DE102005020326A1 - Ring-resonator e.g. for radio technology, has two unit cells in form of two-ports such as input port and output port and row switched with each unit cell independently magnetic from each other and stores independent electrical energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The ring resonator (10) has two unit cells in the form of two-gates such as an input gate and an output gate and are row switched. Each unit cell is independently magnetic from each other and stores independent electrical energy. The input gate of the first unit cell is connected with the output gate of the last unit cell so that a ring arrangement is formed. An independent claim is included for a method of transmitting and receiving high frequency energy using a ring resonator as an antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The The invention relates to a ring resonator for electromagnetic energy, the at least two unit cells connected to a ring arrangement is formed.

BACKGROUND THE INVENTION

It It is known to construct resonators from so-called unit cells. The term "unit cells" are general consisting of an entrance gate and an exit gate existing two-aisle understood, each unit cell provides energy storage. The term "energy storage" is general here understood all kinds of structures that are capable of one form electric or magnetic field and thus energy save. An energy store in this sense can thus e.g. a coil or a capacitor, in the simplest case but also only one piece Management.

The actual physical behavior of a unit cell can be determined by a so-called Replacement circuit to be simulated. Such an equivalent circuit is a linear network of concentrated elements like capacities and inductors and / or distributed lines, which are the energy stores of the physical Realization model and the high-frequency behavior between describe the input and output gates of the unit cell. The topology of the equivalent circuit of such a unit cell has commonly a so-called longitudinal branch and a so-called shunt branch.

It It is also known to construct resonators of so-called "metamaterials", also called "left-handed materials" or "LH materials" for short See, e.g., A. Sanada, et al., Zero'th order in composite right / left-handed transmission line resonators ", Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, Vol. 3, pp. 1588-1592, Seoul, Nov. 2003).

Under The term "metamaterials" becomes structures understood, the special, unusual electromagnetic properties, so-called "left handed" properties, often referred to as "LH properties" for short. In particular, you can such structures under suitable conditions simultaneously negative permittivity and negative permeability show, resulting in antiparallel (counteracting) group and phase velocities which passes the materials passing electromagnetic waves.

By such metamaterials realized electrical circuitry behave differently than conventional ones Circuitry of usual so-called "right-handed" (RH) materials, their properties are referred to as "right-handed" or "RH properties" for short and where the group and phase velocities of the materials are rectified by continuous electromagnetic waves.

by virtue of parasitic Effects (which are quite desirable could be), can Metamaterials have both LH properties and RH properties exhibit. These types of materials are then called CRLH (Composite Right-Left-Handed) materials designated.

Under Utilization of both types of properties (left-handed, right manually) are concepts in the field of high-frequency and microwave engineering and realizations of novel facilities and equipment possible.

at the investigation and comparison of realized circuits with model calculations, it has been shown that pure metamaterials and In particular, CRLH materials make sense with the help of an extended Leadership theory can be analyzed and modeled. To Spare circuits are used, the single unit cells model. This can then be the behavior of a built from real unit cells Network with popular Methods and tools are calculated (see C. Caloz and T. Itoh, "Application of the Transmission Line Theory of Left-Handed (LH) Materials to the Realization of a Microstrip LH Transmission Line ", IEEE APS Int'I Symp., Vol. 2, P. 412-415, San Antonio, TX, June 2002).

Also in the field of radio technology metamaterials are used. The generally increasing one Radio frequency and microwave technology, especially in consumer applications such as WLAN or Bluetooth ^TM, requires ever better transmit and receive antennas for different frequencies.

at corresponding devices However, so far are relatively complex and / or multiple antenna arrangements required to have a high quality connection in different frequency bands provide.

EPIPHANY THE INVENTION

Of the Invention is based on the object, the quality of high-frequency or microwave connections to improve. One aspect of the invention is in particular the improvement the communication quality of Radio frequency or microwave connections by enabling a dual-band operation of an antenna with a flexible and multiple Polarizability (horizontal, vertical, circular and mixed forms) at two different operating frequencies.

• – wobei jede Einheitszelle wenigstens zwei voneinander unabhängige magnetische sowie wenigstens zwei voneinander unabhängige elektrische Energiespeicher bereitstellt und
• – wobei das Eingangstor der ersten in Reihe geschalteten Einheitszelle mit dem Ausgangstor der letzen in Reihe geschalteten Einheitszelle so verbunden ist, daß eine Ringanordnung gebildet wird.

The object is achieved by a ring resonator which comprises at least two series-connected unit cells in the form of two-port each with an input port and an output port,

• - Each unit cell provides at least two independent magnetic and at least two independent electrical energy storage and
• - wherein the input port of the first series-connected unit cell is connected to the output port of the last series-connected unit cell so that a ring assembly is formed.

• – wobei jede Einheitszelle wenigstens zwei voneinander unabhängige magnetische sowie wenigstens zwei voneinander unabhängige elektrische Energiespeicher bereitstellt,
• – wobei jede Einheitszelle so ausgebildet ist, daß ihre Ersatzschaltung eine Reihenschaltung einer ersten Kapazität und einer ersten Induktivität in einer ersten Leitung und eine Parallelschaltung einer zweiten Kapazität und einer zweiten Induktivität zwischen der ersten Leitung und einer zweiten Leitung aufweist, und
• – wobei die Einheitszellen derart hintereinander in einer Ringstruktur angeordnet und gekoppelt sind, daß jede Einheitszelle jeweils mit einer in Ringrichtung vorangehenden und einer in Ringrichtung nachfolgenden Einheitszelle gekoppelt ist, wobei jeweils die ersten Leitungen und jeweils die zweiten Leitungen der gekoppelten Einheitszellen miteinander verbunden sind.

The object is further achieved by an electromagnetic wave ring resonator which is formed from a plurality of identical unit cells which can each be represented by an equivalent circuit with lumped elements in the form of capacitances and inductances,

• Each unit cell providing at least two independent magnetic and at least two mutually independent electrical energy stores,
• - Wherein each unit cell is formed so that its equivalent circuit comprises a series connection of a first capacitance and a first inductance in a first line and a parallel connection of a second capacitance and a second inductance between the first line and a second line, and
• Wherein the unit cells are arranged and coupled in a ring structure one behind the other in such a way that each unit cell is coupled in each case to a unit cell preceding in the direction of the ring and in the direction of the ring, wherein the first lines and respectively the second lines of the coupled unit cells are connected to each other.

at such ring resonators, the interaction of the magnetic and electrical energy storage in the longitudinal branch of the equivalent circuit the unit cell between input and output gate a series resonant circuit behavior on, while the interaction of the magnetic and electrical energy storage in the shunt branch of the equivalent circuit of the unit cell a parallel resonant circuit behavior having.

By connecting the unit cells to a closed ring structure (or in other words to a chain, it being understood that the ring structure is not necessarily circular have to be) can be periodic with the ring resonator according to the invention Fulfill boundary conditions in a nearly ideal way. This allows the Characteristics of a metamaterials emerge, so that a resonator type then, with the help of the CRLH-line theory, to the desired requirements customized can be.

For adapting such a ring resonator to given requirements, the following dispersion relation is used for the equivalent circuit representing the unit cells with the lumped elements C _L , L _R , C _R and L _L :

The dispersion relation shows a band gap if the parameters are suitably chosen. This band gap separates a first frequency range from a second frequency range (see also 2 ), each with a continuous dispersion relation. In the one (in 2 lower) frequency range (referred to as the LH frequency range) dominate the LH properties of the metamaterial (phase constant β <0).

In the other (in 2 upper) frequency range (referred to as RH frequency range) dominate the RH properties of the metamaterial (β> 0). Thereby, the ring resonator according to the invention enables a dual-frequency operation, taking advantage of the different properties of the metamaterials in the different frequency ranges for two different resonant frequencies, one of which is in the LH frequency range and one in the RH frequency range, a standing resonance distribution (so-called λ field distribution) is achieved. This allows a completely equivalent behavior at both frequencies and thus a highly effective radiation and polarization at both frequencies.

The ring resonator is excitable in an LH frequency range and an RH frequency range, wherein after a two frequency ranges at least partially comprehensive excitation with electromagnetic energy through the length of the ring assembly certain resonance modes with a generally also referred to as n · λ distribution field distribution along the Ring (where n ε N ₊ , N ₊ = amount of positive natural numbers, λ = wavelength of the resonance mode) in the RH frequency range and simultaneously resonant modes are formed with the same n · λ distribution in the LH range.

Advantageous the ring resonator is designed so that after the excitation simultaneously to the resonance modes also a zero-order current mode is capable of propagation, by an associated Locally along the ring constant current and an associated one Stress that is zero everywhere along the ring is described is.

Advantageous the ring resonator is designed so that after the excitation simultaneously to the resonance modes and possibly also simultaneously to the current mode zeroth order a zero-order voltage mode is capable of propagation, by an associated Locally along the ring constant voltage and an associated current flowing along the Ringes everywhere is zero, is described.

A Powering the ring resonator can be via one or more of the Ring made of unit cells coupled feed connections. Depending on the food strategy then forms a voltage or a maximum current at the feed point out.

A Decoupling of two feed points can be offset by 90 ° Feeding points with the same supply (voltage maximum voltage maximum) or (current maximum current maximum) and offset by 180 ° feed points with different supply (voltage maximum current maximum) can be achieved.

The The ring-forming chain of coupled unit cells may vary depending on Requirements circular, oval or be shaped differently.

at Use of the ring resonator as an antenna can be achieved by simultaneous feeding (possibly with a phase shift) at several suitably selected feed points of the ring various polarizations of the signal can be achieved. Thus, one and the same ring resonator can be used to two different operating frequencies horizontal, vertical, 45 ° -directed and right-handed or left-handed circular to produce polarized radiation. An exploitation of these different ones Polarizations on the transmitter and receiver side improves the connection quality in high frequency or microwave radio links considerably (see also P.S. Neelakanta, et al., "Making of a robust indoor Microwave Wireless Link: A novel scheme of polarization-sense diversity, "Microw. J., Aug. 2004).

Preferably the unit cells are distributed in two dimensions. This execution favored on the one hand, the symmetry of the ring resonator, as well as a preferred direction the radiation when using the ring resonator according to the invention as an antenna. Such a ring resonator can further because of the good accessibility All unit cells are easily manufactured.

A particularly flexible and efficient embodiment of the ring resonator according to the invention is achieved when the energy storage, so lines, inductors and / or Capacities, are formed in a multi-layer structure (multilayer). In this Case are various possibilities for the realization of capacities and inductors the unit cell available.

The capacities can constructed as plate capacitors within the multilayer structure be. The inductors can as three-dimensional structures, e.g. designed as helical coils be, with which large inductance values can be realized. At least one magnetic and / or electrical energy store is advantageous as a high-frequency transmission line educated.

Especially It is advantageous if the multilayer structure as a ceramic wiring substrate in multilayer construction, commonly referred to as "LTCC" (Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic). Allow the benefits of LTCC technology it, the ring resonator according to the invention in a quick and favorable way, with simultaneous excellent control of the individual layers to manufacture.

at a particularly simple construction of the ring resonator is provided, that the Lines, inductors and capacities the unit cells as a strip conductor (microstrip) on a substrate are formed. In this embodiment, all known and usual Process for the production of printed circuits are applied.

On a substrate, such as a printed circuit board, the strip conductors can be applied such that the capacitance C _{L is formed} by a suitable flat stripline arrangement.

The inductance L _L may be formed as an elongated strip conductor or as a stub. In this case, the capacitance C _L and the inductance L _{L are} responsible for the LH behavior, and accordingly a capacitance C _R and an inductance L _{R are} responsible for the RH behavior of a unit cell. The capacitance C _R and the inductance L _R can then be caused by the capacitance between the strip conductors and a ground layer or by the caused by the current flow in the capacitance structure C _L magnetic flux.

Preferably the unit cells are arranged on the substrate within a circular area, each unit cell having a uniform distribution of the circular area below occupied the unit cell corresponding circular section.

The circular area of a substrate can be subdivided symmetrically into n (n ∈ N ₊ ) equal sector sections or area segments, where n is the number of unit cells. Each segment is then covered with a stripline arrangement which, in accordance with the above description, in cooperation with the substrate and a ground plane, respectively realizes the lumped elements of a unit cell. In this case, the ring arrangement of the unit cells is circular, whereby a maximum of symmetry between the unit cells is achieved.

Advantageously, one of the capacitances (C _R , C _L ) of each unit cell can be formed as an interdigital capacitor. Such a capacitor is easy to realize in the manufacture of printed circuits. A comb structure of lines protrudes with their line fingers in the interstices of a corresponding counter-structure, without contacting them. A continuous gap path separates the comb structures from one another, wherein the gap path is preferably meander-shaped.

Preferably, at least one of the inductors (L _R , L _L ) of each unit cell is formed as a stub. It is particularly advantageous if these stub lines are arranged in a star shape around a center in such a way that there is a coupling between the stubs in the center.

The Formation of inductance as a spur line is the conceptual and manufacturing technology simplest realization of an inductance. A clash of Stub lines in a center where between the lines a Coupling exists, favors Again, the symmetry of the individual unit cells, as no separate Pairing each individual stub is required and one associated potential deviation of individual coupling points is excluded. The type of coupling of the stubs can be arbitrary and, for example, in a simple conductive connection consist.

at a preferred embodiment At the center is a via (a so-called "via hole") of the stubs formed to a mass level. The stubs then use the common via, thereby eliminating possible interference due to Individual vias of the stubs are avoided.

In another advantageous embodiment, a varactor in the common center of the stubs is provided instead of the common via. In this way, the resonant frequency can be influenced by changing the capacitance of the varactor, which becomes a tunable achieved speed of the ring resonator.

Further Details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following purely exemplary and non-limiting description of two embodiments in conjunction with the drawing.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE DRAWINGS

1 shows both a schematic representation of a ring resonator according to the invention of eight unit cells and an equivalent circuit of such a unit cell.

2 shows in a diagram a plot of the dispersion relation of the ring resonator according to the invention 1 ,

3 Fig. 12 schematically illustrates the layout of the printed strip conductors of the ring cavity resonator constructed of microstrips on a substrate, comprising eight unit cells 1 ,

4 shows a schematic perspective view of a four-unit cell comprising ring resonator.

5 (a) shows the current and the voltage distribution along the ring resonator according to 4 in the so-called voltage and current mode.

5 (b) shows an equivalent circuit of a ring resonator according to the invention consisting of N (N ε N ₊ ) unit cells.

5 (c) schematically shows the voltage mode equivalent equivalent circuits.

5 (d) schematically shows the current mode equivalent equivalent circuits.

DESCRIPTION PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

in the The following will be purely illustrative with reference to the drawings and not restrictive two embodiments inventive ring resonators described.

The schematic representation of in 1 in its entirety with 10 designated ring resonator shows eight unit cells, which are arranged in a circular ring. Each unit cell occupies one eighth of the circular area of the entire ring resonator.

According to the description of the ring resonator by the CRLH-line theory, two centrally symmetric line rings are each made of eight lines 12 and 14 are shown, for reasons of clarity, only a few were provided with reference numerals and with their eight coupling points 16 respectively. 18 of which, for reasons of clarity, only a few have been provided with reference numerals which form unit cells. The coupling points 16 and 18 are at the ends of the pipes 12 and 14 provided and serve the coupling each unit cell with a subsequent or a previous unit cell.

Inside the 1 For example, a unit cell is shown as an equivalent circuit with lumped elements L _R , C _R , L _L and C _L. The in the line 12 in series acting inductance L _R and capacitance C _L are shown by corresponding symbols as a capacitor or coil. Between the lines 12 and 14 are the inductance L _L and capacitance C _R coupled, which are connected in parallel.

The length p of the line belonging to a unit cell 12 and 14 corresponds to the length of the circular arc of the corresponding circular section.

The to the in 1 in the diagram of the ring resonator calculated using the CRLH-line theory, the values of the dispersion relation are shown in the diagram of FIG 2 shown graphically. The dispersion relation for a number of N (in this case N = 8) unit cells and the mode index n follows the expression:

The values for the unit cell concentrated elements realized in this embodiment are C _L = 0.7 pF, L _R = 3.4 nH, C _R = 1.0 pF, and L _L = 4.2 nH. On the branches applied in the diagram 22 and 24 In the dispersion relation, the resonances supported by the ring resonator are marked by dots, with the frequency in 2 in GHz. The resonances are distributed equidistantly over the β-axis of the diagram, corresponding to the resonance condition β _n = (2πn) / l, where l is the length of the circumference of the ring resonator.

As stated, the ring resonator exhibits properties of a metamaterial. The lower branch 22 The dispersion relation corresponds to the LH behavior of this metamaterial and is correspondingly at lower frequencies. The upper branch 24 sweeps the RH range at higher frequencies.

As mentioned earlier, a band gap separates 26 the LH of the RH area.

The layout of the printed stripline of the in 1 shown embodiment of a ring resonator according to the invention 10 is in 3 shown. Copper has been used as the conductor material. Eight stubs 30 . 32 . 34 . 36 . 38 . 40 . 42 and 44 are star-shaped on a substrate made of RT / Duroid 5880 ^® , with all stubs in the center 46 meet the star-shaped arrangement and adjacent stubs each include an angle of 45 °.

The from the center 46 to the end of each stub line 32 to 44 measured radius of the star-shaped arrangement is in this embodiment 15.30 mm. Each stub has a width of 2.00 mm.

at this embodiment may be on a via of the common center of the stubs to be dispensed with to a mass level because of the symmetrical Structure of the ring resonator except for a vibration mode zeroth Order of the ring resonator no vibration mode a current flow in the Through contact generated.

Between the stubs are each interdigital capacitors 48 formed, for reasons of clarity, only a few have been provided with reference numerals. The fingers of the interdigital capacitors each start from a stub line and are separated by a meander-shaped gap from the adjacent capacitor fingers of an adjacent stub line. The from the center 46 Distance measured to the outer boundaries of the interdigital capacitors is 13.80 mm in this embodiment.

At the stubs 30 is another interdigital capacitor 50 formed with a capacitance C _C = 0.16 pF, the coupling of the ring resonator 10 is used with a matching circuit and in the dash-dot oval A in 3 is shown in magnification.

A transmission line 52 with a length of 9 mm and a width of 0.4 mm is connected to the capacitor. For feeding the ring resonator 10 is at the other end of the line 52 a (not further shown here) 50 Ω connection provided.

The ring resonator shown 10 operates at two resonant frequencies f _-1 = 1.93 GHz and f _{+ 1} = 4.16 GHz, which in 2 are indicated by dashed lines. The field distribution on the ring resonator 10 is identical at both frequencies, so that identically shaped radiation patterns are generated. This feature is made possible by the utilization of the LH and RH properties in different frequency ranges realized in the ring resonator according to the invention.

Because the feeding of the ring resonator 10 takes place via a connection, the polarization of the radiation is not changeable in this embodiment. However, if in the described ring Resona If two stub lines offset by 90 ° are provided with matching circuits and feed points, the radiation can be polarized differently. For this purpose, the supply of the ring resonator takes place either exclusively at one of the terminals (horizontal or vertical polarization), or at both terminals with identical phase (45 ° polarization) or with a phase offset (circular or elliptical polarization).

In 4 is a highly schematic perspective cutaway view of a four-unit cell ring resonator comprehensive 60 shown here in the form of a on a plate-shaped carrier 61 trained multi-layer structure is realized.

The uppermost layer is formed by cross-shaped stubs 62 . 64 . 66 and 68 , In the region of the free ends of the stub lines go from each stub arc-like in the direction of the two adjacent stubs each four circular arc-like fingers 70 of which, for reasons of clarity, only a few have been provided with reference numerals. From each stub branch in total eight fingers 70 from. These fingers form as related above 3 described, interdigital capacitors. To feed a microstrip feed line is used 72 which forms the middle position.

A Special feature are the two additional ones Zero-order modes that have a constant voltage or current distribution along the ring resonator. The voltage mode corresponds thereby an equally distributed along the ring tension during the associated Current is zero. The current mode corresponds to one along the ring equally distributed electricity while the associated Voltage is zero. The ring structure allows the simultaneous Existence of both modes of zeroth order.

By combined electrical / magnetic coupling, a dual band operation of both zeroth order modes can be achieved. The adaptation can be done by the feed line 72 in the middle position, which couples electrically (voltage mode excitation) and magnetic (current sense excitation) to the ring structure on the top layer.

Im in 4 example shown are the stubs 62 . 64 . 66 and 68 through-contacted in the center of the ring formed by the unit cells - there is a so-called. "Via-Hole" 74 , By using a variable capacitance (a so-called varactor) instead of the via-hole 74 For example, the resonant frequency of the voltage mode can be made adjustable without affecting the resonant frequency of the current mode.

The Far field characteristic of such a ring resonator can be in the voltage mode be modeled by an electric monopole while the Ring resonator in current mode like a magnetic dipole over ground radiates.

The properties of in 4 shown ring resonator 60 , are in 5 summarized schematically, the 5 (a) the current and the voltage distribution along the ring resonator once in the voltage mode (in 5 referred to as "voltage mode") and once in the current mode (in 5 as "current mode") shows. The dotted line indicates the voltage (in 5 referred to as "voltage"), the dashed line and the current (in 5 referred to as "current").

5 (b) shows an equivalent circuit diagram of one of N (N ε N ₊₎ unit cells existing ring resonator.

In the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the voltage mode, the ring resonator can by the in 5 (c) , near the resonant frequency of the current mode through the 5 (d) Replacement circuit shown are modeled.

in the Within the scope of the inventive concept, numerous modifications are possible. So For example, the ring resonator can be made by various known techniques and methods are realized, such as e.g. also with methods of surface mounting technology, if the desired Frequency range allows this. In addition, the implementation of the Unit cell network required capacities and inductors any way, as two- or three-dimensional structures realized become. The shape of the ring of the unit cells is also taken into consideration the desired Application freely selectable. It is only essential that the unit cells constructed in the manner described, i. the described behavior show, and together to a closed chain or to a Ring are connected. The use of corresponding ring resonators for sending and / or receiving is also the subject of the invention.

10

Ring Resonator

12

management

14

management

16

coupling point

18

coupling point

22

branch

24

branch

26

bandgap

30

stub

32

stub

34

stub

36

stub

38

stub

40

stub

42

stub

44

stub

46

center

50

Interdigital capacitor

52

transmission line

60

Ring Resonator

61

carrier

62

stub

64

stub

66

stub

68

stub

70

finger

72

Microstrip feed line

74

Via hole

Claims (28)

Ring resonator ( 10 ; 60 ) - comprising at least two series-connected unit cells in the form of two-ported, each with an input port and an output port, - each unit cell at least two independent magnetic and at least two independent electrical energy storage provides and - wherein the input port of the first series-connected unit cell with the output port of the last series-connected unit cell is connected so that a ring assembly is formed. Ring resonator ( 10 ; 60 electromagnetic wave constituted by a plurality of identical unit cells each represented by a lumped element equivalent circuit in the form of capacitances and inductances, each unit cell providing at least two independent magnetic and at least two independent electrical energy stores, each unit cell thus providing in that its equivalent circuit is a series connection of a first capacitance (C _L ) and a first inductance (L _R ) in a first line ( 12 ) and a parallel connection of a second capacitance (C _R ) and a second inductance (L _L ) between the first line ( 12 ) and a second line ( 14 ), wherein the unit cells are arranged and coupled in a ring structure one behind the other in such a way that each unit cell is coupled in each case to a unit cell preceding in the direction of the ring and one following in the direction of the ring, the respective first lines ( 12 ) and in each case the second lines ( 14 ) of the coupled unit cells are interconnected. A ring resonator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resonator is in an LH frequency range in which the group and phase velocities of an electromagnetic wave passing through the resonator are oppositely directed, and in an RH frequency range in which the group and phase velocities of a the electromagnetic waves passing through the resonator are excitable, wherein, after an excitation with electromagnetic energy at least partially encompassing both frequency ranges, through the length of the ring arrangement certain resonance modes having an n × lambda Ver along the ring (n ε N +, lambda = wavelength of the resonance mode) in the RH frequency range and at the same time resonant modes with the same n · lambda distribution in the LH range are formed. Ring resonator according to claim 3, characterized that in the ring resonator after the two frequency ranges at least partially comprehensive stimulation with electromagnetic energy at the same time to the resonance modes a zero-order current mode is capable of propagation, by an associated locally constant along the ring formed by the unit cells Electricity and an associated Stress that is zero everywhere along the ring is described is. Ring resonator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized that in the ring resonator after the two frequency ranges at least partially comprehensive stimulation with electromagnetic energy at the same time to the resonance modes and possibly simultaneously the current mode a voltage mode zeroth order capable of propagation that is through an associated locally constant along the ring formed by the unit cells Tension and an associated Electricity running along the ring everywhere is zero, is described. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Unit cell are arranged distributed in two dimensions. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electrical and magnetic energy storage, in particular Lines, capacities and inductors, the unit cell are formed in a multi-layer structure. Ring resonator according to claim 7, characterized in that that the Multi-layer structure has a LTCC ceramic substrate. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electrical and magnetic energy storage, in particular Lines, capacities and inductors, the unit cell as printed structures (microstrip) on one Substrate are formed. Ring resonator according to claim 9, characterized that the Unit cells are arranged on the substrate within a circular area are, with each unit cell, one of the even division the circular area occupied under the unit cells corresponding circular section. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least an electrical and / or magnetic energy storage of a unit cell is designed as an interdigitated finger structure. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein each unit cell comprises two capacitances (C _R , C _L ), characterized in that at least one of the capacitances (C _R , C _L ) of each unit cell is formed as an interdigital capacitor. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein each unit cell comprises two inductors (L _R , L _L ), characterized in that at least one of the inductors (L _R , L _L ) of each unit cell is formed as a stub. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least an electrical or magnetic energy store as meandering or helical Line structure is formed. Ring resonator according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least a magnetic and / or electrical energy storage as high-frequency transmission line is trained. Ring resonator according to claim 15, characterized in that that the Radio frequency transmission line connected to ground at one end and a shorted one Stub line forms. Ring resonator according to claim 15, characterized in that that the High frequency transmission lines star shape arranged around a center and a coupling in the form of a galvanic Connection exists between the lines. Ring resonator according to claim 17, characterized that this Center over a via (via-hole) is connected to ground. Ring resonator according to claim 17, characterized that this Center has no via and no ground connection. Ring resonator according to claim 17, characterized that this Center over a controllable component, in particular a varactor or transistor, connected to ground. Ring resonator according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that between adjacent high-frequency transmission lines each a number of line fingers comprehensive interdigital capacitor is arranged, wherein of each high-frequency transmission line line finger go out of an interdigital capacitor. Ring resonator according to claim 1 to 21, characterized that at least an electrical or magnetic energy storage with one or a plurality of discrete controllable active components, in particular a transistor or varactor, is realized. A ring resonator according to claim 22, wherein the ring resonator is constructed on a semiconductor substrate, characterized in that that this at least one active component is integrated on the substrate. Ring resonator according to Claims 1 to 23, characterized the existence Feeding gate for magnetic, electrical or galvanic coupling of power is provided. Ring resonator according to Claim 24, characterized that at least two different injection points for feeding in power signals same and / or different amplitude and phase provided are. Ring resonator according to one of claims 13 or 15 to 21, characterized in that on at least one stub or a radio frequency transmission line a matching circuit is provided with a supply terminal. Ring resonator according to Claim 26, characterized that on at least two offset by 90 ° Stub lines or high-frequency transmission lines Matching circuits each provided with a supply terminal are. Method for transmitting and receiving high-frequency Energy, characterized in that a ring resonator after a the claims 1 to 27 is used as a radiator in antenna operation.