DE102006004107A1 - Spray head for cooling forging and press tools has a thin layer sandwich construction with integral membrane valves - Google Patents

Abstract

A compact, low inertial mass spray head for cooling forging and press tools is made from several thin layers in a sandwich construction. A pattern of spray jets are provided with close mounted membrane valves and supplied by ducts between the sandwich layers. The spray head directs a mixture of fluids and air to remove debris, cool the dies and apply a lubricating film between press cycles.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for cooling and / or lubricating at least a die of a lower die and a moving up and down Upper die having forming machine, in particular a drop forging press, with a spray arm or the like between two forming strokes in the working space between Lower and upper die is swung in and a spray head with several nozzles wearing, for cooling lubrication a mixture of a spray medium and atomize compressed air on the die, with the spray head on an operating medium supply unit is connected and the Nozzles for Control of the volume flow of spray medium and spray air valves assigned.

at Forming machines, the workpieces to manufacture in a repetitive manner, the tool, primarily the lower tool or the die, lubricated and / or blown out be a proper function to ensure. The spray systems used here meet the type mentioned essentially the following tasks, namely liberation of the dies of scale after conversion, cooling of the die surface on Basic tool temperature, application of a lubricant layer and Blow out the optionally after spraying, especially in the lower slopes remaining residual moisture. For high-speed automated Forge plants stands for this altogether only a very small time window (about maximally 0,4s to 1s) available.

In the case of closed-die forging presses with automatic workpiece transports, in which the workpiece transport is carried out by lifting beams in the tool room, there is no time gap between the one and the other forged parts, but the workpiece transport takes place continuously within the tool room of the forging press. In these systems, usually every second forging operation is forged, that is, during the automatic process, only every second forming station is occupied by a workpiece. The blowing out and spraying of the dies can only be done in this case if the dies are free from the workpiece and no press stroke is currently being carried out. Therefore, provided with the spray heads, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically controlled spray arms can only then retract into the tool room when the press ram has stopped at top dead center. This means that from the anyway only briefly available blowing and spraying a not inconsiderable part is lost through control and monitoring times. To make this possible in time is through the DE 195 17 109 A1 a Formsprühvorrichtung with a sensor unit comprising control known.

Furthermore are more special features of automated forging plants and to comply with requirements. So is the for the design of the spray heads for disposal standing space due to the limited press stroke and by the necessary Movement space of other assemblies, such as the aforementioned transfer devices, limited. Due to the high occurring accelerations in the Swinging in and out of the spray arm The mass of the spray heads may be one do not exceed certain value. At the same time, however, process reliability and economy are becoming more important essentially by the quality of the installed spray system affected. One on the thermal load of the die optimal coordinated spray distribution prevents excessive wear or improper build up of scale and leads thus to a prolonged Die life.

The minimization of the specific amount of sprayer per part is becoming increasingly important in economic terms, since the procurement and, above all, the disposal or treatment of the remainder of the spray residue causes an increasing proportion of the unit costs. From the DE 196 12 411 A1 For this purpose, a container for receiving and for holding the right amount of lubricant and a device for the repeated output of this amount on die and workpiece surfaces during actuation of a piston arranged in the container known. Valves are provided to allow circulation of the lubricant in the container during intervals where no lubricant batches are dispensed to the die surfaces and interrupt the flow of lubricant within the container to allow a charge to be trapped within the container. This held charge is then directed to the die surfaces by actuation of the piston. So that the container holds exactly the amount of lubricant to be supplied to the die surface, its working volume is adjustable. After dispensing this amount, the valves are opened so that lubricant can again flow through the container and be sprayed through nozzles.

When forging parts in which the amount of heat introduced into the dies by the forming process is limited (eg connecting rods), the cooling lubrication of the dies takes place with a mixture of spraying agent / water and compressed air, which is atomised together through nozzles. The valves for controlling the volume flow of spray / water and compressed air on the spray arm are arranged in operating sprayers in spatial distance to the spray head, as by the DE-OS 25 26 900 become known. The mixture of spray / water and compressed air takes place in the transition from the spray arm in the spray head, wherein a plurality of nozzles arranged in the spray head are supplied together with the mixture of spray / water and compressed air. A disadvantage is to look at these spray systems that emerges by the spatial separation of valves and Verdüsungsort after opening the valves only with a delay spoiled spray / water from the nozzles of the spray head, which is particularly problematic in automated forging plants with the short time windows there ,

The Mixture of spray / water and compressed air tends as well to segregation. Furthermore, between the jointly supplied According to experience, nozzles strong different pressure and flow conditions on, which is an unwanted, lead different behavior of the nozzles with each other. The usually requires preliminary tests and re-optimization because the behavior, if any, because it is very unsteady, only mathematically predictable with considerable simulation effort is. After all have to due to the high operating pressure of these spray systems (eg compressed air 6 bar and water / spray 20 bar), the piping and the spray heads are designed to be constructive that she withstand these high pressures. Hereby are on the one hand large Masses of spray heads and On the other hand, high production costs inevitable. It can be not on different nozzles different spraying times Adaptation to the cooling lubricant requirement the die surface enable.

Therefore, two-fluid nozzles have already been used on the spray arms of the spray systems (cf. DE 195 11 272 Although some improvements are made, such as the prevention of segregation and the limitation of differences in pressure and flow conditions between the nozzles, there is still a time lag due to the spatial separation of valves and atomization location. Because of the required space for such equipped spray heads in high-speed forging plants with the local space limitations, they can often not be accommodated. In addition, the conventional two-fluid nozzles have construction-specific only small bore diameters, which endanger the reliability because they can gradually become clogged with Sprühmittelzusätzen.

Of the Invention is therefore the object of a generic device without creating the mentioned disadvantages, in particular both the during operation in high-speed forging plants with a view to space and mass restrictions and lower manufacturing costs to the spray heads demands as well as in terms of operating options and functional reliability the nozzles to fulfill.

These Task is inventively characterized solved, that the spray nozzle by sandwiching panels in sandwich construction and in the plates for the spray medium and the compressed air from each other separate feed channels are formed. It can be This, on the one hand, by layering different, thinner plates of a few millimeters thick, which are joined to a package, taking If necessary, the plates by gaskets, gluing or soldering each other let seal, reach a flat spray head, so that the existing Space limitations mean no use restriction. on the other hand can the spray nozzle simultaneously with two-fluid nozzles train, because in the plates at once the supply channels at least for spray / water and for provide the compressed air. The thin plates used allow it to pass through In particular, laser technology in a simple way, the channels with complex Forming forms. The reduced necessary operating pressures of in the sandwich spray head reached two-fluid nozzles allow a reduction in the mass of the spray heads, since the plates are load-dependent Steel, light metals or plastics. The sandwich construction also reduces the manufacturing costs, as elaborate manufacturing and joining operations as in the usual Sprühköpfen omitted. Due to the separate feeder of spray medium (Spray / water) and compressed air are prevented from segregation.

A preferred embodiment the invention provides that the Valves in the spray head even in the immediate vicinity the nozzles arranged as diaphragm valves and provided in the plates Feed channels to the Control medium, preferably control air, are connected. Because thus a spatial Separation of valves and atomization location avoid, results from the achieved reduction of the time delay between valve opening and atomization start optimal use of only very small available Time window.

The immediate, possible adjacent to the nozzle integration of diaphragm valves for the control of the spray / water flow rate, possibly also the compressed air flow rate, advantageously allows an embodiment of the invention such that each valve controls the flow rate of at least one nozzle and the valves different in time and with variable flow rates can be controlled. It can be ver to cool and / or lubricate different areas of the die surface by varying the timing of the valves with different amounts. It is within the scope of the technical possibilities, advantageous to combine several nozzles to nozzle groups.

To In one embodiment of the invention, the volume flow reaches when the valve is open of the spray medium over a Inlet channel in a connection space, the interposition a drain channel to a spray medium nozzle outlet providing, in a carrier plate held outlet pipe is connected with its spray medium nozzle exit in a compressed air outlet opening of an outer end plate ends and be between the carrier plate and the end plate extending center portion of a swirl chamber is surrounded, in which the compressed air supply channel opens. Every spray nozzle will thus from the outlet end of the outlet tube and this with Distance formed concentrically surrounding compressed air outlet opening. That opened by the ge Diaphragm valve in the outlet pipe entering spray medium is from the introduced into the swirl chamber, there swirled compressed air on the outlet opening entrained, mixed with the compressed air and on the die (s) sprayed. The bore diameter of the outlet tube can be sufficiently large, preferably not smaller than 1.5 mm, since the outlet pipe is designed in the sandwich spray head no restrictions subject, which would require smaller diameter.

One achieved by layering different plates achieved inventive inventive sandwich spray head advantageous from the nozzle exit end starting from the outer end plate, an intermediate plate, a compressed air supply channel plate, the outlet tube support plate, a control air plate, a plurality of diaphragm valve plates, a spray medium supply passage plate and an impermeable one Headstock together. When the spray head according to the invention for simultaneous cooling and / or Lubricate both the lower and the upper die used is to be closed The top plate is a sandwich plate assembly in reverse order as mentioned before to the outside or at the top, i. the upper die is then also an outer, the Spray nozzles having end plate facing.

Further Details and features of the invention will become apparent from the claims and the following description of illustrated in the drawings embodiments the invention. Show it:

1 as a detail of a known as such forming machine whose for cooling and / or lubrication of lower and / or upper die in the working space retractable spray head, shown in a side view, which is attached to a cyclically retractable and extendable, not shown manipulator or spray arm ;

2 the spray head designed in sandwich construction by layering different plates 1 in the plan view;

3 a section through the spray head along the line III-III of 2 ; and

4 a sectional view as in accordance with 3 , but by a spray head, in contrast, also has integrated diaphragm valves.

An illustrated in the figures, by stratification of thin plates, based on the 3 and 4 to be described in more detail, executed in sandwich construction, flat-building and thus lower spray head 1 is used for temporary introduction between the dies of a forming machine with its one spray head end 2 on a driven, not shown manipulator device, such as a spray arm, is attached. The sandwich composite of the flat-building spray head 1 is held together by numerous, on the plate assembly circumferentially arranged circumferentially, not shown clamping screws.

The spray head 1 according to the embodiment is designed for simultaneous cooling lubrication of lower and upper die and therefore consists of a Untergesenkplattenaufbau 1a and a top die plate construction 1b , Between these two structures is a closed, impermeable head plate 3 arranged (see the 3 and 4 ). At its connection side spray head 2 owns the spray head 1 Connections to an external supply unit (not shown) comprising a tank, pumps, pressure regulators, etc, and to the supply line to the lower die plate assembly 1a or upper die plate assembly 1b a lower sprayer port 4a and an upper sprayer port 4b (see. 1 ) as well as side by side a lower spray air connection 5a and an upper spray air port 5b (see. 2 ) having.

Both in the outer end plate 6a the Untergesenkplattenaufbaus 1a as well as in the outer end plate 6b of the upper die plate construction 1b (see the 3 and 4 ) are numerous two-fluid nozzles 7 trained whose design is closer to the 3 and 4 and of which in 2 the nozzle exits can be seen. In 2 is further to recognize that several Two-fluid nozzles 7 are grouped into groups I and II, respectively.

In the sandwich composite are between the top plate 3 and the outer end plate 6a respectively. 6b an intermediate plate 8th , a compressed air supply channel plate 9 , a support plate 10 with an outlet tube held therein 11 and a spray medium supply channel plate 12 locked in. The above the lower or upper Sprühmittelanschluß 4a respectively. 4b introduced spray enters a spray medium feed channel plate 12 incorporated channel 13 , which in connection with the bore diameter of the outlet pipe 11 stands, whose middle section 14 from one in the intermediate plate 8th and the compressed air supply channel plate 9 trained swirl chamber 15 is surrounded.

The of the bore diameter of the outlet pipe 11 given spray medium nozzle exit 16 ends flush with the outer end plate 6a respectively. 6b in a formed in this compressed air outlet opening 17 , In the swirl chamber 15 opens into the compressed air supply channel plate 9 integrated compressed air or spray air duct 18 , via the lower or upper spray air connection 5a respectively. 5b supplied with the pressure / spray air. This swirls in the swirl chamber 15 , escapes from the compressed air outlet 17 with simultaneous mixing with that from the spray medium nozzle outlet 16 the outlet pipe 11 escaping spray medium, so that this mixture is sprayed on the lower or upper die. By segregated in the plate composite supply lines on the one hand spray medium and on the other hand pressure / control air no segregation processes take place.

At the in 4 shown as a partial section sandwich construction of another embodiment of a spray head are the Untergesenkplattenaufbau 1a and the upper die plate construction 1b with the previously based on the 3 described construction in terms of the use of the outer end plate 6a respectively. 6b , the intermediate plate 8th , the compressed air supply plate 9 and the carrier plate 10 coincidentally, so that the corresponding reference numbers have not all been re-registered. Here is added that in the plate assemblies adjacent to the two-fluid nozzles 7 also valves 19 formed as consisting of several very thin plates diaphragm valves 20 , are integrated. These are enclosed between the spray medium feed channel plate 12 in which a spray medium feed channel 13 and separated from this one to the outlet pipe 11 leading connection room 23 are formed, and an additional, the support plate 10 directly adjacent control air plate 21 in which at least one control air duct 26 is trained. For the control air plate 21 are in addition to the in 2 shown connections 4a . 4b and 5a . 5b still control air connections (not shown) on the building-side spray head 2 intended.

The diaphragm valve 20 exists in the embodiment according to 4 showing the closed valve position of four opposite the lower die plate assembly 1a or upper die plate assembly 1b again thinner plates 20a . 20b . 20c and 20d , Hereof have the two lower plates 20a and 20b first feed openings 24 and 25 connected to the control air duct 26 communicate, and second feed openings 27 respectively. 27a on, over one in the control air plate 21 located feed opening 31a with the outlet pipe 11 keep in touch. The upper membrane plate 20d is one with the spray medium feed channel 13 communicating feed opening 28 , one with the connection room 23 related further feed opening 29 and congruent with the feed openings 27 and 27a with a feed opening 30 provided in the underlying thin plate or membrane 20c a similar Zuführöff opening 31 followed. The aligned superimposed feed openings 27 . 27a . 30 . 31 form with the feed opening 31a altogether a drainage channel 32 to the outlet pipe 11 ,

The thus adjacent to the two-fluid nozzles 7 arranged valves 19 or diaphragm valves 20 lead to a significant reduction in the time delay between valve opening and atomization start. The valve 19 respectively. 20 opens when over the control air duct 26 the control air is discharged, so that due to the pressure of the spray medium in the Sprühmediumzuführkanal 13 the membrane 20c from the upper membrane plate 20d lifts and over the then open feed openings 28 and 29 via the spray medium feed channel 13 introduced spraying medium over the connecting space 23 and the drainage channel 32 to the outlet pipe 11 can get.

The connection of the spray medium feed channel 13 with the outlet pipe 11 is interrupted and thus the Sprühmittelaustritt stopped when the membrane 20c through the control air channel 26 and the feed openings 24 and 25 pressurized, thus against the upper membrane plate 20d is pressed and the feed openings 28 and 29 closes.

The sandwich construction of the spray head 1 allows in any case, that is, even if the valves 19 respectively. 20 are integrated with a very low, flat cooling lubrication unit, which can be provided without space problems due to space limitations for the cooling lubrication of lower and / or upper die of a forming machine.

Claims (7)

Device for cooling and / or lubricating at least one die of a lower die and a reciprocating upper die having forming machine, in particular a drop forging press, with a spray arm or the like, which is pivoted between two forming strokes in the working space between lower and upper die and a Sprayer head carries a plurality of nozzles for atomizing a mixture of a spray medium and compressed air on the die for cooling lubrication, wherein the spray head is connected to an operating medium supply unit and associated with the nozzles for controlling the volume flow of spray medium and spray air valves, characterized in that the spray head ( 1 ) is carried out by lamination of panels in sandwich construction and in the plates for the spray medium and the compressed air from each other separate feed channels ( 13 . 18 ) are formed. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the valves ( 19 ) in the spray head ( 1 ) even in the immediate vicinity of the nozzles ( 7 ), as diaphragm valves ( 20 ) and provided in the plates feed channels ( 28 ) are connected to the control medium, preferably control air. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each valve ( 19 ; 20 ) the volume flow of at least one nozzle ( 7 ) and the valves ( 19 ; 20 ) are different in time and can be controlled with variable volume flows. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that when the valve is open ( 19 ; 20 ) the volume flow of the spray medium via an inlet channel ( 29 ) into a connection room ( 23 ), with the interposition of a flow channel ( 32 ) to a spray medium nozzle exit ( 16 ), in a carrier plate ( 10 ) outlet pipe ( 11 ), with its spray medium nozzle exit ( 16 ) in a compressed air outlet opening ( 17 ) an outer end plate ( 6a ; 6b ) ends and be between the carrier plate ( 10 ) and the end plate ( 6a ; 6b ) middle section ( 14 ) from a swirl chamber ( 15 ) is surrounded, in which the compressed air supply channel ( 18 ) opens. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spray head ( 1 ) from the nozzle exit end upwards composed of the outer end plate ( 6a ; 6b ), an intermediate plate ( 8th ), a compressed air supply channel plate ( 9 ), the outlet tube support plate ( 10 ), a control air plate ( 21 ), several diaphragm valve plates ( 20a . 20b . 20c . 20d ), a spray medium feed channel plate ( 12 ) and an impermeable head plate ( 3 ). Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bore diameter of the outlet pipe ( 11 ) is not smaller than 1.5 mm. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a plurality of nozzles ( 19 ; 20 ) to nozzle groups (I; II) are summarized.