DE102005023434A1 - Cryogenic air separation to produce oxygen and/or nitrogen comprises splitting air into several streams which are compressed, precooled and purified before being cooled and supplied to a common distillation system - Google Patents

Cryogenic air separation to produce oxygen and/or nitrogen comprises splitting air into several streams which are compressed, precooled and purified before being cooled and supplied to a common distillation system Download PDF

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DE102005023434A1
DE102005023434A1 DE102005023434A DE102005023434A DE102005023434A1 DE 102005023434 A1 DE102005023434 A1 DE 102005023434A1 DE 102005023434 A DE102005023434 A DE 102005023434A DE 102005023434 A DE102005023434 A DE 102005023434A DE 102005023434 A1 DE102005023434 A1 DE 102005023434A1
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feed air
cooled
air
cleaning
compressed
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DE102005023434A
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German (de)
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Franz Hejsek
Ludwig Schebesta
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04957—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipments upstream of the fractionation unit (s), i.e. at the "front-end"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/24—Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being air

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Cryogenic air separation comprises splitting air into several streams which are compressed, precooled, purified and optionally recompressed before being cooled to dew point and supplied to a common distillation system. An independent claim is also included for cryogenic air separation apparatus comprising means for performing the above operations.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, bei dem ein Einsatzluftstrom verdichtet, vorgekühlt, gereinigt, auf etwa Taupunktstemperatur abgekühlt und in ein einsträngiges Destilliersäulen-System eingeführt wird, das mindestens eine Trennsäule aufweist, sowie eine entsprechende Vorrichtung.The The invention relates to a process for the cryogenic separation of Air in which a feed air stream is compressed, pre-cooled, cleaned, cooled to about dew point and into a single-column distillation column system introduced that is at least one separation column has, as well as a corresponding device.

Luftzerlegungsanlagen, die besonders hohe Produktmengen, insbesondere an Sauerstoff und/oder Stickstoff, erzeugen, werden häufig mehrsträngig ausgeführt, das heißt es werden mehrere Trennapparaturen mit gleicher oder im Wesentlichen gleicher Funktion parallel geschaltet. Dies ist beispielsweise aus Linde-Berichte aus Technik und Wissenschaft 80/2000, S.27-31 (Linde Reports on Science and Technology, 62/2000, 27-31) gezeigt. Hier werden vier beziehungsweise drei Stränge von Luftzerlegungsanlagen völlig unabhängig voneinander betrieben: Einem Strang der Gesamtanlage ist genau ein Strang der Luftverdichtung, der Vorkühlung und der Luftreinigung zugeordnet.Air separation plants, the particularly high amounts of product, in particular of oxygen and / or Nitrogen, generate, become frequent mehrsträngig executed this means There are several separation apparatus with the same or substantially the same Function connected in parallel. This is for example from Linde reports from Technology and Science 80/2000, p.27-31 (Linde Reports on Science and Technology, 62/2000, 27-31). Here are four or three strands of air separation plants completely independently operated from each other: One strand of the entire system is exactly one Strand of air compression, pre-cooling and air purification assigned.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Luftzerlegungsanlage für hohe Produktmengen anzugeben, die besonders kostengünstig ist und dabei eine relativ hohe Ausfallsicherheit aufweist.Of the Invention is based on the object, an air separation plant for high Specify product quantities, which is particularly cost-effective and thereby a relative high reliability.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Verdichtung, die Vorkühlung und/oder die Reinigung der Einsatzluft und/oder eine Nachverdichtung mindestens eines Teils der Einsatzluft mehrsträngig ausgeführt ist.These Task is solved by that the compression, the pre-cooling and / or the cleaning of the feed air and / or a recompression at least part of the feed air is designed to be multi-stranded.

Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass es möglich ist, die kalten Teile einer Luftzerlegungsanlage, insbesondere die Trennsäulen, immer größer zu bauen, dass aber entsprechend große warme Bauteile wie Verdichter, Direktkontaktkühler, Verdunstungskühler, Adsorptionsbehälter und die dazugehörigen Schaltventile sehr teuer und damit unwirtschaftlich sind. Gemäß der Erfindung wird also ein Strang eines Destilliersäulen-Systems mit einer Mehrzahl von Strängen mindestens eines warmen Prozess-Abschnitts gekoppelt.The Invention is based on the realization that it is possible to use the cold parts an air separation plant, especially the separation columns, to build ever larger, but that big accordingly warm components such as compressors, direct contact coolers, evaporative coolers, adsorption tanks and the associated ones Switch valves are very expensive and therefore uneconomical. According to the invention So is a strand of a distillation column system with a plurality of strands coupled to at least one warm process section.

Als "einsträngig" wird hier ein Destilliersäulen-System bezeichnet, in dem jede Trennsäule eine verschiedene Funktion erfüllt, also keine zwei Trennsäulen mit gleicher Funktion parallel geschaltet sind.As "single-stranded" here is a distillation column system in which each separation column fulfills a different function, so no two columns are connected in parallel with the same function.

Selbstverständlich ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich, mehrere solcher einsträngigen Destilliersäulen-Systeme nebeneinander aufzustellen. Dabei bleiben aber die verschiedenen warmen Vorrichtungen immer nur einem Destilliersäulen-System-Strang zugeordnet, das heißt jeder Destilliersäulen-System-Strang ist vollständig unabhängig. Im Gegensatz zu JP 59212676 A und EP 1398585 A1 , bei denen eine Mehrzahl von Strängen eines Destilliersäulen-Systems mit einer gekoppelten Mehrzahl von Vorrichtungen im warmen Teil des Prozesses kombiniert werden, ist damit ein Destilliersäulen-System-Strang vom Ausfall irgendwelcher Vorrichtungen, die einem anderen Destilliersäulen-System-Strang zugeordnet sind, nicht betroffen.Of course, it is within the scope of the invention possible to set up several such single-column distillation column systems side by side. However, the various warm devices remain assigned to only one distillation column system strand, that is, each distillation column system strand is completely independent. In contrast to JP 59212676 A and EP 1398585 A1 In which a plurality of strands of a distillation column system are combined with a coupled plurality of devices in the warm part of the process, a distillation column system strand is thus not from the failure of any devices associated with another distillation column system strand affected.

Umgekehrt bedeutet die "mehrsträngige" Ausführung von Verdichtung, Vorkühlung und/oder Reinigung der Einsatzluft, dass mindestens einer dieser Schritte mindestens teilweise in zueinander parallelen Apparaten gleicher und gleichzeitiger Funktion durchgeführt werden. Ein Paar parallel geschalteter Adsorptionsbehälter, von denen einer regeneriert und der andere beladen wird, ist also nicht mehrsträngig im Sinne der Erfindung ausgebildet.Vice versa means the "multi-stranded" execution of Compaction, precooling and / or cleaning the feed air that at least one of these Steps at least partially in parallel apparatuses same and simultaneous function are performed. A pair in parallel switched adsorption container, one is regenerated and the other is loaded non-stranded formed in the context of the invention.

Grundsätzlich können die Schritte der Verdichtung, Vorkühlung und Reinigung der Einsatzluft in jeweils unterschiedlicher Anzahl von Strängen durchgeführt werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es aber, wenn Verdichtung, Vorkühlung und Reinigung der Einsatzluft in mindestens zwei voneinander unabhängigen Strängen durchgeführt werden. Zum Beispiel können zwei, drei oder mehr Stränge vorgesehen sein, wobei in jedem Strang nacheinander die Verdichtung, Vorkühlung und Reinigung eines Teils der Einsatzluft für das Destilliersäulen-System durchgeführt wird. Diese warmen Stränge sind untereinander unabhängig, das heißt beim Ausfall eines warmen Strangs sind der oder die anderen Stränge nicht betroffen, sondern können weiterbetrieben werden. Die Einsatzluft aus den warmen Strängen wird stromabwärts der Reinigung gesammelt und gemeinsam der weiteren Abkühlung zugeführt, die üblicherweise in einem Hauptwärmetauscher-System durchgeführt wird.Basically, the Steps of compression, precooling and cleaning the feed air in different numbers be performed by strands. But it is particularly advantageous when compression, precooling and Purification of the feed air in at least two independent strands are performed. For example, you can two, three or more strands be provided, wherein in each strand successively the compression, Pre-cooling and cleaning a portion of the feed air for the distillation column system carried out becomes. These warm strands are independent of each other, this means if one hot strand fails, one or more strands are not affected, but you can continue to be operated. The feed air from the warm strands will downstream collected the cleaning and jointly supplied to the further cooling, usually in a main heat exchanger system is carried out.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft gemäß den Patentansprüchen 4 bis 6.The Invention also relates a device for the cryogenic separation of air according to the claims 4 to 6th

Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand zweier in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The Invention and further details of the invention are hereinafter with reference to two embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawings explained in more detail.

1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes System zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft mit einem zweisträngigen warmen Teil. Jeder dieser Stränge weist einen Verdichter, eine Vorkühlung und eine Luftreinigung (Molsieb-Station) auf. Die Luft aus den beiden Strängen wird stromabwärts der Reinigung vereinigt und einer einsträngigen Coldbox, insbesondere deren Hauptwärmetauscher (HWT) und anschließend deren Destilliersäulen-System (DSS) zugeleitet. 1 shows a system according to the invention for the cryogenic separation of air with a two-stranded warm part. Each of these strands has a compressor, a pre-cooling and an air purification (molecular sieve station). The air from the both strands are combined downstream of the purification and fed to a single-stranded coldbox, in particular its main heat exchanger (HWT) and then its distillation column system (DSS).

Wird mindestens ein Teil der Einsatzluft zwischen Reinigung und Coldbox nachverdichtet, etwa zur kälteleistenden Entspannung in einer Turbine oder zur Verdampfung eines flüssig auf Druck gebrachten Produkts (Innenverdichtung), so kann diese Nachverdichtung im Rahmen der Erfindung grundsätzlich gemeinsam oder ebenfalls in zwei Strängen durchgeführt werden.Becomes at least part of the feed air between cleaning and coldbox after-densified, for example to the cold-performing Relax in a turbine or vaporize a liquid on Pressure brought product (internal compression), so this can be re-densification in the context of the invention in principle be carried out together or in two strands.

Zum Beispiel kann der nachzuverdichtende Teilstrom aus dem vereinigten Luftstrom stromaufwärts des Hauptwärmetauschers abgezweigt und eine ein- oder mehrsträngigen Nachverdichtung zugeführt werden.To the Example, the nachverdichtende part stream from the United Airflow upstream the main heat exchanger branched off and a single or multi-strand recompression are supplied.

Die Coldbox, insbesondere das darin angeordnete Trennsystem, ist so ausgebildet, dass die Anlage auch mit 50 % Teillast gefahren werden. Somit kann bei Ausfall eines der beiden warmen Stränge die Gesamtanlage weiterbetrieben werden.The Coldbox, in particular the separation system arranged therein, is like this trained that the system are also driven at 50% part load. Thus, in case of failure of the two warm strands the Whole plant continue to be operated.

Eine andere Realisierungsmöglichkeit im Rahmen der Erfindung ist in 2 dargestellt. Hier ist die Nachverdichtung in die beiden warmen Stränge integriert. Die Abzweigung der nachzuverdichtenden Teilströme erfolgt bereits innerhalb des einzelnen Strangs. Die nachverdichteten Teilströme sowie die nicht nachverdichtete Einsatzluft aus den beiden Strängen werden erst anschließend vereinigt und der Coldbox zugeleitet.Another possibility of realization within the scope of the invention is in 2 shown. Here, the re-compaction is integrated into the two warm strands. The diversion of the partial streams to be densified takes place already within the single strand. The post-compressed partial streams and the non-compressed input air from the two strands are only then combined and fed to the coldbox.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, bei dem ein Einsatzluftstrom verdichtet, vorgekühlt, gereinigt, auf etwa Taupunktstemperatur abgekühlt und in ein einsträngiges Destilliersäulen-System eingeführt wird, das mindestens eine Trennsäule aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verdichtung der Einsatzluft, die Vorkühlung der Einsatzluft, die Reinigung der Einsatzluft und/oder eine Nachverdichtung mindestens eines Teils der Einsatzluft mehrsträngig ausgeführt ist.Process for the cryogenic separation of air, in which a feed air stream is compressed, precooled, cleaned, cooled to about dew point temperature and introduced into a single-column distillation column system comprising at least one separation column, characterized in that the compression of the feed air, the pre-cooling of the feed air, the cleaning of the feed air and / or a recompression of at least part of the feed air is carried out in a multi-stranded manner. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Verdichtung, Vorkühlung und Reinigung der Einsatzluft in mindestens zwei voneinander unabhängigen Strängen durchgeführt werden.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that compression, precooling and cleaning the feed air in at least two independent strands are performed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Verdichtung, Vorkühlung, Reinigung der Einsatzluft Nachverdichtung mindestens eines Teils der Einsatzluft in mindestens zwei voneinander unabhängigen Strängen durchgeführt werden.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that compression, precooling, Cleaning the feed air Re-compaction of at least one part the feed air in at least two independent strands are performed. Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, mit Mitteln zur Verdichtung eines Einsatzluftstroms, mit Mitteln zur Vorkühlung des verdichteten Einsatzstroms, mit Mitteln zur Reinigung des vorgekühlten Einsatzluftstroms, mit einem Hauptwärmetauscher zum Abkühlen des gereinigten Einsatzluftstroms auf etwa Taupunktstemperatur abgekühlt und mit Mitteln zum Einführen des abgekühlten Einsatzluftstroms in ein einsträngiges Destilliersäulen-System, das mindestens eine Trennsäule aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Verdichtung, die Mittel zur Vorkühlung, die Mittel zur Reinigung und/oder Mittel zur Nachverdichtung mindestens eines Teils der Einsatzluft mehrsträngig ausgeführt sind.Apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air, with means for compressing an incoming air stream, with means for pre-cooling the compressed feed stream, with means for purifying the pre-cooled feed air stream, with a main heat exchanger to cool down of the purified feed air stream cooled to about dew point and with Means for introduction of the cooled Feed air stream into a single-stranded Distillation column system, the at least one separation column characterized in that the means for compaction, the means for precooling, the means for cleaning and / or means for densification at least a part of the feed air are designed multi-stranded. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens zwei voneinander unabhängige warme Stränge, die jeweils Mittel zur Verdichtung, mit Mittel zur Vorkühlung und Mittel zur Reinigung aufweisen.Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by at least two independent warm strands, the each means for compression, with means for precooling and Having means for cleaning. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens zwei voneinander unabhängige warme Stränge, die jeweils Mittel zur Verdichtung, mit Mittel zur Vorkühlung, Mittel zur Reinigung und Mittel zur Nachverdichtung aufweisen.Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by at least two independent warm strands, the each means for compression, with means for precooling, means for cleaning and have means for densification.
DE102005023434A 2004-06-01 2005-05-20 Cryogenic air separation to produce oxygen and/or nitrogen comprises splitting air into several streams which are compressed, precooled and purified before being cooled and supplied to a common distillation system Withdrawn DE102005023434A1 (en)

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DE102004026588 2004-06-01
DE102004026588.7 2004-06-01
DE102005023434A DE102005023434A1 (en) 2004-06-01 2005-05-20 Cryogenic air separation to produce oxygen and/or nitrogen comprises splitting air into several streams which are compressed, precooled and purified before being cooled and supplied to a common distillation system

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013093305A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for separating air by cyrogenic distillation
FR2985006A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-28 Air Liquide METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SYSTEM FOR CARRYING OUT AN AIR SEPARATION METHOD, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AIR SEPARATION APPARATUS, AND AIR SEPARATION FACILITY BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION
EP4163005A1 (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-04-12 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Pre-purification arrangement for air separation and method of hybrid air purification

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013093305A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for separating air by cyrogenic distillation
FR2985006A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-28 Air Liquide METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SYSTEM FOR CARRYING OUT AN AIR SEPARATION METHOD, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AIR SEPARATION APPARATUS, AND AIR SEPARATION FACILITY BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION
FR2985005A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-28 Air Liquide METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AIR SEPARATION BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION
WO2013104840A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-07-18 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for producing one or more air separation apparatuses, and equipment for air separation by cryogenic distillation
CN104024775A (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-09-03 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 Method and apparatus for separating air by cyrogenic distillation
CN104024775B (en) * 2011-12-21 2016-10-12 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 For by the method and apparatus of separating air by cryogenic distillation
US9562716B2 (en) 2011-12-21 2017-02-07 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation
EP4163005A1 (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-04-12 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Pre-purification arrangement for air separation and method of hybrid air purification

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