DE102005019982A1 - Extruded films or plates, useful as decorative or functional parts, comprises metal- or mineral- haptic and optics from a plastic mixture comprising thermoplastic polymer, particulate or fibrous inorganic filler, dispersant, and additives - Google Patents

Abstract

Extruded film or plates comprises a metal- or mineral- haptic and optics obtained from a plastic mixture comprising (wt.%) thermoplastic polymer (5-50); particulate or fibrous inorganic filler (50-95); dispersant (0-10); and additives (0-40), where the tear elongation and the tensile strength of the polymer is 1.1-100 and 0.5-4 times, respectively, larger than the tear elongation of the mixture. Independent claims are included for: (1) a thermoplastic molding material for preparing (A); (2) granulates for the thermoplastic molding material; (3) a foil layer or plate comprising (A), surface layer and at least one substrate layer obtained from thermoplastic polymers; (4) a molded part comprising (A), foil layer, plate, rear spray, rear foam or rear pressed carrier layer of plastic; (5) a method for preparing (A); (6) a method for the preparation of foil layer or plate comprising melting the layer foils or plates with one another by a coextrusion process; (7) a method for the preparation of the molded part comprising inserting rear tool, rear spray, rear mold or rear press of thermoplastic mold; or rear layer or rear press of duroplastic molding material in (A) and layer foil or plate by hot molding process; and (8) a decorative or functional parts comprising (A), foil layers or plates, and molded parts.

Description

• a 5 bis 50 Gew.-% eines thermoplastischen Polymers als Komponente A,
• b 50 bis 95 Gew.-% eines partikel- oder faserförmigen anorganischen Füllstoffs als Komponente B,
• c 0 bis 10 Gew.-% eines Dispergiermittels als Komponente C, und
• d 0 bis 40 Gew.-% weiterer, von Komponente B und C verschiedenen Zusatzstoffen als Komponente D,

wobei die Reißdehnung der Komponente A (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode) um den Faktor 1,1 bis 100 größer ist als die Reißdehnung der Kunststoffmischung umfassend die Komponenten A, B, und falls vorhanden C und D (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode), und wobei die Zugfestigkeit der Komponente A (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode) um den Faktor 0,5 bis 4 größer ist als die Zugfestigkeit der Kunststoffmischung umfassend die Komponenten A, B, und falls vorhanden C und D (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode).The invention relates to extruded films or plates with metal-like or mineral-like feel and optics made of a plastic mixture comprising, based on the total weight of components A, B, C, and D, which gives a total of 100 wt .-%,

• a 5 to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer as component A,
• b 50 to 95% by weight of a particulate or fibrous inorganic filler as component B,
• c 0 to 10 wt .-% of a dispersant as component C, and
• d from 0 to 40% by weight of further additives other than component B and C as component D,

wherein the elongation at break of the component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) by a factor of 1.1 to 100 is greater than the breaking elongation of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (determined according to the Description defined method), and wherein the tensile strength of the component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) by a factor of 0.5 to 4 is greater than the tensile strength of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D. (determined according to the method defined in the description).

Farther The invention relates to thermoplastic molding compositions for the production such extruded sheets or sheets, granules comprising such thermoplastic Molding compounds, composite layer films or plates and moldings comprising such extruded sheets or plates, methods of manufacture of these objects, the use of these items as well as decorative and functional parts comprising these objects.

Plastic masses containing inorganic fillers are known and are in manifold Application areas used. An application of such plastic materials is the replacement of mineral or metallic objects by plastic objects, for example with the aim of saving weight and / or a more cost-effective Production of such objects, however, the external appearance the objects as possible unchanged should be preserved. Examples are the replacement of chrome parts in the automotive sector by a thin chrome outer layer having plastic parts or the replacement of stone or marble slabs in the kitchen and Furniture area through coated plastic plates. One way to make plastic objects is the outward appearance of metals or minerals is filling with appropriate fillers. To achieve an acceptable appearance are but usually such high filling levels necessary that usually a deterioration of the mechanical Properties of the plastic mixtures takes place to an extent that, for example, toughness, Flexural strength and deformability for a technical application are insufficient. The use of shaping processes to make complex molded components from highly filled Plastic semi-finished products such as films, is therefore often limited or not possible at all.

task the present invention is the provision of plastic parts, the one possible metal or mineral-like Appearance, in particular metal or mineral-like Haptics and appearance, and over known plastic parts with metal or mineral-like Appearance improved mechanical properties, in particular improved toughness, Bending strength and deformability, as well as improved processing properties, For example, in forming processes for the production of complex shaped Functional or decorative parts, own.

• a 5 bis 50 Gew.-% eines thermoplastischen Polymers als Komponente A,
• b 50 bis 95 Gew.-% eines partikel- oder faserförmigen anorganischen Füllstoffs als Komponente B,
• c 0 bis 10 Gew.-% eines Dispergiermittels als Komponente C, und
• d 0 bis 40 Gew.-% weiterer, von Komponente B und C verschiedenen Zusatzstoffen als Komponente D,

gefunden, wobei erfindungswesentlich ist, dass die Reißdehnung der Komponente A (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode) um den Faktor 1,1 bis 100 größer ist als die Reißdehnung der Kunststoffmischung umfassend die Komponenten A, B, und falls vorhanden C und D (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode), und dass die Zugfestigkeit der Komponente A (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode) um den Faktor 0,5 bis 4 größer ist als die Zugfestigkeit der Kunststoffmischung umfassend die Komponenten A, B, und falls vorhanden C und D (bestimmt gemäß der in der Beschreibung definierten Methode).Accordingly, the above-mentioned extruded films or plates with metal-like or mineral-like feel and optics made of a plastic mixture comprising, based on the total weight of components A, B, C, and D, which gives a total of 100 wt .-%,

• a 5 to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer as component A,
• b 50 to 95% by weight of a particulate or fibrous inorganic filler as component B,
• c 0 to 10 wt .-% of a dispersant as component C, and
• d from 0 to 40% by weight of further additives other than component B and C as component D,

is found, is essential to the invention that the elongation at break of the component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) by a factor of 1.1 to 100 is greater than the breaking elongation of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D. (determined according to the method defined in the description), and that the tensile strength of the component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) by a factor of 0.5 to 4 is greater than the tensile strength of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (determined according to the metho defined in the specification) de).

Farther were thermoplastic molding compositions for producing such extruded Films or sheets, granules comprising such thermoplastic Molding compounds, composite layer films or plates and moldings comprising Such extruded films or plates, process for making them objects the use of these items as well as decorative and functional parts comprising these items found.

The extruded according to the invention Sheets or plates should be used if possible metal or mineral-like Appearance, in particular metal or mineral-like Haptic and appearance, compared to known Plastic parts with metal or mineral-like appearance improved mechanical properties, in particular improved toughness, Bending strength and deformability, as well as improved processing properties, For example, in forming processes for the production of complex shaped Functional or decorative parts, on.

The extruded according to the invention Foils or plates with metal-like or mineral-like Haptics and optics and the other objects according to the invention, methods and uses are described below.

Under the property "metal-like or mineral-like Haptic and optics "should be understood in the context of the present invention that the surface of a made of a plastic mixture object one opposite to a corresponding surface one out of one exclusively from the plastic on which the plastic mixture is based Object, for example when being touched, an increased thermal conductivity, in particular a compensation accelerated by a factor of 10 or more of the temperature gradient defined in the following paragraph. Of the called effect of increased Thermal conductivity, in particular of accelerated by a factor of 10 or more compensation of the following Paragraph defined temperature gradient, For the purposes of the present application, it is also referred to as a "Cool Touch" or "Cool Touch Effect", surfaces which include this Have effect are referred to as "cool-touch surfaces".

Of the Cool touch effect or the increased thermal conductivity the articles of the invention can be determined as follows ("cool-touch-test"): an article according to the invention with cool touch surface is stored at room temperature (23 ° C). A thermocouple is attached to the Cool touch surface attached to the object and has direct contact with this. thereupon the object gets into a 50 ° C warm oil bath stuck, with the thermocouple not in contact with the oil bath or other warm parts may come and has a distance of 5 cm to the oil surface. The entire apparatus is through a housing against external air flow, convection etc protected. For cool-touch surfaces increases usually within 20 seconds the measured temperature of the thermocouple by at least 10 ° C. The corresponding increase in temperature at a comparison item without Cool-Touch is usually max. 5 ° C above the starting temperature (23 ° C). The compensation of the temperature gradient (Reaching 50 ° C minus 10% = 45 ° C) by definition according to the invention Cool touch at least by a factor of 10 or more, preferably by a factor of 10 to 100, more preferably by a factor of 15 to 30, faster than comparable Plastics without a cool touch.

Extruded films or Plates:

• a 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 10 bis 40 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 30 Gew.-% der Komponente A,
• b 50 bis 95 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 60 bis 90 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 70 bis 80 Gew.-% der Komponente B,
• c 0 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0 bis 8 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 5 Gew.-% der Komponente C, und
• d 0 bis 40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0 bis 30 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 10 Gew.-% der Komponente D.

The extruded foils or sheets according to the invention with metal-like or mineral-like feel and appearance are based in one embodiment of the invention on a plastic mixture, based on the total weight of components A, B, C and D, which gives a total of 100 wt .-%,

• a from 5 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably from 20 to 30% by weight, of component A,
• b 50 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 60 to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 70 to 80 wt .-% of component B,
• c 0 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 8 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0 to 5 wt .-% of component C, and
• d is 0 to 40% by weight, preferably 0 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight of component D.

• a 5 bis 49,9 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 10 bis 39,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 29 Gew.-% der Komponente A,
• b 50 bis 94,9 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 60 bis 89,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 70 bis 79 Gew.-% der Komponente B,
• c 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,5 bis 8 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 5 Gew.-% der Komponente C, und
• d 0 bis 40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0 bis 29,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 9 Gew.-% der Komponente D.

The extruded films or plates according to the invention with metal-like or mineral-like feel and appearance are based in a preferred embodiment of the invention on a dispersant-containing plastic mixture comprising, based on the total weight of components A, B, C and D, which gives a total of 100 wt .-%,

• a from 5 to 49.9% by weight, preferably from 10 to 39.5% by weight, particularly preferably from 20 to 29% by weight, of component A,
• b 50 to 94.9% by weight, preferably 60 to 89.5% by weight, particularly preferably 70 to 79% by weight of component B,
• c 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 8 wt .-%, particularly preferably 1 to 5 wt .-% of the component C, and
• from 0 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0 to 29.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 9% by weight of component D.

It is essential to the invention that in addition to the filler fraction (component B) of the plastic mixture defined by said weight%, the elongation at break of component A is increased by a factor of 1.1 to 100, preferably by a factor of 1.2 to 50, particularly preferably by a factor 1.3 to 10 is greater than the elongation at break of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D, and that the tensile strength of component A by a factor of 0.5 to 4, preferably by a factor of 1 to 3, more preferably by a factor of 1 to 2.5 is greater than the tensile strength of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (a factor less than 1 means that the tensile strength of the component A is less than the tensile strength of A plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D);
These and all other elongations at break and tensile strengths mentioned in this application are determined in the tensile test according to ISO 527-2: 1996 on test specimens of type 1BA (Annex A of the cited standard: "small specimens").

The extruded according to the invention Foils or sheets generally have a total thickness of 50 μm to 5 mm, preferably of 70 microns up to 3 mm, more preferably 100 μm to 1.5 mm.

The extruded according to the invention Foils or plates are made of a plastic mixture, comprising the following components.

Component A

When Component A are basically all thermoplastic polymers suitable, in particular those with an elongation at break in the range of 10% to 1000%, preferably in the range of 20 to 700, more preferably in the range of 50 to 500.

Suitable as component A are, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene (impact-resistant or not impact-modified), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), ASA (acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate), MABS (transparent ABS, containing methacrylate units), styrene-butadiene block copolymer (for example, Styroflex ^® or Styrolux ^® of BASF Aktiengesellschaft, K-Resin ™ CPC), polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethyleneterephthalate glycol (PETG), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polycarbonate (such as Makrolon ^® of Bayer AG ), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), poly (ether) sulfones and polyphenylene oxide (PPO).

Prefers as component A, one or more polymers are selected from impact-modified group vinylaromatic copolymers based on thermoplastic elastomers of styrene, polyolefins, polycarbonates and thermoplastic polyurethanes used.

When likewise preferred component A are polyamides can be used.

toughened vinylaromatic copolymers:

preferred impact modified vinylaromatic copolymers are impact-modified copolymers from vinylaromatic monomers and vinyl cyanides (SAN). Prefers be as impact modified SAN ASA polymers and / or ABS polymers used, and (meth) acrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers ("MABS", transparent ABS), but also blends of SAN, ABS, ASA and MABS with other thermoplastics such as polycarbonate, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, PVC, polyolefins.

The ASA and ABS usable as components A generally have breaking elongations from 10% to 300%, preferably 15 to 250%, particularly preferred 20% up to 200%.

Under ASA polymers are generally understood to be impact-modified SAN polymers, in which rubber-elastic graft copolymers of vinyl aromatic Compounds, in particular styrene, and vinyl cyanides, in particular Acrylonitrile, on polyalkylacrylate rubbers in a copolymer matrix in particular styrene and / or α-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile.

• a1 1–99 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 55–80 Gew.-%, insbesondere 55–65 Gew.-%, einer teilchenförmigen Pfropfgrundlage A1 mit einer Glasübergangstemperatur unterhalb von 0°C,
• a2 1–99 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 20–45 Gew.-%, insbesondere 35–45 Gew.-%, einer Pfropfauflage A2 aus den Monomeren, bezogen auf A2, a21 40–100 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 65–85 Gew.-%, Einheiten des Styrols, eines substituierten Styrols oder eines (Meth)acrylsäureesters oder deren Gemische, insbesondere des Styrols und/oder α-Methylstyrols als Komponente A21 und a22 bis 60 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 15–35 Gew.-%, Einheiten des Acrylnitrils oder Methacrylnitrils, insbesondere des Acrylnitrils als Komponente A22.

In a preferred embodiment, in which the extruded films or plates comprise ASA polymers, the rubber-elastic graft copolymer A ^{K of} the component A is composed of

• a1 1-99% by weight, preferably 55-80% by weight, in particular 55-65% by weight, of a particulate grafting base A1 having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C.,
• a2 1-99 wt .-%, preferably 20-45 wt .-%, in particular 35-45 wt .-%, of a graft A2 from the monomers, based on A2, a21 40-100 wt .-%, preferably 65- 85 wt .-%, units of styrene, of a substituted styrene or a (meth) acrylic acid ester or mixtures thereof, in particular of styrene and / or α-methylstyrene as component A21 and a22 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 15-35 wt. -%, units of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in particular of acrylonitrile as component A22.

The Graft A2 consists of at least one graft.

• a11 80–99,99 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 95–99,9 Gew.-%, mindestens eines C_1-8-Alkylesters der Acrylsäure, vorzugsweise n-Butylacrylat und/oder Ethylhexylacrylat als Komponente A11,
• a12 0,01–20 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,1–5,0 Gew.-%, mindestens eines polyfunktionellen vernetzenden Monomeren, vorzugsweise Diallylphthalat und/oder DCPA als Komponente A12.

Component A1 consists of the monomers

• a11 80-99.99% by weight, preferably 95-99.9% by weight, of at least one C _1-8 -alkyl ester of acrylic acid, preferably n-butyl acrylate and / or ethylhexyl acrylate as component A11,
• a12 0.01-20 wt .-%, preferably 0.1-5.0 wt .-%, of at least one polyfunctional crosslinking monomer, preferably diallyl phthalate and / or DCPA as component A12.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the average particle size of the component A ^{K is} 50-1000 nm and is distributed monomodally.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the particle size distribution of the component A ^{K is} bimodal, wherein 60-90 wt .-% have an average particle size of 50-200 nm and 10-40 wt .-% have an average particle size of 50-400 nm, based on the total weight of the component A ^K.

The mean particle size or particle size distribution are the sizes determined from the integral mass distribution. The mean particle sizes according to the invention are in all cases the weight average particle size as determined by means of an analytical ultracentrifuge according to the method of W. Scholtan and H. Lange, Kolloid-Z. and Z. Polymers 250 (1972), pages 782-796. Ultracentrifuge measurement provides the integral mass distribution of the particle diameter of a sample. From this it can be seen how many percent by weight of the particles have a diameter equal to or smaller than a certain size. The average particle diameter, which is also referred to as the d ₅₀ value of the integral mass distribution, is defined as the particle diameter at which 50% by weight of the particles have a smaller diameter than the diameter corresponding to the d ₅₀ value. Likewise, then 50 wt .-% of the particles have a larger diameter than the d ₅₀ value. To characterize the width of the particle size distribution of the rubber particles, in addition to the d ₅₀ value (average particle diameter), the d ₁₀ and d ₉₀ values resulting from the integral mass distribution are used. The d ₁₀ or d ₉₀ value of the integral mass distribution is defined according to the d ₅₀ value with the difference that they are based on 10 or 90 wt .-% of the particles. The quotient (d 90 - d 10 ) / D 50 = Q represents a measure of the distribution width of the particle size. Rubber-elastic graft copolymers A ^K preferably have Q values of less than 0.5, in particular less than 0.35.

The acrylate rubbers A1 are preferably alkyl acrylate rubbers of one or more C _1-8 -alkyl acrylates, preferably C _4-8 -alkyl acrylates, preferably at least partially butyl, hexyl, octyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, in particular n Butyl and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate is used. These alkyl acrylate rubbers may contain up to 30% by weight of polymers which form hard polymers, such as vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylonitrile, styrene, substituted styrene, methyl methacrylate, vinyl ethers, in copolymerized form.

The Acrylate rubbers also contain 0.01-20 wt .-%, preferably 0.1-5 wt .-%, on crosslinking, polyfunctional monomers (crosslinking monomers). Examples of this are monomers which have 2 or more double bonds capable of copolymerizing which are preferably not conjugated in the 1,3-positions are.

suitable Crosslinking monomers are, for example, divinylbenzene, diallyl maleate, Diallyl fumarate, diallyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, Tricyclodecenyl acrylate, dihydrodicyclopentadienyl acrylate, triallyl phosphate, Allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate. As a particularly favorable crosslinking monomer dicyclopentadienyl acrylate (DCPA) has been found (see DE-PC 12 60 135).

The component A ^K is a graft copolymer. The graft copolymers A ^K have an average particle size d ₅₀ of 50-1000 nm, preferably of 50-800 nm and particularly preferably of 50-600 nm. These particle sizes can be achieved if, as the grafting base A1, particle sizes of 50-800 nm, preferably used of 50-500 nm and more preferably of 50-250 nm. The graft copolymer A ^K is generally one or more stages, ie a polymer composed of a core and one or more shells. The polymer consists of a base (graft) A1 and one or - preferably - several stages grafted thereon A2 (graft), the so-called grafting or grafting.

By simple grafting or multiple stepwise grafting can one or more grafts be applied to the rubber particles, each graft a other composition may have. In addition to the grafting monomers can polyfunctional crosslinking or reactive group-containing monomers with grafted on (see, for example, EP-A 230 282, DE-AS 36 01 419, EP-A 269 861).

In a preferred embodiment, component A ^K consists of a multistage graft copolymer, wherein the grafting steps are generally prepared from resin-forming monomers and have a glass transition temperature T _g above 30 ° C., preferably above 50 ° C. The multi-stage structure serves inter alia to achieve (partial) compatibility of the rubber particles A ^K with the thermoplastic matrix.

Graft copolymers A ^K are prepared, for example, by grafting at least one of the monomers A2 listed below onto at least one of the grafting bases or grafted core materials A1 listed above.

According to one embodiment the invention, the graft A1 is 15-99 wt .-% acrylate rubber, 0.1-5 % By weight of crosslinker and 0-49.9 Wt .-% of one of the stated further monomers or rubbers composed.

suitable Monomers for forming the graft A2 are styrene, α-methylstyrene, (meth) acrylic acid esters, Acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, in particular acrylonitrile.

According to one embodiment The invention serves as the grafting base A1 crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymers with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. The crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymers should preferably have a glass transition temperature below -20 ° C, in particular below -30 ° C, own.

In a preferred embodiment the graft A2 consists of at least one graft and the outermost graft shell of it has a glass transition temperature of more than 30 ° C, where a polymer formed from the monomers of the graft A2 Glass transition temperature of more than 80 ° C would have.

Suitable preparation processes for graft copolymers A ^K are the emulsion, solution, bulk or suspension polymerization. The graft copolymers A ^K are preferably prepared by free-radical emulsion polymerization in the presence of latexes of component A1 at temperatures of 20 ° C.-90 ° C. using water-soluble or oil-soluble initiators such as peroxodisulfate or benzyl peroxide, or with the aid of redox initiators. Redox initiators are also suitable for polymerization below 20 ° C.

suitable Emulsion polymerization processes are described in DE-A 28 26 925, 31 49 358 and in DE-C 12 60 135.

Of the Structure of the graft sheaths is preferably carried out in the emulsion polymerization process as described is in DE-A 32 27 555, 31 49 357, 31 49 358, 34 14 118. The defined Adjustment of the particle sizes of 50-1000 nm is preferably carried out according to the methods described in DE-C 12 60 135 and DE-A 28 26 925, or Applied Polymer Science, Volume 9 (1965), page 2929. The use of polymers with different Particle sizes for example, known from DE-A 28 26 925 and US-A 5,196,480.

According to the in DE-C 12 60 135 described method is first the Grafting A1 prepared by the or the according to a embodiment acrylic acid esters used in the invention and the polyfunctional, the crosslinking acting monomers, if necessary together with the other comonomers, in aqueous emulsion in known per se At temperatures between 20 and 100 ° C, preferably between 50 and 80 ° C, be polymerized. It can the usual Emulsifiers, such as, for example, alkali metal salts of alkyl or alkylarylsulfonic acids, alkyl sulfates, Fatty alcohol sulfonates, higher salts fatty acids with 10 to 30 carbon atoms or resin soaps. Preferably, the sodium salts of alkyl sulfonates are used or fatty acids with 10 to 18 carbon atoms. According to one embodiment are the emulsifiers in amounts of 0.5-5 wt .-%, in particular of 1-2% by weight, based on the monomers used in the preparation of the grafting base A1, used. In general, at a weight ratio of Water to monomers from 2: 1 to 0.7: 1 worked. As polymerization initiators serve in particular the common ones Persulfates, such as potassium persulfate. It can, however also redox systems are used. The initiators will be in general in amounts of 0.1-1 Wt .-%, based on that in the preparation of the graft A1 used monomers used. As further polymerization auxiliaries can the usual Buffer substances, by which pH values of preferably 6-9 are adjusted, such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium pyrophosphate, as well as 0-3% by weight a molecular weight regulator, such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric α-methylstyrene, be used in the polymerization.

The exact polymerization conditions, in particular the type, dosage and amount of the emulsifier are determined in detail within the ranges given above such that the resulting latex of the crosslinked acrylic ester polymer has a d ₅₀ value in the range of about 50-800 nm, preferably 50-500 nm , more preferably in the range of 80-250 nm. The particle size distribution of the latex should preferably be narrow.

For the preparation of the graft polymer A ^K is then polymerized in a next step in the presence of the resulting latex of the crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymer according to an embodiment of the invention, a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile, wherein the weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile in the monomer mixture according to an embodiment of the invention in the range of 100: 0 to 40:60, preferably in the range of 65:35 to 85:15. It is advantageous to carry out this graft copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on the crosslinked polyacrylate polymer used as the grafting base again in aqueous emulsion under the customary conditions described above. The graft copolymerization may suitably be carried out in the same system as the emulsion polymerization for the preparation of the graft A1, wherein, if necessary, further emulsifier and initiator may be added. The monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile to be grafted on in accordance with one embodiment of the invention can be added to the reaction mixture at once, batchwise in several stages or preferably continuously during the polymerization. The graft copolymerization of the mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of the crosslinking acrylic ester polymer is carried out in such a way that a degree of grafting of 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-45% by weight, in particular 35-45% by weight, based on the total weight of component A ^K , resulting in the graft copolymer A ^K. Since the graft yield in the graft copolymerization is not 100%, a slightly larger amount of the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile must be used in the graft copolymerization, as it corresponds to the desired degree of grafting. The control of the graft yield in the graft copolymerization and thus the degree of grafting of the finished graft copolymer A ^K is familiar to the skilled worker and can be done, for example, by the metering rate of the monomers or by adding a regulator (Chauvel, Daniel, ACS Polymer Preprints 15 (1974), page 329 et seq. ). In the emulsion graft copolymerization generally about 5-15 wt .-%, based on the graft copolymer, of free, ungrafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer. The proportion of the graft copolymer A ^K in the polymerization product obtained in the graft copolymerization is determined by the method indicated above.

In the preparation of the graft copolymers A ^K by the emulsion process, reproducible particle size changes are possible in addition to the given procedural advantages, for example by at least partial agglomeration of the particles into larger particles. This means that polymers with different particle sizes can also be present in the graft copolymers A ^K.

In particular, the component A ^K of the graft base and the graft shell (s) can be optimally adapted for the respective intended use, in particular with regard to the particle size.

The graft copolymers A ^K generally contain 1-99 wt .-%, preferably 55-80 and particularly preferably 55-65 wt .-% of the graft A1 and 1-99 wt .-%, preferably 20-45, particularly preferably 35-45 Wt .-% of the graft A2, each based on the total graft copolymer.

Under ABS polymers are generally understood to be impact-modified SAN polymers, in which diene polymers, in particular 1,3-polybutadiene, in a copolymer matrix in particular styrene and / or α-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile available.

• a1' 10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens einer kautschukelastischen Pfropfgrundlage mit einer Glasübergangstemperatur unter 0°C, erhältlich durch Polymerisation von, bezogen auf A1', a11' 60 bis 100, bevorzugt 70 bis 100 Gew.-% mindestens eines konjugierten Diens und/oder C₁- bis C₁₀-Alkylacrylats, insbesondere Butadien, Isopren, n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat, a12' 0 bis 30, bevorzugt 0 bis 25 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren monoethylenischen ungesättigten Monomeren, insbesondere Styrol, α-Methylstyrol, n-Butylacrylat, Methylmethacrylat oder deren Mischungen, unter letztgenannten insbesondere Butadien/Styrol- und n-Butylacrylat/Styrol-Copolymere, und a13' 0 bis 10, bevorzugt 0 bis 6 Gew.-% mindestens eines vernetzenden Monomeren, vorzugsweise Divinylbenzol, Diallylmaleat, Allylester der (Meth)acrylsäure, Dihydrodicyclopentadienylacrylat, Dinvinylester von Dicarbonsäuren wie Bernstein- und Adipinsäure sowie Diallyl- und Divinylether bifunktioneller Alkohole wie Ethylenglykol oder Butan-1,4-diol,
• a2' 10 bis 60, bevorzugt 15 bis 55 Gew.-% einer Pfropfauflage A2' aus, bezogen auf A2', a21' 50 bis 100, bevorzugt 55 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines vinylaromatischen Monomeren, vorzugsweise Styrol und/oder α-Methylstyrol, a22' 5 bis 35, bevorzugt 10 bis 30 Gew.-% Acrylnitril und/oder Methacrylnitril, bevorzugt Acrylnitril, a23' 0 bis 50, bevorzugt 0 bis 30 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren monoethylenisch ungesättigten Monomeren, vorzugsweise Methylmethacrylat und n-Butylacrylat.

In a preferred embodiment, in which the extruded films or sheets comprise ABS polymers, the rubber-elastic graft copolymer A ^{K of} the component A is composed of

• a1 '10 to 90 wt .-% of at least one elastomeric graft base having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C, obtainable by polymerization of, based on A1', a11 '60 to 100, preferably 70 to 100 wt .-% of at least one conjugated diene and or C ₁ - to C ₁₀ -alkyl acrylate, in particular butadiene, isoprene, n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, a12'0 to 30, preferably 0 to 25% by weight of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, in particular styrene, α-methylstyrene, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof, among the latter in particular butadiene / styrene and n-butyl acrylate / styrene copolymers, and a13'0 to 10, preferably 0 to 6 wt .-% of at least one crosslinking monomer, preferably Divinylbenzene, diallyl maleate, allyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid, Dihydrodicyclopentadienylacrylat, dinvinyl esters of dicarboxylic acids such as succinic and adipic acid and diallyl and divinyl ether bifunctional alcohols such as ethylene glycol or butane-1,4-diol,
• a2 '10 to 60, preferably 15 to 55 wt .-% of a graft A2', based on A2 ', a21' from 50 to 100, preferably 55 to 90 wt .-% of at least one vinyl aromatic monomer, preferably styrene and / or α Methylstyrene, a22 'from 5 to 35, preferably 10 to 30 wt .-% of acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile, preferably acrylonitrile, a23' 0 to 50, preferably 0 to 30 wt .-% of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate.

• a1'' 40 bis 90, bevorzugt 45 bis 85 Gew.-% einer kautschukelastischen teilchenförmigen Pfropfgrundlage A1'', erhältlich durch Polymerisation von, bezogen auf A1'', a11'' 70 bis 100, bevorzugt 75 bis 100 Gew.-% mindestens eines konjugierten Diens, insbesondere Butadien und/oder Isopren, a12'' 0 bis 30, bevorzugt 0 bis 25 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren monoethylenischen ungesättigten Monomeren, insbesondere Styrol, α-Methylstyrol, n-Butylacrylat oder deren Mischungen,
• a2'' 10 bis 60, bevorzugt 15 bis 55 Gew.-% einer Pfropfauflage A2'' aus, bezogen auf A2'', a21'' 65 bis 95, bevorzugt 70 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines vinylaromatischen Monomeren, vorzugsweise Styrol, a22'' 5 bis 35, bevorzugt 10 bis 30 Gew.-% Acrylnitril, a23'' 0 bis 30, bevorzugt 0 bis 20 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren monoethylenisch ungesättigten Monomeren, vorzugsweise Methylmethacrylat und n-Butylacrylat.

In a further, preferred embodiment In which the extruded films or boards contain ABS, component A ^K 'is a graft rubber with a bimodal particle size distribution, based on A ^K ',

• a1 '' 40 to 90, preferably 45 to 85 wt .-% of a rubbery elastic particulate grafting base A1 '', obtainable by polymerization of, based on A1 '', a11 '' from 70 to 100, preferably 75 to 100 wt .-% at least a conjugated diene, in particular butadiene and / or isoprene, a12 "0 to 30, preferably 0 to 25% by weight of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, in particular styrene, α-methylstyrene, n-butyl acrylate or mixtures thereof,
• a2 '' 10 to 60, preferably 15 to 55 wt .-% of a graft A2 '', based on A2 '', a21 '' 65 to 95, preferably 70 to 90 wt .-% of at least one vinyl aromatic monomer, preferably styrene , a22 '' 5 to 35, preferably 10 to 30 wt .-% acrylonitrile, a23 '' 0 to 30, preferably 0 to 20 wt .-% of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate.

• a^M1 40–100 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 60–85 Gew.-%, vinylaromatischen Einheiten als Komponente A^M1,
• a^M2 bis 60 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 15–40 Gew.-%, Einheiten des Acrylnitrils oder Methacrylnitrils, insbesondere des Acrylnitrils als Komponente A^M2.

In a preferred embodiment in which the extruded films or plates comprise ASA polymers as component A, the hard matrix A ^M of component A is at least one hard copolymer containing units derived from vinyl aromatic monomers and wherein, based on the Total weight of vinyl aromatic monomers dissipative units, 0-100 wt .-%, preferably 40-100 wt .-%, particularly preferably 60 to 100 wt .-% of α-methyl styrene and 0-100 wt .-%, preferably 0 -60 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0-40 wt .-% of styrene-derived units are contained, based on A ^M ,

• a ^M 1 40-100% by weight, preferably 60-85% by weight, of vinylaromatic units as component A ^M 1,
• a ^M 2 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 15-40 wt .-%, units of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in particular of the acrylonitrile as component A ^M 2.

• a^M1' 50 bis 100, bevorzugt 55 bis 90 Gew.-% vinylaromatischen Monomeren,
• a^M2' 0 bis 50 Gew.-% Acrylnitril oder Methacrylnitril oder deren Mischungen,
• a^M3' 0 bis 50 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren monoethylenisch ungesättigten Monomeren, beispielsweise Methylmethacrylat und N-Alkyl- oder N-Arylmaleinimide wie N-Phenylmaleinimid.

In a preferred embodiment in which the extruded films or sheets comprise ABS polymers as component A, the hard matrix A ^M 'of component A is at least one hard copolymer containing units derived from vinyl aromatic monomers and wherein, based on the total weight of vinylaromatic monomer-withdrawing units, 0-100 wt .-%, preferably 40-100 wt .-%, particularly preferably 60 to 100 wt .-% of α-methyl styrene and 0-100 wt .-%, preferably 0-60 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0-40 wt .-% of styrene-derived units are contained, based on A ^M ',

• a ^M 1 'from 50 to 100, preferably from 55 to 90% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers,
• a ^M 2 '0 to 50 wt .-% of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile or mixtures thereof,
• a ^M 3 '0 to 50 wt .-% of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, for example methyl methacrylate and N-alkyl or N-Arylmaleinimide such as N-phenylmaleimide.

• a_M1'' 69 bis 81, bevorzugt 70 bis 78 Gew.-% vinylaromatischen Monomeren,
• a_M2'' 19 bis 31, bevorzugt 22 bis 30 Gew.-% Acrylnitril,
• a_M3'' 0 bis 30, bevorzugt 0 bis 28 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren, monoethylenisch ungesättigten Monomeren, beispielsweise Methylmethacrylat oder N-Alkyl- oder N-Arylmaleinimide wie N-Phenylmaleinimid.

In a further, preferred embodiment in which the extruded films or sheets contain ABS as component A, component A ^M 'is at least one hard copolymer having a viscosity number VZ (determined according to DIN 53726 at 25 ° C. in 0.5% by weight. iger solution in dimethylformamide) of 50 to 120 ml / g, which contains units derived from vinyl aromatic monomers, and wherein, based on the total weight of vinyl aromatic monomers dissipative units, 0-100 wt .-%, preferably 40-100 Wt .-%, particularly preferably 60 to 100 wt .-% of α-methyl styrene and 0-100 wt .-%, preferably 0-60 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0-40 wt .-% derived from styrene Units are included, based on A ^M '

• a _M 1 '' from 69 to 81, preferably from 70 to 78% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers,
• a _M 2 "19 to 31, preferably 22 to 30 wt .-% acrylonitrile,
• a _M 3 '' 0 to 30, preferably 0 to 28 wt .-% of at least one further, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, for example methyl methacrylate or N-alkyl or N-Arylmaleinimide such as N-phenylmaleimide.

In one embodiment, components A ^M 'are present side by side in the ABS polymers which differ in their viscosity numbers VZ by at least five units (ml / g) and / or in their acrylonitrile contents by five units (% by weight) , Finally, in addition to the component A ^M 'and the other embodiments, copolymers of (α-methyl) styrene and maleic anhydride or maleimides, from (α-methyl) styrene, maleimides and methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile, or from (α-methyl) stryol, maleimides , Methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile.

In the case of these ABS polymers, the graft polymers A ^K 'are preferably obtained by means of emulsion polymerization. The mixing of the graft polymers A ^K 'with the components A ^M ' and optionally further additives is generally carried out in a mixing apparatus, wherein a substantially molten polymer mixture is formed. It is advantageous to cool the molten polymer mixture as quickly as possible.

Moreover, there are manufacturing and general as special embodiments of pre described ABS polymers in the German patent application DE-A 19728629 described in detail, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The abovementioned ABS polymers may contain other customary auxiliaries and fillers. Such substances are, for example, lubricants or mold release agents, waxes, Pig ments, dyes, flame retardants, antioxidants, light stabilizers or antistatic agents.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the viscosity number of the hard matrices A ^M and A ^M 'of the component A is 50-90, preferably 60-80.

Preferably, the hard matrices A ^M and A ^M 'of the component A are amorphous polymers. According to one embodiment of the invention, mixtures of a copolymer of styrene with acrylonitrile and of a copolymer of α-methylstyrene with acrylonitrile are used as hard matrices A ^M or A ^M 'of component A. The acrylonitrile content in these copolymers of hard matrices is 0-60 wt .-%, preferably 15-40 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the hard matrix. The hard matrices A ^M or A ^M 'of component A also include the free, ungrafted (α-methyl) styrene / acrylonitrile copolymers which are formed in the graft copolymerization to prepare component A ^K or A ^K '. Depending on the conditions used in the graft copolymerization for the preparation of the graft copolymers A ^K or A ^K ', it may be possible that a sufficient proportion of hard matrix has already been formed in the graft copolymerization. In general, however, it will be necessary to mix the products obtained in the graft copolymerization with additional, separately prepared hard matrix.

The additional, separately prepared hard matrices A ^M and A ^M 'of component A can be obtained by the conventional methods. Thus, according to one embodiment of the invention, the copolymerization of the styrene and / or α-methylstyrene with the acrylonitrile in bulk, solution, suspension or aqueous emulsion can be carried out. The component B preferably has a viscosity number of 40 to 100, preferably 50 to 90, in particular 60 to 80. The determination of the viscosity number is carried out according to DIN 53 726, while 0.5 g of material are dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide.

The mixing of the components A ^K (or A ^K ') and A ^M (or A ^M ') can be carried out in any manner by all known methods. If these components have been prepared, for example, by emulsion polymerization, it is possible to mix the polymer dispersions obtained with one another, then jointly precipitate the polymers and work up the polymer mixture. Preferably, however, the mixing of these components is carried out by coextruding, kneading or rolling the components, wherein the components, if necessary, have previously been isolated from the solution or aqueous dispersion obtained in the polymerization. The products of the graft copolymerization obtained in aqueous dispersion can also be only partially dewatered and mixed as a moist crumb with the hard matrix, in which case the complete drying of the graft copolymers takes place during the mixing.

Thermoplastic elastomers based on styrene:

Preferred thermoplastic elastomers based on styrene (S-TPE) are those having an elongation at break of more than 300%, particularly preferably more than 500%, in particular more than 500% to 600%. Particularly preferred as S-TPE is admixed with a linear or star-shaped styrene-butadiene block copolymer having outermost polystyrene blocks S and styrene-butadiene random styrene / butadiene _random copolymer blocks (SIB) _random or a styrene gradient (S / B) _taper block.

Of the Total butadiene content is preferably in the range of 15 to 50 wt .-%, most preferably in the range of 25 to 40 wt .-%, the total styrene content is suitably in the range of 50 to 85 wt .-%, especially preferably in the range of 60 to 75 wt .-%.

Preferably The styrene-butadiene block (S / B) consists of 30 to 75 wt .-% of styrene and 25 to 70% by weight of butadiene. Particularly preferred is a block (S / B) a Butadienanteil of 35 to 70 wt .-% and a styrene content from 30 to 65% by weight.

Of the Proportion of polystyrene blocks S is preferably in the range of 5 to 40 wt .-%, in particular in Range of 25 to 35 wt .-%, based on the total block copolymer. The proportion of copolymer blocks S / B is preferably in the range of 60 to 95 wt .-%, in particular in the range of 65 to 75 wt .-%.

Particular preference is given to linear styrene-butadiene block copolymers of the general structure S- (S / B) -S with one or more blocks (S / B) _{having random} styrene / butadiene distribution between the two S blocks. Such block copolymers are obtainable by anionic polymerization in a nonpolar solvent with the addition of a polar cosolvent or a potassium salt, as described, for example, in WO 95/35335 and WO 97/40079, respectively.

As vinyl content, the relative proportion of 1,2-linkages of the diene units, based on the sum of the 1,2-, 1,4-cis and 1,4-trans linkages understood. The 1,2-vinyl content in the styrene-butadiene copolymer block (S / B) is preferably below 20%, in particular in the range from 10 to 18%, particularly preferably in the range from 12 to 16%.

polyolefins:

The Polyolefins which can be used as components A generally have breaking elongations from 10% to 600%, preferably 15% to 500%, especially preferred 20% up to 400%.

When Component A are, for example, partially crystalline polyolefins, such as homo- or copolymers of ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, 4-methylpentene-1 and ethylene copolymers with vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, ethyl acrylate, Butyl acrylate or methacrylate. Preference is given as component A a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), Polypropylene (PP), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or Ethylene-acrylic copolymer used. A particularly preferred Component A is polypropylene.

polycarbonates:

The As components A usable polycarbonates usually have elongation at break from 20% to 300%, preferably from 30% to 250%, particularly preferably 40% up to 200%.

The polycarbonates suitable as component A preferably have a molecular weight (weight average M _w , determined by gel permeation chromatography in tetrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) in the range of 10,000 to 60,000 g / mol. They are obtainable, for example, according to the processes of DE-B-1 300 266 by interfacial polycondensation or according to the process of DE-A-1 495 730 by reacting diphenyl carbonate with bisphenols. Preferred bisphenol is 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, generally referred to as bisphenol A, as hereinafter.

Instead of of bisphenol A can also other aromatic dihydroxy compounds are used, in particular 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-Dihydroxydiphenylsulfit, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, 1,1-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 4,4-Dihydroxydiphenyl or Dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, preferably Dihydroxydiphenylcyclohexane or dihydroxylcyclopentanes, especially 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and mixtures of the aforementioned dihydroxy compounds.

Especially preferred polycarbonates are those based on bisphenol A or bisphenol A together with up to 80 mol% of the above aromatic dihydroxy compounds.

Particularly suitable as component A suitable polycarbonates are those which contain units derived from Resorcinol- or Alkylresorcinolestern, as described for example in WO 00/61664, WO 00/15718 or WO 00/26274; These polycarbonates are, for example, sold by General Electric Company under the trademark SollX ^®.

It can also copolycarbonates according to US-A 3,737,409 are used; Of particular interest are Copolycarbonates based on bisphenol A and di- (3,5-dimethyl-dihydroxyphenyl) sulfone, characterized by a high heat resistance distinguished. It is also possible Use mixtures of different polycarbonates.

The average molecular weights (weight average M _w , determined by gel permeation chromatography in tetrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) of the polycarbonates according to the invention are in the range from 10,000 to 64,000 g / mol. They are preferably in the range from 15,000 to 63,000, in particular in the range from 15,000 to 60,000 g / mol. This means that the polycarbonates have relative solution viscosities in the range from 1.1 to 1.3, measured in 0.5% strength by weight solution in dichloromethane at 25 ° C., preferably from 1.15 to 1.33. The relative solution viscosities of the polycarbonates used preferably do not differ by more than 0.05, in particular not more than 0.04.

The Polycarbonates can be used both as regrind and in granulated form.

Thermoplastic polyurethane:

In general, suitable as component A is any aromatic or aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethane, preferably amorphous aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethanes which are transparent are suitable. Aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethanes and their preparation are known in the art, for example from EP-B1 567 883 or DE-A 10321081, and are commercially available, for example under the trade marks Texin ^® and Desmopan ^® Bayer Aktiengesellschaft.

preferred Aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethanes have a Shore D hardness of 45 to 70, and a breaking elongation from 30% to 800%, preferably 50% to 600%, especially preferred 80% up to 500%.

Especially Preferred components A are the thermoplastic elastomers Base of styrene.

Component B

When Component B are in principle all particulate or fibrous inorganic fillers suitable. The mean particle diameter of the particulate and the mean fiber diameter of the fibrous fillers are in principle no restrictions subjected.

The fiber length fibrous fillers can vary widely. For example, fibers can with a length of a few μm can be used, it can but also so-called continuous fibers are used.

In a preferred embodiment The invention relates to metallic fillers, in particular powder of iron, copper, zinc, chromium or steel, preferably iron powder, in particular carbonyl iron powder used.

In a further preferred embodiment mineral fillers, in particular silicates, Carbonates, oxides, sulphates, and slags such as feldspar, marble, Quartz, rutile, alumina, clay, talc, calcium or magnesium carbonate, Chalk, magnesium oxide hydroxide, calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite or kaolin, phyllosilicates, mica, bentonite or amorphous silicates, used.

glass fibers and soot also preferred components B. Usable glass fibers can be made E, A or C glass and are preferably with a sizing and a bonding agent. Their diameter is generally between 6 and 20 microns. It can both Continuous fibers (rovings) as well as chopped glass fibers (staple) with a length of 1-10 mm, preferably 3-6 mm, be used.

Component C

When Component C are basically all the specialist for the application in plastic mixtures known and in the state of Technique described dispersants suitable. Preferred dispersants are surfactants or surfactant mixtures, for example anionic, cationic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactants.

cationic and anionic surfactants are described, for example, in "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", J. Wiley & Sons (1966), Volume 5, pages 816 to 818, and in "Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers, ed P. Lovell and M. El-Asser, Publisher Wiley & Sons (1997), pages 224-226, described.

Examples of anionic surfactants are alkali metal salts of organic carboxylic acids having chain lengths of 8-30 carbon atoms, preferably 12-18 carbon atoms. These are commonly referred to as soaps. They are usually used as sodium, potassium or ammonium salts. In addition, alkyl sulfates and alkyl or alkylaryl sulfonates having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, can be used as anionic surfactants. Particularly suitable compounds are alkali dodecyl sulfates, for example sodium dodecyl sulfate or potassium dodecyl sulfate, and alkali metal salts of C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ paraffin sulfonic acids. Furthermore, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium dioctylsulfone succinate are suitable.

Examples suitable cationic surfactants are salts of amines or diamines, quaternary Ammonium salts, e.g. Hexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromid and salts long-chain substituted cyclic amines, such as pyridine, Morpholine, piperidine. In particular, quaternary ammonium salts, e.g. Hexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromid of trialkylamines used. The alkyl radicals preferably have 1 to 20 carbon atoms therein.

Especially can nonionic according to the invention Surfactants are used as component C. Nonionic surfactants For example, in CD Römpp Chemistry Lexicon - Version 1.0, Stuttgart / New York: Georg Thieme Verlag 1995, keyword "nonionic surfactants" described.

Suitable nonionic surfactants are, for example, polyethylene oxide- or polypropylene oxide-based substances such as Pluronic® or Tetronic® from BASF Aktiengesellschaft. Polyalkylene glycols suitable as nonionic surfactants generally have a molecular weight M _n in the range from 1000 to 15000 g / mol, preferably 2000 to 13000 g / mol, particularly preferably 4000 to 11000 g / mol. Preferred nonionic surfactants are polyethylene glycols.

The Polyalkylene glycols are known per se or can be known per se Process, for example by anionic polymerization with alkali hydroxides, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide or alkali alcoholates, such as sodium methylate, Sodium or potassium ethylate or potassium isopropylate, as catalysts and with the addition of at least one starter molecule containing 2 to 8, preferably Contains 2 to 6 bonded to reactive hydrogen atoms, or by cationic Polymerization with Lewis acids, such as Antimony pentachloride, borofluoride etherate or bleaching earth, as catalysts from one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms be prepared in the alkylene radical.

suitable Alkylene oxides are, for example, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2- or 2,3-butylene oxide, styrene oxide and preferably ethylene oxide and / or 1,2-propylene oxide. The alkylene oxides can individually, alternating successively or used as mixtures. As starter molecules For example: water, organic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid or terephthalic acid, aliphatic or aromatic, optionally N-mono-, N, N- or N, N'-dialkyl substituted diamines with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, such as mono- and dialkyl substituted ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,3- or 1,4-butylenediamine, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5- or 1,6-hexamethylenediamine.

When starter molecules further contemplated are: alkanolamines, e.g. Ethanolamine, N-methyl- and N-ethyl-ethanolamine, Dialkanolamines, e.g. Diethanolamine, N-methyl- and N-ethyl-diethanolamine, and Trialkanolamines, e.g. Triethanolamine, and ammonia. Preferably be used polyvalent, in particular two-, trivalent or higher Alcohols, such as ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-diethylene glycol, Dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, Pentaerythritol, and sucrose, sorbitol and sorbitol.

When Component C also suitable are esterified polyalkylene glycols, for example, the mono-, di-, tri- or polyesters of the mentioned Polyalkylene glycols by reaction of the terminal OH groups of said Polyalkylene glycols with organic acids, preferably adipic acid or terephthalic acid, can be produced in a conventional manner. As component C is Polyethylene glycol adipate or polyethylene glycol terephthalate preferred.

Especially suitable nonionic surfactants are by alkoxylation of compounds substances produced with active hydrogen atoms, for example Addition products of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols, oxo alcohols or alkylphenols. Ethylene oxide is preferred for the alkoxylation or 1,2-propylene oxide used.

Further preferred nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated or non-alkoxylated Sugar esters or sugar ethers.

sugar ethers are by reaction of fatty alcohols with sugars obtained alkyl glycosides, sugar esters are obtained by reacting sugars with fatty acids. The for the production of the substances mentioned Sugars, fatty alcohols and fatty acids are known in the art.

suitable Sugar, for example, Beyer / Walter, textbook of organic Chemie, S. Hirzel Verlag Stuttgart, 19th edition, 1981, pp. 392 to 425 described. Particularly suitable sugars are D-sorbitol and those by Dehydration of D-sorbitol-derived sorbitans.

suitable fatty acids are saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated unbranched or branched carboxylic acids having 6 to 26, preferably 8 to 22, particularly preferably 10 to 20 C atoms, such as in CD Römpp Chemistry Lexicon - Version 1.0, Stuttgart / New York: Georg Thieme Verlag 1995, keyword "fatty acids" are called. Preferred fatty acids are lauric acid, Palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid.

suitable Fatty alcohols have the same carbon skeleton as those described as suitable fatty acids Links.

sugar ethers, Sugar esters and the processes for their preparation are those skilled in the art known. Preferred sugar ethers are prepared by known methods by reacting said sugars with said fatty alcohols produced. Preferred sugar esters are prepared by known methods Implementation of the mentioned sugars made with said fatty acids. Preferred sugar esters are mono-, di- and triesters of sorbitans with fatty acids, in particular sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan dilaurate, sorbitan trilaurate, Sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monopalmitate, Sorbitan dipalmitate, sorbitan tripalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan distearate, Sorbitan tristearate and sorbitan sesquioleate, a mixture of sorbitan mono- and diesters of oleic acid.

Especially suitable components C are alkoxylated sugar ethers and sugar esters which are obtained by alkoxylation of the cited sugar ethers and sugar esters. Preferred alkoxylating agents are ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide. The degree of alkoxylation is generally between 1 and 20, preferably 2 and 10, particularly preferably 2 and 6. Particularly preferred alkoxylated sugar esters are polysorbates which are obtained by ethoxylation of the sorbitan esters described above, for example described in CD Römpp Chemie Lexikon - Version 1.0, Stuttgart / New York: Georg Thieme Verlag 1995, keyword "Polysorbate". Particularly preferred polysorbates are polyethoxysorbitan, stearate, palmitate, tristearate, oleate, trioleate, especially polyethoxysorbitan which eg as Tween ^® 60 from ICI America Inc. (described for example in CD Rompp Chemie Lexikon - Version 1.0, Stuttgart / New York: Georg Thieme Verlag 1995, keyword "Tween ^® ").

component

As component D contains the plastic mixture on which extrude the invention foils or sheets are based on B and C different additives that are typical and common for plastic mixtures.

When such additives may be mentioned for example: dyes, pigments, dye, Antistatics, antioxidants, stabilizers to improve the Thermal stability, to increase the light stability, to Increase the hydrolysis resistance and chemical resistance, Means against the heat decomposition and in particular the lubricants / lubricants used for the production of moldings or molded parts are appropriate. The dosing of these other additives can at any stage done the manufacturing process, but preferably to a early Time to early the stabilization effects (or other special effects) of the Take advantage of additive. heat stabilizers or oxidation inhibitors are common Me tallhalogenide (chlorides, bromides, iodides), different from metals derived from group I of the periodic table of elements (like Li, Na, K, Cu).

suitable Stabilizers are the usual hindered Phenols, but also vitamin E or analogous compounds. Also HALS stabilizers (hindered amine light stabilizers), benzophenones, Resorcinols, salicylates, benzotriazoles such as TinuvinRP (UV absorber 2- (2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol of CIBA) and other compounds are suitable. These are usually in amounts of up to 2% by weight (based on the total mixture of the plastic mixture) used.

suitable Lubricants and mold release agents are stearic acids, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid ester or generally higher fatty acids, their derivatives and corresponding fatty acid mixtures having 12-30 carbon atoms. The quantities of these additives are in the range of 0.05-1 Wt .-%.

Also Silicone oils, oligomeric isobutylene or the like Substances come as additives in question, the usual amounts are 0.05-5 wt .-%. Pigments, dyes, color-whiteners, such as ultramarine blue, phthalocyanines, Titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfides, derivatives of perylenetetracarboxylic acid also usable.

processing aids and stabilizers such as UV stabilizers, lubricants and antistatic agents are becoming common in amounts of 0.01-5 % By weight used.

Process for the preparation extruded films or plates

The Production of the thermoplastic molding compositions for the production of extruded according to the invention Sheets or sheets of components A, B and, if available, C and D is carried out by methods known in the art, for example by Mixing of the components in the melt known to those skilled in the art Devices at temperatures, depending on the type of used Polymers A usually in the range of 150 to 300 ° C, in particular at 200 to 280 ° C, lie. The components can be supplied in each case pure form the mixing devices. But it can also individual components, such as A and B, premixed first and subsequently with other components A or B or other components, for example C and D, are mixed. In one embodiment, a first Concentrate, for example components B, C or D in the component A prepared (so-called additive batches) and then with the wished Quantities of the remaining components mixed. The plastic mixtures can processed according to methods known in the art to granules be to later Time to the films of the invention or sheets to be extruded. But you can also directly afterwards to the mixing process or in one step with the mixing process (i.e., simultaneous melt blending and extrusion), preferably by means of a screw extruder, extruded into the films or plates according to the invention become. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is the screw extruder as a single screw extruder with at least executed a distributive mixing screw element.

In a further preferred embodiment the inventive method is the screw extruder as a twin-screw extruder with at least executed a distributive mixing screw element.

The Process for the extrusion of the films or plates according to the invention can according to known in the art and described in the prior art methods, e.g. Slot extrusion as adapter or die coextrusion, and with the Skilled in the art and described in the prior art devices carried out become.

Depending on the polymer used as component A, the type and amount of the other components are chosen so that the plastic mixtures comprising the components A, B and, if present, C and D have tear strengths within the following ranges:
from 10% to 1000%, preferably from 20% to 700%, preferably from 50% to 500% (for S-TPE and polyethylene as component A),
from 10% to 300%, preferably from 12% to 200%, preferably from 15% to 150% (for polypropylene as component A),
from 20% to 300%, preferably from 30% to 250%, particularly preferably from 40% to 200% (for polycarbonates as component A),
from 10% to 300%, preferably from 15 to 250%, more preferably from 20% to 200% (for styrene polymers and PVC as component A).

Laminated sheets or foils

The extruded according to the invention Films or plates are suitable in particular as cover layer (3) multilayer composite sheets or films other than the Cover layer at least one substrate layer (1) of thermoplastic Plastic have. In further embodiments, the Composite laminates or sheets contain additional layers (2), for example color, Adhesive or intermediate layers, which are between the Cover layer (3) and the substrate layer (1) are arranged.

The Substrate layer (1) can in principle from any thermoplastic Be constructed plastic. The substrate layer (1) is preferred from the above, related to the extruded sheets or plates impact-modified vinyl aromatic copolymers, thermoplastic elastomers Base of styrene, polyolefins, polycarbonates and thermoplastic Polyurethanes or mixtures thereof prepared, particularly preferred from ASA, ABS, SAN, polypropylene and polycarbonate or mixtures thereof.

layer (2) is different from the layers (1) and (3), for example due to one of these different polymer composition and / or differing additive levels such as colorants or Effect pigments. Layer (2) may, for example, a coloring Layer, preferably dyes known to those skilled in the art, Color pigments or effect pigments, such as mica or aluminum flakes or Mica, may contain. Layer (2) can also be an improvement the mechanical stability composite laminates or films, or an adhesion promoter between layers (1) and (3).

A embodiment The invention relates to a composite layer plate or film a substrate layer (1), covering layer as described above (3) and an intervening intermediate layer (2) consisting of aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethane, impact polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate or styrene (co) polymers such as SAN, which impact can be modified For example, ASA or ABS, or mixtures of these polymers constructed is.

Becomes aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethane as the material of the intermediate layer (2), the aliphatic one described under layer (3) may be used thermoplastic polyurethane can be used.

Becomes Polycarbonate used as an intermediate layer (2), so under Layer (3) described polycarbonate can be used.

Impact-resistant PMMA (high impact PMMA: HI-PMMA) is a polymethyl methacrylate, which can be replaced by additions impact equipped is. Suitable impact-modified PMMA are described for example by M. Stickler, T. Rhein in Ullmann's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry Vol. A21, pages 473-486, VCH Publishers Weinheim, 1992, and H. Domininghaus, The Plastics and Their Properties, VDI-Verlag Düsseldorf, 1,992th

The Layer thickness of the above composite laminated sheets or foils is usually 15 to 5000 μm, preferably 30 to 3000 μm, more preferably 50 to 2000 microns.

In a preferred embodiment The invention consists of the composite layer plates or sheets a substrate layer (1) and a cover layer (3) with the following Layer thicknesses: substrate layer (1) 50 μm to 1.5 mm; Cover layer (3) 10-500 μm.

In a further preferred embodiment The invention consists of the composite layer plates or sheets a substrate layer (1), an intermediate layer (2) and a cover layer (3). Composite layer plates or sheets from a substrate layer (1), an intermediate layer (2) and a cover layer (3) preferably the following layer thicknesses: substrate layer (1) 50 μm up 1.5 mm; Intermediate layer (2) 50 to 500 μm; Cover layer (3) 10-500 μm.

In addition to the layers mentioned, the composite layer plates or foils according to the invention can also have on the side of the substrate layer (1) facing away from the cover layer (3) further layers, preferably an adhesion promoter layer, which have improved adhesion of the composite layer plates or foils to that described below Carrier layer serve. Such adhesion promoter layers are preferably prepared from a polyolefin-compatible material, such as, for example, SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, marketed, for example, under the trademark ^Kraton® ). If such a primer layer is present, it preferably has a thickness of 10 to 300 μm.

The composite laminate sheets or films may be prepared by known methods described in the prior art (for example, in WO 04/00935), for example by adapter or co-extrusion or laminating or lamination of the layers. In the coextrusion processes, the components forming the individual layers are rendered flowable in extruders and brought into contact with one another via special devices so that the composite layer plates or films result with the layer sequence described above. For example, the components may be coextruded through a slot die or a multi-layer die tool. This process is explained in EP-A2-0 225 500.

moreover can they are made by the adapter coextrusion process, such as it in the proceedings of the symposium Extrusion Technology "Coextrusion of Films", 8./9. October 1996, VDI-Verlag Düsseldorf, especially contribution of Dr. med. Networks is described. This economic Process is used in most coextrusion applications.

Farther can the composite layer plates according to the invention and foils by laminating or laminating foils or plates are made in a heatable gap. there be first the films described corresponding layers or plates separately produced. This can be done by known methods. thereupon will be the desired Layer sequence by corresponding superimposition of the films or plates made, to which this example by a heated nip guided and under pressure and heat be connected to a composite layer plate or film.

Especially In the case of the adapter coextrusion process, a matching of the flow properties of the individual components advantageous for the formation of uniform layers in the composite laminate sheets or foils.

moldings

The extruded sheets or sheets and the composite sheets or films comprising the extruded films of the invention or Plates can be used for the production of moldings. Any are Molded parts, preferably flat, especially large area, accessible. Particularly preferred are these extruded sheets or plates and composite laminates or foils for the production of molded parts used, where it is very good toughness, good adhesion the individual layers to each other and a good dimensional stability arrives, so that, for example, a destruction by peeling off the surfaces is minimized. Particularly preferred moldings have monofilms or composite laminates or sheets comprising the extruded invention Foils or plates and a back-injected, foam-backed, back-poured or behind pressed carrier layer made of plastic.

The Production of molded parts according to the invention from the extruded films or plates or the composite layer plates or films can be prepared according to known and described for example in WO 04/00935 Procedure (hereinafter the methods for further processing of composite laminate sheets or films, these methods but are also for the further processing of the extruded films or Plates can be used). The composite layer plates or films can without further processing stage injected behind, backfoamed, infused or be pressed behind. In particular, the use of the described allows Laminated sheets or foils also make a manufacture easily three-dimensional components without a prior thermoforming. The composite layer plates or foils but also subjected to a previous thermoforming process For example, you can Laminated sheets or foils with the three-layer construction Substrate layer, intermediate layer and cover layer or the two-layer structure Substrate layer and cover layer for the production of more complex Components are transformed by thermoforming. It can both Positive as well as negative thermoforming process be used. Corresponding methods are known to the person skilled in the art. The composite layer plates or foils are thereby processed in thermoforming stretched. As the surface quality of composite laminates or foils at high draw ratios, for example to to 1: 5 does not decrease with the stretching, are the thermoforming process almost no restrictions in relation to the possible Stretching. After the thermoforming process, the Composite layer plates or films of further shaping steps, For example, contour cuts, be subjected.

Out the composite layer plates or foils, if necessary after the described Thermoforming processes, by injection molding, foam back, or behind Rear press the moldings of the invention getting produced. These methods are known to the person skilled in the art and For example, in DE-A1 100 55 190 or DE-A1 199 39 111 described.

By injection-molding, back-foaming, back-casting or back-pressing of the composite layer films with a plastic material, the molded parts according to the invention are obtained. When molding, pressing or casting behind plastic materials, thermoplastic molding compositions based on ASA or ABS polymers are preferred. SAN polymers, poly (meth) acrylates, polyethersulfones, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonates, polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) and blends of ASA or ABS polymers and polycarbonates or polybutylene terephthalate and blends of polycarbonates and polybutylene terephthalate used Use of PP and / or PE offers to provide the substrate layer previously with a primer layer. Particularly suitable are amorphous thermoplastics or their blends. Preference is given to ABS or SAN polymers used as plastic material for the back molding. For backfoaming and backpressing, thermosetting molding compounds known to those skilled in the art are used in a further preferred embodiment. In a preferred embodiment, these plastic materials are glass fiber reinforced, suitable variants are described in particular in DE-A1 100 55 190. When foam-backing polyurethane foams are preferably used, as described for example in DE-A1 199 39 111.

In a preferred manufacturing method of the moldings of the invention the composite laminate sheet or film is deformed by hot working, subsequently placed in a mold and with thermoplastic molding compounds back-injected, back-poured or behind-pressed, or with duroplastic Backfoamed molding compounds or behind-pressed.

The Composite layered sheet or foil can after hot forming and experience an outline cut before inserting into the back mold. The contour cut can only after removal from the Hinterformwerkzeug respectively.

The extruded according to the invention Foils or sheets, laminated films or sheets and molded parts containing component B are as decorative or functional parts with metal-like or mineral-like Haptics and optics, in particular decorative or functional parts in automotive, Sanitary-, Toy, household, camping and office area, suitable.

The plastic parts according to the invention have a comparably good metal or mineral-like Appearance, in particular metal or mineral-like Haptics and optics, opposite known plastic parts with metal or mineral-like Appearance improved mechanical properties, in particular improved toughness, flexural strength and deformability, as well as improved processing properties, For example, in forming processes for the production of complex shaped Functional or decorative parts, on.

The The invention is explained in more detail below by means of examples.

As component A were used:
A1. Styroflex ^® 2G66, an S-TPE from BASF Aktiengesellschaft with an elongation at break of 480%
A2. Polypropylene, a commercial homo-polypropylene medium flowability
A3: Styrolux ^® 3G55 from BASF Aktiengesellschaft

As component B was used:
B1. Carbonyl iron powder from BASF Aktiengesellschaft

Out 1 part by weight of A1 and 17 parts by weight of B1, or 1 part by weight A2 and 17 parts by weight of B1, were on a kneader (type IKAVISC MKD Laborkneter H60) at temperatures of 140-190 ° C each a plastic premix produced. Each gave a free-flowing powder, each subsequently in a mini extruder from the company DSM compounded with as much component A3 was that the proportion by weight of component B1 based on the Total weight of the plastic mixtures was 89% each.

After that The plastic mixtures were each injection molded at 220 ° C to test specimens and elongation at break and tensile strengths in tensile test according to ISO 527-2: 1996 Test specimens from Type 1BA (Annex A of the cited standard: "small specimens").

Out The plastic mixtures were each a pressed film with 100 μm thickness at 200 bar pressing pressure and 200 ° C Temperature produced. The resulting films were each in an injection mold (60 × 60 × 2 mm plate with Bandanguss) inserted and back-injected with at 200 ° C (injection machine from Netstal with semi-automatic control, screw diameter 32 mm, needle valve nozzle, Cone casting, plate tool with 4 mm thickness and 200 × 100 mm Area, Screw speed 100 rpm, screw feed rate: 50 mm / s, cycle time: 50 s, injection time: 2 s, holding time: 10 s, Cooling time: 30 s, dosing time: 18 s, cylinder temperature: 200-220 ° C, mold surface temperature: 34 ° C at the plastic mixture containing A2, or 45 ° C in the plastic mixture containing A1).

By the injection molding process could each be made a composite, which was not delaminatable manually (i.e., pulling the film through 5 Test persons led not for detachment).

At the back-injected composite part containing the component A1 was the following Cool-touch experiment performed:
The composite was initially stored for 24 h at room temperature (23 ° C). A thermocouple was attached to the Cool Touch surface containing component A1. The composite was then placed in a 50 ° C oil bath with the thermocouple not in contact with the oil bath or other hot parts and spaced 5 cm from the surface of the oil bath. The entire apparatus was protected by a housing against external air flow, convection etc .. Within 20 seconds, the measured temperature of the thermocouple increased by 15 ° C. The compensation of the temperature gradient (reaching 50 ° C minus 10% = 45 ° C) took place after 40 s.

For comparison, an otherwise identical cool touch test was carried out with a molding, which was prepared according to the above-described insert molding process with Styrolux 3G55 ^®, but without previously to insert a film into the injection mold. The temperature increase after 20 s was only 4 ° C, the compensation of the temperature gradient took place after 600 s.

Claims (16)

Extruded sheet or sheet with metal-like or mineral-like feel and appearance produced from a plastic mixture comprising, based on the total weight of components A, B, C, and D, which gives a total of 100 wt .-%, a 5 to 50 wt .-% of a thermoplastic polymer as component A, b 50 to 95 wt .-% of a particulate or fibrous inorganic filler as component B, c 0 to 10 wt .-% of a dispersant as component C, and d 0 to 40 wt .-% further, component B and C additives other than component D, characterized in that the elongation at break of component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) by a factor of 1.1 to 100 is greater than the elongation at break of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (determined according to the method defined in the description), and that the tensile strength of the component A (determined according to that defined in the description en method) by a factor of 0.5 to 4 is greater than the tensile strength of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (determined according to the method defined in the description). Extruded sheet or plate according to claim 1, characterized that the compensation of the temperature gradient in the cool-touch test (determined according to the in the description defined method) by at least a factor of 10 or more is accelerated. Extruded sheet or plate according to claims 1 to 2, characterized that the elongation at break the component A (determined according to the in the description defined method) by the factor 1,2 to 50 is larger as the elongation at break the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (determined according to the in the description defined method), and that the tensile strength the component A (determined according to the in the description defined method) by a factor of 1 to 3 is greater as the tensile strength of the plastic mixture comprising the components A, B, and if present C and D (determined according to the definition in the description Method). Extruded sheet or plate according to claims 1 to 3, characterized that as component A one or more polymers selected from impact-modified group vinylaromatic copolymers based on thermoplastic elastomers of styrene, polyolefins, polycarbonates and thermoplastic polyurethanes be used. Extruded sheet or plate according to claims 1 to 4, characterized that as component B metallic fillers, mineral fillers, Glass fibers or carbon black used become. Extruded sheet or plate according to claims 1 to 5, characterized that the plastic mixture a 5 to 49.9 wt .-% component A, b 50 to 94.9% by weight of component B, c 0.1 to 10% by weight Component C, and d 0 to 40 wt .-% component D comprises. Thermoplastic molding composition for producing extruded films or sheets according to claims 1 to 6, comprising, based on the total weight of components A, B, C and D, which gives a total of 100% by weight, a 5 to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer as component A, b 50 to 95 wt .-% of a particulate or fibrous inorganic filler as component B, c 0 to 10 wt .-% of a dispersant as component C, and d 0 to 40 wt .-% further, component A and C different additives than component D, wherein the elongation at break of component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) by a factor of 1.1 to 100 is greater than the elongation at break of the thermoplastic molding composition comprising the components A, B, and, if present, C and D (determined according to the method defined in the description), and that the tensile strength of component A (determined according to the method defined in the description) is increased by a factor of 0.5 to 4 it is defined as the tensile strength of the plastic mixture comprising components A, B, and if present, C and D (determined according to the method defined in the description). Granules comprising the thermoplastic molding composition for producing extruded films or sheets according to the claim 7th Composite layer foil or plate with metal-like or mineral-like Haptics and optics, comprising an extruded sheet or plate according to claims 1 to 6 produced as a cover layer and at least one substrate layer from one or more thermoplastic polymers. Molding with metal-like or mineral-like Haptics and optics comprising an extruded film or plate according to claims 1 to 6 or a composite layer film or sheet according to claim 9 and a back-injected, foam-backed, back-molded or back-pressed carrier layer made of plastic. Process for producing an extruded film or plate according to one the claims 1 to 6 by melt mixing and extrusion of the components A, B and, if present, C and D. Process for producing a composite layer film or plate according to claim 9, characterized in that all layers of the composite layer plate or film in the molten state in a coextrusion process be connected to each other. Process for producing a composite layer film or plate according to claim 9, characterized in that one or more layers of Composite layer film or sheet in a laminating or laminating process be connected together in a heated nip. Process for the production of a molding according to claim 10, characterized in that the extruded sheet or plate or the composite layer foil or plate, optionally after one Hot forming process, is inserted into a mold tool and back injection, behind casting or backing with thermoplastic molding compounds or foam backing or Pressing back with thermosetting molding compounds takes place. Use of extruded sheets or plates according to claims 1 to 6 or composite layer films or sheets according to claim 9 or moldings according to claim 10 as decorative or functional parts with metal-like or mineral-like Haptics and optics, in particular decorative or functional parts in motor vehicles, Sanitary-, Toy, household, camping and office area. Decorative or functional parts with metal-like or mineral-like Haptics and optics comprising extruded films or plates according to claims 1 to 6 or composite layer films or sheets according to claim 9 or moldings according to claim 10.