DE102005029511A1 - Device used in medical X-ray devices comprises screen consisting of at least two materials for absorbing X-ray radiation - Google Patents
Device used in medical X-ray devices comprises screen consisting of at least two materials for absorbing X-ray radiation Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005029511A1 DE102005029511A1 DE102005029511A DE102005029511A DE102005029511A1 DE 102005029511 A1 DE102005029511 A1 DE 102005029511A1 DE 102005029511 A DE102005029511 A DE 102005029511A DE 102005029511 A DE102005029511 A DE 102005029511A DE 102005029511 A1 DE102005029511 A1 DE 102005029511A1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001070944 Mimosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016462 Mimosa pudica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009607 mammography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/10—Safety means specially adapted therefor
- A61B6/107—Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4035—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis the source being combined with a filter or grating
- A61B6/4042—K-edge filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
- G21F1/125—Laminated shielding materials comprising metals
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung mit einer Abschirmung zur Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung gemäß Patentanspruch 1.The The invention relates to a device with a shield for absorption of X-rays according to claim 1.
Beim Einsatz von einer Röntgenstrahlung in medizinischen Röntgengeräten muss dafür gesorgt sein, dass die Röntgenstrahlung weder Menschen noch empfindlichen Anlagenkomponenten, zum Beispiel einer Geräteelektronik, Schaden zufügen kann. Im Allgemeinen sind deshalb Abschirmungen aus Blei zur Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung an dem Röntgengerät und an den Gerätekomponenten angeordnet. Festkörperdetektoren zum Beispiel weisen häufig eine mindestens 3 mm dicke Bleischicht auf der Innenoberfläche ihres Gehäuses auf, ebenso sind Röntgenstrahler von einer mindestens 3 mm dicken Bleischicht umgeben mit Ausnahme einer Austrittsöffnung für die Röntgenstrahlung. Blei besitzt in einem großen Teil des für die Anwendung von Röntgenstrahlung relevanten Energiebereichs einen relativ hohen Absorptionskoeffizienten mit Ausnahme des so genannten K-Kanten-Einbruchs. Blei ist außerdem sehr schwer und in hohem Maße toxisch.At the Use of an X-ray in medical x-ray equipment must be taken care of that the x-ray radiation neither humans nor sensitive plant components, for example a device electronics, Cause harm can. In general, therefore, lead shields are for absorption of X-rays on the X-ray machine and on the device components arranged. Solid state detectors for example, they are common an at least 3 mm thick layer of lead on the inner surface of her housing on, as are X-ray sources surrounded by a minimum of 3 mm thick lead layer except an outlet opening for the X-rays. Lead owns in a big one Part of for the application of X-rays relevant energy range has a relatively high absorption coefficient with the exception of the so-called K-edge burglary. Lead is also very good hard and to a great extent toxic.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung mit einer Abschirmung zu versehen, die neben einer guten Abschirmwirkung ein möglichst geringes Gewicht und eine möglichst untoxische Zusammensetzung aufweist.It Object of the present invention, a device with a To provide shielding, in addition to a good shielding effect preferably low weight and one possible having a nontoxic composition.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung mit einer Abschirmung zur Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung gemäß Patentanspruch 1; vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind jeweils Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The The object is achieved by a device with a shield for the absorption of X-radiation according to claim 1; advantageous embodiments of the invention are each the subject the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung basiert auf der Idee, eine Abschirmung zu verwenden, die aus mehreren Materialien aufgebaut ist, deren jeweilige Röntgen-Absorptionskoeffizienten sich voneinander, insbesondere wesentlich, in der energetischen Lage ihrer K-Kanten unterscheiden. Grundlage ist die Erkenntnis, dass aufgrund der verschiedenen energetischen Lagen der K-Kanten der Einbruch des Röntgen-Absorptionskoeffizienten des einen Elements durch den Röntgen-Absorptionskoeffizienten des oder der jeweils anderen Materialien kompensiert wird, so dass eine gleichmäßig gute Absorption erzielt werden kann. Durch die Erfindung kann somit der Anteil von Blei in der Abschirmung einer Vorrichtung, insbesondere eines Festkörperdetektors oder eines Röntgenstrahlers, wesentlich reduziert werden oder sogar ganz entfallen und es kann eine leichtere und ungiftigere Abschirmung geschaffen werden.The Invention is based on the idea to use a shield that is constructed of several materials, their respective X-ray absorption coefficients from each other, especially significantly, in the energetic Differentiate the position of their K edges. Basis is the realization that due to the different energetic Layers of the K edges of the collapse of the X-ray absorption coefficient of the one element by the X-ray absorption coefficient the or the other materials is compensated, so that a equally good Absorption can be achieved. The invention can thus the Proportion of lead in the shield of a device, in particular a solid state detector or an X-ray source, be substantially reduced or even eliminated altogether and it can create a lighter and more non-toxic shielding.
Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung unterscheiden sich die Absorptionskoeffizienten in der Energie ihrer K-Kanten um mindestens 10 keV und insbesondere um etwa 20 keV; ein derartiger Abstand gewährleistet eine besonders gute gegenseitige Kompensation der lokalen Absorptionsminima unterhalb der K-Kanten. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird jedes Material aus jeweils einem der Elemente Zinn, Gadolinium, Wolfram, Blei, Uran oder einer Legierung eines dieser Elemente gebildet.To an embodiment of the invention, the absorption coefficients differ in the energy of their K-edges by at least 10 keV and in particular by about 20 keV; such a distance ensures a particularly good mutual compensation of local absorption minima below the K edges. To In another embodiment of the invention, each material is made each one of the elements tin, gadolinium, tungsten, lead, uranium or an alloy of one of these elements.
In für eine einfache Herstellung der Abschirmung und für eine gute Schirmwirkung vorteilhafter Weise ist jedes Material als Schicht oder Beschichtung ausgeführt und sind die einzelnen Schichten der Abschirmung in Bezug auf die Einstrahlungsrichtung der Röntgenstrahlung hintereinander angeordnet. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Materialien in einer oder mehreren Legierungen angeordnet; dies vereinfacht die Verwendung vor allem von chemisch instabilen Materialien.In for one simple production of the shield and for a good shielding effect advantageously is any material designed as a layer or coating and are the individual layers of the shield with respect to the irradiation direction of the X-rays arranged one behind the other. According to a further embodiment of Invention are the materials in one or more alloys arranged; This simplifies the use, above all, of chemical unstable materials.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Anwendung der Erfindung ist insbesondere bei einem C-Bogen-Röntgengerät mit einem Festkörperdetektor und/oder einem medizinischen Röntgenstrahler jeweils mit einer Abschirmung aus mindestens zwei Materialien, deren jeweilige Röntgen-Absorptionskoeffizienten sich in der energetischen Lage ihrer K-Kanten unterscheiden, gegeben; wegen der Drehbewegung derartiger C-Bögen kann eine durch die Erfindung leichtere Abschirmung die Drehgeschwindigkeit deutlich erhöhen.A particularly advantageous application of the invention is in particular in a C-arm X-ray machine with a Solid state detector and / or a medical X-ray source each with a shield of at least two materials whose respective X-ray absorption coefficients given in the energetic position of their K-edges, given; because of the rotational movement of such C-arms, a by the invention lighter shielding significantly increase the rotational speed.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen gemäß Merkmalen der Unteransprüche werden im Folgenden anhand schematisch dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele in der Zeichnung näher erläutert, ohne dass dadurch eine Beschränkung der Erfindung auf diese Ausführungsbeispiele erfolgt; es zeigen:The Invention and further advantageous embodiments according to features the subclaims become below with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments explained in the drawing, without that's a limitation the invention to these embodiments he follows; show it:
Eine Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung durch ein Material ist dann beobachtbar, wenn ein einfallendes Röntgenphoton genügend Energie besitzt, um Elektronen zum Beispiel der K-Schale des Materials in das Kontinuum zu befördern. Die Ursache des K-Kanten-Einbruchs liegt darin, dass die Energie eines Röntgenphotons für das Anheben eines solchen Elektrons gerade nicht mehr ausreicht. Eine Abschirmung aus Blei muss eine derartige Dicke aufweisen, dass in allen relevanten Energiebereichen, also auch im Bereich des K-Kanten-Einbruchs des Absorptionskoeffizienten, ein Schutz vor Röntgenstrahlung gewährleistet ist. Die Dicke richtet sich also hauptsächlich nach dem K-Kanten-Einbruch.A Absorption of X-rays through a material is then observable when an incident x-ray photon enough Energy possesses to electrons for example the K shell of the material in to promote the continuum. The cause of the K-edge break-in is that the energy an x-ray photon for the Lifting such an electron just is not enough anymore. A Lead shielding must have a thickness such that All relevant energy ranges, including in the area of K-edge burglary of the absorption coefficient, ensuring protection against X-rays is. The thickness depends mainly on the K-edge break-in.
Die erfindungsgemäße Abschirmung beruht nun unter anderem auf der Fortentwicklung der folgenden Idee: Theoretisch könnte zum Beispiel eine Bleiabschirmung deutlich dünner sein, wenn für den energetischen Bereich des K-Kanten-Einbruchs des Absorptionskoeffizienten ein zusätzlicher Schutz vorhanden wäre. Dieser kann durch ein Material gewährleistet werden, dessen Röntgen-Absorptionskoeffizient im betreffenden energetischen Bereich relativ hoch ist oder, anders ausgedrückt, dessen K-Kanten-Einbruch entfernt ist.The Shielding according to the invention is based, inter alia, on the development of the following idea: Theoretically, could For example, a lead shield will be significantly thinner, if for the energetic Range of K-edge break-in of the absorption coefficient additional Protection would be available. This can be ensured by a material whose X-ray absorption coefficient in the energy sector in question is relatively high or, otherwise expressed whose K-edge burglary is removed.
Der Gesamt-Absorptionskoeffizienten einer Abschirmung kann leicht zum Beispiel durch Simulation berechnet oder gemessen werden; die Dicke der einzelnen Materialien wird derart gewählt, dass bei möglichst geringer Dicke eine möglichst hohe, zum Beispiel den Strahlenschutzvorschriften entsprechende, Absorption der Röntgenstrahlung erzielbar ist. Wichtig bei der Auswahl der Materialien ist auch deren Reihenfolge in Bezug auf die Einstrahlungsrichtung der Röntgenstrahlung.Of the Overall absorption coefficient of a shield can be easy to Example calculated or measured by simulation; the fat the individual materials is chosen such that if possible small thickness one possible high, for example, the radiation protection regulations, Absorption of X-rays is achievable. Important in the selection of materials is also their Order with respect to the irradiation direction of the X-radiation.
Die
Abschirmung
Die Erfindung lässt sich in folgender Weise kurz zusammenfassen: Zur Schaffung eines verbesserten Schutzes vor einer Röntgenstrahlung ist bei einer Vorrichtung, insbesondere einem Festkörperdetektor oder einem Röntgenstrahler, eine Abschirmung zur Absorption von einer Röntgenstrahlung vorgesehen, wobei die Abschirmung aus mindestens zwei Materialien besteht, deren jeweilige Röntgen-Absorptionskoeffizienten sich in der energetischen Lage ihrer K-Kanten unterscheiden, insbesondere um einen wesentlichen Betrag.The invention can be briefly summarized in the following way: To create a verbes In the case of a device, in particular a solid-state detector or an X-ray emitter, a shield for absorbing X-radiation is provided, the shield consisting of at least two materials whose respective X-ray absorption coefficients differ in the energetic position of their K edges , in particular by a substantial amount.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102005029511A DE102005029511A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Device used in medical X-ray devices comprises screen consisting of at least two materials for absorbing X-ray radiation |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102005029511A DE102005029511A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Device used in medical X-ray devices comprises screen consisting of at least two materials for absorbing X-ray radiation |
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DE102005029511A1 true DE102005029511A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
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DE102005029511A Withdrawn DE102005029511A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Device used in medical X-ray devices comprises screen consisting of at least two materials for absorbing X-ray radiation |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009025581A1 (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-01-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for protecting e.g. semiconductor chip of fluoroscopy device from radiation, involves coating electric component with silicide layer, where layer thickness is selected such that radiation is dampened or completely absorbed |
DE102015103577A1 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-09-15 | Von Ardenne Gmbh | A processing arrangement and method for flash-curing a coating on a translucent substrate |
US10634628B2 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2020-04-28 | Bruker Technologies Ltd. | X-ray fluorescence apparatus for contamination monitoring |
CN112863721A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Uranium-based neutron gamma composite shielding material |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2580360A (en) * | 1945-01-31 | 1951-12-25 | Morrison Philip | X-ray shield |
US3514607A (en) * | 1967-12-06 | 1970-05-26 | Massachusetts Gen Hospital | Composite shields against low energy x-rays |
DE1771074B2 (en) * | 1968-03-29 | 1973-03-15 | Giken Kogyo K.K., Tokio | ABSORBERS FOR X-RAYS |
US4795654A (en) * | 1984-11-05 | 1989-01-03 | Innofinance Altalanos Innovacios Penzintezet | Structure for shielding X-ray and gamma radiation |
US5321272A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-14 | General Electric Company | X-ray beam stop |
DE19914217A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Operating X-ray beam detector includes forming light pulse on scintillator layer using light source |
DE10310666A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-10-07 | Arntz Beteiligungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Material for attenuating the rays of an X-ray tube, in particular for a film for radiation protective clothing |
DE102004001328A1 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-04-07 | Mavig Gmbh | Lightweight radiation protection material for a wide range of energy applications |
-
2005
- 2005-06-24 DE DE102005029511A patent/DE102005029511A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2580360A (en) * | 1945-01-31 | 1951-12-25 | Morrison Philip | X-ray shield |
US3514607A (en) * | 1967-12-06 | 1970-05-26 | Massachusetts Gen Hospital | Composite shields against low energy x-rays |
DE1771074B2 (en) * | 1968-03-29 | 1973-03-15 | Giken Kogyo K.K., Tokio | ABSORBERS FOR X-RAYS |
US4795654A (en) * | 1984-11-05 | 1989-01-03 | Innofinance Altalanos Innovacios Penzintezet | Structure for shielding X-ray and gamma radiation |
US5321272A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-14 | General Electric Company | X-ray beam stop |
DE19914217A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Operating X-ray beam detector includes forming light pulse on scintillator layer using light source |
DE10310666A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-10-07 | Arntz Beteiligungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Material for attenuating the rays of an X-ray tube, in particular for a film for radiation protective clothing |
DE102004001328A1 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-04-07 | Mavig Gmbh | Lightweight radiation protection material for a wide range of energy applications |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009025581A1 (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-01-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for protecting e.g. semiconductor chip of fluoroscopy device from radiation, involves coating electric component with silicide layer, where layer thickness is selected such that radiation is dampened or completely absorbed |
DE102015103577A1 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-09-15 | Von Ardenne Gmbh | A processing arrangement and method for flash-curing a coating on a translucent substrate |
US10634628B2 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2020-04-28 | Bruker Technologies Ltd. | X-ray fluorescence apparatus for contamination monitoring |
CN112863721A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Uranium-based neutron gamma composite shielding material |
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