator is made up of at least 4 yoke teeth 7 designed, the circumferential extent of the external stator is> 200 °. For fixing the yoke teeth 7 in the case 10 there is at least one positive connection 15 , shown here in dovetail design. Here, the yoke teeth 7 be executed as a single package or several combined.

The spools 8th , preferably executed in baked enamel technique, are designed in this variant as step coils, which individually to the yoke teeth 7 be deferred. The individual coils can be connected here in the housing in series or in parallel. The bespulte stator can be cast after mounting in the housing. The attachment of the actuator on the cylinder head via screws. For this purpose, there are tabs on the housing 26 ,

As in 3b shown, the outer yoke can be made more divided, with the Einzeljochzähne 7 in an annular conclusion 30 positively, for example by means of dovetail connections 15 , are introduced. This ring 30 is also about positive connections 15 fastened in the housing. In the same picture below, a possibility of the outer yoke design is shown, in which the outer stator 31 With yoke teeth is made in one piece. The outer stator is formed after the coil assembly to round shape. Here are the interfaces 15a designed as possible with a small air gap or offset offset the yoke plates into each other to keep the magnetic resistance small.

The outer stator can be cast or glued into a die-cast part, wherein for the bonding preferably the annular conclusion 30 suitable because the one-piece external stator 31 already form-fitting in the housing 10 is embedded.

The 4a shows a first possible embodiment of a storage and housing concept for modular design for multiple segment drives. The housing 10 , which fix the bespulten Außenstatoren in their position, are here separated from the outer housing plates 10 and the intermediate housing part 12 executed and form so-called housing wall sections. These are positioned exactly to each other during fitting via fits or pin bores. The outer housing plate 10 and the intermediate housing part 12 can in this case also be designed as a bearing plates for at least one drive or Aktua tor and thus have mounting holes for the bearings 13 , The bearing seat, which at the outer circumference of the inner yoke 9 carries, is designed as a cylindrical rotating part, which is positively connected to the flat bearing plate and frictionally engaged. For this purpose, for example, the flanging technique is suitable.

The 4b shows a second embodiment of the storage and housing concept for a plurality of segment drives, in which at the intermediate housing part 12 a wall section 33 is formed. The intermediate housing part is thus a pot-shaped part whose cylindrical wall is used to abut the outer stator and in the area where the coupling is arranged for the valve, is not present. The outer housing plate 11 can also include the bearing eye of the adjacent drive here.

The 4c shows a third embodiment of the storage and housing concept, in which the intermediate housing part 12 on each side a collar-shaped wall section 34 has and thus T-shaped design.

The embodiments of the 4a to 4c is common that the rotors 1 the adjacently arranged drives rotatably on a shaft 1a are arranged and the shaft 1a by means of rolling bearings 13 is stored in the housing. The intermediate housing part 12 carries on both sides in each case a part of the inner stators of the two drives and forms the bearing for the shafts 1a the drives. To the housing intermediate part shown on the left 12 joins another drive, a part of the inner stator of the intermediate housing part 12 is worn and its shaft 1a is also stored in the intermediate housing part.

In 5 a fourth embodiment of the storage and housing concept is shown, wherein the rotors of the running as a twin drive segment drive on a common bearing shaft 35 rotatable by rolling bearings 13 are stored.

The bearing shaft 35 can frictionally or positively in the housing intermediate part 34a be arrested. By means of clamping rings 37 at the outer ends of the bearing shaft 35 and the rolling bearings 13 enclosing sliding ring disks 38 it is ensured that the bearing shaft 35 remains axially held in position. Of course it is possible, the bearing shaft 35 form two parts.

Furthermore, in 5 the placement of a rotation angle sensor 22 shown. The sensor 22 is in a recess in the outer housing plate 11 Aligned flush with the axis of rotation of the rotor. The target 23 for detecting the rotational angle position is on the rotor 1 attached. For the electrical connection cables to the sensor 22 is in this context a thin foil technique FPC 22d advantageous at the same time the Hall IC 22b is arranged or connected.

In the 5 In addition, two important dimensions determining the structure L _Z = cylinder spacing and L _v = valve spacing are shown. Within the overall length L _Z , the length of the external stator should be optimal for power delivery 7 and the permanent magnets 2 be as big as possible. The necessary space for turning the coils is to be optimized for this purpose. This is only possible if the width B of the outer housing plates 11 is low. For this purpose, it is necessary for stiffening that all dead spaces between coils, bearing plates and outer stator so with Giesharz 40 filled, that this contributes to the stiffening of the entire structure. For the rigidity of the housing plates, a high modulus of elasticity is also important. It is therefore appropriate to carry out the housing plates in a composite construction by the bearing parts 11 and 34a for bearing pin and inner yoke made of aluminum and the reinforcement plates 36 made of steel or carbon fiber material. The bearing shaft 35 can in addition to the bearing of the rotor for centering the outer housing plate 32a and thus the inner inner yoke 9a be used. Thus, a high concentricity between the rotor and the inner yoke can be ensured. The Toleranzket te and the associated manufacturing costs can thus be reduced. The sensor target 23 is executed in this case with a through hole and the rotation angle sensor 22 is positioned eccentrically.

The 5a shows a further fifth possibility of the storage and housing concept, which on the in 5 constructed embodiment. Same elements will not be described here again. In the embodiment according to. 5a will be in 5 illustrated amplifier plates 36 and thus the thickness B saved. This is between the coils 8th the drives of the segment drive no wall, so that the actuator available length L _z = cylinder distance can be used for the maximum magnetic circuit. To increase the Kupferfüllgrades the coils 8th be additionally compressed at least on the front side via suitable devices. Thus, the distance A _{sp is} reduced and the effective magnet length further increased.

The bearing shaft 35 is also in the housing intermediate part 34a pressed. This intermediate housing part 34 sticks out with a part 34a between the rotors 1 into the interior of the rotors 1 and take the interior stators here 9 on. The intermediate housing part 34a is with the Außenstatoren supporting housing part 34 connected in the middle of the case, as it is in 5b is shown. Thus, in this area, the housing is closed at the periphery in itself. The coil wires 8a are discharged laterally and can in a housing recess 34e according to the selected circuit in series or in parallel via el. Connecting parts 8b preferably from stamped grid, to be contacted. These connections then lead to the electrical control unit. Parallel the film runs 22d that to the plug 22e leads. By conventional shielding measures, the sensor line can be kept free from harmful interference of the magnetic fields of the coils. For additional reinforcement of the housing part 34a vertically extending ribs can be formed on the outside of the housing. Ribs and cheeks form with the Ge housing 34 and intermediate housing part 34a a unit and are preferably made as a die-cast part.

The outer housing plate 32a is between the housing parts 34 . 34a clamped and establishes the connection to the next actuator. She wears both inner yokes 9a and also two rotation angle sensors 22 ,

The 5b shows this arrangement in a section perpendicular to the rotor axis. As already in the description of 5a mentioned, in the middle of the segment drive, the intermediate housing part 34 on the circumference with the housing 34 over the cheeks 34c and 34d connected. These cheeks 34c . 34d and have the same length as the case 34 , This is the intermediate housing part 34 well supported. Inside the rotor is the inner yoke 9 drawn.

The 6 shows a bank arrangement of the actuators on a cylinder head with fastening by means of screws 26a and 26b which are connected to the actuator housing. Like in 2 As shown, the actuators for actuating adjacent valves of the exhaust and intake valve sides are arranged in series one-sided to the valve and at a height. The housing of the actuators can in this case be in one piece or in several parts, so that individual actuators can be disassembled individually, for example, for assembly or repair reasons. The connections 37 the coils and sensors are optimally designed upwards and are contacted directly with the electronics. The actuators are longitudinal with eg three tie rods 38 screwed. There is room for the spark plug or ignition coil between the actuators 39 or in direct injection engines injectors.

1

rotor

1a

rotor shaft

2

permanent magnet

3

bearing bush for valve connection

4

bearing shaft of the rotor

5

reinforcement ring for Rotortopf

6

roller bearing for the valve coupling

7

yoke teeth

8th

Kitchen sink

9

inner yoke

10

casing

11

outer housing plate

11a

cooling hole

12

Intermediate housing part

13

roller bearing the main shaft

14

thrust washer

15

dovetail fixation

16

Aktuatorbefestigung

17

valve base

18

valve sleeve

19

pleuel

20

valve stem

21

Valve lift

22

Rotation angle sensor

23

target for angle of rotation sensor

24

Diesel cylinder head

25

Otto cylinder head

26

mounting tabs casing

27

tie rods

28

dowels

29

twist inner yoke

30

Ring-shaped conclusion

31

one-piece outer stator

32

middle bearing plate

33

L-shaped housing / end shield

34

T-shaped housing / end shield

34a

Housing intermediate part - inside

34b

cheeks, integral part of the housing intermediate part

34c

as 34b

35

bearing shaft

36

reinforcing plate

37

clamping ring

38

Gleitringscheiben

39

ignition coil

40

casting resin

Claims (54)

Segment drive, a plurality of permanent magnets ( 2 ) bearing rotor ( 1 ), wherein the permanent magnets ( 2 ) are arranged in a first portion of the circumference of the rotor, and in a second portion, in which no permanent magnets are arranged, a bearing ( 5 ) is arranged for valve coupling, wherein the first portion of the rotor ( 1 ) from an external stator ( 7 . 8th ) at least partially and within the rotor ( 1 ) an inner stator ( 9 ), wherein inner and outer stator are attached or integrated on the housing of the segment motor, characterized in that in the housing of the drive at least two rotors ( 1 ) are arranged with associated external and internal stators, wherein between two rotors ( 1 ) an intermediate housing part ( 12 . 34a ), and the rotors ( 1 ) on the housing intermediate part ( 12 . 34a ) or on one in the intermediate housing part ( 12 . 34a ) incoming wave ( 1a . 35 ) are stored. Segment drive according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that in the housing of the segment drive at least two drives are arranged, each drive is a rotor ( 1 ) with associated outer and inner stator, wherein between two drives a housing intermediate part is arranged, and on the housing intermediate part ( 12 . 34a ) at least parts of an inner stator ( 9 ) and / or external stator of one or both adjacent to the intermediate housing part drives is or are arranged. Segment drive according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized that on the intermediate housing part arranged at least one axially directed projection, in particular molded or fixed, on which a rotor and / or external stator and / or inner stator is mounted. Segment drive according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized that on or in the intermediate housing part the rotors of two adjacent drives are mounted, wherein the Intermediate housing part additionally Parts or the entire inner stator of at least one of the two drives wearing. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing of the segment drive of two outer housing plates ( 11 ) is enclosed. Segment drive according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one of the two outer housing plates ( 11 ) a bearing shaft or the rotor ( 1a ) receives or stores the adjacent drive. Segment drive according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that at least one of the two outer housing plates at least one axially inwardly directed projection or a axially inwardly directed collar that has the inner stator or a part of the inner stator of the external drive wearing. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor of a drive over a circumferential angular range of 180 to 300, in particular 200 to 270 Degree (360 ° results in a full circle) is occupied by permanent magnets. Segment drive according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rotor over a fangswinkelbereich order greater than 200 Degrees (360 °) a full circle) is occupied by permanent magnets. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that between the outer housing plates at least two Rotors each with associated Outside- and inner stators are arranged, wherein in the one outer housing plate a shaft end of an outer rotor and in the other housing plate a shaft end of the other outer rotor is stored, wherein the other shaft ends in at least one Intermediate housing part are stored. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the intermediate housing part carries or supports at least one bearing shaft or at least one bearing shaft is integrally formed on the housing intermediate part or is arranged on or in this in particular rotationally fixed, and on the or the bearing shaft (s) the rotors rotatable, in particular by means of rolling bearings ( 13 ) are stored. Segment drive according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each rotor ( 1 ) on a wave ( 1a ) is arranged rotationally fixed, wherein the shaft ( 1a ) rotatable in the housing plates ( 11 ) and / or an intermediate housing part ( 12 ) is stored. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner stator ( 9 ) is divided at least one drive in the axial direction, wherein either both Innenstatorteile are arranged on two side of the respective drive limiting intermediate shells or, if the drive is adjacent to an outer housing plate, a Innenstatorteil to a housing intermediate part and the other Innenstatorteil the outer housing plate is arranged. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a housing wall encompassing the segment motor the outside stators the drives carries. Segment drive according to claim 14, characterized in that that the housing wall is laterally on the outer housing plates supports or attached to these. Segment drive according to claim 14, characterized in that that the housing wall from a plurality of wall sections juxtaposed in the axial direction is formed, wherein in each case one or more external stators are arranged on the inside of a wall section or from this be worn. Segment drive according to Claim 16, characterized that a wall portion laterally on an outer housing plate and / or a housing intermediate part abuts and in particular is supported on this or attached to this is. Segment drive according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the housing wall or a wall section on an outer housing plate or on a housing intermediate part attached or molded on this or this. Segment drive according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that an outer housing plate laterally on the housing wall or a wall section adjacent to or / or attached to this is. Segment drive according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that at least on an outer housing plate and / or a housing intermediate part an axially extending collar adjacent or is molded, the housing wall or forms a wall portion, on the inner wall at least an outside stator is present and / or attached to this. Segment drive according to claim 20, characterized that the collar only by a circumferential angle range of 180 to 300, in particular 220 to 290 degrees (360 ° results in a full circle) extends. Segment drive according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the outer stators form-fitting manner the housing wall or the wall sections are held. Segment drive according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the external stators on the housing wall or the wall sections by means of connecting means, in particular Screws or glue are held. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the outer housing plates of the housing held together by means extending in the axial direction screws are. Segment drive according to Claim 24, characterized that at least one screw passes through a housing intermediate part. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the outer housing plates made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the outer housing plates are formed by a composite construction. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the yoke legs with exciting coils of adjacent drives immediately adjoin one another without significant air gap. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the coils are longitudinal to achieve a high fill factor are compressed. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that on an outer housing plate or the intermediate housing part at least one rotational angle sensor and cooperating target is arranged on the rotor. Segment drive according to claim 30, characterized in that that the sensor is a Hall element, which in particular on a Foil is arranged. Segment drive according to Claim 31, characterized that the film means for shielding electric fields or having electromagnetic fields, wherein the film between the Coils to the outside of the housing led the segment drive is. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the excitation coils and Außenstatoren shed each other in the housing are. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the yoke legs and an outer stator ring together with the excitation windings the outer stator form. Segment drive according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that the yoke legs and the outer stator are one-piece and are formed after the coil assembly to round shape. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the electronic control of the segment drive on the top of the housing is arranged. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the aspect ratio of Distance of the permanent magnets to the axis of rotation and the distance of the valve actuation to Rotation axis is between 0.8 and 1.2. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that an external stator an excitation yoke consisting of preferably eight Jochpolen and eight Coils, each having four coils in a circuit in parallel or connected in series. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the inner stator of a magnetically conductive material and is designed as a ring segment, which is attached to a housing plate supported. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the inner stator against rotation on the housing or the housing plate, in particular fixed by means of positive locking and / or glued. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the space between external stator, housing parts and coils and at least one housing plate with filler, in particular cast resin filled is, wherein the filler the housing plate stiffened. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the excitation coils formed from baked enamel wire are, which are wound in a step shape. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the connections for the Exciter coils for connection to a power unit of a control unit the open side of the case are arranged. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the housing having the segment motor with cooling channels. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the segment motor at least one end stop for the rotor for limiting the opening stroke and / or Calibration of the sensor has. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the outer housing plates and / or intermediate housing parts are arranged perpendicular to the rotor axis. Segment drive according to Claim 46, characterized that the plates are arranged parallel to each other. Segment drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a plurality of segment drives arranged side by side and are grouped into a bank. Segment drive according to claim 48, characterized that the case the plurality of segment drives held together by axial screws are, wherein the screws at least the outer housing plates of the individual segment drives and optionally pass through the housing intermediate parts and stick together. Segment drive according to one of claims 48 or 49, characterized in that the mutually facing outer housing plates two adjacent segment drives of a bank a smaller one Have wall thickness than the outer housing plates the bank. Segment drive according to one of claims 48 to 50, characterized in that several banks next to each other and / or one above the other are arranged on a cylinder head of an engine. Segment drive according to Claim 51, characterized that between the benches spark plugs, Glühkreise and / or injection valves are arranged. Valve drive for a gas exchange valve with at least one segment drive after a of the preceding claims, characterized in that disposed on the valve stem a target which, together with a sensor for determining the valve lift or the position of the valve stem is used. Valve drive for a gas exchange valve with at least one segment drive after a the claims 1 to 53, characterized in that two drives for intake valves and two drives for exhaust valves in a housing are arranged.