DE102004033301A1 - Composite material and process for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite material obtained by permanently bonding a laminating material based on a HPL or CPL-type laminate on one or both sides to a mineral glass plate by means of a polymeric adhesive.

Description

The The invention relates to a composite material made of a laminate material and a glass material.

Resin bonded Laminates, so-called HPL laminates (HPL - high pressure laminates) or CPL laminates (CPL - continuously pressed laminates) are robust and durable materials in sheet form known for a long time. You will find on the one hand in the electrical industry e.g. as a carrier for printed Circuits extensive use. On the other hand, laminate plates with a decorative surface as so-called plastic surfaces e.g. in the household sector, at public Locations, e.g. for the design of wall surfaces in railway and tram vehicles, as partitions in public Plumbing, for table surfaces in canteens, for floors and used on many other occasions. There is practically hardly an area of the daily Life where you do not meet them. In recent times is present In particular, the imitation of metallic surfaces has become very popular.

HPL have many advantages over other materials, e.g. Wood, metal, extruded plastic sheets or glass. Emphasizing, depending on the selected comparative material, for example, aging resistance, Moisture and chemical resistance, relatively high resistance to breakage, favorable Weight (e.g., plates whose surface is coated with metal foil is, compared to metal sheets with appropriate stiffness). Other cheap Properties are low thermal expansion, i. high dimensional stability, very low electrical conductivity at the same time high resistance against electrical voltage breakdown, i. favorable insulation effect, versatile changeable appearance both the surface (e.g., gloss or matte effects, with almost arbitrarily variable relief structure, metal effects - e.g. high glossy or brushed to just a few of the possibilities to name) as well as the body structure (transparent or opaque) and the material thickness, according to the intended Purpose can be set up. For example, HPL intrinsically stable or as a coating for one bearing other material to be produced. To emphasize is also the easy machinability (sawing, drilling, punching, edge grinding, Gluing on other materials such. Chipboard, in certain make thermal deformation).

disadvantage HPL plates are e.g. low modulus, often too low resistance to mechanical Load, i. Scratch sensitivity, although e.g. by storage of mineral aggregates in the surface can be reduced, but the surface hardness e.g. of mineral glasses, ceramics or hardened metal surfaces generally not reached.

The Layer materials opposite stand as comparison materials mineral materials, i. mineral glass or glass-like Materials in the broadest sense, e.g. Ceramics. Compared with coating materials typical Advantages of mineral materials are e.g. better transparency and Gloss properties, scratch and corrosion resistance, with certain glasses (ESG, Single-layer safety glass) thermal shock resistance, high modulus of elasticity. mineral lenses can fully transparent, translucent or opaque in a variety of settings be prepared, the surfaces can already structured during manufacture, e.g. be shaped or can be added later mechanically working, e.g. by grinding, etching, sandblasting, enameling, semi-transparent or opaque screen printing. For mineral glasses can the risk of breakage mainly due to the thermal or chemical prestressing the glass surface be minimized. The residual capacity of Glass elements can be increased be, or a tear resistant Plastic is placed between at least two slices.

One Disadvantage of mineral glasses compared to coating materials is the generally higher risk of breakage, the overall higher claims to processing, as well as higher brittleness. For mineral glasses can the risk of breakage except through the chemical composition and to some extent through Thermal pretreatment can also be reduced by the fact that Slices are provided with an elastic polymer layer or several discs by means of a polymeric adhesive (polyvinyl butyral or cast resin) be connected (safety glass, possibly reinforced to shoot-through security). It is possible, the glue, e.g. to color, but i.d.R. not a decorative effect, but other goals be followed, e.g. the light and / or heat absorption.

Also, the variability of the decorative Gestaitbarkeit of glasses leaves nothing to be desired. For example, to make opaque glass opaque, apart from the possibility of storing insoluble pigments in the glass (so-called opal glass), it is only possible to enamel the glass; In this case, the glass is coated on at least one side by means of a rubber roller with a uniform layer of an inorganic enamel, which is then baked at about 600 ° C. Disadvantage of this coating method is the fact that only homogeneous, possibly colored surfaces without pattern or structuring can be produced. The enamelling is also usually bought with a loss of luster: the enamelled side is usually dull, while the uncoated Glass side stays shiny. Although this allows, viewed from the uncoated side, a large depth effect of the applied color, but is only usable if it does not depend on the surface of the back. As structuring option, ornament glass can also be used instead of float glass, which is then enameled on the non-ornamented glass surface.

With the current glass technology is an opaque glass element, the different colors and structures each of the appearance a decorative laminate, not reach. The generating of metallic effects on glass is essentially based on manufacturing limited by mirror glass, while the variety of effects by coating HPL plates can be achieved with appropriately structured metal foils not reached can be.

Now it is generally known to connect at least two glass sheets by means of an adhesive film together (so-called VSG process). This is not limited to flat discs, but can equally be applied to curved discs. It is possible to process colored or structured films additionally with a metal sheet. The film or adhesive layer is then located between the glass and the metal. However, it is often disadvantageous that suitable sheets can usually only be processed in relatively large thicknesses. The required thickness of such a metal sheet (> 0.6 mm) may cause disc windings if the thermal expansion of metal and glass is different. As metals are therefore all stainless steel sheets advantageous whose coefficient of thermal expansion is similar to that of soda-lime glasses. Such sheets are very expensive (> 50 EUR / m ² ). The color designability of the metals, however, is essentially limited to aluminum, the chemically or electrically protective oxidized surface can be colored. When using stronger aluminum sheets, the large difference in thermal expansion compared to soda-lime glass leads to heavy utilization of glass-metal composite elements. The number of possible embossed designs is limited by the production process.

A different possibility for structuring or coloring of glass is the screen printing process. Also in this decor process is a spatial Design i. S. of applying a relief structure only on the Base glass (ornamental glass) possible. When screen printing on glass as in any screen printing a color pattern applied. There are screen printing processes that are on the use inorganic inks based, which as a pigment a glass frit contained at about 600 ° C burn in. Thus, both different colors, as well as different Pattern on the disc representable. The disadvantage is that inorganic screen printing not completely opaque. If this is desired, usually one second screen printing layer are applied (black or dark gray), consequently, there are always two different views the glass plate. A wide possibility the surface coating of glass arises over organic screen printing; it will be thermally or in ultraviolet light curing Applied paints. The disadvantage of such coatings, however, is the low mechanical resistance and the lack of UV resistance. An orientation of such organic Layers to the inside of a laminated safety glass are only partially possible because the Adhesion of the security film on the coated surface of the adhesion of the screen printing on the glass surface is dependent. Beneficial for organic Screen printing is availability of metallic high-gloss and also transparent colored paints. By screen printing but can no high gloss metallic surfaces be generated. Nor are special with this method surface effects (Brushed, sanded, embossed) to reach.

Desirable would be a Combination as possible many cheaper Properties of mineral materials with those of resin-bonded coating materials of the HPL type. This was, as I said, so far mainly by the Storage of finely divided minerals in the surface tries. However, it is not possible in this way to plate materials get that at the same time transparent or at least translucent are. Composite materials of coating materials with mineral glass in plate form have not been announced yet.

task The invention therefore provides a decorative panel material HPL type, its surface formed by an optionally fully transparent mineral glass which is highly resistant to weather conditions. Whenever glass or mineral glass is mentioned below, so is the whole variety of mineral materials in Plate form meant, also independently of whether it is planar or any curved flat surface Materials is.

It has now been found that the combination of the properties, in particular of the surface properties of glass materials, with the decorative possibilities resulting from the use of HPL-type coating materials is possible by virtue of the fact that the surface of an HPL laminate is bonded by means of a polymeric adhesive. or permanently bonded on both sides with a mineral glass or ceramic plate, so that itself a composite material with the basic layer structure glass - polymeric adhesive - HPL laminate results. If required, this material structure can be extended to include a further layer of glass applied on the reverse side with the aid of another layer of a polymeric adhesive, so that a composite material with the basic structure of glass - polymeric adhesive - HPL board - polymeric adhesive - glass having ( 1a , b).

Inventive subject matter is a composite material having the features specified in claim 1, wherein the claimed layer structure relates to all laminar materials, independently of which this one planar or curved, have homogeneous or discontinuous surface.

immediate The subject of the invention is a composite material as it is obtained if one HPL-type laminate on one or both sides by means of a polymeric adhesive with a glass or ceramic plate permanently connects.

A particular embodiment of the invention is that the laminates embedded between the glass are wholly or partially provided with recesses (holes). This creates transparent areas in the composite, which allow the view through the element. Such structures are particularly advantageously made of two outer glass sheets and an inner laminate (via an intermediate layer) ( 3a , b). The laminate can be connected to the entire surface of the glass, the size of the laminate being approximately equal to the glass size ( 4 ) or else be smaller than the glass element ( 4a , b, c). The element may contain openings through the glass and the laminate ( 5a , b).

The for the construction of the composite material according to the invention required materials and their processing are hereafter described in detail.

to Production of a decorative layer material (laminated panel) of HPL type one can proceed from the well-known technology of such HPL Schichtwerkstofe. There is usually a structure of different Instead of materials, depending on the intended use and the intended structure. For opaque, i. all in all opaque, self-supporting plates are used to form a main body or Carrier usually first some layers soaked with synthetic resin inexpensive webs of material ("carrier") made of cellulose Material (e.g., fabric or other matted or woven Cellulosic material, but usually paper, in general terms Fiber material) placed on a stable metal plate, which serves as a transport pad serves, i. later can be brought into a plate press. Instead of paper webs can also inorganic materials such as glass or mineral fiber webs or synthetic fiber materials are used.

When Synthetic resin for the main body is for economic reasons usually a thermosetting curable Phenol-formaldehyde (pre) condensate ("phenolic resin") are used, but are purely technical as well other thermosetting curable Formaldehyde (pre) condensates such as melamine or urea resins or thermosetting (i.e., condensable "crosslinkable") resins to a three-dimensional network such as epoxy resins or polyurethanes suitable.

For the composite material according to the invention the phenolic resin bonded body is not always needed, i. preferably omitted because already by the composite with the glass material In general, a sufficient rigidity is achieved. But it can of course, too HPL coating materials are used, all the coating components an ordinary HPL coating material exhibit.

Substantially according to the invention on the other hand, is the formation of a layered material that has the characteristics of Decorative layer of a HPL composite material has. To do this on the metal plate, - if necessary above the already mentioned Material for a basic body - one or several layers of paper laid, which form a decorative layer should, usually a cellulose paper, with a light-colored Soaked binder is, e.g. a thermosetting curable Formaldehyde condensate of urea and / or melamine ("urea or melamine resin"). The decorative layer may be monolayer or multilayer, i. from one or more Paper layers exist that either only pigmented or additionally printed are and will, optionally together with the resin-impregnated body, in the heated press, i. cured under pressure and heat. Above the Decorative layer can be arranged another layer, a so-called. Overlay. For this will be usually melamine-resin-bonded pure cellulose papers without pigmentation used. For the Purposes of the invention, an overlay is not basically needed, but it can preferably be dispensed with. As in the case of the invention not on the resistance the surface against external influences - e.g. Water - arrives that of the later overlay taken over with a glass plate can be, moreover the amount of melamine in the binder of the decorative layer may be low or are missing, i. It can be used a particularly inexpensive urea resin become.

Of the Pressing process to form a laminate plate is done in a conventional Platen press. The pressing pressure may e.g. between 10 and 200 bar, which also of the efficiency depends on the press and is not specific to the invention. The press temperature is i.a. between 100 and 200 ° C. For economic or technical reasons, it may be appropriate while the curing process decrease or increase the temperature and / or pressure. Because of the different reactivity of the commercial Resins leaves do not specify a general time requirement for curing; the best curing time is to be determined by a preliminary test.

To demoulding the texturing emitter (die, e.g. structured metal or plastic foil) again remove if Structurers are used, such as metal foils without adhesive layer, on the layer structure according to the invention do not stick.

The above the body The decor layer located thus generally consists of at least a layer of a light-colored resin impregnated carrier, wherein as a binder because of the desired durability especially thermoset curable melamine resins or even with the concomitant use of melamine produced formaldehyde condensates used. The above-indicated distinction between condensates and precondensates refers to that used for impregnation Formaldehyde resins already produced by a condensation process but incomplete is, so that only irreversibly a chemically crosslinked Three-dimensional network, ie a so-called thermoset arises. The precondensation usually takes place under the discharge of water and has with nothing to do with the production of the considered coating materials.

If a composite material according to the invention is to be obtained, which has a mineral glass surface on both sides, this often happens with the intention of having one on both sides to achieve decorative effect. In that case, you will get the HPL middle class like this choose, that it has a decorative surface on both sides. The layer can be transparent or opaque. If it is not on a particularly high material thickness or Opacity arrives, as I said, can continue to use the (phenolic resin bound) Backing layer omitted, so that the structure of an inventively usable HPL material in the simplest case, on the composite of at least one layer a resin-soaked Fiber material and at least one decorative layer (decorative layer) restrict leaves. As the decorative layer, in the simplest case, a resin-soaked, colored, e.g. printed layer of a fiber material can be used.

It Now decorative coating materials are known that over the Layer e.g. a metal foil (or several metal foils one above the other) have, which can be considered as a decorative layer in the broader sense. The Metal foil (s) can or can partially broken so that they are the underlying each Recognize decorative layer and / or the carrier layer summarize. There are practically no limits to fantasy in all these arrangements depending on which effects one strives for. For example, a laminate can be made externally a deceptively similar to a solid metal plate and still has all the advantages that are usually only of plastics on the one hand and mineral glass materials on the other hand are known. A special technique of surface treatment of plastic surfaces exists in steaming with metal, depending on the nature of the substrate Also high-gloss surface are possible. Such vaporized layers are with the inventive method To preserve particularly durable, since the sensitive from home Metal layer (starch from fractions of a thousandth of a millimeter (μm) to a few hundredths Millimeters).

In front All is by means of the layer structure according to the invention the disadvantage overcome the master metals, that they are atmospheric Influences not Permanently resist what their outdoor application for decorative Limited purposes, as far as they are not pure construction materials. Strictly speaking is suitable as long term durable surface e.g. for facade cladding only Stainless steel and with certain restrictions also certain varieties of surface-finished Aluminum, but it must be high-purity aluminum, or certain alloys that are chemically oxidizable. Though There are also relatively resistant materials among the light metal alloys. These can not be produced with all surface structures, e.g. are, above all, high-gloss Materials not readily available in weatherproof design. It is known, that laminate sheets provided with a metal surface with a protective layer (e.g., paint, electrolytic or chemical oxidation) can be. For the permanently bonding a metal foil to a synthetic resin surface the film usually pretreated with a primer, e.g. a suitable one Interlayer in foil form, resulting in an analysis of the layer structure the composite material according to the invention possibly as a separate layer.

Suitable metal foils are films or thin sheets of virtually all suitable for decorative purposes metals, such as those from Kup fer, aluminum, iron, titanium or their alloys, such as brass or stainless steel. They can be metallic bright or, depending on the intent of the Dekor-Entwerters, also matte, galvanized with other metals or otherwise superficially changed. Depending on the type of metal used, it may be advantageous or even necessary to provide the metal foil with a protective layer. In the case of aluminum, this may be, for example, the oxide layer obtainable by anodic oxidation or a phosphate layer. It may be convenient to use surface-treated metal foils from the outset, which in turn may have a decorative pattern (eg, be printed on), or may have an otherwise-machined, eg, ground, brushed, or etched surface. Furthermore, the entire surface of the laminate plate, ie both the metal parts as the plastic parts, subsequently with a cover layer, protective layer or the like. be coated.

When Mineral glass material are suitable for the purpose of the invention e.g. Flat glass panes of 1 mm - 19 mm thickness. Suitable are old technically usual Flat glass types, e.g. Lime-soda-glass or borosilicate glass, the either in the form of cast glass, float glass or drawn glass is available. The glass can be colorless, colored in the mass or with a whole or part of the area Be provided coating on one or both surfaces. The kind the coating may be a thick film layer (applied e.g. B. by screen printing, enamelling, dipping, spraying) or a thin film layer, the z. B. pyrolytic or applied by magnetron to the glass is.

The Glass panes can smooth (float glass, drawn glass) or structured (cast glass, patterned glass), or smooth surface Glass exist, the later z. By etching, Sandblasting, grinding or laser machining was structured.

The Glass panes can both without strengthening Activities, as well as after thermal or chemical prestressing.

For special Purposes can also used glasses which are already composed of several layers, e.g. Safety discs or bullet-proof discs.

It has surprisingly pointed out that on the different heat expansion coefficient HPL panels and glass panels in general have not been given much consideration must be, so that no restrictions on the extent to elected Glass types exist. Especially in cases where both the show side as well as the back of the Composite material is formed by a glass plate, on the back a non-surface treated (thermally or chemically tempered) disc can be used. However, should be considered be that different heat expansion coefficient and possibly material thickness the glasses to different thermal stress to lead, to avoid it being stronger Heating / cooling too a deformation of the material comes. In many cases but in front and back a composite panel according to the invention equally as Used show side, e.g. in partitions from the material of the invention. in this case you will use identical glasses on both sides anyway.

When polymeric adhesive for bonding HPL laminate and vitreous body are suitable all the materials with which glasses are interconnected can be. Laminate and glass are advantageous by means of a commercial Adhesive of PVB (polyvinyl butyral) connected. The connection is made so that the decor side, optionally also the back of the laminate with a PVB film coated and heated with the glass afterwards and under high pressure with the glass is pressed. Commercially available PVB films have one by default Thickness of 0.38 mm, i. that when using thicker intermediate layers (e.g., due to surface structure de Schichtwerkstoffs) must use several slides one above the other and each achieved a multiple of this material thickness. Alternatively you can too one- or two-component casting resins be used, the autokinetic, thermal or by high-energy Cure radiation.

If it depends on high thermal shock resistance, is the use recommended by single-layer safety glass (ESG), especially since this in many cases Anyway, it will be prescribed, It is glasses, at which by thermal or chemical treatment in the surface of a Compressive stress is generated in the center of the glass by a Tensile zone is neutralized.

The Advantages of inventive composite materials arise for the person skilled in the art directly from the above. It should be noted however, to the particular advantage of the layer structure according to the invention, that way very thin Metal foils can be processed in conjunction with glass and a material of high rigidity is obtained.

• a) einer ersten Schicht aus einem Mineralglas G1;
• b) einer ersten Kleberschicht K1;
• c) bedarfsweise mindestens einer ersten Lage einer zellulosehaltigen harzgebundenen Deckschicht (Overlay) O1;
• d) bedartsweise mindestens einer ersten Metallfolie M1, die gegebenenfalls zur darunter liegenden Dekorschicht D1 bzw. der Deckschicht O1 hin mit einem Haftvermittler H1 versehen ist;
• e) bedarfsweise mindestens einer harzgebundenen, als Dekorträger dienenden Papierschicht D1;
• f) bedarfsweise einer ein- oder mehrlagigen, mit harzgetränkten Faserbahn P als Trägerschicht, Ausgleichsschicht oder zur Anpassung der Materialstärke;
• g) bedarfsweise mindestens einer zweiten, harzgebundenen, als zweiter Dekorträger dienenden Papierschicht D2;
• h) bedarfsweise mindestens einer zweiten Metallfolie M2, die gegebenenfalls zur Papierschicht D2 bzw. der Deckschicht O2 hin mit einem Haftvermittler H versehen ist;
• i) bedarfsweise mindestens einer zweiten Lage einer zellulosehaltigen harzgebundenen Deckschicht (Overlay) O2;
• j) gegebenenfalls einer zweiten Kleberschicht K2;
• k) bedarfsweise einer – gegebenenfalls zweiten – Schicht aus einem Mineralglas G2;

mit der Maßgabe, dass entweder mindestens eine der wahlfreien Schichten d) und e) oder mindestens eine der Schichten d) und/oder e) und eine Schicht f) vorhanden ist und weiter, dass die Schichten c) bis i) gemeinsam ein HPL- oder CPL-Laminat bilden.The composite obtainable according to the invention material (shown in order from one surface to the other and preferably in sheet form) according to the attached 1 ) out

• a) a first layer of a mineral glass G1;
• b) a first adhesive layer K1;
• c) if necessary, at least one first layer of a cellulosic resin-bound top layer (overlay) O1;
• d) according to the method of at least one first metal foil M1, which is optionally provided to the underlying decorative layer D1 and the cover layer O1 out with a bonding agent H1;
• e) if necessary, at least one resin-bound, serving as decor carrier paper layer D1;
• f) if necessary, a single or multi-layer, impregnated with resin fiber web P as a carrier layer, leveling layer or to adjust the material thickness;
• g) if necessary, at least one second, resin-bound, serving as a second decor carrier paper layer D2;
• h) if necessary, at least one second metal foil M2, which is optionally provided with a bonding agent H to the paper layer D2 and the cover layer O2;
• i) if necessary, at least one second layer of a cellulosic resin-bound top layer (overlay) O2;
• j) optionally a second adhesive layer K2;
• k) if necessary, a - possibly second - layer of a mineral glass G2;

with the proviso that either at least one of the optional layers d) and e) or at least one of the layers d) and / or e) and a layer f) is present and further that the layers c) to i) together comprise an HPL or form CPL laminate.

If a mineral glass layer G2 is present, is also an adhesive layer K2 available; Furthermore Apparently, the layers correspond to each other with respect to the type of material a) and k), b) and j), c) and i), d) and h) and e) and g). These Material pairs can the same as the construction and the aesthetic effect or be different. It is understood that instead of a single Metal foil M1, M2 also several metal foils are used one above the other can, whereby e.g. a metal foil is ornamentally broken to to release a partial view of the underlying second film.

One HPL or CPL laminate with the minimum requirements according to the invention is made of the required use fiber web P, which serves as a decorative carrier Paper layer D, if necessary, the cover layer (overlay) O and if necessary, the metal foil M obtainable by these layers prior to bonding with the mineral glass layer in per se known Way in a separate work under pressure and heat with each other connected ("laminated").

It It should be noted that the term "as needed" in the above representation of the invention is used instead of the word "optionally" used in the patent literature, to show that it is an optional within the scope of the invention Feature, while "optionally" is only used if the feature referred to is of the presence of an optional one Feature depends. Thus, if a layer M1, M2, that is, a metal foil is present is, an adhesive (bonding agent) K1, K2 present, not against, if the feature "metal foil M "is not busy.

Of the inventive structure can be easily determined by according to the attached picture be that one the respective composite perpendicular to Surface cuts, If necessary, attach and add the subjectively recognizable layer structure corresponding magnification e.g. viewed with a magnifying glass. To identify the layers if necessary, the usual Analytical methods for the identification of materials, such as X-ray fluorescence analysis, staining and / or chemical analysis.

The upper decorative layer, i. in the usual expert Spoken the decorative layer, it can be said as a metal foil or a decorative paper or decorative paper made of paper Elements as well as elements by, evt. Also broken or discontinuous metallic surface are. In this embodiment of the composite material according to the invention is e.g. a decorative laminate board used, the recessed surface a coherent one area forms while the raised decorative elements have no connection with each other. An example is, for example, a sublime dot pattern. To the pierced areas of the die presses during the pressing process still flowable material the resin composition, the decorative layer to the allowance, so the usual Press plate in front. For a metallic surface of compliant metal, e.g. made of aluminum, which makes a particularly appealing impression, have e.g. after demolding from a high-gloss pressed sheet the projecting Elements of high-gloss on while the underlying elements the original structure, for example a brushed one surface have kept.

Here, especially in a decorative plastic layer, the decorative elements on the openwork areas the surface character the allowance, for example, appear high-gloss, while the recessed areas may appear dull, for example. Of course you can also use a high-gloss sheet for the die.

A particularly advantageous embodiment The invention results when a laminate with a very thin fiber core (<0.2 mm) is made, coated on both sides with an optical layer (metal foil) is. This laminate behaves looks like a metal plate, but produces much less Faults in the glass composite, as a pure metal plate. moreover This special laminate is easier to work with than ordinary ones Laminates, e.g. B. to punch. This allows partially transparent Achieve laminates that subsequently sandwiched between two panes of glass. The thus obtained Products have been virtually inaccessible so far.

It can but also laminate plates are used, in which the openwork Make the metal surface not completely filled up with the resin but the surface is one Relief structure has. If this is the case, the material thickness of the Klebers K1 or K2 be chosen as large so that when connecting the laminate plate with the mineral glass plate no voids can train but the adhesive fills the given bumps.

On the area fraction and the shape of the metal foil is relative to the rest of the decorative (i.e., plastic) surface it does not matter, i. the area ratio and the shape is merely aesthetic, not for technical reasons determined and can therefore assume any values; e.g. can a Metal foil M are used, which, preferably in the form of a decorative pattern, between 10 and 99 percent of the total surface of the Covered material and leaves 1 to 90 percent of the underlying decorative plastic surface exposed.

If a metal foil is used as the uppermost layer, a material is usually used which is provided on one side with an adhesion promoter H (primer) or, more frequently, with an adhesive lacquer which also cures when hot. After a proposal in the U.S. Patent 3,475,240 For example, instead of a decorative layer of resin-impregnated paper, a metal foil etched back with a suitable adhesive can be pressed directly onto a base body of phenol resin-impregnated paper layers and thus serves as the sole decorative layer. The metal foil can thus be applied directly above the base body; There is no need to use decorative paper. In some cases, it is expedient to apply a so-called compensating paper between the main body, optionally the decorative foil and the metal foil, which covers minor imperfections of the (usually particularly inexpensive) base body material.

Around surfaces in which the sublime elements are related, while the deepened isolated, must open a thin carrier, e.g. an overlay paper, the corresponding pattern in the form of metallic Elements are glued on. Conversely, surfaces can be obtained in which the lofty elements are connected, while the recessed ones are isolated, obtained by using metal foils can be used, which have a pattern obtained by punching.

The Heat / pressure treatment when applying the compensating paper and / or the Dekorpäpiers already stopped as soon as partial hardening has taken place, i. that an incomplete cured Leveling or decorative layer is already sufficient to carry out the invention, because when applying the metal foil and their bonding with the Underground in any case further warming takes place, if necessary a through hardening of a incomplete cured Resin in the leveling layer result. The same is true for the Compound of laminated board and mineral glass under short-term warming takes place.

to Gluing the metal foil to the plastic surface can be different Means are used; e.g. can Hotmelt adhesive (thermoplastic adhesives based on e.g. of vinyl polymers) or thermosetting (heat-reactive) Adhesive are used, which have a sufficient affinity for the metal surface. Suitable are e.g. thermosetting phenolic resins based on cresol-formaldehyde condensates in the form of (generally solvent-containing) Paint has been applied to one side of the metal foil. After removal of the solvent can these painted metal foils readily used in the invention become. Other thermosetting adhesives are e.g. Precursors that cure by heat and after curing Polyurethanes or epoxy resins result. It seems to be important that they are products that cure (crosslink) do not split off any water, as this may be the invention sought Affect success would. From the literature are for the permanent bonding of metals suitable means known which is to carry out the Invention are suitable.

In summary, the following advantages are achieved, inter alia, with the composite material according to the invention:
It can be used all the design options that are possible with the production of HPL board materials, such as embossing, painting, brushing, etc.

The Laminates give the glass / laminate composite a high residual capacity, because they are not brittle.

The Glass gives the composite mechanical rigidity. The stiffness results itself from the modulus of elasticity of the glass and the moment of resistance.

The Glass raised the gloss of the underlying material and creates a depth effect. Glass, as far as it is not ornamented or surface-treated, reflects a part of the light, whereby the well-known law applies, after which the Incident angle is equal to the reflection angle. The reflected Proportion of light is - depending on angle - at approx. 8% and results from the difference in refraction between glass and Air.

The Glass protects the softer laminate from mechanical damage.

Claims (7)

Composite consisting of, in order, from one surface to the other, and preferably in sheet form, as shown in the attached drawing ( 1 ) from a) a first layer of a mineral glass G1; b) a first Kieber layer K1; c) if necessary, at least one first layer of a cellulosic resin-bound top layer (overlay) O1; d) if necessary, at least one first metal foil M1, which is optionally provided to the underlying decorative layer D1 and the outer layer O1 out with a bonding agent H1; e) if necessary, at least one resin-bound, serving as decor carrier paper layer D1; f) if necessary, a single or multi-layer, impregnated with resin fiber web P as a carrier layer, leveling layer or to adjust the material thickness; g) if necessary, at least one second, resin-bound, serving as a second decor carrier paper layer D2; h) if necessary, at least one second metal foil M2, which is optionally provided with a bonding agent H to the paper layer D2 and the cover layer O2; i) if necessary, at least one second layer of a cellulosic resin-bound top layer (overlay) O2; j) optionally a second adhesive layer K2; k) if necessary, a - possibly second - layer of a mineral glass G2; with the proviso that either at least one of the optional layers d) and e) or at least one of the layers d) and / or e) and a layer f) is present and further that the layers c) to i) together comprise an HPL or form CPL laminate. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized that the paper layers D1 and D2 and the outer layers O1 and O2 with a urea or Melamine-formaldehyde condensate are soaked. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized that a metal foil M1 or M2 used with a thickness of 0.01 to 1 mm or one of the layers D1 and / or D2 or O1 and / or O2 with a vapor-deposited metal layer is provided. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized that the mineral glass layers G1 and G2 have a thickness of 1 to 19 mm. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized that the adhesive layers K1 and K2 of polyvinyl butyral or a Cast resin consist. Composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that a metal foil M1 or M2 has been used which, preferably in the form of a decorative pattern, between 10 and 99 percent of entire surface covered by the material and leaves 1 to 90 percent of the underlying decorative plastic surface exposed. Method for producing a composite material according to one the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in accordance with the Claim 1 selected Layers c) to i) before bonding to the mineral glass layer in a separate work in a known manner under pressure and Heat each other get connected.