DE102005060101A1 - Frame-shaped spacer for insulation glass pane, has hollow profile bar with recess that run out of inner wall and extends into flanges in direction of outer wall, and angular piece with sides that are connected using joint - Google Patents

Abstract

The spacer has a hollow profile bar (1) that comprises an outer wall (2), flanges (3, 4) and an inner wall (5). The hollow profile bar has a recess that runs out of the inner wall and extends into the flanges in the direction of the outer wall. An angular piece is arranged in the hollow profile bar and has sides that are connected using a joint. The sides are fixed in a position in which they possess a given angle. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a frame-shaped spacer for an insulation glass pane.

Description

spacer for insulating glass panes usually consist of hollow profile rods made of aluminum or stainless steel containing a free-flowing desiccant, usually Molecular sieves. It is the job of the desiccant, in the insulating glass pane bind existing moisture, thus under the occurring temperatures in the insulating glass pane, the dew point is not exceeded. Metallic spacers are usually made in one piece today Hollow section bar bent. After bending, the two become each other opposite Ends of the hollow profile bar assembled by means of a connector and thereby a closed frame formed. The hollow profile bars to be bent usually by connectors consecutively with each other connected. The spacers can Therefore, several connectors included. Such frame-shaped metallic spacers are characterized by good mechanical stability. But you have that Disadvantage that they have a thermal bridge between form the individual glass panes of the insulating glass pane.

Around to reduce the effectiveness of the thermal bridge, are spacer frames made of metallic U-profiles, made of thermoplastic Solid profiles, which are extruded directly onto a pane of glass, and made of plastic hollow sections known which as well as spacers from metallic hollow profile bars with a grainy, free-flowing desiccant filled become.

spacer made of plastic hollow profiles have only a low thermal conductivity, so that they are in desired Way the heat transfer obstruct between the individual glass panes of an insulating glass pane. The disadvantage, however, is that hollow profile bars made of plastic not too bend the square frame when using it for use as a spacer have required hardness and strength in insulating glass panes. This is especially true for Hollow section bars made of glass fiber reinforced plastic Well could Remember, spacer frames made of hollow plastic profiles thereby forming, that you just hollow profile sections, which the legs of the frame-shaped Form spacers by joining together elbows Metal is stuck in the ends of the hollow section sections where they are claw with barbs. These from earlier times in manufacturing However, known from metallic spacers technology is laborious and leads to spacer frame, which due to lack of rigidity in Corner area are unstable and not easy to handle and with the required precision Glue on a piece of glass. In addition, spacer frames, which have such milled corners, in view of the fact that insulating glass panes hermetically sealed against the ingress of moisture at its edge have to be unfavorable. Furthermore form their metallic elbows at the corners of the spacer undesirable Thermal bridges.

It is also known to form spacers made of metal hollow profile rods, by individual hollow profile bars be connected at the corners of the spacer by elbows, which two limbs connected by a joint which are in a position in which the legs form a right angle with each other, with each other are latched. For this purpose, the individual hollow profile bars are first in straight line connected, continuous at their flanks provided with an adhesive sealant and then by pivoting the hollow profile bars formed around the joint of each elbow to a frame and this inserted through a in the ends of the hollow profile bar Linear connector closed. Such a design of the corners leads to labile spacers with the above disadvantages.

To produce spacers made of plastic hollow profile bars in one piece, it is from the EP 0 947 659 A2 and from the EP 1 030 024 A2 already known, the hollow profile bars at the points where corners are to be formed, disengage by V-shaped cuts are generated, the tips of which extend to the outer wall of the hollow profile strip in the finished spacer. For forming a frame only the outer wall is bent at the notched points of the hollow profile bar. In this way, although you get spacers, which also have a closed outer wall at the corners, but because the legs of the spacer at the corners are related only on their outer wall, the frame is an unstable structure and still needs to be stabilized. For this purpose it is from the EP 0 947 659 A2 and from the EP 1 030 024 A2 known to inject in the corner regions of the spacer frame through an opening in one of its flanks a thermoplastic material, which bridges the corners and the spacer after cooling and hardening of the plastic gives the necessary stability. The disadvantage is that it takes a comparatively long time until the plastic has cooled and solidified. To shorten the time, it is from the EP 1 030 024 A2 It is known to transfer the spacer being produced after injection of the plastic while maintaining the angle of the bent corner in a special curing zone. This procedure is time consuming and expensive.

Of the present invention is based on the object, a possibility show how hollow profile bars with less effort a frame-shaped Spacers are made with curved corners for insulating glass can. The invention is also intended for the use of hollow profile rods Plastic are suitable.

These Task is by a spacer frame with the in claim 1 specified characteristics and by a process for its preparation solved with the features specified in claim 34. Advantageous developments The invention are specified in the subclaims.

Of the inventive spacer for insulating glass panes is formed of a hollow profile rod and accordingly has an outer wall, two flanks, an inner wall and at least one corner. A spacer with only a single corner comes for so-called model disks These are slices with one of the usual ones Rectangular shape deviating outline. A spacer with only a single corner can be two of the Corner outgoing, in one piece related Thighs have which arcuate run and meet with their ends. A spacer with two corners can z. B. have a torbogenartigen course. A spacer with three corners can be an arcuate Section, but may also be formed by straight legs, which is an equilateral or an isosceles or another Forming a triangle. In the preferred case of right-angled corners the spacer generally four corners. At the corners has the Hollow section bar in each case a recess which extends from the inner wall and extends into the flanks in the direction of the outer wall, without the outer wall to open or to pierce. At the corners of the spacer according to the invention in each case a prefabricated angle piece is arranged in the hollow profile bar, which has two legs connected by a joint, which in a position in which they differ from the given one, which differs from 180 ° Angle, preferably a right angle with each other, relative are fixed to each other.

• – Der Abstandhalter hat auch im Bereich seiner Ecken eine durchgehende Außenwand, welche seine Form stabilisiert und sich günstig auf die Abdichtung der Isolierglasscheibe auswirkt.
• – Das Bilden von Falten in den Flanken läßt sich an den Ecken durch die vorgesehenen Ausnehmungen vermeiden.
• – Durch das Einsetzen eines vorgefertigten Winkelstückes werden die Ecken zuverlässig stabilisiert.
• – Die Winkelstücke können in den Hohlprofilstab eingesetzt werden, solange sich dieser noch in seiner gestreckten Lage befindet. Die Ausnehmungen, die sich im Profilstab dort befinden, wo die Ecken gebildet werden sollen, erlauben es, das Winkelstück in den Hohlprofilstab einzuführen, solange die beiden Schenkel des Winkelstückes noch nicht im vorgegebenen Winkel, insbesondere im rechten Winkel zueinander festgelegt sind. Nach dem Einführen des Winkelstückes befindet sich dieses, wie auch der Hohlprofilstab selbst, zunächst in gestreckter Lage. Die Ecken können dann einfach durch Falten des Hohlprofilstabes und der in ihm steckenden Winkelstücke gebildet werden. Dabei werden die Schenkel des Winkelstücks in einer Lage, in welcher sie den vorgegebenen Winkel miteinander einschließen, festgelegt. Sie fixieren dadurch die an einer Ecke zusammenstoßenden Schenkel des gefalteten Hohlprofilstabes unter dem vorgegebenen Winkel. Sind alle Ecken des Abstandhalters gebildet, liegen die beiden Enden des Hohlprofilstabes einander gegenüber und können durch einen herkömmlichen Geradverbinder miteinander verbunden werden, indem dieser in beide Enden des Hohlprofilstabes gesteckt wird.
• – Danach ist der Abstandhalter sofort als stabiles Gebilde handhabbar, denn im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik gemäß EP 0 947 659 A2 oder EP 1 030 024 A2 , wo die Ecken des Abstandhalterrahmens erst dann stabilisiert sind, wenn ein in die Eckbereiche eingespritzter Kunststoff fest geworden ist, entfalten erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Winkelstücke ihre stabilisierende Wirkung sofort.
• – Es ist aber auch möglich, die Enden des Hohlprofilstabes an einer von mehreren Ecken des Abstandhalters zusammenstoßen zu lassen und die Enden an dieser Ecke durch ein vorgefertigtes, starres Winkelstück miteinander zu verbinden. Die geringere Stabilität dieser einen Ecke kann durch die höhere Stabilität der anderen Ecken teilweise ausgeglichen werden. Es empfiehlt sich allerdings, an dieser einen Ecke die Fuge zwischen dem Winkelstück und den Enden des Hohlprofilstabes besonders abzudichten.
• – Die Erfindung eignet sich für dünnwandige Hohlprofilstäbe aus Metall. Die Kombination eines faltbaren Winkelstückes mit einer an den Ecken durchgehenden Außenwand des Hohlprofilstabes ergibt Ecken, die wesentlich stabiler sind als wenn getrennte Hohlprofilstäbe lediglich mit starren Winkelstücken zusammengesteckt werden.
• – Die Erfindung ermöglicht Abstandhalter mit gebogenen Ecken, die einen minimalen Biegeradius haben, was eine optimale Ausnutzung der Glasscheiben für den Lichtdurchtritt ermöglicht.
• – Die Erfindung ermöglicht erstmals Isolierglasscheiben, welche Abstandhalter mit Ecken haben, in welche Winkelstücke gesteckt sind und die dennoch auf der Außenseite des Abstandhalters keine mit einer Versiegelungsmasse zu füllende Randfuge haben.
• – Die Erfindung eignet sich besonders für Abstandhalter aus dünnwandigen Kunststoff Hohlprofilstäben. Solche Abstandhalter werden durch die Kombination eines faltbaren Winkelstückes mit einer an den Ecken durchgehenden Außenwand des Hohlprofilstabes besser, rascher und preiswerter stabilisiert als Abstandhalter aus Kunststoff Hohlprofilstäben, bei denen die Ecken durch Einspritzen einer Kunststoffmasse stabilisiert werden.

This has significant advantages:

• - The spacer has also in the region of its corners a continuous outer wall, which stabilizes its shape and has a favorable effect on the sealing of the insulating glass pane.
• - The formation of wrinkles in the flanks can be avoided at the corners by the provided recesses.
• - By inserting a prefabricated elbow the corners are reliably stabilized.
• - The angle pieces can be used in the hollow profile bar, as long as this is still in its extended position. The recesses, which are located in the profile bar where the corners are to be formed, allow to introduce the elbow into the hollow profile bar, as long as the two legs of the elbow are not yet fixed at a predetermined angle, in particular at right angles to each other. After insertion of the elbow is this, as well as the hollow profile bar itself, initially in an extended position. The corners can then be formed simply by folding the hollow profile bar and the angle pieces stuck in it. In this case, the legs of the angle piece in a position in which they include the predetermined angle with each other, set. They thereby fix the crashing at a corner legs of the folded hollow profile bar at the predetermined angle. Are all corners of the spacer formed, the two ends of the hollow profile bar face each other and can be connected to each other by a conventional straight connector by this is plugged into both ends of the hollow profile bar.
• - Thereafter, the spacer is immediately handled as a stable structure, because in contrast to the prior art according to EP 0 947 659 A2 or EP 1 030 024 A2 where the corners of the spacer frame are only stabilized when a plastic injected into the corner regions has become solid, angle pieces used according to the invention unfold their stabilizing effect immediately.
• - But it is also possible to collide the ends of the hollow profile bar at one of several corners of the spacer and to connect the ends of this corner by a prefabricated, rigid elbow with each other. The lower stability of this one corner can be partially offset by the higher stability of the other corners. However, it is recommended to seal the joint between the angle piece and the ends of the hollow profile bar at this one corner.
• - The invention is suitable for thin-walled hollow profile bars made of metal. The combination of a foldable elbow with a continuous at the corners outer wall of the hollow profile bar results in corners that are much more stable than when separate hollow profile bars are merely plugged together with rigid elbows.
• - The invention allows spacers with bent corners, which have a minimum bending radius, which allows optimal utilization of the glass sheets for the passage of light.
• - The invention allows insulating glass for the first time, which have spacers with corners, in which elbows are inserted and the still have on the outside of the spacer no to be filled with a sealant edge joint.
• - The invention is particularly suitable for spacers made of thin-walled plastic hollow profile rods. Such spacers are better, faster and cheaper stabilized by the combination of a foldable angle piece with a continuous at the corners outer wall of the hollow profile bar as spacers made of plastic hollow profile bars, in which the corners are stabilized by injecting a plastic mass.

The elbow preferably protrudes with its two legs under the inner wall of the hollow section bar so that it is at least when the legs include the predetermined angle in the hollow profile bar form-fitting is caught.

The Legs of the elbow can in different ways at the predetermined angle, in particular be set at right angles to each other. A possibility is the predetermined angle of the two legs of the elbow to each other by introducing to fix a fitting, which are introduced only in the predetermined angular position of the legs can. In the fitting piece can For example, it could be a wedge or a pen.

A different possibility, the two legs of the elbow set at a given angle to each other, is the To form the joint resilient in the manner that the two legs of the elbow be bent by spring force until it is in the specified Angle position abut each other.

Preferably is the elbow designed so that its two legs in their position, in which they enclose the given angle with each other, with each other are locked or latched and connected in this way form-fitting manner are. By locking or latching or by the positive connection should the predetermined angular position of the two legs secured to each other For this purpose, on the one leg of the elbow a recess be provided, in which a provided on the other leg of the elbow Projection form-fitting engages when the two legs of the predetermined angle with each other lock in. It is for reasons prefers the symmetry and safety of the connection of the thighs, if on both legs next to each other a projection and a recess are provided, which intermesh mutually.

The two legs of the elbow can be connected in different ways. You can go to Type of hinge pivotable about a common pin or pin be connected to each other. Preferably, however, are the two Legs of the elbow one piece connected to each other and the existing between them joint after Formed a type of film hinge. Such an angle piece can it is particularly inexpensive to produce as a molded part of a plastic.

The Joint is preferably arranged on the outside of the angle piece, which of the outer wall facing the hollow profile bar. This has the consequence that at Bending the corner of the bending axis is close to the outer wall of the hollow profile bar, so that these are only moderately on Stretching is claimed. Furthermore becomes the outer wall the hollow profile bar when bending the respective corner by the joint supported. After all is provided in this position of the pivot axis provided in the hollow section bar Recess by the bending process to the maximum extent not only on the flanks, but partly also on the inner wall again closed.

The Recess in the hollow profile bar preferably extends in the flanks to the outer wall and preferably has at right angles in the flanks of the Shape of a 90 ° miter cut.

The angle pieces are preferably designed so that their legs can not only be pivoted out of the extended position of the angle piece in their position at the predetermined angle in which they are fixed relative to each other, but can also be pivoted in the opposite direction. This allows an elegant way to use the angle pieces in a hollow profile bar: For this purpose, the legs are pivoted in the opposite direction so far that their free ends can be introduced simultaneously through the recess in the inner wall of the hollow profile bar in this. By pressure on the joint, the elbow can be transferred to its extended position, wherein it slides in with its two legs under the inner wall and into the cavity of the hollow profile bar. It can be achieved by stops on the legs of the elbow, which are directed against the extending from one edge to the other edge edges of the recess in the inner wall, a centering of the elbow in the recess, in which both attacks on the transversely bear to the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile bar extending edges of the recess in the inner wall of the hollow profile bar, whose distance is adapted to the distance of the stops. The at the attacks are suitably at the same distance from the axis of the joint.

A different possibility, the elbow insert into a recess of the hollow profile bar, then there is the elbow with his one leg as far as through the recess into the Insert hollow section bar until the other leg passes through the Recess in the inner wall through flat in the hollow profile bar can be inserted. Subsequently move the stretched elbow into a centered position, which it for the Bending the corner should take and in which both ends of the still stretched elbow lie in the cavity of the hollow profile, because the still stretched elbow longer is as the recess in the hollow profile rod through which the elbow in the Hollow profile bar introduced becomes. The location of the elbow for the Bending the corner should be able to turn by a stop be set, which is provided on one of the legs and when moving the stretched elbow in the hollow section bar at the edge the recess of the hollow profile bar abuts. Also in this case can you have another stop on the other leg, with which the elbow when inserting into the hollow profile bar at the opposite edge of the recess strikes. This further attack is then closer to the joint.

• – Die Dichtmasse schließt nicht nur den Innenraum der Isolierglasscheibe feuchtigkeitsdicht ab, sondern verschließt auch die Ausnehmung in der Innenwand des Abstandhalters, so dass diese in der fertigen Isolierglasscheibe nicht mehr sichtbar ist.
• – Der mit der Dichtmasse beschichtete Abstandhalter bietet in der Isolierglasscheibe ein gleichmäßiges, ästhetisch ansprechendes Erscheinungsbild.
• – Ein Trockenmittel, welches benötigt wird, um Feuchtigkeit zu binden, welche sich im Innenraum der Isolierglasscheibe befindet, muß nicht in einem besonderen Arbeitsgang in den hohlen Abstandhalter eingefüllt werden, sondern kann in die Dichtmasse eingelagert und zusammen mit dieser auf die Innenwand des Abstandhalters aufgetragen werden. Als Trockenmittel eignen sich Molekularsiebe (Zeolithe) in Pulverform.
• – Es können preiswerte Hohlprofilstäbe verwendet werden, welche selbst nicht in der Lage sind, das Eindiffundieren von Wasserdampf zu verhindern, denn Wasserdampf, welcher den Hohlprofilstab überwindet, wird schließlich von der Dichtmasse abgefangen und gegebenenfalls von dem darin enthaltenen Trockenmittel gebunden. Deshalb eignet sich die Erfindung auch besonders für Abstandhalter aus dünnwandigen Hohlprofilstäben aus Kunststoff.
• – Anders als im Stand der Technik muß die Außenwand des Abstandhalters selbst dann, wenn der Hohlprofilstab als solcher das Eindiffundieren von Wasserdampf nicht verhindern kann, nicht mehr versiegelt werden. Eine Randfuge, die herkömmliche Isolierglasscheiben zum Zwecke der Versiegelung haben, ist erfindungsgemäß entbehrlich. Vielmehr kann die Außenwand des Abstandhalters bündig mit den Rändern der Glasscheiben der Isolierglasscheibe abschließen.
• – Da bei den Isolierglasscheiben keine Randfuge mehr versiegelt werden muß, kann eine Isolierglasscheibe mit erfindungsgemäßem Abstandhalter sofort nach ihrem Zusammenbau gehandhabt, auch im Randbereich angefasst und weiterverarbeitet, zum Beispiel in vorgefertigte Fensterrahmen eingebaut werden. Es muß nicht abgewartet werden, bis Versiegelungsmasse in einer Randfuge ausgehärtet ist.
• – Dadurch, dass die Dichtmasse so auf den Abstandhalter aufgetragen wird, dass sie dessen ganze Innenwand bedeckt, kann eine aushärtende Versiegelungsmasse welche einen dauerhaft festen Verbund zwischen dem Abstandhalter und den beiden Glasscheiben der Isolierglasscheibe herstellt, ausschließlich auf die beiden Flanken des Hohlprofilstabes aufgetragen werden. Es muss in der Isolierglasscheibe auf der Aussenseite des Abstandhalters keine Randfuge vorgesehen sein, um eine aushärtende Versiegelungsmasse aufzunehmen, als welche Polysulfide (Thiokol) und Polyurethan gebräuchlich sind.
• – Für die auf die Innenwand des Abstandhalters aufgetragene Dichtmasse reicht eine Schichtdicke von 2 mm bis 4 mm aus.
• – Die Qualtitätsanforderungen an Hohlprofilstäbe, aus denen die Abstandhalter gebildet werden, können gesenkt werden, weil die Hohlprofilstäbe nur noch eine mechanische Aufgabe erfüllen müssen, nämlich die Glasscheiben der Isolierglasscheibe unter den typischen Einsatzbedingungen und Belastungen auf ihrem vorgegebenen Abstand zu halten und sich mit einer Dichtmasse und/oder mit einer aushärtenden Versiegelungs- oder Klebemasse zu verbinden. Es können deshalb sehr preiswerte und dünnwandige Hohlprofilstäbe eingesetzt werden, die auf eine minimale Wärmeübertragung optimiert sind. Etwaige Undichtigkeiten der Profilstäbe führen nicht zu einer Undichtigkeit der Isolierglasscheibe.
• – Insbesondere dann, wenn der Abstandhalter aus Kunststoff besteht, erreicht man im Bereich des Abstandhalters außerordentlich niedrige Wärmedurchgangswerte.
• – Dichtmassen auf der Basis von Polyisobutylen haben im allgemeinen eine matt-schwarze Oberfläche. Diese passt sich im Erscheinungsbild der jeweiligen Fensterrahmenfarbe an und reflektiert deren Farbton.
• – Der Hohlprofilstab kann auf seiner Innenseite und vorzugsweise auch auf einem angrenzenden Teil seiner Flanken bereits mit der Dichtmasse beschichtet werden, bevor er zum rahmenförmigen Abstandhalter geformt wird. Das ermöglicht nicht nur eine sehr rationelle lineare Arbeitsweise mit einem Minimum an maschinellem Aufwand, sondern führt auch zu einer besonders wirksamen Abdichtung der Ecken des Abstandhalters, in welche ein Teil der Dichtmasse beim Falten der Ecken hineingepresst wird.
• – Auch eine aushärtende Klebemasse oder Versiegelungsmasse, welche vorzugsweise auf die Flanken der Hohlprofilstäbe aufgetragen wird, kann mit Vorteil bereits aufgetragen werden, bevor der Hohlprofilstab zum rahmenförmigen Abstandhalter geformt wird. Für diese Vorgehensweise eignet sich als Klebemasse oder Versiegelungsmasse besonders ein reaktiver Heißschmelzkleber.
• – Die auf die Flanken aufgetragene Klebemasse oder Versiegelungsmasse häuft sich beim Falten an den Ecken auf den Flanken an und wird beim Verpressen der Isolierglasscheibe verdichtet und in die Ecke des Abstandhalters gedrückt und begünstigt das Ausbilden von dichten Ecken, ohne dass dafür gesonderte Maßnahmen ergriffen oder Kosten aufgewendet werden müßten.
• – Insgesamt ermöglicht die Erfindung eine sehr preiswerte und qualitativ hochwertige Isolierglasfertigung und eignet sich auch und gerade für eine rationelle Fertigung großer Mengen von Isolierglasscheiben in standardisierten Abmessungen.

An insulating glass pane must be sealed against the ingress of moisture. It is therefore known to apply to the flanks of a spacer, which is formed from a hollow profile bar, a sealing compound, which prevents the diffusion of water vapor. A sealant based on polyisobutylene, a permanently elastic butyl rubber, has proven itself. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spacer according to the invention on its inside without interruption with such a sealant, z. B. on the basis of polyisobutylene coated. This has significant additional benefits:

• - The sealant not only closes the interior of the insulating glass moisture-tight, but also closes the recess in the inner wall of the spacer, so that it is no longer visible in the finished insulating glass.
• - The coated with the sealant spacer provides the insulating glass a uniform, aesthetically pleasing appearance.
• - A desiccant, which is needed to bind moisture, which is located in the interior of the insulating glass, must not be filled in a special operation in the hollow spacer, but can be incorporated into the sealant and applied together with this on the inner wall of the spacer become. Suitable drying agents are molecular sieves (zeolites) in powder form.
• - Economical hollow profile bars can be used, which are not even able to prevent the ingress of water vapor, because water vapor, which overcomes the hollow profile bar, is finally intercepted by the sealant and optionally bound by the desiccant contained therein. Therefore, the invention is also particularly suitable for spacers made of thin-walled hollow profile rods made of plastic.
• - Unlike the prior art, the outer wall of the spacer must not be sealed even if the hollow profile rod as such can not prevent the in-diffusion of water vapor. An edge joint, the conventional insulating glass panes for the purpose of sealing, according to the invention dispensable. Rather, the outer wall of the spacer can be flush with the edges of the glass panes of the insulating glass.
• - Since in the insulating glass panes no edge joint must be sealed, an insulating glass pane with inventive spacer can be handled immediately after their assembly, also touched in the edge area and further processed, for example, be installed in prefabricated window frames. It does not have to wait until sealing compound has hardened in an edge joint.
• - The fact that the sealant is applied to the spacer so that it covers the entire inner wall, a thermosetting sealing compound which produces a permanently strong bond between the spacer and the two glass panes of the insulating glass, can be applied exclusively to the two edges of the hollow profile bar. There must be no edge joint in the insulating glass pane on the outside of the spacer to accommodate a hardening sealant, as are polysulfides (Thiokol) and polyurethane commonly used.
• - For the applied to the inner wall of the spacer sealant a layer thickness of 2 mm to 4 mm is sufficient.
• - The Qualtitätsanforderungen to hollow section bars, from which the spacers are formed, can be lowered, because the hollow profile bars must fulfill only a mechanical task, namely to keep the glass panes of insulating glass under the typical conditions of use and loads at their predetermined distance and with a sealant and / or to combine with a curing sealant or adhesive. It can therefore be used very inexpensive and thin-walled hollow profile bars, which are based on a mini male heat transfer are optimized. Any leaks in the profile bars do not lead to leakage of the insulating glass pane.
• - Especially when the spacer is made of plastic, extremely low heat transfer values are achieved in the area of the spacer.
• - Sealants based on polyisobutylene generally have a dull black surface. This adapts to the appearance of the respective window frame color and reflects its color.
• - The hollow profile bar can already be coated on its inside and preferably on an adjacent part of its flanks with the sealant before it is formed into a frame-shaped spacer. This not only allows a very efficient linear operation with a minimum of mechanical effort, but also leads to a particularly effective sealing of the corners of the spacer into which a part of the sealant is pressed when folding the corners.
• - A curing adhesive or sealant, which is preferably applied to the flanks of the hollow profile bars, can already be applied with advantage, before the hollow profile bar is formed into a frame-shaped spacer. For this procedure, a reactive hot-melt adhesive is particularly suitable as an adhesive or sealant.
• - The applied to the flanks adhesive or sealant accumulates when folding at the corners on the flanks and is compressed during pressing of the insulating glass and pressed into the corner of the spacer and favors the formation of tight corners, without taking separate measures or costs should be spent.
• Overall, the invention enables a very inexpensive and high-quality insulating glass production and is also and just for a rational production of large quantities of insulating glass in standardized dimensions.

Preferably the sealant is in such width on the inside of the hollow profile bar applied, that it overhangs the flanks and partially covers. This has the advantage that the sealant during later assembly of the insulating glass between the two glass panes is compressed, resulting in a tight connection favored with the two glass panes.

The Sealant and the hardening Adhesive or sealant should be seamless on the flanks connect to each other. In place of a sealant and a separate adhesive or sealant which cures, can also be a uniform Sealing and adhesive occur, which both the desired security against the diffusion of water vapor in the insulating glass pane offers as well as a permanently strong bond between the spacer and ensured the glass panes of the insulating glass pane. At the uniform Sealant and adhesive may be z. B. order. a reactive hotmelt act, which applied hot is and reactively set after assembling the insulating glass pane. Becomes also uses a uniform adhesive and sealant preferably a powdery desiccant.

Inventive spacers work well to put one or more sprouts in them. Preferably, the sprouts are used so that they indirectly or anchored directly in the sealant, which is on the inside of the spacer is located. Because the sprouts thin-walled and are hollow, are the forces, which must absorb the sealant, to keep the sprouts, only small.

Preferably the rungs are connected with separate foot parts, which are directly positive fit in anchored the sealant. The foot parts preferably have one footplate and a connecting means projecting therefrom via which the connection between the foot part and a rung is made. The foot plate can be in the sealant depressed without puncturing them and thus preserves their sealing effect. She fixates herself partly by the engagement in the sealant, partly by gluing with the sealant. Particularly suitable is a foot plate with recesses and / or breakthroughs, because this displaced sealant be able to record, causing the footplate can interlock with the sealant.

For all sorts of sprouts one can manage with a single foot part, if the foot part is not inserted directly into the hollow end of the different sprouts, but directly connected to an adapter, which in turn is inserted in the prefabricated rung. The adapter is adapted on the one hand to the individual profile cross section of the rung and on the other hand adapted to the shape of the foot, and this adaptation to the shape of the foot can be the same for all adapters that are needed for the different profile cross sections of rungs. Therefore, one needs for the attachment of the rungs on the frame-shaped spacer or on a profile bar from which the frame-shaped spacer is formed, only a single type of foot parts, only a single magazine for storing the foot parts and only a single tool for positioning the foot parts on Spacer or on the profile bar from which the spacer is made. The attachment of such foot parts on the spacer can be particularly efficient.

As a desiccant-containing sealant, a material can be used with which to form the thermoplastic spacer in TPS ^® -Isolierglasscheiben. This is a polyisobutylene based material and is also well suited for purposes of the invention. It can also be used between the glass panes of the insulating glass pane and the flanks of the spacer instead of a desiccant-free sealing compound. It is also advantageous, for example, to use a polyisobutylene as the basis for the desiccant-containing sealant and to concentrate the desiccant in the interior of the insulating glass facing sealing compound, but the armature applied to the flanks of the spacer sealant poor or completely desiccant form.

embodiments The invention are in the attached Drawings shown. Same or corresponding parts are in the examples with matching Reference numbers designated.

1 shows a section of a hollow profile rod in an oblique view, which has a recess for forming a right-angled corner,

2 shows the hollow profile bar in a view as in 1 after inserting an elbow, which is still in an extended position,

3 shows the hollow profile bar 2 in an oblique view after coating with sealant and adhesive,

4 shows the hollow profile bar 3 after folding a right-angled corner,

5 shows the corner angle 2 in a side view, the

6 to 8th show at longitudinally cut hollow profile rod, how to make the elbow 5 in the in 1 can use inserted hollow profile bar,

9 shows forming a corner in the 8th illustrated hollow profile bar,

10 shows in a side view a modified angle, the

11 to 13 show how to do that in 10 illustrated angle piece in the in 1 can use inserted hollow profile bar,

14 shows the formation of a right-angled corner in the in 13 shown hollow profile rod, the

15 to 19 show schematically the formation of a closed, frame-shaped, rectangular spacer by four times bending a hollow profile rod and connecting its ends together,

20 shows schematically in a longitudinal section through the hollow profile bar a frame-shaped spacer, which with angle pieces according to the 10 to 14 has been formed,

21 shows a cross section through a coated hollow profile bar according to 3 .

22 shows in a representation like in 21 the coated hollow profile bar with a foot part anchored thereon for a rung,

23 shows that with a footboard according to 22 provided portion of the hollow profile bar in a side view,

24 shows the section of the hollow section bar with the foot part according to 23 in a plan view,

25 shows the section of the hollow profile bar 24 in an oblique view while feeding a rung,

26 shows a longitudinal section through the lower end of the rung according to 25 .

27 shows a longitudinal section through the lower end of the rung according to 25 after putting on the foot part

28 shows a cross section through an edge portion of an insulating glass pane with a spacer according to 21 .

29 shows a modification of the in 28 illustrated example,

30 shows in an oblique view, as in a hollow profile bar according to 1 a first step is taken to form a recess,

31 shows in an oblique view, as in a hollow profile bar according to 1 a second step is taken to form a recess,

32 shows in an oblique view, the two ends of a coated hollow profile rod before connecting them to close the spacer,

33 shows the joint of the spacer after closing the spacer,

34 shows in an oblique view a tool for smoothing the joint 33 while it encloses the junction,

35 shows in cross-section through the hollow profile rod a the connection point of the spacer enclosing nozzle for the subsequent application of sealant to the joint, and the

36 to 39 show one opposite the 15 to 19 modified approach to form a closed, frame-shaped, rectangular spacer by four times bending a hollow profile rod and connecting its ends together, and the

40 and 41 show modified as a detail training a corner of the spacer.

1 shows a section of a hollow profile bar 1 with an outer wall 2 , with two flanks 3 and with one to the outer wall 2 parallel inner wall 5 , At the transition from the flanks 3 . 4 to the inner wall 5 there is one groove each 6 respectively. 7 , The flank 3 and the groove 6 as well as the flank 4 and the groove 7 each form a side wall of the hollow profile bar 1 , The outer wall 2 is on both sides of the flanks 3 . 4 above. The protruding part 8th the outer wall 2 can either determine the distance between two glass panes, which interpose one of the hollow profile bar 1 formed spacer can be assembled into an insulating glass pane, or it can serve to abut the edge of the glass sheets ( 28 ). Preferably, the hollow profile rod 1 made of plastic and can be made by extrusion.

At one point of the hollow profile bar 1 at which a corner is to be formed, is the hollow profile bar 1 with a recess 9 provided, which differ from the inner wall 5 to the flanks 3 and 4 extends. In the flanks 3 and 4 There are two congruent opposing parts 10 the recess 9 , which have the shape of a rectangular Miter cut, the top of which is equal to the inside of the outer wall 2 lies and the location of a bending axis 12 determines which corner is to bend. On both sides of the miter cuts in the flanks 3 and 4 is the inner wall 5 removed along a given length in full width, including the grooves 6 and 7 , The length of this in the inner wall 5 lying parts 11 the recess 9 is preferably chosen consistently.

The 30 and 31 show how on a hollow profile bar 1 as he is in 1 is shown, a first section ( 30 ) and a second cut ( 31 ) in order to 1 illustrated recess 9 to create. This is the hollow profile bar 1 initially clamped from the outside in a tool, which two clamping jaws 47 having, which the hollow profile bar 1 on the flanks 3 and 4 Clamp. The jaws each have a wedge-shaped recess 48 and 49 , which are opposite each other and in the flanks 3 and 4 part to be formed 10 correspond to the recess. A first insert 50 is at one of its edges with a cutting edge 52 and on its underside with a cross to the cutting edge 52 extending wedge-shaped cutting profile 53 Mistake. It can come from a retracted position in which it is laterally above the flank 3 located at a right angle to the longitudinal extent of the hollow section bar 1 running and against the inner wall 5 of the hollow profile bar 1 be advanced inclined trajectory.

She hits it with her cutting edge 52 on the inner wall 5 pierce them and meet at the transition from the groove 7 to the flank 4 on the one side wall of the hollow profile bar 1 and cut them. After that it hits the cutting edge 52 recessed cutting profile 53 on the flank 4 and she punches against the jaws lying there 47 as an abutment, as in 30 shown. Thereafter, the first cutting plate moves 50 back to their withdrawn position.

A second insert 51 has like the first cutting board 50 a cutting edge at one of their countries 54 and on its underside a wedge-shaped cutting profile 55 , The second insert 51 has a retracted position to the side of the flank 4 and may be on a transverse to the longitudinal extent of the hollow profile bar 1 and parallel to the inner wall 5 extending path to be moved back and forth. Both inserts 50 and 51 are the same width, ie, their cutting edges 52 and 54 are the same length. As it moves forward, the second insert plunges 51 with her cutting edge 54 first in the from the first insert 50 already formed part of the recess 9 and extends this by separating the initially still standing part of the inner wall 5 and meets at the transition from the groove 6 to the flank 3 on the local side wall of the hollow profile bar 1 and cut them. That opposite the cutting edge 54 recessed cutting profile 55 then hits the flank 3 and punch against the there lying clamping jaws 47 as abutment a wedge-shaped section 10 out, like in 31 shown. Thereafter, the second cutting plate 51 moved back to their original position.

The jaws 47 with their wedge-shaped recesses 48 and 49 serve therefore not only for clamping the hollow profile bar 1 but also serve as dies for the two inserts 50 and 51 , If necessary, the hollow profile bar can 1 additionally by means of two down holders, which on both sides of the inserts 50 and 51 are to be arranged, clamped against a base. For reasons of clarity, the pad and the hold-down are not shown. The pad supports the outer wall 2 of the hollow profile bar 1 , the hold-down act from the opposite side to the inner wall 5 of the hollow profile bar 1 one.

With sufficient stability of the side walls of the hollow profile bar 1 can the recess 9 also be formed with a single cutting plate, which like the second cutting plate 51 parallel to the inner wall 5 is moved and the hollow profile bar 1 pierces at full width.

Alternatively, the recess 9 can also be formed by milling and / or drilling, but working with one or two inserts faster and less expensive.

Chips and other Cutting waste can be sucked off.

Before bending a right-angled corner in the hollow section bar 1 gets into the recess 9 a foldable elbow 13 used, which in 2 in the hollow profile bar 1 is shown inserted, wherein the elbow 13 what you are in 2 does not see, on both sides of the recess 9 still a little way under the inner wall 5 extends.

5 shows that in 2 inserted angle piece 13 in a side view. The elbow 13 consists of two equal-length thighs 14 and 15 passing through a foil joint 16 are connected, which on the outside of the elbow 13 is arranged. Under the outside of the elbow 13 is understood that side which the outer wall 2 of the hollow profile bar 1 is facing, when the elbow 13 in the hollow profile bar 1 is used. The two thighs 14 and 15 have against the outside wall 2 the hollow profile rod directed flexible lamellae 17 , which a little over the foil joint 16 protrude. The inside of the thighs 14 . 15 is - from an insertion bevel 18 at the tips of the thighs 14 . 15 Apart - just trained and runs in the extended position of the elbow 13 parallel to the outside of the foil joint 16 , The height of the thighs 14 and 15 is chosen and on the clear height of the hollow section bar 1 Matched that used in the extended position elbow 13 with his foil joint 16 the outer wall 2 and with his the foil joint 16 opposite side of his thighs 14 and 15 the inside of the inner wall 5 is present, as in 8th shown. Because the slats 17 something about the outside of the foil joint 16 protrude, they are with inserted elbow 13 bent something and thereby cause a play-free fit of the legs 14 . 15 between the outer wall 2 and the inner wall 5 of the hollow profile bar 1 ,

On the foil joint 16 opposite side of the legs 14 and 15 is each a stop 14a respectively. 15a formed by placing in the neighborhood of the foil joint 16 the height of the thighs 14 and 15 stepped about the thickness of the inner wall 5 is enlarged. The attacks 14a and 15a are the two edges 19 and 20 facing, which in the inner wall 5 running parts 11 the recess 9 limit and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile bar 1 from the one flank 3 to the opposite flank 4 extend. The location of the attacks 14a and 15a is so on the length of the recess 9 agreed that the attacks 14a and 15a close to the edges 19 and 20 lie. This will cause the middle of the foil joint 16 on the intended bending axis 12 centered.

Each of the two thighs 14 and 15 has on one half of its width in the vicinity of the foil joint 16 a recess 21 , which on her the opposite thigh 15 . 14 facing side is open. On the other half of their width have the thighs 14 and 15 in the neighborhood of the foil joint 16 one hook each 22 , The two hooks 22 have in opposite directions, namely in the direction of the tip of the legs 14 and 15 , The hook 22 of every thigh 14 . 15 in each case lies the recess 21 in the other thigh 15 . 14 across from. The hooks 22 are formed and arranged so that they are in the opposite recess 21 engage when the two legs 14 and 15 around the foil joint 16 be pivoted. By the positive engagement in the recesses 21 fix the two thighs 14 and 15 including a right angle. The foil joint 16 is preferably formed so that it generates a restoring force in the bent state, which causes the hooks 22 against the wall of the recess 21 be pressed, which additionally stabilizes the corner.

This in 5 illustrated angle piece can in the hollow profile bar 1 be used as it is in the 6 and 7 is shown. This is the angle piece 13 at the foil joint 16 between a wedge-shaped abutment 23 and a finger 24 one curious; excited. The two thighs 14 and 15 be through two more fingers 25 and 26 against the abutment 23 pivoted. The tips of the thighs 14 and 15 are then approximated to each other so far that they are in the recess 9 can be introduced ( 6 ). The abutment 23 is then removed and the fingers 24 . 25 and 26 be in by the three arrows in 7 direction shown the hollow profile bar 1 approximated. This will be the contra-angle 13 with simultaneous spreading in the hollow profile bar 1 pressed, with the thighs 14 and 15 through the fingers 25 and 26 be bent temporarily (see 7 ). The insertion of the elbow 13 is finished when in an extended position in the hollow section bar 1 plugged. The over the stops 14a and 15a protruding portions of the legs 14 and 15 then lie below the inner wall 5 , as in 8th shown.

Is in the recesses 9 for all four corners of a spacer an elbow 13 used in an extended position, the hollow profile bar 1 while still in stretched form, on the inner wall 5 throughout with a sealant 27 and on the flanks 3 and 4 throughout with an adhesive 28 coated, which can harden. This is the hollow profile bar 1 linearly moved past one or more nozzles, from which the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 synchronous with the movement of the hollow profile bar 1 can escape controlled. How such a thing can be done is, for example, in the DE 10 2004 020 883 described, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The sealant 27 should later prevent the diffusion of water vapor into the insulating glass, in which the from the hollow profile bar 1 to be formed spacer is installed. The sealant 27 For example, it is made of a material based on polyisobutylene and preferably contains a desiccant in powder form. The sealant 27 covers the entire inner wall 5 and extends laterally beyond them so that they also have the flanks of the flanks 3 and 4 protrudes and at least partially still the grooves 6 and 7 fills. The adhesive 28 , which is preferably a reactive hot melt, is completely adhered to the sealant 27 then on the flanks 3 and 4 applied, and preferably by nozzles, which shortly after a nozzle for the application of the sealant 27 come into use. This has the advantage that the already applied sealant 27 a limitation for the application of the adhesive 28 represents and that the application of the sealant 27 regardless of the application of the adhesive 28 can be controlled, which may be advantageous in terms of different properties such as toughness and compressibility of the masses.

Is the hollow profile bar 1 with the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 coated ( 3 ), then it can be bent or folded at the sites provided for forming the corners of a frame-shaped spacer, overcoming a restoring force from the film hinge. Is in 9 the example of an uncoated hollow profile bar 1 shown to show how the hooks 22 in the recesses 21 engage and thereby the thighs 14 and 15 fix at a right angle to each other. The positive engagement of the hook 22 in the recess associated with it 21 prevents a greater angle than 90 ° between the two legs 14 and 15 , After snapping the hook 22 in their assigned recesses 21 limit between the thighs 14 . 15 effective stops a further reduction of the angle. By bending or folding the corner become excess sealant 27 and adhesive 28 partially pressed into cavities, which are present in the area of the corner and partly on the flanks 3 and 4 displaced as it is in 4 is shown. This is desirable because it contributes to the sealing of the spacer in the area of the corners. An excess of sealant 27 and adhesive 28 on the flanks 3 and 4 is during later installation of the spacer in an insulating glass pane through the glass panes against the flanks 3 and 4 and pressed into the corner, which further favors the formation of a hermetically sealed corner.

The 10 shows a modified embodiment of the elbow 13 , It is different from the one in 5 illustrated angle piece 13 in that one of the stops 14a . 15a In the example shown, it is the stop 14a , closer to the hook 22 has moved up, namely by so much that the distance from the stop 14a to the top of the other thigh 15 not more than the length of the recess 9 in the inner wall 5 , That makes it possible, the elbow 13 so in the hollow profile bar 1 to use as it is in the 11 to 13 is shown. This is done first, with slight bending of the foil joint 16 , the thigh 14 in the hollow profile bar 1 introduced until the stop 14a on the edge 19 strikes. in this position, the other leg can 15 through the recess 9 through to the outer wall 2 to be panned ( 12 ). Then the stretched elbow becomes 13 in the hollow profile bar 1 postponed until the stop 15a on the edge 20 the recess 9 strikes ( 13 ). The foil joint 16 is now on the intended bending axis 13 centered.

The four times bending or folding a hollow profile bar 1 to a frame-shaped spacer is schematically shown in successive steps in the 15 to 19 shown. In its initial position of the hollow profile bar 1 with its outer wall 2 for example on a waa just extending underlay 29 , for example on a conveyor belt, and leaning against a support surface 30 which is coated with a plastic on which the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 do not stick. Such plastics are known in the art. For example, a talc-doped silicone is suitable. Now you turn a first leg 1a of the hollow profile bar 1 by 90 ° while holding the second leg 1b on the pad 29 holds, and forms on this titmouse the first corner 31 , The second corner 32 is formed by placing the second leg 1b opposite to the captured third leg 1c pivoted at a right angle ( 16 ). The third corner 33 one forms, by the third leg 1c opposite the captured fourth leg 1d pivoted by 90 ° and the fourth corner 34 one forms, by the fourth leg 1d opposite the captured fifth leg 1e (or the fifth leg 1e opposite the captured fourth leg 1d ) is pivoted at a right angle. Of course, the steps can also be carried out in reverse order. Thereafter, the two ends of the hollow profile bar 1 opposite each other ( 18 ). They are made by a straight connector 35 connected to each other, which was expediently inserted after cutting the length of the hollow profile bar in half in one end and is now inserted with its other half in the other end ( 19 ). Thus, the frame-shaped spacer is closed and is thanks to its stiff corner training a particularly stable structure. The fifth leg 1e suitably has the same length of for example 10 cm for all spacer formats, which favors a standardized procedure. The joint between the two ends of the hollow profile bar 1 can be additionally sealed after closing the frame if necessary, if the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 There should not easily connect tightly together, for example, by an additional order of sealant 27 and / or adhesive 28 ,

Ways to achieve a tight joint in the spacer, are based on the 32 to 35 explained. The 32 shows in an oblique view, the two opposite ends of the hollow profile bar 1 After all corners for the spacer are bent. In one end of the hollow profile bar 1 there is a straight connector 35 , which with its half length over the end of the hollow profile bar 1 protrudes. In known manner prevents an unillustrated stop, in the middle of the connector 35 is provided that this too far in one of the ends of the hollow profile bar 1 is plugged. The sealant 27 and those on the flanks 3 and 4 applied adhesive 28 extends to a portion of the length of the protruding portion of the connector 35 , wherein the thickness of the coating with increasing distance from the end of the hollow profile bar 1 preferably steadily drops to zero. To achieve this, the coating of the hollow profile bar begins with the sealant 27 and with the adhesive 28 conveniently on the connector 35 , In this case, it is easy to achieve a gradual increase in the layer thickness, since the coating process for reasons of continuity can hardly begin abruptly stepped. Optionally, the contour of the coating on the connector 35 by trimming, for example by means of a heated wire, be changed later, so that the in 32 shown, tapered contour receives. An excess of the sealant separated by trimming 27 and the adhesive 28 can be sucked off. At the opposite end of the hollow profile bar 1 where the coating process has ended, one can see the end of the coating with the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 also for example by means of a heated wire trim, preferably so that there is a blunt end surface, as in 32 shown. The blunt end surface preferably closes with the end surface of the hollow profile rod 1 or stands, as in 32 exaggerated, a little over the end surface of the hollow profile bar 1 in front.

By inserting the projecting portion of the connector 35 in the opposite end of the hollow profile bar 1 The tapered portion of the sealant dips 27 and the adhesive 28 on the connector 35 in the room under the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 a, which over the opposite end of the hollow profile bar 1 survives and expands the supernatant. It also hits the connector 35 applied sealant 27 and adhesive 28 on the opposite end surface of the hollow profile bar 1 , Both leads to the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 be compressed in the connection area of the spacer and interlock with each other, as in 33 is shown.

To the spacer with the help of the connector 35 To be able to close, you can with two distance-adjustable pliers on the protruding parts 8th the outer wall 2 of the hollow profile bar 1 attack and the two ends of the hollow profile bar approach each other. In the 33 illustrated upset joint in the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 can be equalized later. That can be done with a mold 56 done as it exemplifies in 34 is shown. The mold 56 has two adjustable jaws 57 and 58 which is one of the sealants 27 and for the adhesive 28 have intended contour adapted inside. The form Tool 56 encloses first with open jaws 57 and 58 the joint in the spacer and is then gradually narrowed to the required width, the mold 56 in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile bar 1 can be moved, preferably reciprocating. After that, the mold becomes 56 opened again and removed.

In addition, it should be noted that such a mold 56 also can be used to one end of the coated hollow profile bar 1 for closing the spacer to the opposite, fixed end of the hollow profile bar 1 to approach. Due to the large-area enclosure of the coating of sealant 27 and adhesive 28 can be transmitted without force to the coating sufficient force to the connector 35 in the one still open end of the hollow profile bar 1 to stick ( 32 ).

Alternatively, one can proceed to make a tight connection point in the spacer so that one the connector 35 not coated with sealant and adhesive, but the coating makes so that at the junction of the spacer initially a gap in the coating of sealant 27 and adhesive 28 remains. This gap can be closed later by using a nozzle 59 , which has an inner side whose contour of the contour of the coating of sealant 27 and adhesive 28 adjusted, the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 in the neighborhood of the gap encloses ( 35 ). For this purpose, the width of the nozzle 59 adjustable, for example, that in the nozzle 59 two cheeks 57 and 58 are provided, which are slidably mounted in the nozzle body to change their mutual distance and to which each one half of the contour for the coating of sealant 27 and adhesive 28 is trained. After enclosing the joint with the nozzle 59 Can fill the gap in the coating by injecting sealant 27 getting closed. An additional injection of adhesive 28 is possible at this point, but not required. By moving the nozzle 59 in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile bar 1 The junction can be smoothed and then the nozzle 59 opened and removed. The structure of the mold 56 ( 34 ) has similarities with the structure of the nozzle 59 , However, the mold has 56 no channel 60 for applying sealant and it's just one of the jaws 57 . 58 displaceable.

20 shows the internal structure of a frame-shaped spacer with elbows 13 in the 10 to 14 shown, for reasons of clarity, the coating with a sealant 27 and with an adhesive 28 not shown.

A spacer made of a hollow profile bar 1 is formed, the inner wall 5 with a sealant 27 is coated, as it is for example in the 21 is particularly well suited to one or more sprouts 36 install. This is a footboard 37 in the sealant 27 pressed without the on the inner wall 5 lying layer of the sealant 27 to pierce, leaving the inner wall 5 remains coated over the entire surface, which is advantageous for a water vapor-tight closure of the insulating glass pane. By pushing in the foot part 37 is an appropriate amount of sealant 27 displaced and rises at its edges high, causing it to interlock between the sealant 27 and the foot part 37 comes. Since sealants such as polyisobutylene are sticky, occurs to the teeth between the sealant 27 and the foot part 37 add a desired adhesive effect. The toothing between the sealant 27 and the foot part 37 is especially good if the foot part 37 a plate 38 has, which with breakthroughs 39 is provided as in 24 shown. In this case, the sealant 27 also in the breakthroughs 39 displaced into it and leads to a particularly intimate toothing with the foot part 37 , On the plate 38 is a connection device 40 , which is a two-legged fork with barbs pointing in opposite directions 41 is. The fork 40 can in a matching receiving part 42 be engaged, which in the end of the rung 36 plugged. At the receiving part 42 it may be a plastic molding whose outer contour of the inner contour of the rung 36 is adjusted and slats 43 has, which when inserting the receiving part 42 into the rung 36 to the end of the rung 36 bent out and accordingly a pulling out of the rung 36 to oppose increased resistance. The recording part 42 has an inner contour, which is suitable for all kinds of sprouts 36 it is the same. This has the advantage of being available for all kinds of sprouts 36 , which may differ in cross section, with a single foot part 37 can get along.

In the recording part 42 is an undercut 44 provided behind which the barbs 41 can engage resiliently.

While the stretched hollow profile bar 1 coated in one pass, the coating can be applied to the places where a rung 36 should be marked, for example, by an inkjet printer. At the marked places the foot part can 37 by hand into the sealant 27 be pressed. Alternatively, the foot parts 37 also automatically by means of a numerically controlled hand be set dingseinrichtung; in this case, a prior marking of the places where the foot parts 37 should be set, dispensable. The sprouts 36 For example, just before the final closing of the spacer ( 18 ) on the foot parts 37 be plugged, see 25 and 26 ,

28 shows a cross section through a portion of an insulating glass pane, consisting of two individual glass panes 45 and 46 , between which there is a frame-shaped spacer, which consists of a hollow profile bar 1 is formed, previously, as in 21 shown with a sealant 27 and with a curing adhesive 28 was coated. The hollow profile bar 1 closes with the edges of the glass panes 45 and 46 off, with the protruding parts 8th the outer wall 2 the edges of the glass panes 45 and 46 cover, protect them and protect them from chipping.

In the 29 shown insulating glass differs from the in 28 illustrated insulating glass that the protruding parts 8th the outer wall 2 of the hollow profile bar 1 not protecting the edges of the two glass panes 45 and 46 serve. Rather, the protruding parts lie 8th the outer wall 2 between the two glass panes 45 and 46 and thereby limit their spacing and the minimum thickness of the coating of the flanks 3 and 4 of the hollow profile bar 1 , The outer wall 2 of the hollow profile bar 1 closes flush with the edges of the glass panes 45 and 46 from, so that between them no edge joint remains, which would have to be sealed.

The 36 to 39 show one opposite the 15 to 19 Modified procedure when bending the hollow profile bar 1 , A major difference from in the 15 to 19 The procedure described is that the hollow profile bar 1 while folding or bending the four corners 31 to 34 on his pad 29 is not moved longitudinally, but maintains its position. For this purpose, the hollow profile bar 1 next to his first bend, at which the first corner 31 is formed, fixed, for example, in that an unillustrated hold-down the second leg 1b of the hollow profile bar 1 against the pad 29 presses or in that a pliers, not shown, the second leg 1b on the protruding parts 8th his outer wall 2 clamps. First, the formation of the first corner 31 the first leg 1a angled. This can be done by hand. Preferably, the length X of the first leg becomes 1a chosen the same for all spacer formats, for example between 6 cm and 10 cm. This has the advantage that the closing of the spacer always takes place at the same location, at which then the necessary tools for closing or, if necessary, for reworking and smoothing the coating of the hollow profile bar 1 can be arranged ( 34 and 35 ). Next, the operator can take the fifth leg 1e grab him and make him to the fourth corner 34 to angle. Then the operator can take the fourth leg 1d take him and form the third corner 33 to angle. Finally she can do the third thigh 1c grab him and make him the second corner 32 to angle. Even more elegant and easier, if the operator the fifth leg 1e take hold of him and in a single step in the arc to the connector 35 leads; this can be the second corner 32 , the third corner 33 and the fourth corner 34 to form informally at the same time. The closing of the spacer is terminated by the fifth leg 1e on the already in the fixed leg 1a plug-in connector 35 is plugged ( 39 ). While bending or folding the corners 31 to 34 the spacer can its legs 1c . 1d and 1e on a support surface 30 be moved along, which in the 36 to 39 runs parallel to the drawing plane and carries a coating on which the sealant 27 and the adhesive 28 do not stick.

In the area of the junction 62 can on the retaining wall a guide 61 be provided, for example, on the support surface 30 above, with the outer wall 2 of the first thigh 1a aligned sheet, which makes it easier for the operator, the fifth leg 1e on the first thigh 1a align.

Insulating glass panes with several corners accordingly have a spacer with several corners. It is preferred to provide in each corner of the spacer each an elbow with two legs connected by a hinge and merge the beginning and end of the spacer forming hollow profile bar between two corners and connect to each other by a straight connector. However, it would also be possible for a spacer with several corners to leave the two ends of the spacer forming hollow profile bar in the area of a corner and there to connect by an elbow with each other. Two examples of such corner training show the 40 and 41 , In the example of 40 are the ends of the hollow profile bar 1 cut off at an angle of 45 °, so that they meet at this angle and touch each other completely. By inserting a preferably U-shaped in cross section elbow 13a the corner is held together and stabilized, especially if the base of the U-profile is the outside 63 of the elbow 13a forms.

In the 41 illustrated embodiment is different from the one in 40 illustrated embodiment in that the two ends of the hollow profile bar 1 blunt are cut off and only at the edge of the inner wall 5 of the hollow profile bar 1 touch. In this case, the elbow is 13b Conveniently, a solid plastic molding, the two legs frictionally engaged in the two ends of the hollow profile bar 1 stuck, with the two legs of the elbow 13b through a massive body 13d are connected, which the angle between the ends of the hollow profile bar 1 fills and from each of which a thin-walled, hood-like cover 13c going out, which has a U-profile in cross-section and the outer wall 2 and the two flanks 3 and 4 of the hollow profile bar 1 covering a piece.

It is recommended that in the embodiments according to 40 and 41 in the area of the corner existing column seal by applying a sealant. Because of the requirement of sealing, the embodiments are 40 and 41 not preferred.

1

Hollow-section bar

1a

first leg

1b

second leg

1c

third leg

1d

fourth leg

1e

fifth leg

2

outer wall

3

flank

4

flank

5

inner wall

6

groove

7

groove

8th

supernatant part of 2

9

recess

10

Parts of the recess in 3 . 4

11

Parts of the recess in 5

12

bending axis

13 13a, 13b

elbow

13c

thin cover

13d

body

14

Thighs of 13

14a

attack

15

Thighs of 13

15a

attack

16

foil hinge

17

slats

18

chamfer

19

edge

20

edge

21

recess

22

hook

23

abutment

24

finger

25

finger

26

finger

27

sealant

28

adhesive

29

document

30

support surface

31

first corner

32

second corner

33

third corner

34

fourth corner

35

straight Connectors

36

rung

37

footboard

38

plate

39

Breakthroughs in 38

40

connecting device

41

barb

42

receiving part

43

slats

44

undercut

45

pane

46

pane

47

jaws

48

wedge-shaped recess

49

wedge-shaped recess

50

first cutting board

51

second cutting board

52

cutting edge

53

cutting profile

54

cutting edge

55

cutting profile

56

mold

57

to bake

58

to bake

59

jet

60

channel

61

guide

62

junction

63

Outside of 13a

Claims (73)

Frame-shaped spacer for insulating glass panes, which by Siegen from a hollow profile bar ( 1 ) or of linearly connected hollow profile rods, which has an outer wall ( 2 ), two flanks ( 3 . 4 ) and an inner wall ( 5 ), with at least one corner ( 31 to 34 ), to which the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) each has a recess which extends from the inner wall ( 5 ) and get into the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) in towards the outer wall ( 2 ), without the outer wall ( 2 ), characterized in that at least one corner ( 31 to 34 ) of the spacer one elbow ( 13 ) in the hollow profile bar ( 1 ), which two by a joint ( 16 ) connected legs ( 14 . 15 ), which are fixed relative to each other in a position in which they enclose a predetermined angle with each other. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) are locked together in their position in which they include the predetermined angle. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) are latched together in the position in which they include the predetermined angle. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) in the position in which they include the predetermined angle, with each other in a positive engagement. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on one leg ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) a recess ( 21 ) is provided, which on the other leg ( 15 . 14 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) a lead ( 22 ), in particular a hook, which is in the recess ( 21 ) engages when the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) enclose the given angle with each other. Spacer according to claim 5, characterized in that on both legs ( 14 . 15 ) each have a projection ( 22 ) and a recess ( 21 ) are provided, which mutually intermesh. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) are integrally connected. Spacer according to claim 7, characterized in that the joint ( 16 ) is formed in the manner of a foil joint. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle piece ( 13 ) has an outer side, which the outer wall ( 2 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ), and that the joint ( 16 ) on the outside of the elbow ( 13 ) is arranged. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joint ( 16 ) the inside of the outer wall ( 2 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) is present. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle piece ( 13 ) is a molded part made of a plastic. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises angle pieces ( 13 ) whose legs ( 14 . 15 ) can be pivoted from an extended position not only in their position in which they include the predetermined angle and are fixed relative to each other, but can also be pivoted in the opposite direction. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) recesses ( 9 ) to the outer wall ( 2 ). Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses ( 9 ) Have edges whose course in the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) is selected so that the edges after forming the corners ( 31 to 34 ) in the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) in pairs abut each other or have only a narrow gap between them. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the inner wall ( 5 ) ( 11 ) of the respective recess ( 9 ), from the vertex of each corner ( 31 to 34 ) seen over the edge of the associated part of the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) lying recess ( 9 ), but not to the free end of the legs there ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ). Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) a stop ( 14a . 15a ), which against the one flank ( 3 ) to the other flank ( 4 ) extending edge ( 19 . 20 ) of the recess ( 9 ) in the inner wall ( 5 ). Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its inner wall ( 5 ) without interruption with a sealant ( 27 ) is coated. Spacer according to claim 17, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) contains a drying agent. Spacer according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) from one flank ( 3 ) to the other flank ( 4 ). Spacer according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) is or contains a polyisobutylene. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) a sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) is applied. Spacer according to claim 21, characterized in that the sealing or adhesive ( 28 ) is curing. Spacer according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) is a hot melt adhesive, in particular a reactive hot melt adhesive. Spacer according to claim 19 and 21, characterized in that on the inner wall ( 5 ) applied sealant ( 27 ) completely on the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) applied sealant or adhesive ( 28 ). Spacer according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that one or more sprouts ( 36 ) are inserted into it, which directly or indirectly by means of separate foot parts ( 37 ) on or in the sealant ( 27 ) are anchored. Spacer according to claim 25, characterized in that the sprouts ( 36 ) or their foot parts ( 37 ) on or in the sealant ( 27 ), without them to the inner wall ( 5 ) to penetrate. Spacer according to claim 26, characterized in that the foot parts ( 37 ) a plate ( 38 ) and a connection device (FIG. 40 ), which in a in the hollow rung ( 36 ) receiving part ( 42 ) intervenes. Spacer according to claim 27, characterized in that the plate ( 38 ) Recesses and / or breakthroughs ( 39 ), which displaced sealant ( 27 ) take up. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the predetermined angle is a right angle. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in all its corners an angle piece ( 13 ), which two by a joint ( 16 ) connected legs ( 14 . 15 ) Has. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle piece ( 13 ) under the inner wall ( 5 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 protrudes. Spacer according to claim 31, characterized in that both legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the angle piece ( 13 ) under the inner wall ( 5 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) protrude. Spacer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle piece ( 13 ) is prefabricated. Method for producing a frame-shaped spacer for insulating glass panes by (a) providing a hollow profile bar ( 1 ), which has an outer wall ( 2 ), two flanks ( 3 . 4 ) and an inner wall ( 5 ), (b) forming a number of recesses ( 9 ) in the hollow profile bar ( 1 ), which from the inner wall ( 5 ) go out and into the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) in towards the outer wall ( 2 ), without the outer wall ( 2 ), (c) inserting an equal number of elbows ( 13 ) in the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) by one of the recesses ( 9 ), whereby the angle pieces ( 13 ) two by one joint ( 16 ) connected legs ( 14 . 15 ), which in a position in which they include a predeterminable angle with each other, are fixable relative to each other, (d) forming the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) to a frame-shaped structure by the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) around the joint ( 16 ) of the respective angle piece ( 13 ) bent while the legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the respective angle piece ( 13 ) in the position in which they enclose the predeterminable angle with each other, are fixed relative to one another, (f) closing the frame-shaped structure to a spacer by connecting the ends of the profile rod ( 1 ) together. Method according to claim 34, characterized in that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the respective angle piece ( 13 ) are locked together in their position in which they include the predeterminable angle with each other. Method according to claim 34, characterized in that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) in the position in which they include the predetermined angle with each other, are locked together. Method according to claim 34, characterized in that the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) are brought into a positive engagement with each other, which they occupy when they include the predetermined angle with each other. A method according to claim 34, characterized in that the recess ( 9 ) is designed so that in the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) has the shape of a miter cut and that the inner wall ( 5 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) is located above the miter cuts. A method according to claim 38, characterized in that for the formation of the recess ( 9 ) the inner wall ( 5 ) on both sides of the miter cut to a predetermined length is removed. A method according to claim 39, characterized in that the length of the recess ( 11 ) in the inner wall ( 5 ) is dimensioned so that it is smaller than the length of the elongated angle pieces ( 13 ). Method according to one of claims 34 to 40, characterized in that the recess ( 9 ) by machining the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) is formed. A method according to claim 44, characterized in that the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) before machining in the area to be machined into a tool ( 47 ) is clamped, which the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) is supported from the outside and the wall portions of the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) spared. A method according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that the recess ( 9 ) is formed by punching or stinging. A method according to claim 43, characterized in that initially a part of the recess ( 9 ) in the inner wall ( 5 ) and in one of the flanks ( 4 ) by an inclined to the inner wall ( 5 ) and then the remaining recess ( 9 ) through an inner wall ( 5 ) inclined or parallel, opposite section is formed, wherein both cuts on the inside of the externally supported flanks ( 3 . 4 ) to meet. Method according to one of claims 34 to 44, characterized in that the legs ( 14 . 15 ) of the elbow ( 13 ) compared to the position in which its legs ( 14 . 15 ) are set in the predetermined angle, are pivoted in the opposite direction, so that the tips of the two legs ( 14 . 15 ) and that the legs ( 14 . 15 ) then simultaneously through the recess ( 9 ) through into the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) and brought into their extended position. Method according to one of claims 34 to 44, characterized in that the angle piece ( 13 ) with its one leg ( 14 ) through the recess ( 9 ) through so deep into the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) is pushed, that the other leg ( 15 ) through the recess ( 9 ) in the extended position of the outer wall ( 2 ) can be created and it is created, and that the elbow ( 13 ) then in the recess ( 9 ) is centered, in particular by being moved until one on the other leg ( 15 ) ( 15a ) on the edge ( 20 ) of the recess ( 9 ) strikes. Method according to one of claims 34 to 46, characterized in that between the steps (c) and (d) the entire inner wall ( 5 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) on its outside without interruption with a sealant ( 27 ) is coated. A method according to claim 47, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) so on the inner wall ( 5 ) is applied, that they have to escape the flanks ( 3 . 4 protrudes). A method according to claim 48, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) is applied so that they also partially the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) or a transition area ( 6 . 7 ) between the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) and the inner wall ( 5 ) covered. Method according to one of claims 44 to 49, characterized in that a sealing compound ( 27 ), which contains a desiccant. Method according to one of claims 34 to 50, characterized in that a sealing compound ( 27 ) is applied on the basis of polyisobutylene. Method according to one of claims 47 to 51, characterized in that between the steps (c) and (d) on the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) one directly to the sealant ( 27 ) subsequent sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) is applied, which is curable. A method according to claim 52, characterized in that first the sealant ( 27 ) and then the sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) is applied. A method according to claim 53, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) and the sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) are overlapping each other in time. Method according to one of claims 34 to 46, characterized in that on the profile bar ( 1 ) between the steps (c) and (d) a uniform sealant and adhesive is applied without interruption, which the inner wall ( 5 ) completely and the flanks ( 3 . 4 ) over the entire length of the profile bar ( 1 ) at least partially and preferably completely covered. Method according to claim 55, characterized that the uniform sealing and Adhesive contains a desiccant. Method according to one of claims 47 to 56, characterized in that in the sealant ( 27 ) or in the uniform sealant and adhesive, with which the inner wall ( 5 ) of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) is coated at predetermined locations foot parts ( 37 ) for sprouts ( 36 ) without the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealing and adhesive composition except for the inner wall ( 5 ). A method according to claim 57, characterized in that the predetermined locations on the sealant ( 27 ) or on the uniform sealant and adhesive, which on the inner wall ( 5 ) is marked before the foot parts ( 37 ) in the sealant ( 27 ) or pressed into the uniform sealant and adhesive. Method according to claim 57 or 58, characterized in that after forming the corners ( 31 to 34 ) Sprouts ( 36 ) on the foot parts ( 37 ) are plugged. Method according to one of claims 47 to 57, characterized in that at least the sealing compound ( 27 ) or the uniform sealing and adhesive composition over at least one of the ends of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) on the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) is applied. Process according to Claim 60 and according to one of Claims 49 to 52, characterized in that the adhesive ( 28 ) over at least one of the ends of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) on the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) is applied. A method according to claim 60 or 61, characterized in that prior to the application of the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive a straight connector ( 35 ) so in one of the ends of the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) is projected that it protrudes beyond this end, and that at least the sealant ( 27 ), preferably also the adhesive ( 28 ), at least a little bit on the protruding portion of the connector ( 35 ) is applied. Process according to claim 62, characterized in that the sealing compound ( 27 ) and optionally also the sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) only to a part of the length of the projecting portion of the connector ( 35 ) is applied, and adjacent to the end of the hollow profile bar ( 1 ). A method according to claim 63, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of the on the connector ( 35 ) applied sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive and optionally also the adhesive ( 28 ) with increasing distance from the end of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) decreases. A method according to claim 64, characterized in that the application of the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive, and preferably also the adhesive ( 28 ) on the connector ( 35 ) begins and the thickness of the order is increased approximately to the beginning of the hollow profile bar. A method according to claim 64 or 65, characterized in that the contour of the on the connector ( 35 ) applied sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive and preferably also on the connector ( 35 ) if necessary applied adhesive ( 28 ) is subsequently changed by means of a trimming tool. Method according to one of claims 60 to 66, characterized in that over the other end of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ), in which during the application of the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive and optionally of adhesive ( 28 ) no connector ( 35 ), protruding sealant ( 27 ) and / or adhesive ( 28 ) is subsequently shortened by a trimming tool to a predetermined length of its supernatant. A method according to claim 66 or 67, characterized that a heated wire is used as trim tool. Method according to one of claims 60 to 68, characterized in that the compressed by closing the spacer sealant ( 27 ) or uniform sealant and adhesive and, if appropriate, provided adhesive ( 28 ) be leveled later. Method according to one of claims 47 to 57, characterized in that before the application of the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive in one of the ends of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) a straight connector ( 35 ) is inserted so that it over the end of the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) protrudes that the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive and optionally also the adhesive ( 28 ) so on the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) is applied, that after closing the spacer by inserting the projecting portion of the connector ( 35 ) in the opposite end of the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) a gap in the layer of the sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive remains, which subsequently by applying further sealant ( 27 ) or sealant and adhesive is closed. A method according to claim 70, characterized in that for the subsequent feeding of sealant ( 27 ) or sealant and adhesive a width-adjustable nozzle ( 59 ) used which has an inner side, which is the contour of the surface of the outside of the joint on the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) applied sealant ( 27 ) or the uniform sealant and adhesive and optionally also the sealant or adhesive ( 28 ) is adjusted. Method according to claim 71, characterized in that the nozzle ( 59 ) both transversely to the hollow profile bar ( 1 ) as well as in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile rod ( 1 ) is movable. Method according to one of claims 34 to 72, characterized in that in the spacer four recesses ( 9 ) are formed.