DE102004053971A1 - Bleach mixture, used in detergent or disinfectant containing hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxide, contains phthalimidoperoxo-alkanoic acid, and tetraacetylethylenediamine and/or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine - Google Patents

Abstract

Bleach mixture contains phthalimidoperoxo-alkanoic acid (I), and tetraacetylethylenediamine and/or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine (II). Bleach mixture contains: (a) phthalimidoperoxo-alkanoic acid of formula (I); and (b) tetraacetylethylenediamine and/or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine. n : 3, 4 or 5. [Image].

Description

The Invention relates to improved bleaching mixtures for use in laundry, Cleaning and disinfecting agents. In particular, the Co-granules of such bleach mixtures with improved Bleaching performance on a variety of bleachable stains.

Inorganic peroxygen compounds, particularly hydrogen peroxide and solid peroxygen compounds which dissolve in water to release hydrogen peroxide, such as sodium perborate and sodium carbonate perhydrate, have long been used as oxidizing agents for disinfecting and bleaching purposes. The oxidation effect of these substances in dilute solutions depends strongly on the temperature; Thus, for example, with H ₂ O ₂ or perborate in alkaline bleaching liquors only at temperatures above about 80 ° C, a sufficiently fast bleaching of soiled textiles.

at lower temperatures can reduce the oxidation effect of the inorganic Peroxygen compounds by addition of so-called bleach activators be improved. Therefor In the past, numerous proposals were drawn up, especially from the classes of N- or O-acyl compounds, for example, several times acylated alkylenediamines, especially tetraacetylethylenediamine and tetraacetylglycoluril, N-acylated hydantoins, hydrazides, triazoles, Hydrotriazines, urazoles. Diketopiperazines, sulfurylamides and cyanurates, as well as carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride and substituted maleic anhydrides, Carbonsäureester, especially sodium acetoxybenzenesulfonate, sodium benzoyloxybenzenesulfonate (BOBS), Sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), sodium isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (ISONOBS) and acylated sugar derivatives, such as pentaacetyl glucose. By adding these substances, the bleaching effect of aqueous peroxide be increased so much that even at temperatures around 40 - 60 ° C substantially the same effects as with the peroxide solution alone at 95 ° C occur.

Bleach activators are essential ingredients in powdered or tableted detergents, spot salts or machine dishwashing detergents, wherein they are used in particular in granulated form. hereby will their storage stability clearly increased. The achievable bleaching result is essentially determined by the water solubility the activator, the structure of the compound to be perhydrolyzed, Nature and reactivity the formed peracid, of granulating aid and type of granule production.

Bleach activators can be considered in terms of their reactivity to certain soils into two classes, hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Hydrophilic Bleach activators in particular remove tea or red wine stains, while hydrophobic activators preferably oily discoloration How to discolor ketchup and barbecue sauce. Many of the daily Life occurring stains do not fall into these classes (e.g., grass, curry) or are mixtures of various soils (e.g., baby food). Here leads the use of a single bleach activator usually unsatisfactory Results. With regard to further sinking wash temperatures and More volume-efficient formulations will be synergistic in the future Mixtures of detergent ingredients of particular interest.

The Use of special activator mixtures consisting of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic activator is prior art. As hydrophobic Component become predominant Derivatives of the highly water-soluble Sodium phenolsulfonates used. Thus, e.g. in EP-A-0 257 700 mixtures of nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate with tetraacetylethylenediamine, Benzoyloxybenzolsulfonat or acetoxybenzenesulfonate claims. WO-02/083 829 describes improved efficacy of mixtures consisting of tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium 4- (sulfophenyl octyl) carbonate.

The Bleaching optimum of the activator mixtures depends on the type and the mixing ratio of the used activators as well as the type of stains to be removed and can not experience theoretically calculated in advance. It therefore persists strong interest in novel bleach activator mixtures with which synergistic effects can be achieved.

Surprisingly has now been found that mixtures of certain peracetic acid-releasing Activators with hydrophobic organic peracids significant synergistic Effects on hard-to-remove soils such as grass and curry exhibit.

• a) einer Verbindung der Formel (1)
  
  worin n die Zahlen 3, 4 oder 5 bedeutet, und
• b) Tetraacetylethylendiamin und/oder 1,5-Diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazin. Als Persäure der Formel (1) ist Phthalimidoperoxo-capronsäure (PAP) besonders bevorzugt.

The invention provides bleach mixtures consisting of

• a) a compound of formula (1)
  
  where n is the number 3, 4 or 5, and
• b) tetraacetylethylenediamine and / or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine. As the peracid of the formula (1), phthalimidoperoxo-caproic acid (PAP) is particularly preferred.

In a preferred embodiment, these Aktivatorgemische in the form of co-granules as a bleaching component together with a hydrogen peroxide-generating substance in washing, cleaning and disinfectants used.

Corresponding phthalimidoperoxycarboxylic acids are described, for example, in EP-A-0325 288, EP-A-0325 289 and EP-A-0349 940, tetraacetylethylenediamine in GB 907,356 and 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine in DD 229 696 and DD 259 634 described.

In bleach mixtures according to the invention is The relationship of organic peracid to N-acyl compound 95: 5 to 5:95 wt%, preferably 75:25 to 25:75 wt .-%. In a particularly preferred embodiment These mixtures are produced in granulated form. Here can the use of additives and / or coating agents of advantage be. In such granules is the proportion of bleaching agent mixtures is 5% to 98% by weight, preferably 40% to 95%, the rest is omitted on additives and / or coating agents.

In the washing, Cleaning and disinfecting agents are the bleach mixtures in combination with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxy compounds used. These are primarily all alkali metal perborates, preferably in the form of mono- or tetrahydrates and / or alkali metal percarbonates with sodium as the preferred alkali metal. The relationship bleach mixture and peroxide compound is 1: 0.5 to 1: 20 parts by weight, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 5 parts by weight.

The Bleach mixtures are used in the detergents according to the invention or, if the detergents are machine dishwashing detergents is used in concentrations of 0.1 to 5%, preferably 1 to 8%. In stain salts or disinfectants, the proportion of the bleach activator mixture but also up to 50%.

Under The term bleaching here is used to describe bleaching the textile surface Dirt as well as the bleaching of in the wash liquor Understanding, detached from the textile surface dirt understood. For the bleaching on hard surfaces located stains applies mutatis mutandis the same. Other potential Applications can be found in the personal care field, e.g. at the bleaching of hair and improve the effectiveness of denture cleaners. Furthermore, the activator mixtures according to the invention are used in commercial laundries, in the wood and paper bleach, the bleaching of cotton and in Disinfectants.

Farther The invention relates to a method for cleaning textiles as well as hard surfaces, especially dishes, using said bleach mixtures in combination with the peroxide compound in aqueous, optionally further Detergent ingredients, containing Solution, and detergents and hard surface cleaners, in particular detergents for dishes, with such for the use in mechanical processes are preferred.

The Formulation of the bleaching mixture can be done on different Because of carried out, wherein the state of aggregation of the active substance at the beginning the packaging of essential importance for the choice of process can be. The term "packaging" is above all here to understand the granulation of bleach mixture.

Bleach mixtures as a solid:

Lies the mixture as a solid before, offer different ways for assembly. Usually In these processes, one or more additives are added, may have the binder, stabilizing and / or supplementary function. The Tying material becomes common in liquid Form added, but can also be registered as a solid, in the granulator by an auxiliary liquid (usually water) activated becomes.

Build-up granulation in Mixing apparatuses:

The Mixer granulation of the components can be carried out in the usual, batchwise or continuously operating mixing devices, which are usually are equipped with rotating mixing elements done. As a mixer can moderately operating apparatus such as e.g. Ploughshare mixer (Lödige KM types, Drais K-T types) but also intensive mixers (for example Eirich, Schugi, Lödige CB types, Drais K-TT types) are used. When mixing are all mixed variants conceivable that have a sufficient mixing ensure the components. In a preferred embodiment All components are mixed simultaneously. There are, however multi-stage mixing processes conceivable in which the individual components in different combinations individually or together with others Additives are added to the overall mixture. The chronological order of slow and fast mixers can be reversed as required become. The residence times in the mixer granulation are preferred 0.5 second to 20 minutes, more preferably 2 seconds to 10 minutes.

In dependence the granulating liquid used (Solvent or melted Binder) closes at the granulation a drying (for solvent) or cooling step (for melting) to prevent sticking of the granules. The aftertreatment preferably takes place in a fluidized bed apparatus. Subsequently, will separated by sieving the coarse grain and the fine grain content. The coarse grain fraction is crushed by grinding and as is the fine grain content fed to a renewed granulation process.

Granulation with the help a plasticizer:

In a further preferred embodiment becomes the solid mixture with one or more plasticizing substances added. Other solid and liquid Additives are also possible. The plasticizing substances can liquid (Solvent or usually water) or melted. Depending on Plastification system is in the process of a particularly careful temperature control (mixture with melt) or on a precise control of the moisture balance (Mixture with solvent / water) to pay attention to an unwanted change plasticity the mixture (especially decrease by cooling, solidification or drying out) to avoid.

The liquid Plasticizer becomes intense with the powdery bleach mixture and possibly the other additives mixed, so that a plastic deformable mass arises. The mixing step may be in the o.g. mixing apparatuses kneaders or special extruder types (e.g., Extrud-o-mix the company Hosokawa-Bepex Corp.) are conceivable. The granulation mass is subsequently using tools through the nozzle holes pressed a pressing die, so that cylindrically shaped extrudates arise. Suitable apparatus for the extrusion process are ring roller presses (e.g., from Schlüter), mullets (e.g. from Amandus-Kahl) and extruders, designed as single-shaft machines (e.g. from Hosokawa-Bepex, Fuji-Paudal) or preferably as a twin-screw extruder (for example from Händle). The choice of the diameter of the nozzle bore depends on the individual case and is typically in the range of 0.7 - 4 mm.

The exiting extrudates are through a post-processing step to the desired To reduce the length or particle size. In many cases is a length / diameter ratio of L / D = 1 desired. at cylindrical Granules is the particle diameter between 0.2 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm, the particle length in the range from 0.5 mm to 3.5 mm, ideally between 0.9 mm and 2.5 mm. The lengths or size setting the granules can be obtained, for example, by fixed scraper blades, rotating cutting blades, cutting wires or blades done. To round off the cut edges, the granules can then be redone in a round-bottomed finisher (for example from Glatt, Schlüter, Fuji-Paudal) become.

In another preferred embodiment, the extrudate is only roughly chipped and the extrudate strands are transferred directly to a ripper. The further granulation (cylindrical to spherical par particles are possible) takes place in the Rondierschritt, in a preferred embodiment, the process is carried out in cascade operation. The size and shape of the particles can be influenced and brought about in the Rondierverfahren by several parameters. The forming process is determined by the filling quantity, the temperature of the mixture, the residence time of the mixture in the Rondier, by the rotation speed of the Rondierscheibe, as well as by the plastic deformability of the mixture. With decreasing filling volume in the rounding device, shorter cylindrical granules and a narrower distribution of the particle sizes are obtained. With decreasing plasticity initially longer granules are obtained, with a further decrease in plasticity, the dust content increases sharply and targeted particle formation can not be achieved.

To the size adjustment the granules is a final one Solidification step required in which the solvent removed or the Melt is solidified. Usually this step is performed in a fluidized bed apparatus, which depending on the requirements as a dryer or cooler is operated. Subsequently, will separated by sieving the coarse grain and the fine grain content. Of the Coarse grain fraction is crushed by grinding and just like the Fine grain content fed to a renewed granulation process.

compacting

In a further preferred embodiment becomes the powdery Bleaching mixture, if appropriate with further preferably solid additives mixed and this mixture compacted, then ground and then optionally sieved into individual grain fractions. If necessary, the Also, to some extent (e.g., up to 10%), blends additional liquid additives be added. examples for Kompaktierhilfsmittel are water glass, polyethylene glycols, nonionic Surfactants, anionic surfactants, polycarboxylate copolymers, modified and / or unmodified celluloses, bentonites, hectorites, saponites and / or other detergent ingredients.

The Compaction is preferably performed on so-called roll compactors (e.g. from Hosokawa-Bepex, Alexanderwerk, Köppern). By the choice of roll profile can on the one hand lumpy pellets or briquettes and on the other hand produce slips. While the lumpy Compacts usually only still be separated from the fines, the slugs in a mill to the desired Particle size crushed become. Typically come as a mill type preferably gentle Milling machines, such as Sieve and hammer mills (for example from Hosokawa-Alpine, Hosokawa-Bepex) or roller mills (for example from Bauermeister, Bühler) for use.

From The granules thus produced are screened by the fine grain content and possibly the coarse grain fraction separated. The coarse grain fraction is again the mill supplied the fine grain content fed again to the compaction. to Classification of the granules can e.g. Screening machines from Allgaier, Sweco, Rhewum are used come.

Bleach mixture as solution or suspension:

Lies the bleach mixture in the form of a solution or suspension before, offer especially the spray drying or the fluidized bed granulation at. In the spray drying becomes common a spray powder achieved with a particle size <200 microns, with this powder subsequently processed in a further confectioning step to larger particles can be.

In a preferred embodiment becomes the liquid, containing the bleach mixture, transferred directly into a granulate in a fluidized bed granulation process. ever according to processing properties of the activator mixture or the desired Granule formulation can the spray liquid one or more additives are added, these additives both liquid as well as can be mixed. In addition to a binder function can the additives also the task of stabilization or a supplementary component to the actual active substance. Especially when mixed firmer Additives is an optimum preparation of the spray slurry for the spraying process advantageous, such. a grinding step for the comminution of solid particles, often using Zahnscheibenkolloidmühlen for Use can come. For a specific adjustment of the viscosity of the spray liquid, a dilution and / or Tempering be made.

According to another preferred embodiment, one or more additives may be separately metered into the process in solid form. The dust content of finished granules, as they are usually incurred, can be recycled as a solid in the fluidized bed. This recycling of the dust content is basically possible in all process variants for granulation. The separate solids dosage allowed For example, the targeted supply of a carrier material for receiving sticky active substances. In addition, the separate solid feed may prove to be a control tool for granule growth in the process.

The fluidized bed processes described in apparatuses, both are executed with round as well as with rectangular geometries, carried out become.

in the Trap of the most preferred peracid PAP is in the selection of a suitable granulation process the safety aspect especially to be observed. In addition to the fire-promoting Characteristics is also to consider the limited thermal stability so that processes with potentially increased energy input (mechanical, such as. Compaction and thermal, e.g. Spray drying) should be considered and evaluated separately in this respect. More advantageous On the other hand, procedures prove by the choice of process conditions and / or the auxiliaries an improved control of the energy input enable. Regarding the excipients admixtures of inert materials, such as inorganic salts (e.g., sodium sulfate) have a positive effect on phlegmatization of the peracid.

additives:

As mentioned several times, it is in many cases necessary to add one or more additives in the granulation process. In detail, you can these additives have the following function.

Solid carriers:

Suitable support materials are, for example, silicates, clays, carbonates, phosphates, sulfates and citrates. Clays are naturally occurring crystalline or amorphous silicates of aluminum, iron, magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium, for example kaolin, talc, pyrophyllite, attapulgite, sepiolite, saponites, hectorites, smectites such as montmorillonite, in particular bentonites, bauxite and zeolites. Particularly suitable are crystalline layered alkali metal silicates of the formula MM'SixO (2x-1) .yH ₂ O (M, M '= Na, K, H, x = 1.9-23, y = 0-25), preferably sodium silicates, for example, available under the trade names SKS-6 and Nabion 15 types. Also suitable are zeolites of the type A and P, and bentonites as they are under the name Laundrosil ^® DGA, Laundrosil ^® EX 0242 or Ikomont ^® CA white on the market. Phyllosilicates can also be used in acid-modified form as they are in the commercial products Tonsil ^® EX 519, Tonsil Optimum 210 FF, Tonsil Standard 310 FF and 314 FF, and Opazil ^® SO Fa. Suedchemie available.

Further suitable carrier materials are alkali phosphates, in the form of their alkaline, neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts may be present. Examples are trisodium phosphate, Tetrasodium diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate, so-called sodium hexametaphosphate, oligomeric trisodium phosphate with degrees of oligomerization of 5 to 1000, in particular 5 to 50, and mixtures of sodium and potassium salts.

useful organic carrier materials For example, they are preferably those used in the form of their sodium salts Carboxylic acids, like citric acid and nitriloacetate (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Analogous can do this also polymeric carboxylates and their salts are used. For this belong for example, the salts of homopolymeric or copolymeric polyacrylates, Polymethyacrylate and in particular copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid, preferably those of 50% to 10% maleic acid, polyaspartic acid and also polyvinylpyrrolidone and urethanes. The molecular weight of the Homopolymers are generally between 1000 and 100 000, the of the copolymers between 2000 and 200,000, preferably 50,000 to 120,000, based on the free acid. In particular, water-soluble Polyacrylates suitable, for example, with about 1% of a polyallyl ether the sucrose are crosslinked and the molecular weight above own one million. Examples are those under the name Carbopol 940 and 941 available Polymers.

Binder:

Suitable binders are cellulose and starch and their ethers or esters, for example carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose (MC) or hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and the corresponding starch derivatives, but also film-forming polymers, for example polyacrylic acids and copolymers of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid, and Salts of these polymer acids. Commercial products are, for example Sokalan ^® CP 5 or 45, Sokalan CP 12 S or 13 S. CP

When Binders and granulation aids may also be surfactants, in particular anionic and nonionic surfactants, surfactant compounds, di- and Polysaccharides, cyclodextrins, fusible polyesters, polyalkylene glycols, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene glycols, particularly preferred Polyethylene glycols with molecular weights of 1000 to 10,000, preferably 3000 to 6000, more preferably 4000, fatty acids, in particular saturated fatty acids, such as Lauric acid, myristic, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular of natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids derived mixtures, Soaps, especially saturated ones fatty acid soaps and waxes are used.

preferred anionic surfactants are alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, amine salts and Salts of aminoalcohols of the following compounds: alkyl sulphates, Alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl amide sulfates and ether sulfates, alkylaryl polyether sulfates, Monoglyceride sulfates, alkanesulfonates, α-olefinsulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, Arylsulfonates, especially cumene, xylene, toluenesulfonate alkylamide sulfonates, Alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkyl amide sulfosuccinates, Alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl polyglycerol carboxylates, alkyl phosphates, Alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl sarcosinates, alkyl polypeptides, alkyl amido coppeptides, Alkyl isethionates, alkyl taurates, alkyl polyglycol ether carboxylic acids or fatty acids, like oleic acid, ricinoleic, palmitic acid, stearic acid, Kopraölsäuresalz or hydrogenated coconut oil acid salts. The alkyl group of all these compounds normally contains 8-32, preferably 8 - 22 C-atoms.

Suitable nonionic surfactants are polyethoxylated, polypropoxylated and polyglycerinated fatty acid alkyl esters, polyethoxylated esters of fatty acids and sorbitol, polyethoxylated or polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula R ₂ -CO-N (R ₃ ) -Z, in which R ₂ CO is an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R _{3 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups, but also alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _x used where R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and G is a glycose unit having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is preferably a number between 1 and 10, more preferably x is between 1.2 and 1.4.

Acid additives:

Suitable acidic additives are sulfuric acid, sodium hydrogensulfate, phosphoric acid, sodium hydrogenphosphate, phosphonic acids and their salts, carboxylic acids or their salts, such as citric acid in anhydrous or hydrated form, glycolic acid, succinic acid, succinic anhydride, glutaric acid, glutaric anhydride, adipic acid, adipic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride or Lactic acid, but also acidic polymers. Particularly suitable acidic additives are polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid or copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid (Sokalan ^® grades).

coating:

The obtained according to the invention Granules are suitable for use in detergents and cleaners. In a particularly preferred form of use, however, they can be used per se known methods are provided with a coating shell. For this The granules are in an additional Step wrapped with a film-forming substance, reducing the product properties can be significantly influenced.

Suitable coating agents are all film-forming substances, such as waxes, silicones, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, soaps, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic and cationic polymers, and polyalkylene glycols. Preference is given to using coating substances having a melting point of 30-100 ° C. Examples for this are:
C ₈ -C ₃₁ fatty acids, for example lauric, myristic, stearic acid); C ₈ -C ₃₁ fatty alcohols; Polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of 1000 to 50000 g / mol;
Fatty alcohol polyalkoxylates with 1 to 100 moles EO; Alkanesulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, α-olefinsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates with C ₈ -C ₃₁ -hydrocarbon radicals, polymers, for example polyvinyl alcohols, waxes, for example montan waxes, paraffin waxes, ester waxes, polyolefin waxes, silicones.

In the coating substance which softens or melts in the range from 30 to 100.degree. C., further substances which do not soften or melt in this area can be present in dissolved or suspended form, for example homo-, cobalt- or graft copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acid ren and / or sulfonic acids and their alkali metal salts, cellulose ethers, starch, starch ethers, polyvinylpyrrolidone; mono- and polybasic carboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids or ether carboxylic acids having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and salts thereof; Silicates, carbonates, bicarbonates, sulfates, phosphates, phosphonates.

ever according to the desired Properties of the coated granulate may be the content of encasing substance 1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 15 wt .-% based on the coated Granules amount.

To the Application of the coating substances can Mixer (mechanically induced fluidized bed) and fluidized bed apparatus (pneumatically induced fluidized bed) can be used. As a mixer are e.g. Ploughshare mixer (continuous and batchwise), ring layer mixer or Schugi mixers possible. The tempering can be done using a mixer in a granule preheater and / or in the mixer directly and / or in a mixer downstream fluidized bed respectively. For cooling of the coated granules can Pellet cooler or fluidized bed cooler used become. In the case of fluidized bed apparatuses, the heat treatment takes place via the hot gas used for fluidization. The granulate coated by the fluidized bed process can be similar to in the mixing process over a granulated cooler or a fluid bed cooler. Both in the mixing process and in the fluidized bed process can the coating substance over a single-substance or a two-substance nozzle device are sprayed on. The optional tempering consists in a heat treatment at a temperature from 30 to 100 ° C, however, equal to or below the melting or softening temperature the respective shell substance. Preference is given to working at a temperature just below the melting or softening temperature is.

The bleach mixtures according to the invention can be used in detergents, cleaners and disinfectants together with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxy compounds. Essential components of such detergents, cleaners and disinfectants should be listed below.

Surface-active substances

Anionic surfactants

The Detergents and cleaners can contain one or more surfactants, in particular anionic Surfactants, nonionic surfactants and their mixtures, but also cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants come into question. such Surfactants are in detergents according to the invention in proportions of preferably 1 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 3 wt% to 30 wt%, whereas in cleaners for hard surfaces normally lower levels, that is amounts up to 20% by weight, in particular up to 10% by weight and preferably in the range of 0.5 Wt .-% to 5 wt .-% are included. In cleaning agents for use in automatic dishwashing Normally low-foam connections are used.

Suitable anionic surfactants are in particular soaps and those which contain sulfate or sulfonate groups. As surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C ₉ -C ₁₃ alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, that is mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, such as those of monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation obtained. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. Also suitable are the esters of alpha-sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the alpha-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids obtained by sulfonating the methyl esters of fatty acids of vegetable and / or animal origin having 8 to 20 carbon atoms be prepared in the fatty acid molecule and subsequent neutralization to water-soluble mono-salts.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters, which are mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof. Examples of alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and, in particular, the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₈ -C ₂₀ -oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, straight-chain alkyl radical produced on a petrochemical basis. Also 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which, for example, according to the US patents US 3,234,158 and US 5 075 041 are prepared, are suitable anionic surfactants. Also suitable are the sulfuric acid monoesters of the straight-chain or branched alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methylver branched C ₉ -C ₁₁ alcohols with an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) or C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO.

The preferred anionic surfactants also include the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters, and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C ₈ to C ₁₈ fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these. Suitable further anionic surfactants are fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, for example N-methyltaurine (Tauride) and / or N-methylglycine (sarcosinate). As further anionic surfactants are in particular soaps, for example in amounts of 0.2 to 5 wt .-%, into consideration. Particularly suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.

The including anionic surfactants the soaps, can in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, especially in the form of the sodium salts. anionic Surfactants are in detergents according to the invention preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 10 wt .-% and in particular in Amounts of 5 to 25 wt .-% included.

Nonionic surfactants

The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position , or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for. From coconut, palm, tallow fat or oleyl alcohol, and on average from 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C ₉ -C ₁₁ -alcohols with 7 EO, C ₁₃ -C ₁₅ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alcohol with 3 EO and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alcohol with 7 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include (tallow) fatty alcohols with 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

The nonionic surfactants also include alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _x in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and 6 represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is an arbitrary number - which, as a variable to be determined analytically, may also assume fractional values - between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4. Also suitable are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I) in which R ^{1 is} CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{2 is} hydrogen; an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical. having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] represents a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.

The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are preferably derived from reducing sugars having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose. The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II) for a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R4 for a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene radical or an arylene radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ⁵ for a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred, and [Z] a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain has at least two Is substituted hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this group. [Z] is also here preferably by reductive amination of a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, Lac toose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-allyloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.

A another class of preferred nonionic surfactants, the either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, in particular together with alkoxylated Fatty alcohols and / or alkyl glycosides used alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl ester, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular Fatty acid methyl ester.

Also nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide. and the fatty acid alkanolamide can be suitable.

When other surfactants are so-called gemini surfactants into consideration. this includes In general, such compounds are understood as meaning the two hydrophilic ones Groups per molecule have. These groups are usually separated by a so-called "spacer". This spacer is usually a carbon chain that is long enough should be that the hydrophilic groups have a sufficient distance have to be independent can act from each other. Such surfactants are generally characterized by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and surface tension ability to greatly reduce the water out. But can be used also gemini polyhydroxy fatty acid amides or poly-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, as described in international patent applications WO 95/19953, WO 95/19954 and WO 95/19955. Other surfactant types can dendrimer Have structures.

BUILDER

Inorganic builders

One Detergent according to the invention contains preferably at least one water-soluble and / or water-insoluble, organic and / or inorganic builder.

Suitable water-soluble inorganic builder materials are, in particular, alkali metal silicates and polymeric alkali metal phosphates which may be present in the form of their alkaline, neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts. Examples of these are trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate, so-called sodium hexametaphosphate and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures of sodium and potassium salts. As water-insoluble, water-dispersible inorganic builder materials are in particular crystalline or amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicates, in amounts of up to 50 wt .-%. Among these, preferred are the detergent grade crystalline sodium aluminosilicates, particularly zeolite A, P and optionally X, alone or in mixtures, for example in the form of a cocrystal of zeolites A and X. Their calcium binding capacity is generally in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO per gram. Suitable builder substances are also crystalline alkali metal silicates, which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates. The alkali metal silicates useful as builders preferably have a molar ratio of alkali metal oxide to SiO ₂ below 0.95, in particular from 1: 1.1 to 1:12, and may be present in amorphous or crystalline form. Preferred alkali metal silicates are the sodium silicates, in particular the amorphous sodium silicates with a molar ratio of Na 2 O: SiO 2, of 1: 2 to 1: 2.8. The crystalline silicates which may be present alone or in admixture with amorphous silicates, are crystalline layer silicates with the general formula Na ₂ Si are used _x O _{2x + 1} · yH ₂ O, in which x, the so-called module, a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4. Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates are those in which x in the abovementioned general formula assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and β-sodium disilicate (Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O) are preferred. Also prepared from amorphous silicates, practically anhydrous crystalline alkali metal silicates of the abovementioned general formula in which x is a number from 1.9 to 2.1, can be used. In a further preferred embodiment of such agents, a crystalline layered sodium silicate with a modulus of 2 to 3 is used, as can be prepared from sand and soda. Crystalline sodium silicates with a modulus in the range from 1.9 to 3.5 are used in a further preferred embodiment of compositions according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment of inventive compositions, a granular compound of alkali metal silicate and alkali, such as is available under your name Nabion ^® commercially, for example. If alkali metal aluminosilicate, in particular zeolite, is also present as an additional builder substance, the weight ratio of aluminosilicate to silicate, based in each case on anhydrous active substances, is preferably 1:10 to 10: 1. In compositions which contain both amorphous and crystalline alkali metal silicates the weight ratio of amorphous alkali metal silicate to crystalline alkali metal silicate preferably 1: 2 to 2: 1 and especially 1: 1 to 2: 1.

such Builders are preferably in agents according to the invention in Amounts up to 60% by weight, in particular from 5% by weight to 40% by weight, contain.

Organic Builder

To the water-soluble Organic builders include polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and sugar acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, in particular methylglycinediacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic as well as polyaspartic acid.

Polyphosphonic acids, especially aminotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid) and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid can also be used. Preference is also given to polymeric (poly) carboxylic acids, in particular the polycarboxylates obtainable by oxidation of polysaccharides or dextrins, polymeric acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, maleic acids and copolymers thereof, which may also contain polymerized small amounts of polymerizable substances without carboxylic acid functionality. The molecular weight of the homopolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids is generally between 5000 and 200,000, that of the copolymers between 2000 and 200,000, preferably 50,000 to 120,000, in each case based on the free acid. A particularly preferred acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer has a molecular weight of 50,000 to 100,000. Commercial products are, for example Sokalan ^® CP 5, CP 10 and PA 30 from BASF. Also suitable are copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinylmethyl ethers, vinyl esters, ethylene, propylene and styrene, in which the proportion of acid is at least 50% by weight. It is also possible to use terpolymers which contain two unsaturated acids and / or salts thereof as monomers and also vinyl alcohol and / or an esterified vinyl alcohol or a carbohydrate as the third monomer as water-soluble organic builder substances. The first acidic monomer or its salt is derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated C ₃ -C ₈ -carboxylic acid and preferably from a C ₃ -C ₄ -monocarboxylic acid, in particular from (meth) -acrylic acid.

The second acidic monomer or its salt may be a derivative of a C ₄ -C ₈ -dicarboxylic acid, with maleic acid being particularly preferred, and / or a derivative of an allylsulfonic acid which is substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl or aryl radical. Such polymers generally have a molecular weight between 1000 and 200,000. Further preferred copolymers are those which preferably have as monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or vinyl acetate.

The organic builder substances can, in particular for the production of liquid Means, in the form of watery Solutions, preferably in the form of 30 to 50 weight percent aqueous solutions be used. All the acids mentioned are usually in Form their water-soluble Salts, in particular their alkali metal salts used.

such organic builders can if desired in amounts up to 40 wt .-%, in particular up to 25 wt .-% and preferably be contained from 1 to 8 wt .-%. Quantities close to the mentioned upper limit are preferably in pasty or liquid, especially water-containing agents used.

When water-soluble Builder components in detergents according to the invention for hard surfaces In principle all come in means for machine cleaning of dishes usually used builders, for example the abovementioned alkali metal phosphates. Your quantities can in the range of up to about 60% by weight, in particular 5 to 20% by weight, based on the total mean. Other possible water-soluble builder components are in addition to polyphosphonates and Phosphonatalkylcarboxylaten for example organic polymers of native or synthetic origin from above listed Type of polycarboxylates, especially in hard water regions act as a co-builder, and of course occurring hydroxycarboxylic acids such as mono-, dihydroxysuccinic acid, alpha-hydroxypropionic acid and gluconic acid. To the preferred organic builder components include Salts of citric acid, especially sodium citrate. As sodium citrate come anhydrous Triatrium citrate and preferably trisodium citrate dihydrate. Trisodium citrate dihydrate can be used as a fine or coarse crystalline powder be used. Dependent on ultimately adjusted in the detergents of the invention pH can also the acids corresponding to the said co-builder salts are present.

enzymes

Among the optionally present in the inventive compositions enzymes include proteases, amylases, pullulanases, cellulases, cutinases and / or lipases, for example proteases such as BLAP ^®, Optimase ^®, Opticlean ^®, Maxacal ^®, Maxapem ^®, Durazym ^®, Purafect ^® OxP, Esperase ^® and / or Savinase ^®, amylases as Termamy ^®, amylase LT, Maxamyl ^®, Duramyl ^®, Purafectel OxAm, cellulases like Celluzyme ^®, Carezyme ^®, K-AC ^® and / or lipases such as Lipolase ^®, Lipomax ^®, Lumafast ^® and / or Lipozym ^®. The enzymes used may be adsorbed to carriers and / or embedded in encapsulants to protect against premature inactivation. They are preferably present in detergents and cleaners according to the invention in amounts of up to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.05 to 5% by weight, enzymes which are particularly preferably stabilized against oxidative degradation being used.

Machine dishwashing detergents according to the invention preferably comprise the customary alkali carriers, for example alkali metal silicates, alkali metal carbonates and / or alkali hydrogen carbonates. The alkali carriers used conventionally include carbonates, bicarbonates and alkali silicates having a molar ratio of SiO ₂ / M ₂ O (M = alkali metal) of from 1: 1 to 2.5: 1. Alkali silicates may be present in amounts of up to 40% by weight. in particular from 3 to 30% by weight, based on the total agent. The alkali carrier system preferably used in cleaning agents according to the invention is a mixture of carbonate and bicarbonate, preferably sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, which may be present in an amount of up to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 40% by weight.

In a further embodiment inventive agent for the automatic cleaning of dishes are 20 to 60 wt .-% water-soluble organic builder, especially alkali citrate, 3 to 20 wt .-% alkali carbonate and 3 to 40 wt .-% Alkalidisilikat included.

Around can cause silver corrosion protection, in cleaning agents according to the invention for dishes Silver corrosion inhibitors are used. Preferred silver corrosion inhibitors are organic sulfides such as cystine and cysteine, di- or trivalent Phenols, optionally alkyl- or aryl-substituted triazoles such Benzotriazole, isocyanuric acid, Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, molybdenum, vanadium or cerium salts and / or complexes, as well as salts and / or complexes of those suitable for use in the invention Complex containing metals with other than in formula (I) given Ligands.

Provided If the agents foam too much during use, they can still give them up to 6% by weight, preferably about 0.5 to 4% by weight of a foam-regulating compound, preferably from the group comprising silicones, paraffins, paraffin-alcohol combinations, hydrophobized silicic acids, Bisfettsäureamide as well their mixtures and other other known commercially available Foam inhibitors are added. Preferably, the foam inhibitors, in particular silicone and / or paraffinic foam inhibitors, on a granular, in water soluble or dispersible carrier substance bound. Especially are mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamide prefers. Further optional ingredients in the compositions according to the invention are for example perfume oils.

To in the compositions according to the invention, especially when in liquid or pastier Form, usable organic solvents include alcohols with 1 to 4 C-atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols having 2 to 4 C atoms, in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, as well as mixtures thereof and those mentioned Classes of derivable ether. Such water-miscible solvent are in the cleaning agents according to the invention preferably not over 20 wt .-%, in particular from 1 to 15 wt .-%, present.

to Setting a desired, through the mixture of the rest Non-self-inflicting pH components can be used agents according to the invention System and environmentally compatible acids, in particular citric acid, Acetic acid, Tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or adipic acid, but also mineral acids, especially sulfuric acid or alkali hydrogen sulfates, or bases, in particular ammonium or Alkali hydroxides, such pH regulators are in the agents according to the invention preferably not over 10 wt .-%, in particular from 0.5 wt .-% to 6 wt .-%, contain.

The compositions according to the invention are preferably in the form of pulverulent, granular or tablet-like preparations which are prepared in a manner known per se, for example by mixing, granulating, roller compacting and / or spray-drying the thermally stable components and admixing the more sensitive components, in particular enzymes, bleaches and to calculate the bleach catalyst are, can be produced. Solutions according to the invention in the form of aqueous or other conventional solvent-containing solutions are particularly advantageously prepared by simply mixing the ingredients, which can be added in bulk or as a solution in an automatic mixer.

For the production of particulate agents having an increased bulk density, in particular in the range of 650 g / l to 950 g / l, is one of the European patent specification EP 0 486 592 known method comprising an extrusion step is preferred. Another preferred preparation by means of a granulation process is in the European patent specification EP 0 642 576 described. The preparation of compositions according to the invention in the form of non-dusting, storage-stable free-flowing powders and / or granules with high bulk densities in the range from 800 to 1000 g / l can also be achieved by using the builder components with at least a proportion of liquid mixture components in a first process stage while increasing the bulk density of this premix and subsequently - if desired after an intermediate drying - the other constituents of the agent, including the bleach catalyst, combined with the thus obtained premix.

For the preparation of compositions according to the invention in tablet form, the procedure is preferably such that all ingredients are mixed together in a mixer and the mixture by means of conventional tablet presses, such as Exzeriterpressor or rotary presses, with pressing pressures in the range of 200 · 10 ⁵ Pa to 1500 · 10 ⁵ Pa pressed. This gives unbreakable, yet sufficiently rapidly soluble tablets under application conditions with flexural strengths of normally over 150 N. So preferably, a tablet produced in this way has a weight of 1-5 g to 40 g, in particular from 20 g to 30 g; at a diameter of 3-5 mm to 40 mm.

example 1

Bleaching performance of phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) in combination with tetaacetylethylenediamine (TAED)

(Alle % Angaben hier und in den folgenden Beispielen als Gew.-%)The bleaching performance of the individual activators and of the mixtures according to the invention was investigated in a Linitest apparatus (Fa. Out) at 20.degree. For this purpose, 5 g / l of a bleach-free basic detergent (WMP, WFK, Krefeld) and 0.7 g / l of sodium percarbonate (Degussa) were dissolved in water of hardness grade 3. Then activator, peracid or their mixture were added. The washing time was 30 min. Curry, grass, tea and tomato on cotton (BC-4, CS-8, BC-1 and CS-20, WFK, Krefeld) served as bleaching test cloth. As a bleaching result, the remission difference, measured with an Elrepho machine, after washing compared to unwashed one.

(All% data here and in the following examples as wt%)

you recognizes that the mixture according to the invention achieved a better bleaching effect than the individual activators alone.

in the Substantially the same results were obtained when taking the sodium percarbonate replaced by sodium perborate monohydrate.

Example 2

Bleaching performance of phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) in combination with tetaacetylethylenediamine (TAED)

The bleaching performance of the individual activators and of the mixtures according to the invention was investigated in a Linitest apparatus (Fa. Out) at 40.degree. For this purpose, 5 g / l of a bleach-free basic detergent (WMP, WFK, Krefeld) and 0.7 g / l of sodium percarbonate (Degussa) were dissolved in water of hardness grade 3. Then activator, peracid or their mixture were added. The washing time was 30 min. Curry, grass, tea and tomato on cotton (BC-4, CS-8, BC-1 and CS-20, WFK, Krefeld) served as bleaching test cloth. As a bleaching result, the remission difference, measured with an Elrepho machine, after washing compared to unwashed one.

you recognizes that the mixture according to the invention achieved a better bleaching effect than the individual activators alone.

in the Substantially the same results were obtained when taking the sodium percarbonate replaced by sodium perborate monohydrate.

Example 3

Bleaching performance of phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) in combination with tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the washing machine

The Attempts were made in a Miele Novotronic W927 in a short cycle at 40 ° C carried out. For this purpose, 72 g of basic detergent (WMP, WFK, Krefeld) were used per wash. 12 g of percarbonate (Degussa) and 5 g of TAED or 2.5 g or a mixture used from 2.5 g TAED and 1.25 g PAP. Used as a test stain a multi-stain swatch (EMPA). As the bleaching result, the remission difference was measured with an Elrepho device, after the wash compared to the unwashed test soil.

you recognizes that the mixture according to the invention achieve a significantly better bleaching effect than the individual Bleaching systems alone.

Example 4:

manufacturing a co-granulate of TAED and PAP

in the first step, 250 g of a 45% aqueous Sokalan CP45 solution (commercial product BASF AG) at room temperature with about 312 g of water and mixed to 20 % Polymer content diluted. Subsequently were gradually added 138.3 g of TAED powder added (without pre-crushing) and the resulting suspension for about. Treated with the Ultra-Turrax for 10 min to add the TAED crystals mince. The suspension thus prepared had something increased viscosity and had to be constantly stirred to avoid sedimentation.

2) fluidized bed granulation:

For laboratory experiments came a batch-working laboratory fluidized bed of the type GPCG 1.1, the company Glatt with a flow diameter of D = 150 mm used, with the spray nozzle from above sprayed on the fluidized bed.

The PAP amount of 138.3 g and TAED amount of 138.3 g required for completing the formulation was initially charged together with 178.5 g of sodium sulfate (anhydrous grade) in the laboratory fluidized bed. The material was fluidized with a gas volume flow of about 22 - 31 m ³ / h, the gas inlet temperature was about 60 - 65 ° C. Over a period of about 45 minutes, 588 g of the spray slurry were sprayed into the fluidized bed. In this case, a temperature in the fluidized bed of about 45 - 53 ° C was established. After a drying time of about 10 minutes, the removed product was fractionated on a laboratory sieve (type Retsch AS 200 control) in order to separate out fine particles <200 μm and coarse particles> 1400 μm from the target product. The finished granules were present with a composition of about 39.3% TAED, about 19.7% PAP, about 25% Na sulfate and about 16% polymer binder.

Claims (7)

Bleaching agent mixtures consisting of a) a compound of the formula (1)

wherein n is the number 3, 4 or 5, and b) tetraacetylethylenediamine and / or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine. Bleaching compositions according to claim 1 consisting from 5 to 95% by weight of the compound of the formula 1 and from 95 to 5% by weight Tetraacetylethylenediamine and / or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine. Bleaching compositions according to claim 1 consisting from 25 to 75 wt .-% of the compound of formula 1 and 75 to 25 wt .-% Tetraacetylethylenediamine and / or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine. Bleaching compositions according to claim 1 consisting from 60 to 40% by weight of the compound of the formula 1 and from 40 to 60% by weight Tetraacetylethylenediamine and / or 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine. Bleaching compositions according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that they are in ready-made form. Bleaching compositions according to claim 1, characterized that they additionally Additives, granulating agents and / or coating agents. Detergents, cleaners and disinfectants, containing a bleach mixture according to claim 1 and hydrogen peroxide or an inorganic Peroxy compound.