DE102005040805A1 - Through-flow water turbine for power and irrigation has horizontal inflow focusing funnel and diverting device to direct water in two flows onto turbine wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The turbine has a free flow horizontal inflow focusing funnel (4) and a diverting device (5) at the end of the water inlet section, which combines with the housing walls (4d, 4e) to divide the water into two flows directed onto the turbine wheel (2). The turbine wheel chamber (7) is connected to a horizontal induction tube (8).

Description

The invention relates to a Durchströmturbine for use in free water flows with all-round flow around and no usable intake pipe head, with in the preamble of claim 1 and some in patent DE 3327457 specified design features.

• a) Unterwassereinsatz bevorzugt in Formationen und schwimmend angeordnet auf hoher See zur Gewinnung von Strom aus der Energie der Meeresströmung, zur Nutzung stetiger oder bzw. und Gezeitenströmungen;
• b) Unterwassereinsatz – vorzugsweise schwimmend – in Fließgewässern zur Gewinnung von Strom aus der Energie der Strömung, in Kombinations- und Kompaktausführung mit einem el. Generator als leicht zu installierendes Kleinkraftwerk für unterentwickelte Regionen in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern;
• c) als Zusatzeinrichtungen an Offshore-Windenergieanlagen zur zusätzlichen Gewinnung von Strom aus der Meeresströmung, insbesondere an Anlagen mit autark ablaufendem Inselbetrieb, mindestens zur Stromversorgung der Betriebseinrichtungen an Bord von autarken Offshore Windkraftanlagen,
• d) in Kombination mit a) und c) als (mit) tragender Unterwasser-Schwimmkörper für schwimmende Offshore-Wind- und Wasserkraftanlagen,
• e) in Kombination mit a), c) und d) als Einrichtung zur Bewirkung eines variierbaren Auftriebes zur Nutzung als Korrekturgröße bei Stabilisierungs- und Schwingungsdämpfungsmaßnahmen an schwimmenden Offshore-Wind- und Wasserkraftanlagen.

The future-oriented fields of application and tasks intended for the subject of the invention are:

• (a) underwater use, preferably in formations and floating on the high seas, for the purpose of obtaining electricity from the energy of the ocean current, using continuous or or tidal currents;
• (b) underwater use - preferably floating - in flowing waters to obtain electricity from the energy of the flow, in combination and compact design with an electric generator as an easily installed small power station for underdeveloped regions in developing and transition countries;
• (c) as ancillary equipment to offshore wind turbines for additional generation of electricity from the ocean current, in particular to installations with self-sufficient island operation, at least for the power supply of the operating facilities on board self-sufficient offshore wind turbines;
• (d) in combination with (a) and (c), as a (self-supporting) submersible floating body for floating offshore wind and hydroelectric power plants,
• (e) in combination with (a), (c) and (d), as a means of providing variable lift for use as a correction factor in stabilization and vibration damping measures on floating offshore wind and hydroelectric power plants.

Aspects of energy production, in particular by means of flow-through turbines: Considering the finiteness of fossil fuels, an intensive development of regenerative, sustainable energies is a globally recognized and recognized requirement of our epoch, also because of the compelling need for action to reduce the CO ₂ pollution of our atmosphere, but also to preserve it of a (residual) stock of basic materials and substances that are vital for mankind and the economy, and which are vital in fossil fuels.

Under available stationary renewable energy resources already have wind energy - at least with an important share - as a future one Energy supplier favors.

For the supply Sustainable, low-emission energies are already extensive Wind turbines projects developed and realized on land, one Increase (except some repowering actions) is after technical and economic Aspects hardly possible. Also, landscape conservation and eco-trends speak in the population on the other hand.

A intensive and lucrative development of wind power offers itself at sea, where strength and continuity the wind are much more intense and cheaper. Furthermore come for the acceptance and feasibility of a wind turbine or a Parks even more aspects like noise immission, shadow, optical compatibility and above all, nature and landscape protection aspects rather to bear. But even here, the latter aspects are often the realization nearer to the coast Offshore wind turbines.

Reinforced Lately the planning and realization of offshore wind turbines operated on the high seas. The disadvantage here are the higher expenses for foundations especially in deep waters and expenses for the network connection.

As a way out against the need for in-depth, costly foundations, "floating offshore wind turbines" are available, as already provided, for example, in the Ventotec East 2 offshore wind farm in planning, or in the patent applications DE 10219062 . EP 1366209 . EP 1269018 . EP 1169670 DE 10 205 040 803.6, DE 10 2005 040 797.8 are described. Such systems work particularly efficiently when on board - as described and claimed in the first-mentioned patent application - the power generated is used without transmission losses and expensive and thus expensive transmission facilities for the recovery of the upcoming "hydrogen economy" so important energy carrier hydrogen.

at such floating facilities on the open sea, however, are inevitably Roughness of the water surface, which can cause vibrations on the system, one if possible to be encountered problem.

A Objective and task of the present inventive concept consists therefore in perfecting the possibilities and facilities for use and operation of floating, especially self-sufficient working offshore wind turbines according to the aforementioned use cases d) and e).

Further huge energy resources surpassing everything else, previously less developed energy potentials are in the ocean current.

their Usage is - like the relatively low previous realization also proves - by Energy recovery plants with buildings built in the sea consuming and because of their endangerment very problematic due to the roughness of the sea.

present Subject of the invention is particularly based on the use of moderate, but steady underwater currents tuned to the seas. In addition to a substantial consistency of this Energy supply, underwater use also has the advantage that working under such conditions not working facilities or at least to a lesser extent the destructive rough Surface wave gears exposed are. Furthermore sets - anticipating the main benefit of the inventive concept - the achievement of a required Also on the turbine outlet an exclusively air-free flooding the turbine and the invention still to be described Additional equipment required.

One for one such use of conventional hydroelectric engines deleteriously The fact is that under the intended conditions of use a only low (pressure-related) pressure gradient for use in the hydropower plant is available. There is also no usable drop height for the important, for the Most turbines mandatory intake manifold to effect a safe Discharge of the Working medium from the active work area. This is special in the case of the present modified type of turbine, the throughflow turbine in the manner of the known Ossberg turbine with double-flow impeller particularly relevant, otherwise it mutates to the water vortex brake. Especially under the conditions of use of the energy gain largely only from the flow energy at a still low flow rate is drawn, are for it no or only very limited Dimensions conventional Hydropower machines suitable and usable.

The primary Objective for The subject of the invention is therefore the creation of a water turbine concept, the for the use in flowing waters without geodesic fall height for a Suction tube is suitable.

• d) das Turbinengehäuse mit einer Ummantelung mit Auftrieb bildende Hohlräume ausgestattet ist;
• e) das Turbinengehäuse und seine Ummantelung außen leitflächenhafte Konturen aufweist, die anstellwinkelabhängig zur äußeren freien Strömung, für Schwingungs-Dämpfungsprozesse nutzbar, variierbare Auftriebs- oder Senkkräfte bewirken.

The solutions of the stated objectives consist essentially in that the well-known and proven Ossberger turbine (with execution features according to DE 3327457 and the patents referred to therein) which is particularly suitable for low differential pressures and drop heights, is modified according to the invention. This modification consists essentially in the fact that it is provided to fulfill its function without Saugrohr-fall height in their intended use fields a), b) and c) with the embodiments and claims described in more detail embodiment and supplements in a manner that the surrounding flow exerts an injector effect on the turbine outlet and thus a suction which allows for a lossless - or at least low - partial radial impeller flow, the further case of application

• d) the turbine housing is provided with a jacket with buoyancy-forming cavities;
• e) the turbine housing and its outer casing has conductive surface contours, the angle of attack depending on the outer free flow, usable for vibration damping processes, cause variable buoyancy or lowering forces.

details the embodiments of the invention go out of the claims and descriptions of the embodiments out.

The achievable functions and advantages resulting from the inventive fulfillment of Objectives. Details about Functions of the embodiments according to the invention with their brought benefits also go from the claims and the descriptions of the embodiments out.

Of the The subject of the application is described below with reference to drawings explained.

1 shows a schematic representation of a modified according to the invention Durchströmturbine (on the type of Ossberg turbine) with largely horizontal flow,
with features and means for utilizing the energy of the outer flow to cause a suction on a horizontally disposed suction tube,
with leitflächenhafter design of the housing surfaces and with housing cavities to effect buoyancy.

2 includes a schematic sectional view of a flow turbine according to the invention with horizontal inflow and outflow, wherein the largely horizontally impinged impeller chamber merges into a short vertical chute, the flow coming from the inflow side flow channels with such a design that they cause an injector and the turbine wastewater over a horizontal arranged, acting as a diffuser suction pipe back to the open flow.

3 shows a plan view sectional views of 3 .
in the sectional plane AB with a generator integrated into the impeller,
in section plane CD the chute with him passing, designed as an injector channel formations.

description to the representations

To 1

That on the turbine shaft 1 seated impeller 2 with a blading known for this type of turbine 3 is from the above the inlet funnel 4 Focused flow water applied radially. The inlet funnel, which is arranged largely horizontally in the flow direction 4 conditional radial inflow is through the curved inlet funnel edge portions 4d and 4e and by means of a deflecting and guide piece 5 for (slightly) tangential inflow deflected into the impeller. The subsequent, running close to the impeller circumference lower Radkammerumwandung 6a goes into an extended free space 6c and then into the subsequent intake manifold 8th above. On the upper side closes shortly after the inlet manifold 4d an air dome 7 on, who also in the intake manifold 8th passes.

In contrast to conventional embodiments of Durchströmturbinen, where a drop height for a suction pipe is available and can be used so that a drainage of the water is ensured, which churning losses are avoided in the non-active impeller parts, here according to the invention for lack of drop height flow energy from the outside the turbine housing umstreichende, from the inlet funnel 4 unrecognized flows used to form an intense suction in the intake manifold.

First, it is assumed to illustrate a further difficulty due to the operation that the intake manifold 8th fulfilled his task. In a closed impeller chamber, it is inevitably filled with water at full inflow. To avoid a performance-damaging flooding is therefore the inactive part of the impeller through the air dome 7 recorded and covered. Since a trained therein air cushion -. B. from startup ago - because of the suction effect of the suction pipe and the mixing tendency is not maintained, is a continuous ventilation option for this room 7 required.

By comparison, in conventional flow-through turbines with a substantially vertical suction pipe with a constant suction height, a ventilation valve is provided which is set to a defined negative pressure which corresponds to a predetermined water column height in the suction pipe. In the present application without drop height with the embodiments according to the invention described in more detail for effecting a suction, the suction intensity depends on the different flow velocities of the running water, which is also influenced by the surface wave at sea. In addition, strict precautions must be taken that not air in the diffuser acting as a diffuser 8th passes, which would be disturbed because of their ability to expand the negative pressure physical conditions for a diffuser effect.

In the present embodiment, therefore, a water level-dependent, with the free atmosphere via line 9 connected ventilation valve 10 with at one over the Saugrohreingans upper edge ( 8a ) lying level. The course of the line 10a approximately corresponds to the surface contour of the water flowing through the impeller in continuation of a swelling caused by the circumferential twist 10b , In the case of the vacuum fluctuations in the intake manifold, which are possible by means of a plurality of influencing variables, the water level in the region of the non-active impeller part may increase as the suction intensity or or spontaneously increased water supply increases, which results in turbulences which are detrimental to performance. In order to counteract this effect, at least to limit it, in order to avoid a venting of the air dome which is harmful in this case, it is harmful 7 the valve 10 Also provided for increasing water level with a closing function.

Valve 9 For example, it consists of the following components:
a valve shaft arranged vertically in the turbine housing 11 ; with a floating float inside 12 ; an associated valve body 13 with oppositely arranged valve cones 12a and 12b ; two valve seats associated with the valve cones 14a and 14b ; a resulting from the valve body, in a damping cylinder 17 projecting damping piston 16 , The upper valve chamber is above the duct 14 and a continuing hose connection with the free atmosphere. Conveniently, this air hose is bundled with an already obligatory power connection cable and ends above the water level on a collection or inverter station, or, depending on the application, on a wind turbine platform.

To fulfill the objectives, the effect of a "suction tube effect without drop height", as well as the modification of a water engine to the portable floating body with controllable variable capacities, the housing of the continuous turbine according to the invention has the following Oberflä equipment and ancillary equipment

The inner walls 4a . 7a . 8a and 4b . 6b . 8b Turbine make with one from the beginning 4c until the end 8d extending stromlinieförmigen outer panel 20 and 21 the outer contours of the turbine housing. The gaps 22 and 23 provide the buoyant volumes. The outer walls 22 and 23 are, preferably from the inlet funnel end, walls 23 and 24 associated in a manner such that they begin at their, the flow-oriented beginnings 24a . 24b Flow water capture and the interstices, the channels 26 . 27 have the geometric shape of a nozzle with speed-accelerating effect on the infiltrated water, the narrowest points of the channels 25a . 25b in the area of the suction tube end 8d are located. The cross sections and their courses of the channels acting as nozzle 26 . 27 , the suction pipe acting as a diffuser 8th , the effective flow area of the impeller 2 / 3 and the inlet funnel 4 are tuned to each other, that from the channels 26 . 27 outflowing medium on the from the suction pipe 8th outflowing medium exerts an injector effect. So no flow separation between the water layers from the channels 25 . 25 and the suction tube 8th remains - especially as in the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the continuous turbine and their preferred multiple juxtaposition the side parts are disadvantaged in this regard - is in the outflow from the suction tube a swirling guide 28 arranged.

To intensify the suction effect of the suction pipe 8th and for pulse-free speed adjustment of the liquid mixture from the channels 25 . 26 and the suction tube 8th are the walls 24 . 25 in the following extension 24b - 24c and 25b - 25c so continued, that the interior 29 exerts a diffuser function. The inner wall 24 . 25 is again with a streamlined outer wall 30 . 31 provided, both in turn buoyancy forming cavities 32 . 33 create. In favorable constellations of the inner and outer wall courses and the flow rate differences between the inner flow and outer edge flow can at the diffuser end 24c . 25c again an injector on the second diffuser 29 outflowing medium are allowed. This can be an increased suction in the intake manifold 8th the efficiency of the turbine are again favorably influenced.

The guiding outer education of the turbine housing allows by tilting the Effecting the desired, for stability control vertical force actions useful by floating engine mounts. These are based on the low flow rates the forces acting "by beam deflection a plate ".

For the use of the hydrodynamic machine according to the invention for utilizing the ocean current, a plurality of such throughflow turbines according to the invention are advantageously combined next to one another to form a structural unit. It is also advantageous, the wheels 2 to arrange on a continuous shaft on which a generator sits on one end face.

For such Applications, where the turbine is arranged in whole formations and positioned "under water", is her at least one about bracing associated with her floating on the water level floating float assigned. This preferably has a flow-friendly, low-resistance Shaping and allocation. The buoyancy of both floats are like this coordinated, that only a small proportion of the required buoyancy both from the upper water swimming body is provided. As a result, this volume can be kept small, thereby the surface wave of the sea to the floating stability or calm of the "floating Turbine "not like that disturbing effect. Furthermore, he does not require and does not offer much through this Sea roughness endangered Attack surfaces, what even a quieter horizontal positioning - which is special in associations several floating hydropower machines is up to date.

To 2 and 3 ,

That on his shaft 41 sitting paddle wheel 42 with his blades 42a and the radial flow channels 42b is in the turbine housing 43 rotatably mounted. The housing 43 forms with its inner contours 43 and 43b the inlet funnel 44 , with its inner contour 43c the impeller chamber 45 and with the other inner part of a chute 46 for the water flowing out of the paddle wheel. At the inlet funnel end is a vane 47 arranged the focused inflow of water into two the paddle wheel 42 largely tangential inflowing channels 44b and 44c Splits.

In the chute 46 Below are an injector effect effecting merging channel systems:
An outgoing from the upstream side rectangular upper channel 48 acting as inlet funnel, goes with a - functionally forming a nozzle - reducing cross-sectional profile in the bottleneck 49 above. A continuation concentrically assigned to the function of a diffuser performing channel with its initial cross-section 50 and his end cross-section 51 takes over the flow from the front channel 48 / 49 ). Your transitional parts are designed and positioned in the chute and the channel courses of inlet funnel 48 / 49 and suction pipe 50 / 51 matched so that by an injector effect at the transition area 49 - 50 Water in the chute in the diffuser acting as a suction tube 50 / 51 sucked in and over the diffuser end 51 the free ocean current is supplied again. With an appropriate vote of a lying below the ocean current exit velocity of Sogeffekt can be increased.

In order for the injector effect to be formed reliably (no boundary layer separation takes place between differently fast flows), these channel structures are proposed to be designed in multiple arrangements in order to limit the cross sections and secure mixing. In the present embodiment, these are arranged in two planes, parallel to the upper channels 48 / 49 . 50 / 51 the lower channels 52 / 53 . 54 / 55 ,

For the purpose of a streamlined all-round accessibility of the water from the chute to the inflow channels 57 to 59 especially to the lower ones 58 . 59 , these channels are designed waisted, so that a fairly wide vertical inflow area for the discharged "exploited" water remains.

The generator to be powered to generate electricity is inside the paddle wheel 42 housed with an upstream, fast translating planetary gear. For this purpose, in the region of its longitudinal extension, in a modification of the impeller wheel which is radially open in continuous turbines, there is a drum wall on the inside 60 Mistake. In this area, the turbine is a positive displacement machine, in which expediently the blades 61 cup-shaped and steeper are formed and arranged. impeller shaft 41 is shortened from this in a wall of a housing-fixed gear and generator flange 62 stored, which forms the housing of a transmission and the electric generator. That on the generator shaft 65 sitting inner planet wheel 66 is from the on the impeller-fixed bridge 69 stored planet gears 67 driven, which further with a housing-fixed outer internally toothed planetary gear 68 to interfere.

A Maintaining the impeller as Durchströmturbine over its entire length can be achieved when the generator outside diameter is much smaller than the paddle wheel inner diameter. This is in view of the large volume throughputs and therefore relatively large Design of the paddle wheel with the relatively small energy content the free flow through a tubular motor-like execution of the generator certainly easily possible.

Outside the outer generator base 70 the continuous generator shaft carries a clutch 71 for flanging further such flow-through turbines without a generator. The use of coupled turbines promises advantages in terms of cost, and it is also likely to be favorable because of the above-mentioned fluidic aspects with regard to the injector effect, not to design very large turbines of this type.

When combining multiple turbines into a structural unit, an advantageous design coupling variant is that the generator shaft 65 a generator arranged only once is designed as a hollow shaft through which a shaft connected to the wheels of adjacent turbines shaft is guided, in turn, with its own impeller shaft 41 rotatably connected. This saves not only the multiple arrangement of generators, but also the transmission. Of course, on the generatorless side, the impeller shafts of adjacent turbines can be directly coupled.

For a secure protection against the ingress of water and as a support for the sealing measures, it seems advantageous to provide the generator interior with a compressed air supply low pressure levels, as a counterpart against the externally acting water pressure. Again, a hose line bundling with the power cable as in the application to DE 10 205 040 804.4 is proposed to be advantageous.

To fulfill the essential, well-known, under 1 described condition with flow-through turbines, the freedom from water not active impeller parts, is also in the present embodiment by a double-acting air valve 72 fulfilled, with the free atmosphere via a circulation pipe 73 communicates. Its elements and functions correspond substantially to the pos 9 under 1 Noted. Conveniently, underwater use the connection line to the free atmosphere is also paired with the obligatory power line again.

For the use of the turbine as a supporting component in floating offshore power plants is the turbine housing 43 with several buoyancy causing air chambers 30a , b, c, d 70a - 70d fitted. These, even with a balanced ratio to the weight of the turbine, can facilitate their handling during transport, installation and repair

1

1

turbine shaft

2

Wheel

3

blading

4

feed hopper

4d

Einlautkrümmer

4d, 4e

Edge games in 4

5

guide piece

6

impeller chamber

6a

Conversion of 6

6c

Free space in 6

7

Air dome in 6

8th

suction tube

8a

Top edge in 8th

9

vent line

10

vent valve

10a

Water upper edge in 2

10b

water top

outside of the impeller

11

valve box

12

swimmer

13

valve body

14

valve seat

15

Connection line to 7

16

damping piston

17

Damping cylinder in 11

20 21

outer housing wall

22 23

cavity

24 25

wall

26 27

channel

28

guide

29

diffuser

30 31

outer wall

32 33

cavity

41

Schaufelradwelle

42

Schaufelrad

42a

Laufschaufel

42b

Laufschaufeldurchströmkanal

43

Turbinengehäuse

43a, 43b, 43c, 43d

Wandungen von 43

43e, 43f, 43g, 43h

Hohlraum in 43

44

Einlauftrichter

44a,

Erfassungsfläche von 44

45

Laufradkammer

46

Fallschacht

47

Wasserstand in 46

48

Einlauftrichteranfang in mittlerer Ebene C-D

48a, 48b

Mehrfachanordnung von 48a auf Ebene C-D

49

Einlauftrichterende in mittlerer Ebene C-D

49a, 49b

Mehrfachanordnung von 49 auf Ebene C-D

50

Saugrohranfang in mittleren Ebene C-D

50a, 50b

Mehrfachanordnung von 50 in Ebene C-D

51

Saugrohrende in mittleren Ebene C-D

51a, 51b

Mehrfachanordnung von 51 in Ebene C-D

52

Saugrohranfang in unterer Ebene E-F

52a, 55b

Mehrfachanordnung von 52 in Ebene E-F

56-59

Injkektor-Zuströmkanäle aus 46

60

partielle Laufradtrommelwandung

61

Laufschaufelausführung zu 60

62

Gehäuseflansch (Gehäuse von 62-69)

63

Generator-Stator

64

Generator-Rotor

65

Generator-Welle

66

inneres Sonnenrad

67

Planetenrad

68

äußeres Sonnenrad

69

Steg

70

äußeres Generatorlager

71

Kupplung

72

Be- und Entlüftungsventil

73

Verbindungsleitung zur freien Atmosphäre

2 and 3

41

bucket wheel

42

paddle wheel

42a

blade

42b

Laufschaufeldurchströmkanal

43

turbine housing

43a, 43b, 43c, 43d

Walls of 43

43e, 43f, 43g, 43h

Cavity in 43

44

feed hopper

44a,

Detection area of 44

45

impeller chamber

46

chute

47

Water level in 46

48

Inlet funnel beginning in middle level CD

48a, 48b

Multiple arrangement of 48a on level CD

49

Inlet funnel end in middle level CD

49a, 49b

Multiple arrangement of 49 on level CD

50

Intake manifold beginning in middle level CD

50a, 50b

Multiple arrangement of 50 in level CD

51

Suction tube end in middle level CD

51a, 51b

Multiple arrangement of 51 in level CD

52

Intake manifold beginning in lower level EF

52a, 55b

Multiple arrangement of 52 in level EF

56-59

Injkektor inflow channels out 46

60

partial impeller drum wall

61

Blade design too 60

62

Housing flange (housing of 62 - 69 )

63

Generator stator

64

Generator rotor

65

Generator shaft

66

inner sun wheel

67

planet

68

outer sun gear

69

web

70

outer generator bearing

71

clutch

72

Ventilation valve

73

Connecting line to the free atmosphere

Claims (22)

Through-flow water turbine for use in free currents, consisting of a partially impinged paddle wheel with double flow, a subsequent suction, a Radkammerausbildung such and including a vent valve so that the non-active Schaufelradpartien be kept largely free of water by a forming air dome, characterized in that the water supply path is designed as a free flow detecting inlet and focussing funnel ( 4 ) is formed with a substantially horizontal flow axis, at the end of Wasserzuführstrecke a partial and deflection device ( 5 ) is arranged, these and the housing walls ( 4d . 4e ) are formed so that they divert the inflowing water divided and directed down the paddle wheel ( 2 / 3 ), the Schaufelradkammer ( 7 ) a substantially horizontally extending suction tube ( 8th ), the wheel chamber ( 7 ) on the water outlet side one has upwardly extending free space in which a ventilation valve ( 10 ), the outer walls of the turbine housing ( 20 . 21 ) have a substantially free-flow flow-conforming, wing-like structure to the rear portion of the turbine housing ( 20 . 21 ) a sheath ( 24 . 25 ) arranged with the turbine outer wall ( 20 . 21 ) a channel ( 26 . 27 ), wherein this with a free flow dressed far distance ( 26a . 27a ) starts and gets to the end ( 8d ) of the turbine intake manifold ( 8th ) so that the channels ( 26 . 27 ) have the function of a flow rate increasing nozzle and whose outlet part obliquely to the central axis of the turbine suction ( 8th ), a double-sided turbine casing ( 26 . 27 ) from the channel gorge ( 26b . 27b ) and outer turbine housing wall ( 24b . 25b ) is extended to the end of the structure ( 24c . 25c ) for the merged streams from the channels ( 26 . 27 ) and the turbine intake manifold ( 8th ) another suction tube ( 29 ), the outer walls ( 30 . 31 ) of the sheath ( 26 . 27 ) have on the outer flow around a wing-like structure, casing and turbine housing buoyancy causing cavities ( 22 . 23 . 32 . 33 ) exhibit. Through-flow water turbine for use in free currents, consisting of a partially impinged paddle wheel with double flow through its blading, a subsequent intake manifold, with a Radkammerausbildung so involving a vent valve so that the non-active Schaufelradpartien be kept largely free of water by a forming air dome , characterized in that the water supply path as a free flow detecting inlet and Fokussrichter funnel ( 44 ) is formed with a substantially horizontal flow axis, at the end of the Wasserzuführstrecke a guide ( 47 ) the flow into two partial streams ( 44b . 44c ), of which the lower the paddle wheel ( 42 ) substantially horizontally and the upper the paddle wheel ( 42 ) flows largely vertically downwards, the Schaufelradkammer a downwardly extending chute ( 46 ), in the vertical transition region between paddle wheel chamber and chute, a ventilation valve ( 72 ), in the lower level of the chute another, the free flow detecting inlet funnel ( 48 ) is arranged, which has the function of a flow rate accelerating nozzle with a largely horizontal, narrowing flow guide nozzle whose end ( 49 ) in the chute, to the nozzle end ( 49 ) of the first channel to a cross-section further channel connects with a the channel walls ( 49 ) of the first enclosing larger initial cross-section ( 50 ), which runs parallel to the outer flow direction until its end ( 51 ) so that it forms a diffuser, wherein the cross-sectional profiles of both channels ( 48 - 49 ) 50 - 51 ) and the differential cross-sectional areas ( 56 . 57 ) are matched to one another in their axial overlap so that on the inflow channels formed by the differential surfaces ( 56 - 59 ) an injector effect and thus a suction is exerted on the medium in the chute, these channels ( 48 - 49 ) 50 - 51 ) are arranged vertically above one another in several planes (AB and CD), these channels ( 48 - 49 ) 50 - 51 ) in the individual horizontal planes (AB), (CD) several times ( 48a - 49a ) 48b - 49b ) are arranged side by side, these channels are structured waisted in the horizontal planes, their narrowest width extension in the region of the inflow ( 56 . 57 . 58 . 59 ) is located in the chute, wherein this narrowest part of the channels in the upper level (AB) is made narrower than that of the lower level (CD), the outer walls ( 43 . 43c . 43f ) of the turbine are designed so that the water flowing around the turbine to the Saugrohrausgang ( 51 . 55 ) exerts a suction, the turbine housing buoyancy causing cavities ( 30a . 30b . 30c . 30d ) includes. Through-flow water turbine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the free flow sensing entrance surface ( 4c . 44a ) of the inlet funnel ( 4 . 44 ) at least three times the turbine inlet area ( 4f + 4g . 44b + 44c ) is. Through-flow water turbine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the ventilation valve ( 10 . 72 ) one the water level ( 10 . 47 ) in the impeller chamber ( 7 ) or in the chute ( 46 ) ( 12 ) has an associated valve body ( 13 ) with water-level-dependent closing capabilities for connecting the upper impeller chamber chamber ( 7 . 47 ) with a connecting line ( 11 . 73 ) to the free atmosphere. Through-flow water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that the ventilation valve with its valve body ( 13 ) and valve seat ( 14 ) has two closed positions, one for a predetermined lower, and one for a predetermined upper water level. Crossflow according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the side of his Paddle wheel is arranged an electric generator. Throughflow turbine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the interior of its paddle wheel ( 42 ) an electric generator driven by it ( 64 / 64 ) is arranged. Throughflow turbine according to claim 1, 2 and 7, characterized in that the generator is preceded by a fast translating gear, preferably designed as a planetary gear ( 66 - 69 ) Throughflow turbine according to claim 1, 2 and 7, characterized in that the generator is designed to be slim in the manner of a tubular motor, one with respect to the inner Schaufelraddurchmesser ( 2 . 42 ) has substantially thinner outer diameter. Throughflow turbine according to claim 1, 2 and 8, characterized in that housing ( 62 ) of the generator ( 63 / 64 ) with its upstream transmission ( 66 - 69 ) in its radial extent over a partial length of the impeller ( 42 ) largely the entire space within the paddle wheel ( 42 ), the paddle wheel ( 42 ) in this longitudinal section within its blading a drum-shaped wall ( 60 ), wherein over this wall ( 60 ) the blades ( 61 ) have a blade shape suitable for a radial turbine. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a plurality of these Durchströmturbinen to an assembly are summarized, preferably in a plane next to each other are positioned. Through-flow water turbine according to claim 1, 2, and 11, characterized in that combined to form an assembly Durchström-Wasserurbinen a continuous Schaufelradwelle ( 1 . 41 ) and an electric machine driven by it. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the entire turbine design one in horizontal Plane has pivotable attachment device. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, thereby marked that in the pivotable fastening device a pivoting adjusting actuator is integrated, or her one is assigned. Through-flow water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that it is connected to a float arranged above it, so that both form a uniform floatable system, their spatial associations are such that the upper water inlet base at the inlet funnel ( 4 . 44 ) lies below the water surface. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized They additionally to an electric generator, or alternatively instead having a driven by the impeller water pump. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized marked, the the water pump is a peristaltic pump, in which these preferably outside and is arranged laterally of the paddle wheel and a lengthened, after Outside guided Paddlewheel shaft carries the arms of the squeezing and rolling body of a peristaltic pump. Flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that it has buoyant, design and functional features of a self-sufficient and automatically operating small power plant, equipped with electrical and electronic components for converting the generated current to a predetermined frequency and voltage is, mechanical, electrical and electronic components and measuring devices and a control device, which are such that the demanded of the turbine electrical power -. B. by preemption circuits and shutdown of individual Verbrauchererkreise-, which demanded him pump power -. B., is regulated by limiting the delivery volume of the pump so that the known, the Leistungsmaxima a flow _machine determining flow _{rate ratio} v _inflow / v _outflow = 2 is substantially maintained. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized marked on board her over it, connected to her Float one Water treatment plant is installed, which is powered by the Generator generated electricity is operated. Through-flow water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that their sealed from the water interior such. B. gear or generator housing or housing electronic-electrical components are subjected to a compressed air atmosphere, wherein the internal pressure to be built on the outer water pressure applied to it, resulting from the geodetic overlying water level and caused by currents and turbulences Staudruckbeaufschlagungen. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any further preceding claims, characterized characterized in that in its water inflow area a protective grid or a transmitting device with Meeresgetier driving away or keep away Emanations such as magnetic fields, electric fields of tension, sound or light is arranged. The flow-through water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and any other above by characterized in that their active parts with a fouling and Marine small animal stocking preventing coating are coated.