DE102005027186B4 - Rolling bearing cage and idler gear bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a roller bearing cage (10) for a roller bearing (30) with a cylindrical base body (12) on which at least one row (16, 12) of roller body pockets (20) spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction is designed to accommodate roller bodies (14) and on which an axially adjacent row of empty pockets (22) is formed, for example for receiving lubricant, the number (m) of the rolling element pockets (20) being not equal to the number (n) of the empty pockets (22). The number (n) of empty pockets (22) or rolling element pockets (20) is a prime number and the number (m) of other pockets is another number.

Description

The The present invention relates to a roller bearing cage for a rolling bearing, with a cylindrical ring-shaped body the at least one row of circumferentially spaced apart roller pockets designed for receiving rolling elements is and on which an axially adjacent row of empty pockets, For example, is designed to hold lubricant, wherein the number the rolling-body pockets is not equal to the number of empty pockets.

Such a roller bearing cage is known from the JP 08219161 A ,

Further The present invention relates to a loose-wheel bearing for a loose wheel a motor vehicle transmission, with an inner ring, with a Shaft is connectable, an outer ring, which is connectable to the loose wheel, and at least one row of Rolling elements, the are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, wherein the rolling elements on a cage guided are.

Such a loose-wheel bearing is known from AT 289 563 B2 ,

One Losrad is a rotatably mounted on a shaft wheel. Losräder be For example, in manual transmissions for Motor vehicles used and form part of a wheelset there associated gear ratio. For engaging and disengaging the gear is usually provided a clutch to the idler gear either rotatably to connect to the shaft or separate from it.

Roller bearings are usually used as roller bearings, typically so-called needle roller bearings (cf., for example. JP 2002 081 528 A ). A needle bearing is characterized in that the rolling elements have a ratio of length to diameter of> 4. As a result, the Losradlager can be performed radially kleinbauend.

One Losradlager has frequently several rows. As a rule, the distance between the rows of needles chosen small, for example, a maximum of 20% of the length the respective rolling elements.

Around a skew to prevent, i. a skew of the idler gear in relation to the shaft, must be the radial play of the idler gear bearing generally be very small, for example. In the range of 5 to 50 microns.

Yet can be a skew not always be prevented. Such an inclination can lead to an entanglement of Rolling elements in the Run operation. This allows axial forces transferred to the idler gear (also called crampon effect). As a result, the wear is through Eating enlarged.

The described problem arises in particular at high speeds, high temperatures and / or low viscosity lubricants.

Further can during operation of the loose-wheel bearing noises caused by high-frequency vibrations, for example. A bearing jerking (also Lagerschwirren or Nadelschwirren etc. called).

Furthermore, it is from JP 2000/074048 A and from JP 11201153 A It is known to provide a prime number to improve the running behavior of rolling bearings for the number of rolling elements. In addition, it is off DE 79 05 040 U1 it is known to vary the spacing of the cage pockets according to primes for noise reduction.

All in all It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved Rolling bearing cage for a rolling bearing and an improved idler bearing for a loose wheel of a motor vehicle transmission specify.

These Problem is in accordance with the present invention in the aforementioned rolling bearing cage characterized solved, the number of empty pockets or the rolling-element pockets is a prime number and that the number of other pockets is one different from the prime Number, preferably no prime.

It has been shown that by this measure the noise one equipped with such a rolling bearing cage Losradlagers can be significantly reduced during operation.

The The above object is further solved by the aforementioned Losradlager with such a roller bearing cage.

there The number of empty pockets can be equal to the number of rolling-element pockets be.

at the rolling bearing cage according to the invention can the number of other pockets is an odd or even number be.

Preferably are in the idler bearing according to the invention the rolling elements as Roles trained, and the relationship of axial length the rolls to their diameter is smaller than 3.

It has been shown that a Losradlager with Such comparatively short or thick rolling elements can have significantly better running properties. In this way, furthermore, the distance between rows of rolling elements can be made comparatively large, so that an inclined position can be better avoided. In particular, an axial swinging of the idler bearing can be prevented, which thus greatly reduces axial forces on the idler gear.

Further it is advantageous if the prime number is one of the number of others Bags second next Prime is.

in this connection Overall, a very good noise reduction can be achieved. Furthermore, this measure cause that a comparatively large Number of empty pockets is provided, while maintaining high strength of the cage all in all.

Is, for example, the number of other bags 30 , then the second closest primes 23 respectively. 37 ,

According to one another preferred embodiment the number of empty pockets is less than the number of rolling-element pockets.

In Advantageously, this ensures a high stability of the rolling bearing cage become.

From It is particularly advantageous if the roller bearing cage is designed as one-piece.

This allows a simple assembly, where appropriate, the rolling elements premounted on the rolling bearing cage are.

Further it is advantageous if the rolling bearing cage off Plastic is made.

It It has been found that plastics, such as PA 46, PA66 or PEEK are sufficiently resistant to temperature and / or lubricant, especially in Applications in motor vehicle transmissions.

It However, it goes without saying that the rolling bearing cage also can be made of metal.

at the idler bearing according to the invention according to the second Aspect of the present invention it is of particular advantage when the bearing is provided with a first and a second series of rolling elements, i. executed at least two rows is.

there it is of particular advantage if the series of empty pockets between the two rows of rolling elements is arranged.

From It is particularly advantageous in this case if the distance between the rolling elements of the two Rows is larger as the axial length the rolling elements.

These measure contributes to that in, an axial swinging of the idler gear bearing reliably prevent.

• 1. Benachbarte Planflächen des Innenrings bzw. Außenrings müssen nicht speziell behandelt werden (wie Polieren, Schleifen, Mangan-Phosphatieren, Gleitlackbeschichtungen oder Ähnliches). Daher werden die Gestehungskosten des Wälzlagers und damit des Getriebes geringer.
• 2. Ferner können die Entstehungskosten verringert werden, da die Bauteiltoleranzen ggf. nicht so gering ausgeführt werden müssen.
• 3. Auch die Montage kann ggf. einfacher durchgeführt werden.
• 4. Ein Lagergeräusch wie ein Lagerkreischen, Lagerschwirren, Nadelschwirren oder Kaltabfahrgeräusch ist zumindest verringert.
• 5. Die Lagerstelle ist in der Regel unempfindlicher gegenüber Verschmutzung wie Ölkohleablagerungen etc., da die Leertaschen als Filter bzw. als Schmutzfangtaschen wirken.
• 6. Bei der Verwendung von Kunststoff für den Wälzlagerkäfig werden die Gestehungskosten verringert.
• 7. Bei fett-geschmierten Anwendungen (bspw. Getrieben) können die Leertaschen bei der Montage mit Fett gefüllt werden, so dass die Lebensdauer insgesamt verlängert wird.
• 8. Der Wälzlagerkäfig bzw. das hiermit ausgestattete Losradlager eignet sich für sämtliche Anwendungen, bei denen hohe Temperaturen (von z.B. über 120°C), hohe Drehzahlen und/oder Niederviskose-Schmiermittel vorkommen können. Das erfindungsgemäße Losradlager lässt sich daher auch für andere Anwendungen als die Lagerung eines Losrades verwenden.

Overall, at least one of the following advantages is achieved with the present invention:

• 1. Adjacent faces of the inner ring or outer ring need not be specially treated (such as polishing, grinding, manganese phosphating, lubricating coatings or the like). Therefore, the cost of the rolling bearing and thus the transmission are lower.
• 2. Furthermore, the development costs can be reduced, since the component tolerances may not be carried out so low.
• 3. The assembly can possibly be carried out easier.
• 4. A bearing noise such as a bearing jerking, Lagerschwirren, Nadelschwirren or Kaltabfahrgeräusch is at least reduced.
• 5. The bearing is usually less sensitive to contamination such as carbon deposits, etc., since the empty pockets act as a filter or as dirt collecting bags.
• 6. The use of plastic for the rolling bearing cage reduces the cost price.
• 7. For grease-lubricated applications (such as gearboxes), the empty pockets may be filled with grease during assembly, thus extending the life of the bag.
• 8. The roller bearing cage or herewith equipped idler bearing is suitable for all applications in which high temperatures (of eg over 120 ° C), high speeds and / or low-viscosity lubricant can occur. The idler bearing according to the invention can therefore also be used for other applications than the storage of a loose wheel.

at very long bearing bores or very wide idler bearings can be used instead of two rows of rolling elements as well used three or more rows of rolling elements are in this case between two rows of rolling elements in each case a number of Empty pockets is arranged.

All in all can also reduce the wear be as an axial swinging of the bearing usually reliably prevented can be. Therefore, no axial forces occur on the idler gear, which wear through Eating extremely minimized.

It is understood that the ge above called and the features to be explained below not only in the particular combination specified, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

embodiments The invention are illustrated in the drawings and in the following description explained. Show it:

1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a rolling bearing cage according to the invention, which is equipped with rolling elements;

2 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a bearing assembly for a loose wheel of a motor vehicle transmission using a Losradlagers invention;

3 a sectional view of the rolling bearing cage of the idler bearing of 2 along the line III-III; and

4 a sectional view of the rolling bearing cage of the idler bearing of 2 along the line IV-IV:

In 1 is a rolling bearing cage with inserted rolling elements according to a first embodiment of the invention generally with 10 designated.

The rolling bearing cage 10 is integrally formed and includes a generally cylindrical annular body 12 , At the base body 12 are rolling elements 14 stored in the form of approximately cylindrical rollers, in a first row 16 and in a second row 18 ,

The first row 16 of rolling elements 14 is from the second row 18 of rolling elements 14 spaced by a gap Z space. The gap distance Z is presently greater than the length of the rolling elements 14 in the axial direction.

For receiving the rolling elements 14 is on the body 12 a first row 16 of rolling-body pockets 20 and a second row 18 of rolling-body pockets 20 intended.

In the space between the first row 16 and the second row 18 is also a series of circumferentially spaced empty pockets 22 intended. The empty pockets 22 serve in the installed state of the roller bearing cage 10 For example, for receiving lubricant, but also serve as a dirt trap. They are in the radial direction continuously through the body 12 educated.

It is in 1 to recognize that the number of rolling elements pockets 20 per row 16 respectively. 18 and the number of empty pockets 22 is different. The number of empty pockets 22 is smaller than the number of rolling-element pockets 20 per row 16 . 18 ,

More specifically, the number of empty pockets 22 a prime number, whereas the number of rolling body pockets 20 per row 16 . 18 an even number is.

2 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a mounting situation of an embodiment of a Losradlagers invention 30 in the form of a rolling bearing 30 ,

The rolling bearing 30 has an inner ring 32 on, the rotation with a shaft 34 connected is. Furthermore, the rolling bearing 30 an outer ring 36 on, the rotation with a loose wheel 38 a conventional motor vehicle transmission not shown in detail 39 connected is.

The rolling bearing cage 10 is between the inner ring 32 and the outer ring 36 arranged and performs the executed in the form of cylindrical rollers rolling elements 14 , The rolling bearing cage 10 is in the radial direction of both the inner ring 32 as well as from the outer ring 36 spaced.

It can be seen that the rolling elements 14 have an axial length L and a diameter D. They can be performed slightly spherical.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the ratio L / D of length L to diameter D of the rolling elements 14 Further, the gap distance Z (see 1 ) between the opposite end faces of the rolling elements 14 the two rows 16 . 18 greater than the length L of the respective rolling elements 14 ,

This is the two rows 16 . 18 relatively far apart. In the space are the empty pockets 22 formed, which can be filled with grease during assembly, for example, and therefore also over a long life for a sufficient lubrication of the rolling elements 14 or the rolling bearing 30 can serve altogether.

3 shows a sectional view of the rolling bearing cage 10 along the line III-III in 2 and thus shows a cross-sectional view through the rolling bearing cage 10 in the field of empty pockets 22 ,

It can be seen that the rolling bearing cage 10 a number n = 23 empty pockets 22 has, which are equally spaced in the circumferential direction. The angle α between two empty pockets 22 is therefore 15.65 °.

4 shows one of the 3 corresponding cross-sectional view through the rolling bearing cage 10 along the line IV-IV of 2 and thus by the rolling bearing cage 10 in the area of the first row 16 of rolling-body pockets 20 ,

You realize that the first row 16 a number m = 30 rolling body pockets 20 has, which are equally spaced in the circumferential direction.

The angle β between two rolling-element pockets 20 is therefore 12 °.

This is the number n of empty pockets 22 a prime number, namely 23 whereas the number m of rolling-element pockets 20 an even number, namely 30 , is.

As a general rule the difference between the numbers n and m should not be smaller its than 3, i. m - n ≥ 3.

For other numbers of Wälzkörpertaschen, eg. 40 , is therefore also a number of empty pockets of eg. 37 possible.

As a general rule However, it is according to the invention, if the numbers n and m are different, where one of the numbers preferably a prime number.

By This measure be resonance frequencies, for example, due to the largest common Divisor of the two numbers n, m result, shifted into such high ranges, that these are outside anyway of for People audible Range lie, i. towards frequencies> 20,000 Hz as well as during normal operation of the vehicle transmission can not be achieved.

Claims (9)

Rolling bearing cage ( 10 ) for a rolling bearing ( 30 ), with a cylindrical annular body ( 12 ), where at least one row ( 16 . 12 ) of circumferentially spaced rolling elements pockets ( 20 ) for receiving rolling elements ( 14 ) is formed and on which an axially adjacent row of empty pockets ( 22 ), for example, is designed to receive lubricant, wherein the number (m) of the rolling-body pockets ( 20 ) not equal to the number (n) of the empty pockets ( 22 ), characterized in that the number (n) of the empty pockets ( 22 ) or the rolling-element pockets ( 20 ) is a prime number (n) and the number (m) of the other pockets is a different number. Rolling bearing cage after Claim 1, characterized in that the prime number (s) one of the number (m) of the other pockets is the second nearest prime number. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number (n) of the empty pockets ( 22 ) is smaller than the number (m) of the rolling body pockets ( 20 ). Rolling bearing cage according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the rolling bearing cage ( 10 ) is made in one piece. Rolling bearing cage according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the rolling bearing cage ( 10 ) is made of plastic. Idler bearing ( 30 ) for a loose wheel ( 38 ) of a motor vehicle transmission ( 39 ), with an inner ring ( 32 ), with a wave ( 34 ) is connectable, an outer ring ( 36 ), which with the loose wheel ( 38 ) and at least one row ( 16 . 18 ) of rolling elements ( 14 ) between the inner ring ( 32 ) and the outer ring ( 36 ) are arranged, wherein the rolling elements ( 14 ) on a cage ( 10 ), characterized in that the cage ( 10 ) a rolling bearing cage ( 10 ) according to any one of claims 1-5. Losradlager according to claim 6, characterized in that the rolling elements ( 14 ) are formed as rollers and the ratio (L / D) of axial length (L) of the rollers ( 14 ) to whose diameter (D) is less than 3. Losradlager according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the bearing ( 30 ) with a first and a second row ( 16 . 18 ) of rolling elements ( 14 ) is executed. Losradlager according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance (Z) between the rolling elements ( 14 ) of the two rows ( 16 . 18 ) is greater than the axial length (L) of the rolling elements ( 14 ).