DE102004059779A1 - Control unit for a heater as in ovens has three separately controllable heating circuits with switches between supply voltage poles for different heating combinations - Google Patents

Abstract

A control unit for a heater with three separate controllable heating circuits (HK1-3) comprises five switches and a control (15) for 1,2 or 3 heating combinations. There are switches between the supply voltage poles (S1-3) and (S4,5) respectively and the circuits connect directly or indirectly to the poles in the required combinations. An independent claim is also included for a control process for the above.

Description

field of use and state of the art

The The invention relates to a device for controlling a three-circuit radiator or Multi-circuit heater according to the generic term of claim 1 and a method for this control.

at Multi-circuit radiators, especially in those in electrical heaters such as hobs or ovens, is often a different level of performance adjusted by that the radiators or the individual heating circuits into which a radiator can be subdivided, in the timed operation for each different lengths of time to a supply voltage be connected or disconnected. By the omission the need for voltage regulation for power adjustment can only with switches for the tactics be worked, what a control or the power setting makes it easier and cheaper.

Task and solution

Of the Invention is based on the object, an aforementioned device as well as to provide a method advantageous to multi-circuit radiators to be able to control wherein a power setting is on the one hand as sensitive as possible and on the other hand one possible good switching behavior can be achieved with low network perturbations.

Is solved this object by a device with the features of the claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 4. Advantageous As well as preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of further claims and will be closer in the following explained. The wording of the claims is by express Reference made to the content of the description. Features that both for the Device as well as the method apply, in the following part only described once. However, they are generally valid regardless for both Aspects of the invention.

The Device has five Switching devices and a control for the switching devices, for example, according to a conventional control, as they for hobs or ovens is used. The three-circuit radiator or multi-circuit radiator has at least three operating modes, namely so many operating modes like heating circuits. When used in a hob forms such More district heating a single hob, so a hob, at each one individual cookware can be heated. In the first mode he is alone operated with a first heating circuit. In a second Operating mode, it is operated together with the first and a second heating circuit, in a third mode with the first and second heating circuits as well as a third together and so on. It can each be provided different power levels and heated areas, being the heated area with The increase in heating circuits is increasing, as is the maximum achievable Heating capacity. The heating circuits can alone or in combination with other heating circuits clocking be operated, with their interconnection either to the full Supply voltage is connected or is de-energized. there are between one pole of the supply voltage and the heating circuits Switching provided, as well as between the other pole the supply voltage and the heating circuits. Every heating circuit is directly and immediately via a Switching device connected to both poles of the supply voltage or associated with it. The second heating circuit is on the one hand together with the first heating circuit over a common switching device connected to a pole of the supply voltage, wherein its other connection directly with a connection of the third heating circuit is connected and the two over a common switching device with the other pole of the supply voltage are connected. In this way are different interconnections possible, with which the heating circuits or the radiator in different numbers and different levels of performance can be operated. In front In particular, such an interconnection not only the operation of each Heating circuit individually possible, but it is also interconnections, in particular series circuits, different heating circuits possible.

In Another embodiment of the invention is in Einkreisbetrieb as the first mode operated only the first heating circuit. The first heating circuit is over Switching devices with the two poles of the supply voltage connected and can be connected to this for operation.

It is possible to connect those connection of the first heating circuit, which is not connected together with the second heating circuit to one pole of the supply voltage, via switching devices to both poles or alternately connect. Thus, in addition to the Einkreisbe operation only with the first heating circuit and a series connection of the first heating circuit together with the second heating circuit possible. In such a two-circuit operation as a second mode of operation then only the first and the second heating circuit are operated, but not the third heating circuit. It is advantageous if, in terms of area distribution, the second heating circuit surrounds the first heating circuit, as is known in the case of multi-circuit radiators. In order to produce different instantaneous power in this two-circuit operation and also generally, the heating circuits are operated individually during certain times, in series and parallel to one another or else mixed. The height of the entire power or power generation of the radiator over a certain period of time results from the cycle times of the individual interconnections.

It is possible, that in a multi-circle radiator the power decreases starting from the first heating circuit, this being the performance design or area coverage of a heating circuit concerns. However, it is considered advantageous, the second Heating area with the largest individual power too provided and the third with the lowest. The third heating circuit this advantageously surrounds the other two heating circuits. Especially a round-concentric arrangement is realized.

in the Two-circuit operation is one possible high instantaneous power generated by the fact that the first heating circuit and the second heating circuit connected in parallel to the supply voltage are. To generate a possible low instantaneous power, the two heating circuits in series connected to supply voltage. For intermediate levels of momentary heat output is either the first heating circuit or the second heating circuit operated alone.

In a three-circuit operation as a third mode, so with as possible greater heated area as well as possible overall performance of the radiator, are at least temporarily all three heating circuits together in heating mode. For one maximum instantaneous power, all heating circuits are parallel and connected together to the supply voltage, so that to add their individual performances. For a total minimum heating power, when possible as well the entire maximum area of the radiator to be heated, all heating circuits connected in series to the supply voltage.

Between As with other operating modes, the two extreme values can thus be achieved be generated that either individual heating circuits connected be operated individually or series connections, Parallel circuits or combinations thereof.

intermediates can For example, be that the first heating circuit and the second heating circuit can be connected in series. Another two options result from the fact that the third heating circuit parallel to this is connected or not.

In a control for the heating circuits can be stored that when changing the Wiring diagrams of one or more heating circuits a detachable switching he follows. For example, at the same time a connection combination be set while the other is turned off. Such a switching operation can be beneficial in or as possible close to the zero crossing of the supply voltage. As switching devices are advantageous electromechanical power relay used, but it can also be electronic circuit breakers such as Triacs or IGBT.

Of Another can be advantageously provided in the control, the Connection diagrams in a defined manner for each set To repeat cooking stage. Under a cooking stage is here the verstan the, what an operator than about a want to achieve averaged continuous power for the radiator certain time.

different Permanent benefits can thus not only due to different cycle times of the individual heating circuits or their connection diagrams. By the maximum variability at any given time via interconnection determinable set instantaneous power can be the clock patterns or switching frequencies stronger to be influenced. In particular, the number may be necessary switching operations to set an over a certain time averaged continuous power can be reduced if via interconnection the heating circuits a lying near this continuous power instantaneous power is set. At the same time, however, should also be to some extent sufficient change of the heating circuits are respected, so that the generated heating power reasonably good over the entire area of the radiator distributed and there is not only local heating, which mean an unfavorable cooking result when operating as a hotplate would.

These and other features go out the claims also from the description and the drawings, wherein the individual features each for alone or in the form of subcombinations an embodiment of the Invention and other fields be realized and advantageous also for protectable versions can represent for the protection is claimed here. The subdivision of the application into individual Sections and intermediate headings restrict the not in its generality among these statements.

Summary the drawings

embodiment The invention are shown schematically in the drawings and will be closer in the following explained. In the drawings show:

1 a circuit diagram of a three-circuit radiator with individual heating circuits and switches and a controller;

2 the distribution of the individual heating circuits 1 on a three-circuit radiator of a hob and

3a to 10b various circuit diagrams in two-circuit operation and three-circuit operation with different interconnections of the individual heating circuits, including respective instantaneous power in a performance diagram.

detailed Description of the embodiments

In 1 is a circuit 11 shown, which serves to three heating circuits HK1 to HK3 to control or to provide power, which together a three-circuit radiator 13 or form a corresponding hotplate. In 1 This togetherness is represented by the surrounding dashed lines of the heating circuits HK1 to HK3. In 2 this is shown in spatial extension.

At the upper pole of a supply voltage, in a case of application as a hotplate of a cooktop, the mains voltage of 230V, as well as the lower pole a plurality of switching devices S1 to S5 are provided. These can either be mechanical power relays which are controlled by a controller 15 be activated or be activated and deactivated. Alternatively, they may be electronic circuit breakers, such as triacs, IGBTs, power transistors, or the like.

Of the first heating circuit HK1 and the second heating circuit HK2 are at the top Connection connected to each other and via a switch S2 to the upper pole of the supply voltage U connected. The third heating circuit HK3 is over a switch S1 connected to this upper pole. The other connection of the first heating circuit HK1 is at the upper pole of the supply voltage U about a switch S3 connected.

About switch S5 and S4 are each the lower terminals of the first heating circuit HK1 and the second heating circuit HK2 with the lower pole of the supply voltage U connected. The lower connection of the third heating circuit HK3 is connected to that of the second heating circuit HK2 and also via the Switch S4 can be connected to the lower pole.

from that It can be seen that each heating circuit is disconnected individually the supply voltage can be connected as well as various Combinations of series, parallel and mixed circuits possible are.

In 2 is the three-circuit radiator 13 shown in plan view. In particular, it represents a corresponding hotplate of a hob. The first heating circuit HK1 forms an innermost zone. This is surrounded in an annular manner by the second heating circuit HK2, which in turn is surrounded by the third heating circuit HK3. With such a three-circuit radiator, a hotplate with respect to the area to be heated or size can be adapted to a aufzusetzendes cookware. This allows a great variability aufzusetzender cookware. Instead of a concentric arrangement according to 2 it is also possible to connect to the first heating circuit HK1, which may be round, laterally and in extension a second heating circuit HK2. As a further extension or alternatively as an extension and broadening or even broadening, a third heating circuit HK3 can be used, for example to heat extra large roasting pans.

driving for different Services

in the The following assumes that the term "performance" means "instantaneous performance". Continuous power is the power that is provided in one Cycle operation over is generated averaged over a certain duration, ie the result from on-times and Off times. The first heating circuit is for a power of 900W, the second heating circuit HK2 for 1050W and the third heating circuit HK3 designed for 750W at U = 230V.

Should only the first heating circuit HK1 are operated in single-circuit operation, so all switches are open except for the switches S2 and S5. About these two Switch, a clock mode of the first heating circuit HK1 is set.

In 3a It is shown how, for a two-circuit operation, the first and the second heating circuits HK1 and HK2 are connected to the supply voltage U either parallel to each other or in series with one another. For activating or connecting the first and the second heating circuit HK1 and HK2, the switches S2, S4 and S5 are closed for the parallel connection, the remaining switches are opened. For the series connection, the switches S3 and S4 are closed and the remaining open.

In parallel connection, the added instantaneous power is generated, ie 1950W. This can, as in 3b is shown over the time t, ent either permanently generated or in clock mode. With intermediate clocks or any clocks can be generated in the series circuit, an instantaneous power of 480W, so much less.

After a second possibility in the two-circuit operation according to 4a is changed between the parallel connection and single control. For the individual control of the second heating circuit HK2, the switches S2 and S4 are closed and the others are open. For the individual control of the first heating circuit HK1, the switches S2 and S5 are closed and the rest are opened. Thus, instantaneous power of 1950W, 1050W and 900W can be generated with any clocks to a desired continuous power, which an operator on the controller 15 has chosen to reach.

According to a third possibility in the two-circuit operation after 5a is changed between the individual operation of the first heating circuit HK1 and the series circuit. This can generate instantaneous power of 900W or 480W, as in 5b shown.

In a fourth possibility for a two-circuit operation after 6a can be changed between the individual operation of the second heating circuit HK2 and the series connection. So are in accordance 6b Instantaneous power of 1050W and 480W possible in different timings.

From the above examples it becomes clear to what extent other different combinations are possible. So that can so in the two-circuit operation of the radiator 13 Instantaneous power of 1950W, 1050W, 900W, 480W are generated. From these instantaneous services, a continuous output can be compiled or made in accordance with a cooking level set by an operator by clocking as cheaply as possible. It is advantageous if between rule changing connection schemes, the number of switching operations can be kept as low as possible. As a result, the switches can be spared, especially in the case of relays. Furthermore, the network perturbations are minimized.

In the remaining figures, a three-circuit operation with all heating circuits HK1 to HK3 is described, which does not have to be permanently connected all. In any case, the goal of a three-circuit operation, with a three-circuit radiator 13 according to 2 To heat a correspondingly large cookware as quickly as possible, as evenly as possible and / or energy-saving.

If all three heating circuits HK1 to HK3 are operated in parallel, the instantaneous power is 2700W. If all three are connected in series, the instantaneous power is 300W. This is in 7b shown.

To 8a a clock pattern is described which first controls all heating circuits together and then each heating circuit HK1 to HK3 individually. This allows power gradations of 2700W, 1050W, 900W and 750W. This can then be operated with a roughly constant instantaneous power to the entire radiator, especially after a full cooking power cooking stage then medium cooking stages. Only the location or the surface of the coupling changes into a cooking utensil, which, however, does not present a problem with sufficiently frequent switching changes.

According to another option 9a and 9b is switched between the operation of the heating circuit HK3 alone and the series connection of the heating circuits HK1 and HK2, wherein the series circuit of HK1 and HK2, the third heating circuit HK3 can also be connected in parallel. This allows instantaneous power of 1230W, 750W and 480W to be set.

According to a fourth possibility after 10a and 10b is switched between a parallel connection of all heating circuits, the parallel connection of HK3 to the series connection of HK1 and HK2, the single operation of HK3 and the series connection of HK1 and HK2. This allows instantaneous powers of 2700W, 1230W, 750W and 480W to be set.

Out the aforementioned switching schemes including generated instantaneous power it is easily deductible for each set by an operator continuous benefits different Settings can be found, such as the heating circuits HK1 to HK3 via the switches S1 to S5 are connected to the supply voltage U. This can each be under single-circuit operation, two-circuit operation or three-circuit operation respectively. However, these are also in two-circuit operation or three-circuit operation individual heating circuits individually connectable for power adjustment.

Such as in 10b is shown, off-times may be provided in which no single heating circuit is connected. Furthermore, it may be provided for a certain time to always provide any power of any heating circuit or interconnection with other heating circuits. This can, depending on conditions or to be reached heating behavior in terms of switching frequency, heat input into a on a Radiator standing cookware, mains feedback or the like can be set.

Claims (13)

Device for controlling a three-circuit radiator ( 13 ) with three separately controllable heating circuits (HK1-3), wherein the device has five switching devices (S1-5) and a control ( 15 ) for the switching devices, wherein the three-circuit radiator cooperates in a first operating mode with a first heating circuit (HK1) alone, in a second operating mode with the first (HK1) and a second heating circuit (HK2) and in a third operating mode with the first (HK1) HK1) together with the second (HK2) and third heating circuit (HK3) is operable together with different power levels and heated surface areas, the heating circuits alone or in combination with other heating circuits in clocking operation to the full supply voltage (U) can be connected or de-energized are, characterized in that between one pole of the supply voltage and the heating circuits switching devices (S1-3) are provided and between the other pole of the supply voltage (U) and the heating circuits also switching devices (S4-5) are provided, wherein the heating circuits (HK1 -3) directly and directly via a respective switching device to both pole e of the supply voltage can be connected, being connected to a pole of the supply voltage of the first heating circuit (HK1) together with the second heating circuit (HK2) via a common switching device (S2) and to another pole of the supply voltage of the other terminal of the second heating circuit (HK2 ) can be connected together with a connection of the third heating circuit (HK3) via a common switching device (S4). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the connection of the first heating circuit (HK1), which is not common with the second heating circuit (HK2) to one pole of the supply voltage (U) is connected, over Switching devices (S3, S5) is connected to both poles. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized that the first heating circuit (HK1) has a slightly lower power (P) has as the second heating circuit (HK2) and a larger heating power has as the third heating circuit (HK3). Method for controlling a three-circuit radiator ( 13 ) with a device according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the switching means (S1-5) is separately operable. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that that to generate different instantaneous power (P) the Heating circuits (HK1-3) partly individually, partly in series and partly in parallel with each other become. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized that in a single-circuit operation as the first mode exclusively the first heating circuit (HK1) is operated by clocking the switching devices (S1-5), which connect it to the two poles of the supply voltage (U). Method according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized that in a two-circuit operation as the second mode exclusively the first (HK1) and the second heating circuit (HK2) together or separately operate. Method according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized that to produce as possible high instantaneous power (P) the heating circuits (HK1-3) parallel to each other the supply voltage (U) can be connected. Method according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized that to produce as possible low instantaneous power the heating circuits (HK1-3) connected in series the supply voltage (U) can be connected. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that that for intermediate stages of the heating power (P) of the first heating circuit (HK1) or the second heating circuit (HK2) separately and separately from the others and only one of both to the supply voltage (U) is connected. Method according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized that in a three-circuit operation at least temporarily all three heating circuits (HK1-3) in heating mode are, where for a maximum total instantaneous power (P) all heating circuits (HK1-3) in parallel mutually connected to the supply voltage (U) are and for a total minimum instantaneous power all heating circuits in series are connected to the supply voltage. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that that by connecting only individual of the heating circuits (HK1-3) intermediate stages of the delivered Instantaneous power are generated, preferably excluding the first heating circuit (HK1) and the second heating circuit (HK2) operated alone become. A method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that for an intermediate stage of the instantaneous power generated, the first (HK1) and the second heating circuit (HK2) in series and in turn the third heating circuit (HK3) in parallel to the Ver supply voltage (U) is connected.