DE102005063518B4 - Layer composition, has central layer which comprises oblong shaped gutter element whereby gutter element has arch-shaped at cross section in transverse direction and arc end point of base point is designed on first surrounding layer - Google Patents
Layer composition, has central layer which comprises oblong shaped gutter element whereby gutter element has arch-shaped at cross section in transverse direction and arc end point of base point is designed on first surrounding layer Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005063518B4 DE102005063518B4 DE200510063518 DE102005063518A DE102005063518B4 DE 102005063518 B4 DE102005063518 B4 DE 102005063518B4 DE 200510063518 DE200510063518 DE 200510063518 DE 102005063518 A DE102005063518 A DE 102005063518A DE 102005063518 B4 DE102005063518 B4 DE 102005063518B4
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Images
Classifications
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von aus verschiedenen Schichten aufgebauten, so genannten Sandwich-Materialien wie insbesondere einem Schichtaufbau mit mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten umgebenden Schicht und einer dazwischen liegenden Mittelschicht.The invention is based on so-called sandwich materials composed of different layers, in particular a layer structure having at least a first and a second surrounding layer and an intermediate middle layer therebetween.
Bekannt sind Sandwich-Materialien zum Beispiel bei Holzplatten, in der Halbleitertechnik oder in der Textilindustrie.Sandwich materials are known, for example, in wood panels, in semiconductor technology or in the textile industry.
Durch den schichtweisen Aufbau kann je nach Material und Anordnung der Schichten beispielsweise eine erhöhte Stabilität sowie Gewichtsersparnis gegenüber einheitlichen Materialien erreicht werden. Dabei besteht ein besonderes Interesse an einem Sandwich-Material beispielsweise in der Fahrzeugtechnik im Karosseriebau, und in der Luft- und Raumfahrt, wo leichte, aber sehr stabile und gut Energie absorbierende Materialien benötigt werden, wie der Stand der Technik gemäß
Jedoch sind die bisher bekannten Sandwich-Materialien nicht gleichzeitig sehr leicht, sehr steif und stabil und zusätzlich gute Energieabsorber bei Stößen mit relativ kleiner Stoßfläche.However, the hitherto known sandwich materials are not at the same time very light, very rigid and stable and, in addition, good energy absorbers in the event of impacts with a relatively small impact surface.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung einen verbesserten Schichtaufbau mit mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten umgebenden Schicht und einer dazwischen liegenden Mittelschicht bereitzustellen.It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved layer structure with at least a first and a second surrounding layer and an intermediate middle layer therebetween.
Der erfindungsgemäße Schichtaufbau mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 löst diese Aufgabe.The layer structure according to the invention with the features of claim 1 solves this problem.
Vor allem die erfindungsgemäße Mittelschicht, aufgebaut aus länglich geformten Rinnenelementen mit bogenförmigem Querschnitt in Querrichtung, der durch einen Ellipsenabschnitt gebildet wird, für deren Halbachsenverhältnis 1,5 < b/a < 10 gilt, verleiht dem Schichtaufbau eine sehr hohe Stabilität insbesondere hinsichtlich Längsverbiegungen und bewirkt gleichzeitig, dass der Schichtaufbau bei Verwendung stabiler und leichter Ausgangsmaterialien in Bezug zu seinem Volumen sehr leicht ist. Ferner ist in vorteilhafter Weise der Schichtaufbau mit dem erfindungsgemäßen bogenförmigen Querschnitt der Rinnenelemente der Mittelschicht ein guter Energieabsorber bei Druckeinwirkung und anderen äußeren Krafteinwirkungen auf eine der umgebenen Schichten. Der Schichtaufbau weist also gleichzeitig eine hohe Stabilität, ein geringes Gewicht und eine gute Energieabsorption bei Druckeinwirkung auf die Spitzbögen auf.In particular, the middle layer according to the invention, constructed of elongated shaped channel elements with arcuate cross-section in the transverse direction, which is formed by an elliptical section, for the half-axis ratio 1.5 <b / a <10, gives the layer structure a very high stability, in particular with respect to Längsverbiegungen and causes at the same time, the layer construction is very light when using stable and light starting materials in relation to its volume. Furthermore, the layer structure with the arc-shaped cross section of the channel elements of the middle layer according to the invention is advantageously a good energy absorber under pressure and other external forces acting on one of the surrounding layers. The layer structure thus has at the same time a high stability, a low weight and a good energy absorption when pressure is applied to the pointed arcs.
Da der bogenförmige Querschnitt der Rinnenelemente durch einen Ellipsenabschnitt gebildet wird, erhält der Schichtaufbau eine besonders gute Stabilität, die in vorteilhafter Weise dadurch optimiert wird, dass der Ellipsenabschnitt eine an einer der Ellipsenhauptachsen halbierte Ellipse bildet.Since the arcuate cross-section of the channel elements is formed by an ellipse section, the layer structure is given a particularly good stability, which is advantageously optimized by the ellipse section forming an ellipse halved on one of the ellipse main axes.
In den Unteransprüchen finden sich weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des jeweiligen Gegenstandes der Erfindung.In the subclaims there are further advantageous developments and improvements of the respective subject of the invention.
Die Bogenform kann in weiten Bereichen variiert werden. Sie sollte aber spitz genug zulaufen, damit sie nicht oder nur sehr schwer eingedellt wird und damit ihre Druckfestigkeit verliert.The arch shape can be varied within wide ranges. However, it should be tapered enough so that it is not or only very heavily indented and thus loses its compressive strength.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Schichtaufbau aus übereinander geschichteten Schichtpaketen der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei sich in der Schichtenfolge umgebene Schichten und Mittelschichten abwechseln, und wobei die Bögen der Rinnenelemente der Mittelschichten formgleich ausgestaltet sind, und wobei die Bögen einer Mittelschicht zu denen aller anderen Mittelschichten unversetzt übereinander liegen (Bogen über Bogen). Dieser Schichtaufbau ist insbesondere aufgrund der Gleichförmigkeit und wegen der stützenden Wirkung der unversetzt übereinander liegenden Bögen besonders stabil und fest. Diese gilt vor allem für Krafteinwirkungen senkrecht zu den Schichtebenen. So genannte „Fußlinien” sind im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung solche Linien, die die Fußpunkte in Längsrichtung auf einer umgebenen Schicht ausbilden. Dabei sind die Fußpunkte die Bogenendpunkte des bogenförmigen Querschnitts in Querrichtung der länglich geformten Rinnenelemente einer Mittelschicht.An advantageous development of the present invention is a layer structure of stacked layer packages of the present invention, wherein in the layer sequence surrounded layers and middle layers alternate, and wherein the arches of the channel elements of the middle layers are designed the same shape, and wherein the arches of a middle layer to those of all others Middle layers lie one on top of the other (sheet over sheet). This layer structure is particularly stable and strong, in particular because of the uniformity and because of the supporting effect of the unopposed superimposed sheets. This is especially true for force effects perpendicular to the layer planes. For the purposes of the present application, so-called "foot lines" are lines which form the foot points in the longitudinal direction on a surrounding layer. The foot points are the arc end points of the arcuate cross section in the transverse direction of the elongated channel elements of a middle layer.
So genannte „Kammlinien” sind die Linien, die die Kammabschnittte eines Rinnenelements in Längsrichtung ausbilden. Dabei ist ein Kammabschnitt der der Bogenkuppe des bogenförmigen Querschnitts zugeordnete Abschnitt eines Rinnenelements.So-called "ridge lines" are the lines that form the comb portion of a gutter element in the longitudinal direction. In this case, a comb portion of the arc of the arcuate cross section associated portion of a gutter element.
Bevorzugt liegen Kammlinien über Kammlinien und Fußlinien über Fußlinien, jeweils unversetzt.Preferably ridge lines are over ridge lines and foot lines over foot lines, each unsecured.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Schichtausbaus ist bei jeder Mittelschicht wenigsten eine Teilmenge jeweils der Fußlinien und der an der zweiten umgebenen Schicht anliegenden Kammlinien mit der entsprechend angrenzenden, umgebenen Schicht fest verbunden. Dadurch wird eine höhere Festigkeit des Schichtaufbaus erreicht, die in vorteilhafter Weise durch eine feste Verbindung aller Fußlinien und Kammlinien mit den angrenzenden Schichten optimiert wird. Als Verbindungstechnik kommen alle für solche Fälle übliche, materialabhängige Techniken in Frage, also insbesondere Verkleben und Verschweißen.According to an advantageous development of the layer construction according to the invention, at least one subset of the foot lines and the ridge lines adjacent to the second layer are fixedly connected to the corresponding adjacent, surrounding layer at each middle layer. As a result, a higher strength of the layer structure is achieved, which is optimized in an advantageous manner by a firm connection of all the foot lines and ridges with the adjacent layers. As connection technology, all usual for such cases, Material-dependent techniques in question, ie in particular bonding and welding.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist deren Ausgestaltung als Bauelement, insbesondere in Quaderform, was eine einfache Handhabung beim Zusammensetzen eines größeren Stücks ermöglicht.An advantageous development of the present invention is its configuration as a component, in particular in cuboid shape, which allows easy handling when assembling a larger piece.
Eine weitere Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Schichtaufbaus ist dessen Ausgestaltung als Karosserieteil für Flugzeuge und/oder Land- und/oder Wasserfahrzeuge. Er hat für diese Verkehrsmittel den Vorteil, sowohl leicht als auch stabil zu sein.Another variant of the layer structure according to the invention is its configuration as a body part for aircraft and / or land and / or water vehicles. It has the advantage of being both light and stable for these modes of transport.
Gemäß einer weiteren, vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung hat die vorliegende Erfindung die Form einer Platte. Diese ist beispielsweise in vorteilhafter Weise als feste und gut Energie absorbierende Bodenplatte oder als Grundbaustein für alle flächenartigen Gegenstände einsetzbar.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the present invention has the form of a plate. This can be used, for example, advantageously as a solid and good energy absorbing base plate or as a basic building block for all sheet-like objects.
Ein erfindugsgemäßer Schichtaufbau, der als Material Kohlefaser oder Aluminium enthält, hat den Vorteil, besonders leicht aber dennoch stabil zu sein. Eine sehr hohe Stabilität wird durch Stahl als Material des erfindungsgemäßen Schichtaufbaus erreicht.A layer structure according to the invention which contains carbon fiber or aluminum as the material has the advantage of being particularly light but nevertheless stable. A very high stability is achieved by steel as the material of the layer structure according to the invention.
Auch die Ausfüllung der Bogeninnenräume mindestens einer Mittelschicht mit Füllstoff verbessert die Stabilität des erfindungsgemäßen Schichtaufbaus. Die Bogeninnenräume sind die Räume zwischen der ersten umgebenen Schicht und den Bögen der Rinnenelemente. Mit dem Füllstoff Watte ergibt sich durch hohe Energieabsorption eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Messerstiche, selbst wenn das Material der äußeren umgebenen Schicht von der Messerspitze durchstoßen wird.The filling of the arc interiors of at least one middle layer with filler improves the stability of the layer structure according to the invention. The arch interiors are the spaces between the first surrounding layer and the arches of the channel elements. With the filler wadding results from high energy absorption a high resistance to knife wounds, even if the material of the outer surrounding layer is pierced by the knife tip.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigen:Show it:
In den Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Komponenten.In the figures, the same reference numerals designate the same or functionally identical components.
In
Die Bogenendpunkte bilden Fußpunkte
Die Rinnenelemente
Die Kammabschnitte
Die Mittelschicht
In
In
Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels vorstehend beschrieben wurde, ist sie darauf nicht beschränkt, sondern auf vielfältige Weise modifizierbar.Although the present invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not limited thereto, but can be modified in a variety of ways.
Beispielsweise zeigt
Form D (Kreis) und E sind weniger gut geeignet und nicht erfindungsgemäß.Form D (circle) and E are less suitable and not according to the invention.
Schließlich können sich noch Variationen der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele in den Formen ergeben, wenn bestimmte Materialien in bestimmten Materialstärken verwendet werden.Finally, variations of the preferred embodiments in the molds may result when using certain materials in certain thicknesses of material.
Folgende weitere Verwendungen kommen für den erfindungsgemäßen Schichtaufbau in Betracht:
Körperschutzwesten, insbesondere kugelsichere Westen, indem die Bögen aus einem flexiblen Material und die Füllräume mit dem dafür einschlägig bekannten Füllstoffen angefüllt sind.The following further uses are suitable for the layer structure according to the invention:
Body vests, in particular bulletproof vests, in that the sheets of flexible material and the filling spaces are filled with the relevant known fillers.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200510063518 DE102005063518B4 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | Layer composition, has central layer which comprises oblong shaped gutter element whereby gutter element has arch-shaped at cross section in transverse direction and arc end point of base point is designed on first surrounding layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200510063518 DE102005063518B4 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | Layer composition, has central layer which comprises oblong shaped gutter element whereby gutter element has arch-shaped at cross section in transverse direction and arc end point of base point is designed on first surrounding layer |
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DE102005063518B4 true DE102005063518B4 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
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DE200510063518 Expired - Fee Related DE102005063518B4 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | Layer composition, has central layer which comprises oblong shaped gutter element whereby gutter element has arch-shaped at cross section in transverse direction and arc end point of base point is designed on first surrounding layer |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016033412A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Elastomer having tear reducing contoured edges |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3327659A1 (en) * | 1983-07-30 | 1985-02-14 | MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE BODY FROM CERAMIC OR FIBER-REINFORCED CERAMIC, AND A SANDWICH PRODUCTION PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
DE3739250A1 (en) * | 1986-11-20 | 1988-05-26 | Dunlop Ltd | BLACKBOARD |
DE19908244A1 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-07 | Mtj Naturfaser Ohg | Method for producing a sandwich plate consisting at least of two layers involves heating and thermal forming by means of a fluid of at least one layer so that a hollow space is produced between the two layers |
WO2001012499A2 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-22 | Schelde Maritiem B.V. | Collision-resistant structure |
WO2001033005A1 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-05-10 | Avesta Polarit Ab (Publ) | Spacer element |
-
2005
- 2005-10-26 DE DE200510063518 patent/DE102005063518B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3327659A1 (en) * | 1983-07-30 | 1985-02-14 | MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE BODY FROM CERAMIC OR FIBER-REINFORCED CERAMIC, AND A SANDWICH PRODUCTION PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
DE3739250A1 (en) * | 1986-11-20 | 1988-05-26 | Dunlop Ltd | BLACKBOARD |
DE19908244A1 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-07 | Mtj Naturfaser Ohg | Method for producing a sandwich plate consisting at least of two layers involves heating and thermal forming by means of a fluid of at least one layer so that a hollow space is produced between the two layers |
WO2001012499A2 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-22 | Schelde Maritiem B.V. | Collision-resistant structure |
WO2001033005A1 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-05-10 | Avesta Polarit Ab (Publ) | Spacer element |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016033412A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Elastomer having tear reducing contoured edges |
CN107076240A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-08-18 | 斯凯孚公司 | Elastomer with the contour edge for reducing tear |
CN107076240B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2020-07-28 | 斯凯孚公司 | Elastomeric article with tear reducing contoured edge |
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