DE102005013394A1 - Motor vehicle manufacturing method, by supplying prefabricated modules and/or vehicle parts to manufacturing units at two locations under control of central controller at further location - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves carrying out manufacturing phases in independent manufacturing units (1) in a first location and/or independent second manufacturing units (2a,2b) at a third location with a number of workers per unit that does not exceed a fixed maximum. A central controller (3) at a second location controls the operating parameters. Prefabricated modules and/or vehicle parts are supplied to the first and/or second manufacturing units under the control of the central controller. An independent claim is included for a further method of manufacturing motor vehicles.

Description

The The invention relates to a method for manufacturing vehicles at least a vehicle type, the production of several manufacturing sections consists.

at Today's vehicle production is once the required number of vehicles as well as the construction of the respective vehicle crucial for the size of a Automobile companies or individual factories as also for that, how is produced. As a result, worldwide manufacturing facilities with several thousand employees have arisen. The delivery of the production facilities with Parts and delivery of the vehicles requires a large logistical Effort and high costs. On changing the market situation In individual regions, too, it is only possible to react with great effort.

in the Area of distribution are already known methods in which the Distribution of products of a manufacturing company by independent and independent Company in a specific region or location. The manufacturer granted distributors the right to distribute their products while at the same time placing an obligation on the company operate according to the manufacturer's concept. In most make the sales company is committed to the economic and technical methods and equipment of the manufacturer.

The The object of the invention is a method for manufacturing vehicles in which a modular production of the vehicles is used comes and logistics expenses, especially for distribution of finished vehicles.

The The object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 24. advantageous Primary and Further Education are shown in the subclaims.

there The invention is based on the idea that companies with a defined maximum number of employees with flat Produce organizational forms effectively under optimal conditions and without big ones logistical effort to sell their products. Contradicting this is that vehicles are very complex products with a high level of development effort and know how.

Therefore, according to the invention provided that the manufacture or production of the entire Vehicle is divided into several production sections, where the implementation the individual manufacturing sections in each of the manufacturing sections associated independent first and / or second production units of a location, wherein at a first location in first production units vehicles and / or at a third location in second manufacturing units Vehicles are manufactured. The production units of a vehicle production are each located at a common location, depending on the size of the manufacturing sections in a common or in different, preferably the Manufacturing units customizable variable buildings. The production units have a defined number of employees who have a defined maximum number of employees does not exceed. Preferably, this maximum number of employees is between 100 and 300, preferably at 150 to 250, in particular at 190 to 210 Employees.

The Manufacturing units that together manufacture the entire vehicles carry out, be by a parent Control center, which is located at a second location, via control variables, for example Sizes of Production process, product information, such as design data, the number of finished vehicles and data to be produced Vehicles, for example the equipment of the vehicle to be manufactured, controlled. Further data, for example sales and personal data are conceivable in the control of the production units. Furthermore becomes the feeder of the parts and production materials used for the manufacture of the vehicles needed be controlled by the control center and performed if necessary. A different possibility in the supply of the manufacturing units consists in the interposition a logistics unit, which is also an economically independent organizational unit can. This is at least regarding the items to be delivered also controlled by the control center. The items can already prefabricated modules or vehicle parts. Also the supply of the production units with consumables through the logistics unit is conceivable. The production of at least one Part of the prefabricated modules and the vehicle parts may be in independent third Manufacturing units with a defined number of employees, the one defined maximum number of employees does not exceed, whereby the defined maximum number of employees also between 100 to 300, preferably at 150 to 250, in particular at 190 to 210 Employees. Also the third production units will be according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention by the control center controlled at least by operational control variables.

To a further advantageous embodiment of the invention are the third Production units at the location of the first and / or second production units arranged so that the logis tical effort of supplying the prefabricated modules and vehicle parts is minimized. In addition is it possible that to the first and / or second production units of vehicle production prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or consumables from other manufacturing facilities independent companies to be delivered.

The Control of the production units of at least the first and second Manufacturing units of vehicle production via a or more central electronic processing equipment and storage of information and control data of the parent Control center over at least one buildable communication link, today this is preferably the intranet or the internet, with electronic Processing equipment and / or decentralized electronic and / or output devices of the independent production units communicate. about the communication links are from the central electronic Facilities of the control center at least operational control data and / or Information data to at least one of the electronic processing devices and / or at least one of the electronic input and output devices at least the first and manufacturing units sent. The control center give over this data the entire manufacturing process of the vehicle, preferably including the quantity to be produced in front. Further control data are design data of the vehicles as well as the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or of the production process. Further control data is conceivable. In the central electronic facilities of the control center continues to be a continuous target / actual comparison of the control variables of individual production units. Furthermore, the processing is of administrative data as well as the maintenance of the individual Manufacturing units in the central electronic facilities the control center conceivable. The control center takes over the leadership the manufacturing units at least in terms of to be produced Vehicles and / or their parts as well as the manufacturing equipment and production processes. For that received the electronic processing facilities of the control center over the buildable communication links, especially the intranet or the Internet, informational information and / or informational information derived data from the electronic processing devices and / or directly from the electronic input and / or output devices the production units. According to an advantageous embodiment of Invention are part of the information data sensor data of the production in the manufacturing units, such as image or video data. About these Data can be obtained from the control center directly in case of problems in the production units Be influenced. Furthermore, she immediately receives information about innovations and improvements in the manufacturing units and their information can be direct to other manufacturing units in other locations over the Communication links are passed.

According to one Another advantageous embodiment of the invention are further Locations to supply the region of this region further second production units arranged for the production of vehicles, their training and control at least in the broad outlines of corresponds to the first and / or second production units.

To An advantageous embodiment of the invention is any independent manufacturing unit a legally and / or economically independent organizational unit with their own responsibilities, for example regarding the Employees and the profitability and / or distribution and of services The customers. By controlling and taking over the tasks described the control center is in addition to a uniform production of vehicles ensures uniform quality management at various locations. At the same time the production units through the control center a number of other operational tasks are taken and over the unified so that it is possible expenses for indirect To reduce work in the production units.

To a further embodiment of the invention are at least two of first and / or second and / or third production units legally and / or economically independent Organizations. This always makes sense when in one location in the production units to be summarized, the sum of the employees does not exceed the defined maximum number of employees. In one embodiment can do the entire production of the vehicles in an independent organizational unit respectively.

According to one training variant, the independent manufacturing units have only one hierarchical level or level of decision-making, which makes decisions more sound, as the work content, the process and the knowledge about this process are more complete at the decision-making level. The employees are not assigned to a fixed work system in the production units, but are integrated in different areas of the production units settable. The employees work with the holistic assumption of responsibility for the logically interconnected work contents.

Of Another is provided according to a development of the invention, that the scope and / or the size and / or the number of times to be performed Process steps within a production unit over the Number of employees in the production unit and the defined number of employees becomes.

The Number of independent Organizational units for The production of the vehicles at one location is also about the Number of vehicles to be manufactured or distributed. at Below a defined number of vehicles to be manufactured At a first location, the production of the vehicles in one single production unit performed.

In dependence the number of vehicles to be produced in accordance with the defined The maximum number of employees will be the production or a part of Manufacturing stages simultaneously in more than one independent manufacturing unit carried out. So can at higher numbers of vehicles at a first and / or third location for a manufacturing section be provided several organizational units.

A Another embodiment of the invention provides that, at least in dependence the number of vehicles to be manufactured at the first and / or third Location and / or the modules to be manufactured and / or vehicle parts considering the defined maximum number of employees Production unit individual modules and / or vehicle parts at the same time in more than one third production unit on the first and / or third Location to be made.

Farther can be provided that, depending on the number of too producing vehicles at the first and / or third location and / or the number of modules to be manufactured and / or vehicle parts below Observance of the defined maximum number of employees of a production unit the production of prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts is divided into successive manufacturing sections and the implementation the manufacturing sections in each case independent third production units he follows.

In addition will the number of employees in the first and / or second production units dependent on of each to be performed Production section of manufacture of vehicles and number set the vehicle to be manufactured. The production of vehicles is not subdivided according to the invention into equal production sections, but in dependence from each to be performed Process steps. For example, it can be provided that in a manufacturing unit welding work bodywork, in other protective coating work. Because these welding works a higher one Number of employees needed, The number of employees in this production unit will also be higher than in the production unit for be the protective coating. Optionally, in a manufacturing unit for the protective coating several production units for the welding be provided.

According to the invention is a Another method for manufacturing vehicles of at least one vehicle type provided at several locations, with the production of vehicles consists of several manufacturing stages and the production of vehicles or the implementation the manufacturing sections of the vehicle manufacturing according to the first Invention in each case independent first production units of a first location with a number of employees which does not exceed a fixed maximum number of employees, and which by a parent Control center at a second location at least with operational Control variables controlled become. additionally the production of the vehicles or the implementation of the Manufacturing sections of vehicle production in each second production units at least one third location with a staff number per manufacturing unit, the defined maximum number of employees does not exceed and which by the parent Control center at a second location at least operational Control variables controlled become. It takes place at each of the third locations, as well as on the first location, the production of whole vehicles instead. According to the invention Beyond that prefabricated modules for the vehicles and / or vehicle parts at the first location of first production units and / or one or more third Locations of the second production units in third production units with a number of employees per production unit that has a defined maximum number of employees does not exceed manufactured. The first Manufacturing units are prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts of the third production units of the first location and / or a supplied to the third locations. The second production units are prefabricated modules and / or Vehicle parts from the third production units of the first location and / or fed to one of the third locations. This makes it possible, first or second production units of vehicle production at a location provide, without at this location third production units for Production of supplier parts, ie prefabricated modules and vehicle parts, provided.

The control of the feeding of the modules and vehicle parts to the first and second production units via the higher-level control center. At the same time, the production of the modules and / or vehicle parts in the third production units can be carried out by the higher-level control center.

Of Furthermore, it can be provided that to the first and second production units prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts of other production facilities be delivered from other locations.

So far the delivery of the first and second production units prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts by the third Concerns manufacturing units, get the third production units corresponding control data for the production of the modules and / or vehicle parts as well as corresponding ones Delivery tax data relating to delivery quantity and place of delivery of the Control Center.

In addition are also all training and further developments of the first invention on this inventive method apply. In particular, here too, the parent control center points one or more central electronic processing facilities and storing control data and information data. At least one of the central electronic devices communicates via at least a buildable communication link, each with electronic Processing facilities and / or decentralized electronic input and output devices the first and second and / or third production units, wherein over the Communication links at least operational control data and / or technical data of vehicles and / or technical data the modules and vehicle parts of at least one of the central electronic devices of the control center at least each an electronic processing device and / or electronic and output device of the independent Manufacturing units are sent. This can be automatic or done on electronic polling.

From the electronic processing equipment and / or electronic Input and / or output devices of the production units are about buildable Communication links Information data and / or from the information data derived data at least about the production of the vehicles or the production of the modules and / or Vehicle parts to at least one central electronic device sent to the control center.

To A preferred embodiment of the second invention is a part the information data from the first and / or second and / or third Manufacturing units are sent to the control center, sensor data the production or the production processes in the production units. For example, you can in the production areas cameras, such as WEB or video cameras be installed, which monitor the manufacturing processes. When occurring Errors can be immediately responded by the Control Center, for example the delivery of spare parts will be arranged immediately. But also Improvements in the production process of individual production units Then there is a quick communication of this improvement the control center that made these improvements in other manufacturing units can implement.

Also According to the second invention, the maximum number of employees is per manufacturing unit at 100 to 300, in particular between 150 up to 250, preferably 190 to 210 employees. Should for the production needed in a region Vehicles a larger number needed by employees become the manufacture of the vehicles or even one or more prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts in individual production sections divided, with the individual manufacturing sections then in each case independent Production units of a location are performed. It can also be provided that one or more or all manufacturing sections in parallel manufacturing units at one location at the same time be performed. According to the invention is a direct communication between the first and second and third Manufacturing units not provided, communication and control The production units is done via the control center, especially if These are located in different locations.

• – Fertigung der Karosserie
• – Lackieren der Karosserie mit Oberflächenschutz
• – Montage von Fahrwerk und Antrieb an der Karosserie
• – Montage der Innenausstattung.

According to a development of the first and second invention, the vehicles are manufactured with the following production sections:

• - Production of the body
• - Painting the body with surface protection
• - Assembly of chassis and drive to the body
• - Installation of the interior.

• – Komplettierung des Fahrwerks,
• – Fertigung das Spaceframes bzw. des Tragwerks des Fahrzeuges
• – Oberflächenbehandlung des Tragwerks
• – Montage des Tragwerks auf dem Fahrwerk,
• – Montage der Innenausstattung,
• – Montage der Außenkarosserie (Beplankung)

According to another development of the first and second invention, the vehicles are manufactured with the following manufacturing sections:

• - completion of the chassis,
• - Manufacture the spaceframes or the structure of the vehicle
• - Surface treatment of the structure
• - mounting the structure on the chassis,
• - installation of the interior,
• - Assembly of the outer body (planking)

During the manufacturing stage of the assembly of the structure on the landing gear will be after training, the drive, the electrical system and possibly installed the air conditioning. In one embodiment, the production of the space frame or the structure of the vehicle and its surface treatment may be displaced into third production units of module production.

Of the Advantage of the invention lies in a high flexibility of production of vehicles. It can quickly change the market situation in the Regions are responding. With the modular production according to the invention are manageable Created organizational units that are self-responsible in the context act on the parent specified by the control center. The functional units can be self-sufficient operating units, which are also operated by "third parties" can. The overall responsibility of product development, quality assurance and / or production processes but at the control center. This preferably takes over the administrative activities the production units of the vehicle order on the Production of the vehicle up to the delivery and if necessary of service and customer service.

following the invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments. The associated Figures show:

1 a schematic diagram for carrying out the first method according to the invention,

2 another schematic diagram for carrying out the method according to the invention,

3 a schematic diagram for the division of the production of vehicles in several successive production units,

4 a principle of the division of the production of vehicle in several successively connected production units with production units of the production of modules and / or vehicle parts,

5 a schematic diagram of the manufacture of vehicles at several locations with material flows for the materials and components required in production.

According to the invention, at various first and third locations in different regions, which may also be different states or continents, production facilities for the production or production of vehicles are provided. These manufacturing plants consist of independent first and second production units 1 . 2a . 2 B which according to the embodiment are legally and economically independent organizational units. At another second location, which may be the same as one of the first or third locations, there is a control center 3 , The first and second production units 1 . 2a . 2 B received from the control center 3 Information, such as design data, manufacturing data, and / or other data on requirements for the distribution of manufactured vehicles and the services to be provided to the customer, such as repair or service of the vehicles. Furthermore, the production units receive data for assistance with errors in the production process and for sales. Further data, for example for sales promotion and marketing are possible. This happens according to the embodiment via communication links 7a . 7b . 7c like the intranet or the internet, between the electronic devices 10 . 8a . 8b the production units 1 . 2a . 2 B and at least one central electronic device 6a the control center 3 are buildable. The electronic devices 10 . 8a . 8b The production units may be electronic processing devices or, in the simplest case, a decentralized terminal device with input and / or output device, for example a personal computer. All communications traffic between the control center runs through these communication links 3 and the first and second manufacturing units 1 . 2a . 2 B , where from the control center 3 the necessary control data to the production units 1 . 2a . 2 B are sent and information from the manufacturing units about the production, the number of manufactured, because in the region distributable vehicles to the control center 3 be sent.

Furthermore, the transfer of any kind of administrative data for processing to the control center 3 possible. For example, this can be data for the charge calculation of the employees of the individual production units, whereby the control center 3 perform certain administrative work for payroll and the manufacturing unit 1 . 2a . 2 B from such work can relieve. Furthermore, all competencies for product development, quality assurance and product development lie with the control center 3 ,

In one possible case, the functional units get 1 . 2a . 2 B the corresponding data of the control center 3 which are updated on a regular basis. However, it is also conceivable that the production facilities and also the building and energy supply systems of the control center 3 be put. Preferably, these systems are the same in all locations. For example, a modular, flexible and expandable and / or scalable building and manufacturing structure is conceivable bar, whose size and location can be adapted to market conditions in the region.

The delivery of the production units 1 . 2a . 2 B with components and prefabricated modules via the control of the control center 3 depending on information data of the production units 1 . 2a . 2 B , Preferably, this is a logistics facility 5 either at one of the locations of the manufacturing units, the control center 3 or at any other location. This has an electronic processing device 9 on which of an electronic device 6b the control center 3 via a connectable communication link 4 Data are automatically forwarded, which first and second manufacturing unit 1 . 2a . 2 B when, how many prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts needed. The electronic processing device 9 then controls the delivery of the production units with the required parts. To reduce the logistical effort so-called shopping carts are handed over to the manufacturing facilities. These carts each contain the individual parts and prefabricated modules each of a vehicle at least in its basic equipment. Any additional parts, such as audio equipment, floor mats, etc. can also be delivered separately. The logistics unit 5 can also represent only a virtual warehouse, the material flows 11 to the production units 1 . 2a . 2 B according to specifications of the control center 3 performs.

An essential basic idea of the invention is that the number of employees of a production unit 1 . 2a . 2 B does not exceed a maximum number of employees that can be controlled via a hierarchy level. This maximum number of employees in the exemplary embodiment is 190 to 210 employees. Depending on the number of vehicles that can be distributed in the region and thus be manufactured at the location, an entire production unit can be used 1 . 2a . 2 B completely finish a vehicle.

Due to the market situation in the region of the location, a number of vehicles must be produced which have the production capacity of a production unit 1 exceeds the production of vehicles in several parallel production units 1.1 . 1.2 with a number of employees that does not exceed the maximum number of employees. 2 shows the division of the production unit 1 in two such independent manufacturing units 1.1 . 1.2 which may also be legally and / or economically independent organizational units. The production units 1.1 . 1.2 can be located in one location or in two neighboring locations of a region. As already in 1 shown, the control of the independent manufacturing units takes place 1 and the supply of the necessary parts by the control center 3 , where the communication of the manufacturing units 1.1 . 1.2 with the control center 3 each via their own communication links 7.1 and 7.2 between the central electronic device 6a the control center 3 and electronic facilities 10 the production units 1.1 . 1.2 he follows. A control communication between the production units 1.1 . 1.2 is according to 2 not provided.

Another way of manufacturing vehicles in independent manufacturing units is in 3 represented by production at one of the third locations. The production of the vehicles in production sections thus became the self-sufficient production units 2.1 to 2.8 split that each manufacturing section in a manufacturing unit 2.1 to 2.8 is carried out, wherein the respective finished products of the production units of the next production unit for further completion are handed over to the finished vehicle. The respective product streams are indicated by the arrows P. Again, the production units are independent production units, their control via the control center 3 he follows. For this purpose, each of the production units 2.1 to 2.8 at least one electronic device 10 in the simplest case is a personal computer with input and output devices. With the help of the electronic device 10 can each have a communication connection 7.1 to 7.8 to at least one electronic processing device 6a the control center 3 being constructed. For this purpose, known communication platforms, such as the Internet or the intranet can be used. Other forms of communication are conceivable. From the control center 3 receives each of the manufacturing units 2.1 to 2.8 All necessary control data to carry out the transferred manufacturing processes. According to the embodiment, each production unit here also receives its individual parts from the central logistics unit 5 , which in the embodiment in two single bearings 5.1 and 5.2 is divided. The control of the item flows or material flows 11.1 to 11.8 also takes place here via the control center 3 , These are provided by the electronic processing device 6b corresponding control data to the electronic device 9 the logistics unit 5 given. This control data is at least partially made up of the informational data provided by the electronic processing device 6a the control center 3 from the individual production units 2.1 to 2.8 receives generated.

The production units 2.1 to 2.8 Here, too, have a maximum number of employees of about 200 employees, the number of employees of the individual production units may vary depending on the manufacturing section to be performed. Every employee of a production unit belongs to several so-called job families, For example, production, service and maintenance, and takes on various tasks in personal union, which allows a flexible staff deployment depending on talent potential and training level. Each of the manufacturing units has only one hierarchical level, whereby all decisions are made on a personnel level. Decisions can be made more substantively the more complete the decision-making process is. Therefore, the employees work with the holistic assumption of responsibility for the logically interconnected work contents. This ensures a very flexible workforce, ensuring that a qualified employee can be quickly deployed at the right place at any time. The integration of multiple supporting processes in a group of employees (teams) is possible. The takeover of value-adding work sequences from upstream and downstream groups (up to the complete production phase) is possible individually. Leadership or responsibility primarily means process responsibility.

In 4 is an example of the manufacture of vehicles in several successive production units 1.1 to 1.4 presented at a first location, where at the location further manufacturing units 12 . 14 for the production of prefabricated modules and / or individual parts that direct their individual parts to the production units 1.2 and 1.4 deliver. These production units 12 . 14 as well as the production units 1.1 to 1.4 , a workforce that does not exceed the maximum workforce of approximately 200 employees. The production of the production units 12 . 14 is doing in the same way as the production units 1.1 to 1.4 the vehicle production from the control center 3 controlled. For this purpose, electronic devices are in the production units 13 . 15 provided with which a communication connection 17 . 18 to a central electronic device 6b the control center 3 can be built. The electronic device 6b represents the manufacturing units 12 . 14 Module and / or vehicle parts production the control data necessary for the production as well as data for the administrative control and the sales available. At the same time it is done by the control center 3 the control of the supply of the production units 1.2 and 1.4 through the production units 12 . 14 , In a variant of the embodiment not shown, however, it may also be provided that the required prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts are directly from the production units 1.2 and 1.4 be retrieved. The delivery of the production unit 12 with parts is done in the embodiment by controlling the control center 3 from the logistics unit 5 , In contrast, the delivery of the production unit 14 directly from a system independent manufacturing plant 20 , with the supplies supplied by the control center 3 be determined. This can be done via a communication link between the electronic device 6b the control center 3 and an electronic device 21 the independent manufacturing facility 20 happen.

In addition to supplying the production units 1.2 and 1.4 Vehicle manufacturing with prefabricated modules and vehicle parts from the production units 12 and 14 Module and / or vehicle part production continues to be a supply to the production units 1.1 . 1.2 and 1.3 from the logistics unit 5 as well as a delivery to the production unit 1.3 from an independent manufacturing plant 16 provided, with the supply of the production units also via the control center 3 is controlled. A direct requirement of parts through the production units 1.1 to 1.4 does not occur in the embodiment. The delivery flows 11 to the production units 1.1 to 1.4 and 12 and 14 with prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or individual parts are given only for example, all other possible variants are conceivable. The logistics unit 5 according to the invention is a unit which as well as the manufacturing units in all control and administrative functions and works from the control center 3 is controlled. The number of employees of the logistics unit should also not exceed the maximum number of employees specified for the production units. If a larger number of employees is necessary due to the number of workloads, the logistics unit becomes 5 divided into several logistics units, which can also be legally and economically independent. In a further variant is the logistics unit 5 only a virtual warehouse, which performs the delivery of the production units of production units of modular and / or single-part production and / or independent manufacturing facilities.

According to the embodiment of the 5 At the first location, four production units are arranged successively in the production sequence 1.1 to 1.4 arranged a production of vehicles, via the connectable communication links 7 between their electronic devices 10 and at least one central electronic device 6a the control center 3 be controlled with operational control variables. Which control variables that may have been described in detail in the other embodiments. Each of the production units 1.1 to 1.4 Edits a manufacturing section of the vehicle production. So is in the manufacturing unit 1.1 the body of the vehicles made. The production unit 1.2 Carries out the painting of the body with the necessary surface protection. In the production unit 1.3 the mounting of chassis and drive takes place the body and in the manufacturing unit 1.4 the installation of the interior with the headlight and light assembly and the disc installation.

At a third location, which may be in the same region or other region, there are three manufacturing units sequentially arranged in the order of manufacture 2.1 to 2.3 settled, which likewise over operational control variables of the control size 3 to be controlled. Here takes place in the production unit 2.1 body manufacture, including painting and surface treatment of a body. The production units 2.2 and 2.3 lead the manufacturing sections of the manufacturing units 1.3 and 1.4 by.

At the first location of the production units 1.1 to 1.4 is also a third production unit 12 settled for the production of prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts. This produces prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts, such as the body parts for the independent manufacturing unit 1.1 the vehicle manufacturing, and supplies the manufacturing unit 1.1 directly, whereby the control of the production and the supply of the production unit 1.1 through the control center 3 he follows. The control takes place via the buildable communication connection 22 between the electronic device 13 the production unit 12 and the electronic device 6b the control center 3 , Furthermore, the production unit supplies 12 the logistics unit 5 with body parts.

At the third location of the production units 2.1 to 2.3 is still a third production unit 14 settled for the production of modules and / or vehicle parts, the drive parts for the production unit 2.2 manufactures. In addition, the production unit supplies 14 the logistics unit 5 with parts. The control of the production and the delivery of the manufactured modules and / or vehicle parts is also carried out by the control center 3 about one between the electronic device 15 and the central electronic device 6b buildable communication connection 23 ,

The supply of the production units 1.2 to 1.4 and the manufacturing units 2.1 and 2.3 as well as the production unit 2.2 with the other modules and vehicle parts is provided by the logistics unit 5 taken over, also by the control center 3 is controlled. It receives the necessary control data via the build-up communication link 24 between the central electronic device 6b and the electronic device 9 , In addition to the production of modules and / or vehicle parts by the production units 12 and 14 become the other required modules and vehicle parts in independent manufacturing facilities 16 manufactured the logistics unit 5 supply, with the requirements of the electronic device 6b the control center 3 triggered and sent to the electronic device 19 be sent. The logistics unit 5 can also be designed as a virtual warehouse without a direct storage of modules and vehicle parts. In this case, by the logistics unit on request of the control center 3 the deliveries from the production units 12 and 14 and, where appropriate, independent manufacturing facilities 16 performed on the Fertigungssein units of vehicle production. This also applies to necessary consumables. The specified in the embodiment number and type of manufacturing steps of the vehicle manufacturing and the division of the manufacturing sections on the production units 1.1 to 1.4 and 2.1 to 2.3 as well as the production of the specified modules and / or vehicle parts by the independent production units 12 . 14 are only examples. Other variants are possible and conceivable.

As with the other embodiments, the manufacturing units 1.1 to 1.4 . 2.1 to 2.3 such as 12 and 14 an employee count that does not exceed the maximum number of employees. Each of the production units can be a separate legally and / or economically independent organizational unit. However, there is also the possibility that several production units are combined to form a legally and / or economically independent organizational unit. The control center 3 Here, too, assumes all the control tasks that relate to the vehicles or vehicle parts to be manufactured and the processes from vehicle order to delivery. If necessary, also administrative control tasks for the production units of the control center 3 be taken over. Furthermore, from the control center 3 taken over the product development and the quality assurance of the vehicles. Also, it is conceivable that the planning and construction of manufacturing facilities with all production equipment from the control center 3 is carried out. The delivery of the finished vehicles to the customer either by the last manufacturing unit in the production chain of vehicle manufacturing or the production units is a unit connected to the sales, but with respect to the number of employees and the control of the basic principles of the production units follows. As already stated in other embodiments, provision may also be made here for services, such as service or repair of the delivered vehicles, to be carried out for the customer directly in the production units, which are responsible for the corresponding work in the production sequence.

1

production units the vehicle production

1.1 to 1.4

production units the vehicle production

2a, 2 B

production units the vehicle production

2.1 to 2.8

production units the vehicle production

3

control Center

4

communication link

5, 5.1, 5.2

logistics unit

6a, 6b

central electronic device

7a, 7b, 7c, 7.1 to 7.8

communication link

8a, 8b

electronic Facility

9

electronic Facility

10

electronic Facility

11.1 until 11.8

material flows

P

product streams

12

production unit for item production

13

electronic Facility

14

production unit for item production

15

electronic Facility

16

independent manufacturing facility

17

communication link

18

communication link

19

electronic Facility

20

independent manufacturing facility

21

electronic Facility

22

communication link

23

communication link

24

communication link

Claims (52)

Method for producing vehicles of at least one vehicle type, the production comprising a plurality of production sections having the following features: - Execution of the production sections in independent first production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 ) at a first location and / or in independent second manufacturing units ( 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) at least one third location with a workforce per manufacturing unit that does not exceed a fixed maximum number of employees, and which is controlled by a higher-level control center ( 3 ) be controlled at a second location at least with operational control variables, - supply of prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts of the vehicles to the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ), wherein the supply of the modules and vehicle parts by the higher-level control center ( 3 ) is controlled at the second location. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts at least partially in independent third production units ( 12 . 14 ) with a number of employees per production unit that does not exceed a specified maximum number of employees. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the production of the prefabricated and to the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) to be supplied modules and vehicle parts of the vehicle in the independent third production units ( 12 . 14 ) by the higher-level control center ( 3 ) is controlled. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the independent third production units ( 12 . 14 ) at the first location of the first manufacturing units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 ) and / or at the location of the second production units ( 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) are arranged. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the scope and / or size and / or the number of process steps to be performed within a manufacturing section on the number of employees, in particular on the maximum number of employees in the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the number of independent first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) is determined at a location by the number of distributable vehicles in that region. Method according to Claim 6, characterized that falls below a defined number of to be produced Vehicles at the first and / or third location the production the vehicles is carried out in a single manufacturing unit. A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured, the production or a part of the manufacturing sections simultaneously in more than one independent first or second manufacturing unit is performed. Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at least one of the first or second production units ( 1 ) in at least two production units ( 1.1 . 1.2 . 1.3 . 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) is divided. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at the first and / or third location and / or to be manufactured modules and vehicle parts, the modules and / or vehicle parts in more than a third production unit ( 12 . 14 ) getting produced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at the first and / or third location, the production of the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts is divided into manufacturing sections and the implementation of the individual manufacturing sections in each independent third manufacturing units ( 12 . 14 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the number of employees in the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) is determined as a function of the respective manufacturing section to be carried out for the production of the vehicles and the number of vehicles to be manufactured. Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the independent first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are legally and / or economically independent organizational units. Method according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least two of the first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) form a legally and / or economically independent organizational unit. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the fixed maximum number of employees for the independent first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) of manufacturing the vehicles equal to the maximum number of employees specified for the independent third production units ( 12 . 14 ) of the prefabricated modules. Method according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) have only one hierarchical level or level of decision-making. Method according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the employees of the first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are not assigned to a fixed work system, but are used in different areas of the manufacturing unit. Method according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) carry out the manufacture of vehicles services, in particular the repair and the service, in particular also the distribution, for delivered or delivered vehicles, Method according to one of claims 1 to 18, that the control center ( 3 ) of the second location, the development work of the vehicles and planning work with regard to the vehicles to be produced and / or delivered prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or in the production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 and 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) Consumables required and / or with regard to the production facilities of the first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) and transfers the result to the independent production units as control variables. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the higher-level control center ( 3 ) one or more central electronic devices ( 6a . 6b ) for processing and storing control data, wherein at least one of the central electronic devices ( 6a ) via at least one build-up communication link ( 7 . 7a to 7c . 7.1 to 7.8 ) with at least one electronic processing device and / or decentralized electronic input and output device ( 8a . 8b . 10 . 13 . 15 ) of the independent first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) communicates, wherein via the communication connection at least operational control data and / or technical data of the vehicles of at least one of the central electronic devices ( 6a . 6b ) of the control center ( 3 ) to the at least one processing device and / or electronic input and / or output devices ( 8a . 8b . 10 . 13 . 15 ) of the independent first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ). A method according to claim 20, characterized in that the control data at least data on the number of vehicles to be produced and / or deliverable prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or data for performing the manufacturing sections and / or design data of vehicles or to be installed prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or production processes in the production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are. Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that via at least one communication connection ( 7 . 7a to 7c . 7.1 to 7.8 ) Information data and / or information data derived from the information data from at least one processing device and / or at least one electronic input and / or output device ( 8a . 8b . 10 . 13 . 15 ) of independent manufacturing units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) to at least one central electronic device ( 6a . 6b ) of the control center ( 3 ). A method according to claim 22, characterized in that at least a part of the information data sensor data, in particular image data for detecting the manufacturing environment within a first and / or second and / or third production unit ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are. Method for producing vehicles of at least one vehicle type at several locations, wherein the production of the vehicles consists of several production sections, having the following features: - execution of the production or of the production sections in respectively independent first production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 ) of a first location with a number of employees per production unit that does not exceed a fixed maximum number of employees and which is controlled by a higher-level control center ( 3 ) are controlled at a second location at least with operational control variables, - execution of the production or the production sections in respectively independent second production units ( 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) at least one third location with a number of employees per production unit, which does not exceed the maximum number of employees and which by the higher-level control center ( 3 ) at the second location are at least controlled with operational control variables, - manufacture of modules and / or vehicle parts for the vehicles to be manufactured at the first location of the independent first production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 ) and / or one or more third locations of the second production units ( 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) in third production units ( 12 . 14 ) with a defined number of employees that does not exceed a maximum number of employees. Feeding the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts of the vehicles to the first production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 ) of third production units ( 12 . 14 ) of the first location and / or one of the third locations and / or - supply of the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts of the vehicles to the second production units ( 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) of third production units ( 12 . 14 ) of the first location and / or one of the third locations. Method according to claim 24, characterized in that the first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts of further production facilities ( 16 . 20 ) to be delivered. Method according to claim 24 or 25, that at least the first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) are at least substantially identical with respect to the manufacturing sections. Method according to one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the supply of the modules and vehicle parts to the first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) and / or the production of at least part of the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts in the third production units ( 12 . 14 ) by the higher-level control center ( 3 ) of the second location. Method according to one of claims 24 to 28, characterized in that the third production units ( 12 . 14 ) from the control center ( 3 ) Delivery data for supplying the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) received. Method according to one of claims 24 to 28, characterized in that the scope and / or the size and / or the number of process steps to be performed within a manufacturing section on the number of employees, in particular the maximum number of employees in the first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ). Method according to one of claims 24 to 29, characterized in that the number of independent first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) at least by the number of distributable vehicles in the region of their location is determined. Method according to claim 30, characterized in that that falls below a defined number of to be produced Vehicles at the first and / or third locations manufacturing the Vehicles in a single manufacturing unit of the site is performed. A method according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at least the production or a part of the manufacturing sections simultaneously in more than one independent first and / or second production unit ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) is carried out. A method according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at the respective location of at least one of the first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) is divided into two production units. Method according to one of claims 24 to 33, characterized in that at least in dependence on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at the respective location and / or the modules and / or vehicle parts to be produced, the modules and / or vehicle parts simultaneously in more than one third production unit ( 12 . 14 ) getting produced. Method according to one of Claims 24 to 34, characterized in that, depending on the number of vehicles to be manufactured at the respective location, the production of the prefabricated modules and / or the vehicle parts is subdivided into production sections and the execution of the production sections is carried out in independent third production units ( 12 . 14 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 24 to 35, characterized in that the number of employees in the first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) is determined depending on the particular manufacturing section to be performed in the production of the vehicle and the number of vehicles to be manufactured. Method according to one of claims 24 to 36, characterized in that the independent first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are legally and / or economically independent organizations. Method according to one of claims 24 to 36, characterized in that at least two of the first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are legally and / or economically independent organizational units. Method according to one of claims 24 to 38, characterized in that the fixed maximum number of employees for the independent first and second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) of production of the vehicles equal to the specified maximum number of employees of the independent third production units ( 12 . 14 ). Method according to one of claims 24 to 39, characterized in that the production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) have only one hierarchical level or level of decision-making. Method according to one of claims 24 to 40, characterized in that the employees of the production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ) are not assigned to a fixed work system, but can be used in different areas of the manufacturing unit. Method according to one of claims 24 to 41, characterized in that the first and / or second production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) Carry out the services of manufacturing vehicles, in particular the repair and service of the vehicles, in particular the distribution of the vehicles for vehicles delivered to or delivered to customers. Method according to one of claims 24 to 42, characterized in that the control center ( 3 ) of the second location carries out the development work of the vehicles and planning tasks with regard to the vehicles to be produced and / or delivered prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts and / or Fertigungseinrichtun conditions for the production units and the result at least in part as control variables to the production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 ) passes. Method according to one of claims 24 to 43, characterized in that the higher-level control center ( 3 ) one or more central electronic devices ( 6a . 6b ) for processing and storing control data and / or technical data of vehicles and / or technical data of modules and / or vehicle parts, at least one of the electronic devices ( 6a . 6b ) via at least one build-up communication link ( 7 . 7.1 to 7.8 . 7a to 7c ) each having at least one electronic processing device and / or decentralized electronic input and output device ( 8a . 8b . 10 . 13 . 15 ), in particular decentralized terminal device, of the respective independent first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 5 . 12 . 14 ) communicates via the communication links at least control data and / or technical data of the vehicles and / or technical data of the modules and / or the vehicle parts of at least one of the central electronic devices ( 6a . 6b ) of the control center ( 3 ) to the at least one processing device and / or electronic input and / or output device ( 8a . 8b . 10 . 13 . 15 ) of the independent first and / or second and / or third production units ( 1 . 1.1 to 1.4 . 2a . 2 B . 2.1 to 2.8 . 12 . 14 ). Method according to claim 44, characterized in that that the control data at least data of the number of to be produced Vehicles or prefabricated modules to be delivered and / or Vehicle parts and / or data for carrying out the first and second Manufacturing steps and / or design data of the vehicles or the prefabricated modules and / or vehicle parts to be installed and / or production processes are. Method according to claim 44 or 45, characterized in that via at least one communication connection ( 7 . 7a to 7c . 7.1 to 7.8 ) Information data and / or data derived from the information data from at least one processing device and / or at least one of the electronic input and / or output device ( 8a . 8b . 10 . 13 . 15 ) of the independent production units of at least the manufacture of vehicles to at least one of the central electronic devices ( 6a ) of the control center ( 3 ). Method according to claim 46, characterized in that that at least part of the information data sensor data, in particular Image data, the production of the vehicles and / or the prefabricated modules and / or the vehicle parts. Method according to one of claims 1 to 47, characterized that the specified maximum number of employees between 100 and 300, in particular between 150 and 250, preferably between 195 and 210, lies. Method according to one of claims 1 to 48, characterized that manufactured the vehicles with the following manufacturing sections become: - Production the body - Paint the body with surface protection - Assembly of chassis and drive on the body - Installation of the interior Method according to one of claims 1 to 48, characterized that manufactured the vehicles with the following manufacturing sections become: - completion of the landing gear, - Production the space frame or the structure of the vehicle - Surface treatment of the structure - Assembly the structure on the chassis, - installation of the interior, - Assembly the exterior body (Planking). Method according to claim 50, characterized in that that while the production section of the assembly of the structure on the chassis the drive, the electrical system and / or the air conditioning are installed. A method according to claim 50 or 51, characterized in that the production of the space frame or the supporting structure of the vehicle and / or their surface treatment in third production units ( 12 . 14 ) of the production of modules is carried out.