DE102004033816B3 - Electro filter for cleaning dust particles and droplets from a gas stream has electrically inactive inner region for ionizing electrodes and precipitating electrodes - Google Patents
Electro filter for cleaning dust particles and droplets from a gas stream has electrically inactive inner region for ionizing electrodes and precipitating electrodes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102004033816B3 DE102004033816B3 DE200410033816 DE102004033816A DE102004033816B3 DE 102004033816 B3 DE102004033816 B3 DE 102004033816B3 DE 200410033816 DE200410033816 DE 200410033816 DE 102004033816 A DE102004033816 A DE 102004033816A DE 102004033816 B3 DE102004033816 B3 DE 102004033816B3
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- Germany
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- electrodes
- spray
- distance
- electrode
- gas stream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001983 electron spin resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/86—Electrode-carrying means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/08—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/10—Ionising electrode with two or more serrated ends or sides
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Elektrofilter mit einem inneren, elektrisch inaktiven Bereich für Sprühelektroden.The The invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator with an internal, electrical inactive area for spray electrodes.
Die Erfindung die überall dort anwendbar, wo in Elektrofiltern Sprüh- und Niederschlagselektroden eingesetzt werden und eine große Gassenweite angestrebt wird. In einem Elektrofilter stehen sich Sprühelektrode und Niederschlagselektrode in einem typischen Abstand gegenüber. Zwischen diesen Elektroden wird ein elektrisches Feld aufgebaut, in dem elektrisch geladene Partikel unter der Wirkung des elektrischen Feldes zur Niederschlagselektrode driften.The Invention everywhere applicable where used in electrostatic precipitators spray and precipitation electrodes be and a big one Aisle width is sought. In an electrostatic precipitator are spray electrode and precipitating electrode at a typical distance. Between These electrodes is an electric field is built in the electric charged particles under the action of the electric field for Drift precipitation electrode.
In den Anfängen des Elektrofilterbaus betrug der Abstand zwischen den Elektroden etwa 100 mm. Bei einem Röhrenfilter, bei dem die staubbeladenen Gase von unten nach oben eine Filterröhre durchströmen, führt dieser Abstand zu einem Röhrendurchmesser von 200 mm. Entsprechend beträgt der Abstand der flächigen Niederschlags-Elektroden bei einem horizontal durchströmten Elektrofilter 200 mm. Den Raum zwischen den Niederschlagselektroden bezeichnet man als „Gasse".In the beginnings of electrostatic filter construction was the distance between the electrodes about 100 mm. In a tube filter, in which the dust-laden gases flow from bottom to top through a filter tube, this leads Distance to a tube diameter of 200 mm. Correspondingly the distance of the plane Precipitation electrodes in a horizontally flowed through electrostatic precipitator 200 mm. The space between the collecting electrodes is called one as an "alley".
Der Einfluß der Gassenweite auf die Abscheideleistung war vor allem Ende der 70er Anfang der 80er Jahre Schwerpunkt der Forschung. Beispielhaft seien als Literatur ausgeführt die Veröffentlichungen „Wiggers, H.; E. Weber: Experiments with Wide Ducts in Electrostatic Precipitators. Symposium on the Transfer and Utilization of Particulate Control Technology (4th), Houston, October 1982, Vol. 2, Electrostatic Precipitation, pp. 111 – 125" und Wheeler, H. L., et. al.: An Investigationof Precipitator Wide Plate Spacing. EPRI GS-6711, Project 1835-5, Final Report February 1990". Als Ergebnis dieser Untersuchungen läßt sich zusammenfassen:
- • Bis zu einer Gassenweite von etwa 500 mm verändert sich der Abscheidegrad eines Elektrofilters kaum, wenn die Spannung zwischen Sprüh- und Niederschlagselektrode proportional mit dem Abstand erhöht wird; unter diesen Randbedingungen bleibt der von der Sprühelektrode emittierte Elektronenstrom ungefähr gleich;
- • wird ein Elektrofilter größerer Gassenweite mit einer höheren Spannung betrieben, bleibt der Einsatz an elektrischer Leistung für den gleichen Abscheidegrad unverändert. Ein Elektrofilter mit größerem Gassenabstand erreicht bei gleicher Leistung, aber einer geringeren Anzahl an Sprüh- und Niederschlagselektroden praktisch den gleichen Abscheidegrad wie ein Elektrofilter mit geringerer Gassenweite;
- • der Einsatz einer großen Gassenweite wird durch die Wirkung der Raumladung, die mit größerer Gassenweite zunehmend den Abscheidevorgang behindert, begrenzt. Außerdem beeinflußt die erforderliche höhere Spannung auch das bauliche Gesamtkonzept des Elektrofilters nachteilig, da die Abstände zwischen den elektrischen Potentialen auch in anderen Bereichen außerhalb der Gassen größer eingestellt werden müssen.
- • Up to a gate width of about 500 mm, the separation efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator hardly changes if the voltage between the spray and the precipitation electrode is increased proportionally with the distance; under these boundary conditions, the electron current emitted by the spray electrode remains approximately equal;
- • If an electric filter with a larger gap is operated at a higher voltage, the use of electrical power remains unchanged for the same degree of separation. An electrostatic filter with a larger gap distance achieved with the same power, but a smaller number of spray and precipitation electrodes practically the same degree of separation as an electrostatic filter with a smaller gap;
- • the use of a large lane width is limited by the effect of the space charge, which increasingly obstructs the separation process with greater lane width. In addition, the required higher voltage also adversely affects the overall design of the electrostatic precipitator, since the distances between the electrical potentials must be set larger in other areas outside the lanes.
In
der veröffentlichten
Patentliteratur wird auf Nebeneffekte der größeren Gassenweite eingegangen.
In dem Verfahren nach
In
Der grundsätzliche Aufbau eines Elektrofilters mit einer geometrisch zugeschärften Sprühelektrode und einer flächigen Niederschlagselektrode führt stets dazu, daß ein Gasionenstrom erzeugt wird, der als „elektrischer Wind" von der Sprühelektrode zur Niederschlagselektrode getrieben wird.Of the fundamental Construction of an electrostatic filter with a geometrically sharpened spray electrode and a plane Precipitation electrode leads always to that one Gas ion current is generated, called "electric wind" from the spray electrode is driven to the collecting electrode.
Da die Gasionen an der Niederschlagselektrode lediglich ihre Ladungen abgeben können, die über die geerdete Niederschlagselektrode aus dem System abgeleitet werden, bleiben die Gasmoleküle im Raum zwischen den Elektroden zurück. Die Kontinuität der Strömung verlangt es, daß die Gasmoleküle in einer Art Wirbelströmung wieder zur Sprühelektrode zurückfließen, wie dem Standardwerk „Parker, K. R. (Ed.): Applied Electrostatic Precipitation, (Publisher: Blackie Academic & Professional), London: Chapman & Hall, 1996" und der Veröffentlichung „Lowke, J. J. et al.: The Role of Corona Wind in Electrostatic Precipitation Proceedings, ICEPS VII; Sept. 20 – 25, 1998, Kyongju, Korea" zu entnehmen ist. There the gas ions at the collecting electrode only their charges can deliver the above the grounded precipitation electrode is derived from the system, the gas molecules remain in the Space between the electrodes back. The continuity the flow it demands that the gas molecules in a kind of vortex flow back to the spray electrode flow back, like the standard work "Parker, K.R. (Ed.): Applied Electrostatic Precipitation, (Publisher: Blackie Academic & Professional), London: Chapman & Hall, 1996 "and the publication" Lowke, J.J. et al .: The Role of Corona Wind in Electrostatic Precipitation Proceedings, ICEPS VII; Sept. 20-25, 1998, Kyongju, Korea ".
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Elektrofilter der genannten Art zu entwickeln, bei dem große Gassenweiten einsetzbar sind, ohne daß die Spannung proportional steigt und die Raumladeempfindlichkeit zunimmt.task the invention is to develop an electrostatic precipitator of the type mentioned, at the big lanes can be used without the Voltage increases proportionally and the space charge sensitivity increases.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Elektrofilter nach den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches gelöst.These Task is performed by an electrostatic filter according to the characteristics of the first Claim solved.
Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wieder.Subordinate claims advantageous embodiments of the invention again.
Die nachfolgend beschriebene Konstruktion der Sprühelektrode nutzt das Phänomen des elektrischen Windes, um die Partikel aus dem teilweise quasi feldfreien Gasraum an die Niederschlagselektrode zu transportieren. Deswegen sieht die erfindungsgemäße Lösung vor, statt bisher eines Sprühdrahtes jetzt einen oder mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei gespannte Sprühdrähte mit einem Abstand b einzusetzen.The The design of the spray electrode described below exploits the phenomenon of electric wind to the particles from the partially virtually field-free Gas space to the collecting electrode to transport. therefore provides the solution according to the invention, instead of a spray wire so far now one or more, preferably two tensioned spray wires with to insert a distance b.
Besondere Formen der Sprühelektrode, die die Breite dieses Bereiches b aufweisen, sind denkbar, beispielsweise stacheldrahtförmige Sprühelektroden oder Sprühelektroden, wie sie im Anspruch 4 genannt sind.Special Forms the spray electrode, which have the width of this area b, are conceivable, for example barbed-shaped discharge electrodes or spray electrodes, as mentioned in claim 4.
Bei herkömmlichen Elektrofiltern ist die Sprühelektrode auf die Mittellinie konzentriert, so daß sich praktisch ein Elektrodenabstand a entsprechend der halben Gassenweite ausbildet. In verschiedenen Konstruktionen werden die Spitzen der Sprühelektroden aufgespreizt, damit die Sprühspitzen in Richtung der gegenüberliegenden Niederschlagselektroden zeigen.at usual Electrostatic precipitators is the spray electrode concentrated on the center line, so that practically an electrode gap a forms according to half the width of the lane. In different constructions become the tips of the discharge electrodes spread, so that the spray tips towards the opposite Show precipitation electrodes.
Die Erfindung sieht darüber hinaus bewußt einen Abstand b, vorzugsweise b > 50 mm innerhalb der Sprühelektroden vor, so daß die Sprühspitzen auf einen verkürzten Abstand a' an die Niederschlagselektroden heranrücken. Analog zu den beschriebenen Gesetzmäßigkeiten erlaubt der geringere Abstand zwischen den Elektroden nur eine geringere Spannung; der von der Sprühelektrode emittierte Elektronenstrom bleibt aber gleich. Der Raum innerhalb der Sprühelektrode ist tendenziell elektrisch feldfrei. Die Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Sprühelektrode führt dazu, daß eine große Gassenweite eingesetzt werden kann, ohne daß die Spannung proportional steigt und die Raumladungsempfindlichkeit zunimmt. Bei gleicher Abscheideleistung geht außerdem die erforderliche elektrische Leistung zurück.The Invention sees about it consciously one Distance b, preferably b> 50 mm within the spray electrodes before, so that the spray tips on a shortened Distance a 'to the Advance precipitation electrodes. Analogous to the described laws allows the lower Distance between the electrodes only a lower voltage; of the from the spray electrode emitted electron current remains the same. The space inside the spray electrode is tending to be electric field-free. The embodiment of the spray electrode according to the invention leads to, that one size Can be used width without the voltage proportional increases and the space charge sensitivity increases. At the same Separation efficiency goes as well the required electrical power back.
Wie im konventionellen Filter, ist jede Sprühspitze auch Ausgangspunkt für den elektrischen Wind. Von hier aus werden Gasionen in Richtung Niederschlagselektroden beschleunigt und erzeugen eine Saugwirkung, die Gasmoleküle aus der Mitte der Gasse nachzieht. Auch Partikel, die sich in dem Raum zwischen den Sprühspitzen befinden, werden von diesem Sog erfaßt und in den Bereich des elektrischen Feldes transportiert. Hier unterliegen sie den bekannten Prozessen von elektrischer Beladung und Drift zur Niederschlagselektrode.As in the conventional filter, each spray tip is also the starting point for the electric wind. From here gas ions are directed towards collecting electrodes accelerates and generates a suction effect, the gas molecules from the Follow the middle of the alley. Also particles that are in the space between the spray tips are caught by this suction and in the field of electrical Fields transported. Here they are subject to the known processes from electrical loading and drift to the collecting electrode.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel mit drei Figuren näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen:in the The following is the invention of an embodiment with three figures explained in more detail. The Figures show:
In
Die
Die
- 11
- Niederschlagselektrode, SammelelektrodeCollecting electrode, collecting electrode
- 22
- Sprühelektrodespray electrode
- 33
- Mittelliniecenter line
- 44
- zu reinigender Gasstrom (Rohgasstrom)to cleansing gas stream (raw gas stream)
- 55
- ReingasstromClean gas flow
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200410033816 DE102004033816B3 (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2004-07-12 | Electro filter for cleaning dust particles and droplets from a gas stream has electrically inactive inner region for ionizing electrodes and precipitating electrodes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200410033816 DE102004033816B3 (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2004-07-12 | Electro filter for cleaning dust particles and droplets from a gas stream has electrically inactive inner region for ionizing electrodes and precipitating electrodes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102004033816B3 true DE102004033816B3 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
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DE200410033816 Expired - Lifetime DE102004033816B3 (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2004-07-12 | Electro filter for cleaning dust particles and droplets from a gas stream has electrically inactive inner region for ionizing electrodes and precipitating electrodes |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL2012051C2 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-07 | Antea Nederland B V | ELECTROSTATIC FILTER FOR GAS REMOVAL. |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0424335A2 (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-24 | Ion Blast Oy | Method and apparatus for the purification of air, flue gases or the like |
DE10163855A1 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2003-07-03 | Helmut Wiggers | Process, for removing particles, e.g. dust, from gases comprises returning partial gas streams at electrofilter inlet to crude gas on inlet side in recirculation process |
DE10245902A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-08 | Hamon Rothemühle Cottrell GmbH | Electrostatic filter and method for separating particles from a gas |
-
2004
- 2004-07-12 DE DE200410033816 patent/DE102004033816B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0424335A2 (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-24 | Ion Blast Oy | Method and apparatus for the purification of air, flue gases or the like |
DE10163855A1 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2003-07-03 | Helmut Wiggers | Process, for removing particles, e.g. dust, from gases comprises returning partial gas streams at electrofilter inlet to crude gas on inlet side in recirculation process |
DE10245902A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-08 | Hamon Rothemühle Cottrell GmbH | Electrostatic filter and method for separating particles from a gas |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL2012051C2 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-07 | Antea Nederland B V | ELECTROSTATIC FILTER FOR GAS REMOVAL. |
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Legal Events
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8100 | Publication of patent without earlier publication of application | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: STEINMUELLER BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: FISIA BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, 51643 GUMMERSBACH, DE Owner name: NIPPON STEEL & SUMIKIN ENGINEERING CO., LTD., JP Free format text: FORMER OWNER: FISIA BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, 51643 GUMMERSBACH, DE |
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R082 | Change of representative |
Representative=s name: LUEDTKE, FRANK, DIPL.-ING., DE |
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R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: HITACHI ZOSEN INOVA STEINMUELLER GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: STEINMUELLER BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, 51643 GUMMERSBACH, DE Owner name: NIPPON STEEL & SUMIKIN ENGINEERING CO., LTD., JP Free format text: FORMER OWNER: STEINMUELLER BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, 51643 GUMMERSBACH, DE Owner name: STEINMUELLER BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: STEINMUELLER BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, 51643 GUMMERSBACH, DE |
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R082 | Change of representative |
Representative=s name: LUEDTKE, FRANK, DIPL.-ING., DE |
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R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: HITACHI ZOSEN INOVA STEINMUELLER GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNERS: NIPPON STEEL & SUMIKIN ENGINEERING CO., LTD., TOKYO, JP; STEINMUELLER BABCOCK ENVIRONMENT GMBH, 51643 GUMMERSBACH, DE |
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R071 | Expiry of right |