DE102006009273A1 - Refrigeration device especially a cooling- and/or refrigeration cabinet, has kinetic energy of compressor piston stored with intermediate storage medium during intermittent oscillating movement by compression of gaseous fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

A refrigeration device comprises a refrigeration space and a linear compressor (1), which has a compressor housing (2) with an oscillating compressor piston (4) along one axis (3) and an intermediate storage medium (6) for the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston (4). The kinetic energy of the compressor piston (4) can be stored with the intermediate storage medium (6) during the intermittent oscillating movement by compression of a gaseous fluid (5). Independent claims are included for the following: (1) (A) Linear compressor especially for a refrigeration appliance. (2) (B) A method for compressing a gaseous fluid, by a refrigeration appliance.

Description

The The invention relates to a refrigeration device, in particular a cooling and / or freezer or air conditioning, including a cold room and a Linear compressor, wherein the linear compressor is a piston housing and a compressor piston reciprocable along an axis thereof and an intermediate storage means for the kinetic energy of reciprocating compressor piston has a linear compressor for a Refrigeration device as well a method for compressing a gas and a method for cooling Were.

at a linear compressor must be along an axis between a first and a second reversing point reciprocating compressor piston be stored or guided in a direction transverse to the axis. About that In addition, the kinetic energy of the reciprocating must be Compressor piston at the reversal points, i. at the points, on which the direction of movement of the compressor piston reverses, be cached to a low-loss reversal allow the direction of movement of the compressor piston. By reversing the direction of movement of the compressor piston leads in a piston housing into an oscillating, essentially translatory, float by. With the help of the reciprocating motion becomes a compression process executed.

It is known, the kinetic energy of the compressor piston with a or temporarily store more than one coil spring. In addition, must the compressor piston in a direction transverse to the direction of movement be stored. Open-structure systems, i. a serial arranged motor-pump arrangement, use a spring package with a or several very thin ones Diaphragm springs or diaphragm spring packs and one or more coil springs or coil spring assemblies for temporary storage of kinetic energy and for lateral storage of the compressor piston in one direction transverse to the direction of movement. For one sufficient stability Such springs or spring assemblies are made of metal. there the diaphragm springs are so thin and softly designed that the springs in the sum of their transverse stiffnesses the forces perpendicular to the direction of oscillation of the Sufficiently secure overall system. To achieve a suitable longitudinal rigidity Feder arrangements are known in which diaphragm springs by a or more coil springs or coil spring assemblies are supported. However, such spring arrangements are relatively complicated constructed and thus consuming in the production and assembly. Leave the Spring force of the springs with time or are the spring forces of unbalanced individual springs, can friction between the compressor piston and the piston housing arise, which the efficiency of the linear compressor or the refrigerator deteriorates and leads to more energy consumption.

It Object of the present invention, a refrigerator or a linear compressor for a Specify refrigeration device, in which a reciprocating motion of a used compressor piston in compacting in a simple way reliable and energy efficient is realized. Furthermore, it is an object, a method for compacting a gas and a method for cooling goods, wherein a compression or cooling process with high reliability can be carried out particularly energy-saving.

These The object is achieved by the Refrigeration device and through the linear compressor for the Refrigeration device as well by the method for compressing a gas and by the method for cooling of goods, as in the independent claims stated, solved. Further advantageous embodiments and developments, respectively are individually applied or can be combined with each other, are Subject of the respective dependent Claims.

The Refrigerating appliance according to the invention, in particular a cooling and / or freezer or air conditioning, preferably one Air conditioning for motor vehicles, includes a refrigerator and a linear compressor, wherein the linear compressor is a piston housing and a compressor piston reciprocable along an axis thereof and an intermediate storage means for the kinetic energy of the down and her forth movable compressor piston, wherein the kinetic Energy of the compressor piston with the buffer means during the Float intermittently by compression of a gaseous fluid is storable.

With Help the linear compressor is a second fluid, in particular a refrigerant, compressed to produce cold with a downstream evaporation stage to be able to.

The second fluid is compressed by movement of the compressor piston in the piston housing. The second fluid can also do that for the caching used to be gaseous fluid.

The Movement of the compressor piston takes place substantially along one Axis. The compressor piston oscillates between two reversal points which he briefly comes to rest to change his direction of movement. At At the turning points, a forward movement is transformed into a movement.

With Help of the intermediate storage means becomes in the movement of the compressor piston lying kinetic energy stored in the form of potential energy. A total energy in the movement of the compressor piston, which is the kinetic energy of the compressor piston and the potential energy stored in the temporary storage means is essentially constant. Through the buffering agent In particular, the kinetic energy of the compressor piston is short taken before a reversal point and after reversing the direction of movement essentially complete again delivered to the compressor piston. Here, the goal is pursued, the applied by a drive mechanical energy almost completely in To convert work on the fluid to be compressed; in particular, the Drive no braking function for take over the compressor piston.

The gas to be compressed is located in particular in a closed Volume on which a piston acts in a smaller way. In compression the pressure in the fluid increases. In particular, in compression achieve a pressure that is greater preferably by 1 bar to 10 bar greater, more preferably by 2 bars to 7 bars larger than a pressure which can be generated on a pressure side of the linear compressor.

With For example, help from the cache means may be uncontrolled Impacting the compressor piston on a stop or on a valve plate of the linear compressor can be avoided, thereby reducing wear and energy for the Saved operation of the refrigerator becomes.

in the Contrary to known solutions, as a temporary storage means provided a metallic spring, is the kinetic energy of the compressor piston according to the invention by Compression of a gaseous Fluids stored. The temporary storage means may be provided by a gas pressure spring be formed.

The Caching means preferably takes at least 90%, in particular at least 95%, preferably at least 99% of the movement of the compressor piston before a reversal point lying kinetic Energy up. Subsequently the intermediate storage means is at least 88%, in particular at least 97% of this energy back to the compressor piston, causing the slowed down from the forward movement and come to rest at the turning point Compressor piston is accelerated again during its movement.

The gaseous Fluid may be identical to or different from one of the linear compressors be second fluid. The gaseous For example, fluid can be compressed by the linear compressor refrigerant be. in principle however, any gas may be used in caching become. For example, could Air can be used in a pneumatic spring.

advantageously, the means comprises a piston formed by the piston housing and the compressor piston, in particular during and / or by the reciprocation of the Closing compressor pistons, Compression chamber. The compression chamber can through the compressor piston However, it can also be closed by means of valves be closed.

Of the Compaction space can be formed by a dead space in the piston housing be. The dead space is through walls of the compressor housing and a head side of the compressor piston. In this embodiment No valves are required to provide intermediate compression of the gaseous To cause fluid in the dead space, since the compressor piston, the gaseous fluid compressed in the dead space.

In an alternative embodiment, the compression chamber valves on, which are driven in phase during the reciprocation of the compressor piston, i.e. open or locked up.

advantageously, the means comprises a valve which closes before the direction of movement the compressor piston reverses, and reopens after the direction of movement the compressor piston has reversed. This opens and closes the valve at least once per cycle. The valve closes in particular during a Forward movement and opens while a movement immediately following the forward movement.

In In a particular embodiment, the valve closes during a Forward movement within a range of 50% of the piston stroke Reciprocation before a reversal point of the compressor piston, especially within a distance of 20% of the piston stroke a reversal point of the compressor piston, in particular within of 10% of the piston stroke before the reversal point of the compressor piston. Within the range, the compressor piston is decelerated until he is resting at a turning point.

In a further specific embodiment of the invention, the valve opens during a movement within a distance of 50% of the reciprocating piston stroke to a reversal point of the compressor piston, in particular within a distance of 20% of the piston stroke to a reversal point of the compressor piston, in particular within 10% of the piston stroke after the reversal point of the compressor piston. Within this distance, the compressor piston is accelerated back to its original speed, wherein the buffering means emits the energy stored in it back to the compressor piston.

In similar Way can a head surface of the compressor piston during a forward movement or while a movement about a distance of at least 5% of the piston stroke the float, in particular by a distance of at least 10% of the piston stroke, preferably by a distance of at least 30% of the piston stroke, extend into the dead space to that of the Interior and the compressor piston enclosed gaseous fluid to compress.

advantageously, is the compressor piston in the piston housing by means of an openings having housing wall and one through the openings flowing gaseous Fluids, in particular a coolant, guided. Such guides can work oil-free. With the help of this leadership the compressor piston is moved in the radial direction, i. in one direction transverse to the axis, stored. Because of through the openings flowing Fluids a gas cushion is generated in front of the housing wall, through which the compressor piston is mounted without contact in the piston housing.

advantageously, is a temporary storage means at both reversal points of the compressor piston provided, wherein advantageously the kinetic energy of Compressor piston with the temporary storage means during the Float intermittently by compressions of one gaseous Fluids is storable.

It can However, mixed forms are used, in which the kinetic Energy at the one reversal point by compression of the gaseous fluid is saved while at the other reversal point the kinetic energy with the help of a Spring or a spring package, in particular by means of a metallic Spring or a metallic spring package, cached.

The Caching means may also be an elastic element, in particular a spring, preferably a diaphragm spring or a diaphragm spring packet, made of composite material. A composite is a construction material, which consists of two or more different materials, e.g. Fibers, plastic, metal, ceramics. Here are in the Basic structure, a so-called matrix, at least one component, for example Fibers, stored. It tries to find the different ones Advantages of the individual materials in the final material to combine and to exclude their disadvantages. As a composite material can carbon fiber reinforced Plastics (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastics (GfK), TiGr composite, i.e. a compound of titanium, graphite and epoxy resin, as well as certain Polyaramides, in particular Polyphenylenterephthalamide (known under the brand name Kevlar), and others are used.

With a compression of the gaseous Fluids can be the kinetic energy of the compressor piston for the direction of motion reversal reliably cached be so reliable and energy-saving operation of the refrigerator is possible.

Of the Linear compressor according to the invention is particularly suitable and intended for the refrigerator according to the invention and has a piston housing and a compressor piston reciprocable along an axis therein and an intermediate storage means for the kinetic energy of the down and forth movable compressor piston, wherein the kinetic Energy of the compressor piston with the buffer means during the Float can be stored in the meantime by compressing a gaseous fluid.

The Means may be a through the piston housing and a head surface of the Compressor piston formed, in particular by the reciprocation closable Compaction space, in particular a dead space include. It points the means preferably comprises a valve which closes before the direction of movement of the compressor piston reverses and reopens after the direction of movement of the compressor piston has reversed.

The Valve can while a forward movement within a distance of 50% of the piston stroke of Reciprocation before a reversal point of the compressor piston, especially within a distance of 20% of the piston stroke a reversal point of the compressor piston, in particular within of 10% of the piston stroke before the reversal point of the compressor piston, shut down.

Also can the valve during a movement within a distance of 50% of the piston stroke the reciprocation after a reversal point of the compressor piston, especially within a distance of 20% of the piston stroke a reversal point of the compressor piston, in particular within of 10% of the piston stroke after the point of reversal of the compressor piston.

Also, a head of the Verdichterkol a distance of at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, preferably at least

In similar Way can a head surface of the compressor piston during a forward movement or while a movement about a distance of at least 5% of the piston stroke the float, in particular by a distance of at least 10% of the piston stroke, preferably by a distance of at least 30% of the piston stroke, extend into a dead space to that of the gaseous fluid enclosed in the interior and the compressor piston to compress.

Of the Compressor piston can in the piston housing by means of an opening having housing wall and one through the openings flowing gaseous Fluids, in particular a coolant, are guided.

Of the Linear compressor has in particular at both reversal points of the Compressor piston on a temporary storage means.

In order to can all described with respect to the refrigeration device Characteristics of the linear compressor on the linear compressor according to the invention applied and used in an advantageous manner. This will a linear compressor provided that is particularly robust and reliable in Operation is working and energy saving.

The inventive method for compressing a gas with the aid of a refrigerator comprising a linear compressor, wherein the linear compressor comprises a piston housing and one therein along a Axis reciprocating compressor piston, provides that a predominant one Part of the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston, in particular more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, in particular preferably essentially complete, cached using a gas cushion to reverse the direction of movement of the reciprocating compressor piston to effect.

advantageously, becomes a gaseous Fluid compressed by the movement of the compressor piston, causing the compressor piston is braked and comes to a standstill. Subsequently, the energy stored in the compression reused to the compressor piston in the opposite direction, i. in preparation, on the Amount of the original Speed up, so that in the form of a potential Energy stored energy is converted back into kinetic energy becomes. The reversal of movement can essentially be done without assistance of the drive, i. drive-free.

The Gas cushion can be generated by compressing the gaseous fluid. The gaseous fluid is in particular a refrigerant for a The refrigerator. The gas cushion however, it can also be done by compressing another gas, in particular be formed by air.

The Gas cushion is advantageously by a with the compressor piston self-compressed gaseous Formed fluid. Therefore the gas cushion is formed by an interior through the piston housing and the compressor piston is enclosed and closed shortly before the direction of movement of the compressor piston reverses. After conversion the direction of movement, the interior is opened again. The opening and close This interior is in phase with the float of the compressor piston.

The Gas cushion can also be produced with a separate gas spring become.

For example the interior can be closed by the compressor piston itself be when the interior is designed as a dead space, and the Compressor piston compresses the trapped gaseous fluid as it moves into the interior. By the compression is a deceleration of the compressor piston from the forward movement and causes an acceleration in a movement.

advantageously, becomes the interior within a period of a quarter the period length the reciprocating motion, in particular of one-eighth of the period length of the Back and forth movement, before the time of reversing the direction of movement locked. By closing the interior inside This time will be a deceleration of the compressor piston in this period causes.

Favorable Way, the interior is within a period of one quarter the period length the reciprocating motion, in particular of one-eighth of the period length of the Back and forth movement, after the moment of reversing the direction of movement open. Within this period, the compressor piston is on again his original Speed he had just before closing the interior accelerates.

The inventive method for cooling of goods uses the refrigerator according to the invention and / or the linear compressor according to the invention. Such use makes a particularly reliable, energy-saving and fast cooling of goods.

Further advantageous details or speci Elle embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to the following drawing, which is not intended to limit the present invention, but only by way of example.

It show schematically:

1 a sectional view of a linear compressor according to the invention;

2 a sectional view of a refrigerator according to the invention; and

3 a sectional view of another linear compressor according to the invention.

1 shows a sectional view of a linear compressor according to the invention 1 with a piston housing 2 in which there is a compressor piston 4 along an axis 3 between a first reversal point 8th of the compressor piston 4 and a second reversal point 9 of the compressor piston 4 moved back and forth. The kinetic energy of the compressor piston 4 is done with the help of a cache device 6 stored in the meantime, a low energy loss reversal of the direction of movement of the compressor piston 4 to effect. The linear compressor 1 has a suction connection 14 with a first valve 10 and a pressure port 15 with a second valve 11 on. With the help of the linear compressor 1 becomes a gaseous fluid 5 compacted. While at the pressure port 15 provided pressure in about 8 to 9 bar, the pressure in the compression chamber 7 slightly higher in compression for caching and is about 10 bar. This will be the first valve 10 and the second valve 11 with the help of a valve plate 16 in phase with respect to the reciprocating motion of the compressor piston 4 that drives a gas compression pad 12 in an interior 13 in front of the compressor piston 4 is formed, in which the gaseous fluid 5 is compressed. By compression of the gaseous fluid 5 in the interior 13 becomes the compressor piston 4 slowed down in its movement, its kinetic energy being essentially completely in the gas compression cushion 12 inherent potential energy is converted. The compressor piston 4 is using an openings 22 having housing wall 23 stored by a part of the fluid 5 through the openings 22 flows and thus forms a gas pressure bearing which the compressor piston 4 contactless in front of the housing wall 23 leads. The fluid required here 5 is using a feeder 17 continuously beitereit and forms between the compressor piston 4 and the housing wall 23 a gas bearing cushion 18 , The compressor piston 4 is with the help of a drive 25 via a piston rod 19 driven. The trained as a sleeve housing wall 23 is done with the help of an earring 21 sealed. To support the storage of kinetic energy by the latching means 6 serves a spring 26 , which is carbon fiber reinforced and thus lateral, ie in a direction transverse to the axis 3 directed, forces of the piston rod 19 can record.

The compressor piston 4 moves between the reversal points 8th and 9 with a piston stroke H. The compressor piston 4 is over a distance S by closing the valves 10 . 11 and formation of the gas compression pad 12 braked or accelerated again after reversing the direction of movement. The housing wall 23 forms together with the compressor piston 4 a compression room 7 when the valves 10 . 11 are closed, in which the gaseous fluid 5 can be compressed.

2 shows a sectional view of the refrigerator according to the invention 20 with the linear compressor 1 and a fridge 27 in which goods 24 , in particular food, can be cooled quickly, reliably and energy-saving.

3 shows a further embodiment of the linear compressor according to the invention 1 in a sectional view, the interior 13 as dead space 28 is designed. Whenever the compressor piston in this dead space 28 enters, the gaseous fluid 7 to form a gas cushion 12 compressed. The compressor piston 4 closes the dead space 28 himself. The advantage here is that a striking of the compressor piston 4 to the valve plate 16 even then is impossible if the valves 10 . 11 temporarily do not close properly because the dead space 28 no further in-phase closing valves needed. The valves 10 . 11 can be used alone for the suction connection 14 or the pressure connection 15 to release or close at a thermodynamically favorable time.

The invention relates to a refrigeration device 20 , in particular a refrigerator and / or freezer or an air conditioner, comprising a cold room 27 and a linear compressor 1 , where the linear compressor 1 a piston housing 2 and one along an axis 3 reciprocating compressor pistons 4 and a temporary storage means 6 for the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston 4 having, wherein the kinetic energy of the compressor piston 4 with the cache means 6 during the reciprocation is temporarily stored by compression of a gaseous fluid; a linear compressor with such a temporary storage means 6 , as well as a method for compressing a gaseous fluid 5 with the help of this refrigerator 20 and a method for cooling goods. The invention is characterized in that with the aid of gas compression, a simple and efficient intermediate storage of the ki netic energy of the moving parts in the linear compressor 1 is possible, which allows a reliable and energy-saving operation in the compression or cooling.

1

linear compressor

2

piston housing

3

axis

4

pistons compressor

5

fluid

6

Caching means for the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston 4

7

compression chamber

8th

first reversal point of the compressor piston 4

9

second reversal point of the compressor piston 4

10

first Valve

11

second Valve

12

Gas compression pad

13

inner space

14

suction

15

pressure connection

16

valve plate

17

feed

18

Gas bearing pads

19

piston rod

20

The refrigerator

21

O-ring

22

openings

23

housing wall

24

Were

25

drive

26

feather

27

refrigerator

28

dead space

29

head face

H

stroke

S

route within a piston stroke H

Claims (14)

Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ), in particular a refrigerator and / or freezer or an air conditioning system, comprising a cold room ( 27 ) and a linear compressor ( 1 ), wherein the linear compressor ( 1 ) a piston housing ( 2 ) and one along an axis ( 3 ) reciprocating compressor pistons ( 4 ) as well as an intermediate storage means ( 6 ) for the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston ( 4 ), characterized in that the kinetic energy of the compressor piston ( 4 ) with the temporary storage means ( 6 ) during the reciprocation in the meantime by compression of a gaseous fluid ( 5 ) is storable. Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means ( 6 ) one through the piston housing ( 2 ) and the compressor piston ( 4 ), in particular closed during the reciprocation, compression space ( 7 ). Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means ( 6 ) a valve ( 10 . 11 ), which closes before the direction of movement of the compressor piston ( 4 ) and opens again after the direction of movement of the compressor piston ( 4 ) has reversed. Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve ( 10 . 11 ) during a forward movement within a distance (S) of 50% of the piston stroke (H) of the reciprocation before a reversal point of the compressor piston ( 4 ), in particular within a distance (S) of 20% of the piston stroke (H) before a reversal point ( 8th . 9 ) of the compressor piston ( 4 ), in particular within 10% of the piston stroke (H) before the reversal point ( 8th . 9 ) of the compressor piston ( 4 ), concludes. Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the valve ( 10 . 11 ) during a movement within a distance of 50% of the piston stroke (H) of the reciprocating movement after a reversing point of the compressor piston ( 4 ), in particular within a distance of 20% of the piston stroke after a reversal point of the compressor piston ( 4 ), in particular within 10% of the piston stroke after the reversing point of the compressor piston ( 4 ) opens. Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor piston ( 4 ) in the piston housing ( 2 ) by means of an opening ( 22 ) housing wall ( 23 ) and one through the openings ( 22 ) flowing gaseous fluid ( 5 ), in particular a coolant is guided. Refrigeration appliance ( 20 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at both reversal points ( 8th . 9 ) of the compressor piston ( 4 ) a temporary storage means ( 6 ) is provided. Linear compressor ( 1 ), in particular suitable and intended for a refrigeration device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a piston housing ( 2 ) and one along an axis ( 3 ) reciprocating compressor pistons ( 4 ) as well as an intermediate storage means ( 6 ) for the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston ( 4 ), characterized in that the kinetic energy of the compressor piston ( 4 ) with the temporary storage means ( 6 ) during the reciprocation in the meantime by compression of a gaseous fluid ( 5 ) is storable. Method for compressing a gaseous Fluids ( 5 ) with the aid of a refrigeration device ( 20 ) comprising a linear compressor ( 1 ), wherein the linear compressor ( 1 ) a piston housing ( 2 ) and one along an axis ( 3 ) reciprocating compressor pistons ( 4 ), characterized in that a predominant part of the kinetic energy of the reciprocating compressor piston ( 4 ), in particular more than 90%, preferably substantially completely, by means of a gas cushion ( 12 ) is reversed in order to reverse the direction of movement of the reciprocating compressor piston ( 4 ) to effect. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the gas cushion ( 12 ) by a with the compressor piston ( 4 ) compressed gaseous fluid ( 5 ) is formed. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the gas cushion ( 12 ) is formed by a through the piston housing ( 2 ) and the compressor piston ( 4 ) formed interior ( 13 ) is closed before the direction of movement of the compressor piston ( 4 ) is reversed and opened again after the direction of movement of the compressor piston ( 4 ) has reversed. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the interior ( 13 ) is closed within a period of ¼ of the period length of the reciprocating motion, in particular of 1/8 of the period length of the reciprocating motion, before the time of reversing the direction of movement. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the interior ( 13 ) is opened within a period of ¼ of the period length of the reciprocating motion, in particular of 1/8 of the period length of the reciprocating motion, after the time of reversing the direction of movement. Method for cooling goods ( 24 ) with the aid of a refrigeration device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7 and / or of a linear compressor ( 1 ) according to claim 8.