DE102004025189A1 - Floating assembly to convert lake water into irrigation or process water by solar heating of internal water pool, evaporation and condensation - Google Patents

Abstract

A floating water treatment plant abstracts water from a lake and renders it suitable for e.g. irrigation. The hull holds a pool of abstracted water which is heated and evaporated to condense on domed baffle plates and draining down curtains to troughs. The pool of water in the hull is heated by a snaked array of heating pipes (12) drawing energy fro e.g. solar radiation. Water is pumped into the hull from the surrounding lake and introduced by a snaked array of perforated pipes (2).

Description

The Invention relates to a ratio to the known prior art improved device for the production of process water from natural water, in connection with a Water intake, which is also a body of water, preferably a sea can be arranged. With the help of this device can off Natural water generates large quantities of almost chemically pure water which are for irrigation low-vegetation or vegetation-less soils and / or for supply the population living there can be used.

to irrigation Areas without vegetation or poor areas become large quantities of water needed if this use of whatever kind for the benefit of Fed to people should be. Likewise, industrial companies, preferably power plants, reliant on significant amounts of service water, the requirements to a certain water quality have to do justice.

Usually For this purpose wells are drilled to pump with the help of needed Water to over To promote days. On the one hand, the energy demand for such systems is considerable, and it causes problems to introduce this energy when the extraction of Hot water to be operated on a large scale. Stand to the other here very often waters in which unwanted Chemicals such as salts and the like are included, so that a Separation unwanted Substances in already low-energy areas must be made, something new Difficulties mean.

Around To improve such processes is described in "Solar Distillation", Pergamon Press Ltd. 1984, page 52, a cone-shaped Device proposed in which the ground in a black Material executed and the cone sheath is made transparent. The floor is with low altitude covered with (sea) water to be evaporated. Through the transparency the cone sheath, the sun's rays get inside. On reason as the absorption surface trained blackened Soil evaporates water and condenses on the inside of the cone shell. By its inclination runs the condensed water to the outside in a arranged there circumferential Gutter, from which the recovered chemically pure water dissipates and fed to a use becomes. This device is to operate on the one hand advantageous because it is circular and the solar energy is constantly turned towards one Surface meets. Despite this advantageous design, the performance is low, because the effective usable area in relation to to the overall dimension is small.

A Variation of this principle is described in "Renewable energy", Vol. 4, no. 7 from 1994, pages 839 ff. shown. about an oblique employed adsorber surface, in a box-shaped container is arranged, moves by gravity, a water film. Water evaporates and condenses on a superposed, the kastenfömige arrangement covering at an angle hired disk. Again, following the flow of gravity, condensed flows Water in a arranged at the lower edge of the obliquely inclined disc Gully, from which the condensed water is drained off and used.

at a solution shown in US Pat. No. 3,986,936, there is a floating body, in the likewise over a transparent pane that penetrates the sunlight and in one Swamp or in an evaporator tube water for evaporation brings. Laterally on the float is a bow-shaped trained chamber available. The charged with water droplets atmosphere rises and enters the arched shape trained laterally lying chamber over, wherein at least the upper area cooled by the surrounding water becomes. Condensing water is running through the arcuate Training down into a collection container and is deducted there. The arcuate Training leads to that by cooling and under the essentially serving as a condensation surface Part of the channel leads down. This also falls the still charged with uncondensed liquid droplets after air down and step over that Swamp back into the float one. The cycle starts anew by turning the existing atmosphere again with water droplets is charged. This creates a circulating flow. Nevertheless, it is The recoverable amount of water relatively low, especially as the operation of Setup can be done undisturbed only on calm water surface.

In the document DE-Gm 9115232 is the arrangement of photovoltaic Elements in the sense of the establishment of a solar power plant on floats on open sea, taking part of the energy gained to operate from no closer described desalination or hydrogen production should.

According to DE-OS 196 20 214, natural water is sprayed into a heated air stream by means of solar energy. This atomization can also be done in several stages to increase the humidity even more. The air stream charged in this way is subsequently charged to a condenser, from the bottom of which condensed and thus unrestricted usable water is withdrawn. The cooling of the capacitor takes place by at least two circuits are connected in series, where the last is a fresh water cycle and the first is a natural water cycle. Even if hot water production in oil-rich and thus financially strong countries takes place in industrial plants in which crude oil can be used as an energy source, the amounts of energy required for production are considerable and lead to high costs of the water thus obtained. It should be noted that a relative amount of moving drive elements in a continuous operation is always a source of interference.

In Scripture EP 0 922 676 It is proposed to improve the evaporation performance achieved exclusively by ambient temperature by introducing air into the water to be evaporated, whereby the formation of condensate is not adequately supported.

task The invention is therefore to develop an arrangement with their help in the extraction of pure water from natural or Hot water by means of heat the vaporizing ability of the Water and the precipitate of the resulting condensate improves become.

The Task is solved by a device according to Claim 1.

The Heating coil is conveniently over a thermal solar system operated by the heating coil to be supplied air heating operated configured is, and it is equally possible is such a heater connected to the heating coil To train, the resulting hot water of a power plant can be operated.

Of the structure can be executed as a page-only element around the work surface to limit and to carry the closed roof construction. He but can also be designed as a bottom closed container, for For example, if process-accompanying salt from seawater ge won shall be. He can be trained buoyant in a usual way be at the bottom of a body of water sit up or float on Be fastened supporting elements. The roof inside of flat elements existing vertically hanging arranged hanging surfaces for the condensate precipitation can in greenhouses customary Abtropffolien be. An inventive Preferred variant provides to execute the hanging surfaces like a wire mesh. As well is the use of so-called expanded metal possible. Thereby the dripping of condensate is promoted.

The Rooftop skin is, as with other facilities for a similar Purpose known as inclined surface executed at the bottom condensate expires. The inventive preferred variant provides that the roof outer skin has a U-shaped cross-section, in the longitudinal direction of the building extends, anyway a design of the kind that the linear expansion of the foundation body greater is as its width, the roof is curved transversely to the longitudinal direction and gutters and guttering system are arranged longitudinally, to be useful has proved.

It is also the aim of the invention, condensate there in the Konsationsraum to catch up and for the provide targeted derivation, where targeted extraction not readily possible is. This is especially true where are referred to as drainage surfaces area Elements with their gutter system are no longer present. Therefore are as drainage surfaces designated planar Elements present with the under under the end of the roof vaults arranged gutters connected and inwardly obliquely upward into the condensation room into the vicinity of the hanging surfaces reaching are formed.

Around to achieve optimal evaporation performance, see the invention preferably before, that on the one hand all located outside the building Parts as well as the structure even a light in heat transforming coloring can have. The can be a dark color, but it can also be a coating be.

A invention Preferential variant provides, over to heat the coil of air to be blown in. The warming of this Air can be made by adding heat over one provided solar thermal system and a known heat transfer medium a heat exchanger is abandoned. The warming but can also be done by being from a nearby Power plant resulting hot water is used for heating. As well Is it possible, biogas or natural gas to be used by a heat input by a biogas or natural gas fed fuel system. Of course Combinations of these facilities are possible.

Around carried by the natural water foreign body essentially to be able to withstand the natural water intake is known to be a purpose-appropriate Upstream filter.

Thus, the condensate removal is carried out as practical as possible, the invention provides that the gutters located under the side edges of the roof and that of the Aufhangflä Chen running condensate seeping drainage system are designed to drain water inclined.

On the roof's external skin can precipitate precipitation in the form of rain, which in the end is also to be used and that in the outside of the final edges of the arched Roof under gutter is detected. That's why one is on the outside Outside of the gutter as a filter opposite to the incoming rainwater disturbing Particles acting obliquely up to the outer surface of the roof reaching there and for the discharge of the incoming Rainwater located disturbing Particle serving brush row available. This brush row can also be folded be. However, here, when using this detail, must be on the extraction dispensed chemically pure water and provided a post-treatment become.

The Inlet water can be any type of natural water, including seawater, also from bigger ones Deep. It is also possible from bigger ones Depths of a landmass to use recovered water in the process.

In order to the condensation performance of the external weather conditions becomes more independent, can below the inner roof vault and preferably spaced parallel thereto further bulges be attached, wherein in this case the out of plane Elements existing vertically hanging arranged hanging surfaces for the Condensation precipitation attached to the lowest Wöllbung are.

The the supply line heated Air serving pipe coil is preferably in the immediate vicinity of the surface of the inner water level and below this by floats in natural water arranged horizontally. This gives the possibility of the coil to optimize the process to different depths. Furthermore, in this coil, the air additionally heated Incorporating integrated heating, one with biogas or with Natural gas is working.

The In the tube existing recesses small diameter can be the changing with increasing length pressures to be adjusted by increasing with the air intake point Distance adequate the adjusting pressure drop adapted this one larger Have diameter.

It is self-evident possible, several structures in the sense of modules to couple together to larger units.

By the inventive Design of a for the purpose of obtaining water especially for low-vegetation or vegetation-less soils in the Tropics suitable plant, it is possible to self-sufficient energy supply the treatment of process water and drinking water to a minimum to reduce. Likewise, near human life fall like whatever type of organic waste, which for many reasons too eliminate and if possible beneficial, so that a processing and production of biogas is reachable. Independently thereof are also near the coast power plants created, on the one hand not insignificant amounts of water in one specific quality need and secondly process-accompanying waste products such as steam, which can be advantageously used for the recovery of water.

The Invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment become.

In the associated Drawing shows

1 the cross section of an inventively designed arrangement and

2 the section XX 'of 1 ,

On the shore of a country body with almost tropical climatic conditions, near the shore of the sea, in the same near the beach, is a pontoon-like and buoyant hull 1 trained building body of 10 m width and 80 m length anchored. For one, this hull can 1 with the changes in water level caused by ebb and flow, and on the other hand, this hull is 1 stabilized so that its interior is about 2 m high filled with water.

About 5 cm below the water level in the longitudinal direction of the hull 1 are pipe coils 2 arranged, which have in a row recesses in the sense of small holes with the action of nozzles. In these coils 2 is via a pump 3 Blown in air. In addition, before supplying the preferably flexible air supply line 10 to the coils 2 a heat exchanger 4 integrated into the system. Through this flows the air to be injected. In this heat exchanger 4 is supplied by a near-shore power plant hot steam, which is obtained as residual steam during operation of the turbines, via a steam supply line 11 fed. This heats the air to be injected before entering the coils 2 entry. The heat exchanger 4 is statically stable rounded and raised on the grown soil and the air supply 10 to the coils 2 is isolated.

In addition, alternate with the coils 2 arranged heating coils 12 formed, via which the water located in the interior of the hull is additionally heated by a heat transfer medium. This heating is conveniently carried out over accumulating energy, on the Ent is not discussed in the embodiment. This energy can also be obtained from biogas.

The blowing of air over the coils 2 , in particular heated air, accelerates the evaporation of the hull 1 located seawater. Likewise, the water softens, so that the evaporation is promoted as well.

The hull 1 is in its longitudinal direction arcuate completely thought over. Through this arched curvature 5 The roofing forms forming condensate at the arched vault 5 down inside. Following gravity, this condensate runs laterally at the curvature 5 down.

Inside the room, on the inside of the arch-like vault 5 are in the longitudinal direction of the hull 1 slid in grooves mesh-like trained hanging surfaces 6 arranged. So that they have a relatively low weight, they are made of a mesh of synthetic fibers. These hanging surfaces 6 However, they can also be made from silage foil.

At these hanging areas 6 This is reflected in the condensation room 7 forming condensate down. Furthermore, this is the arch-like curvature 5 self-adjusting condensate also over these hanging surfaces 6 discharged downwards. The wire mesh-like design leads to a volume concentration of the condensate and thus to a faster expiration of relatively small but compact quantities. Below the hanging surfaces 6 are open-topped gutters 8th arranged. In this the condensate enters. By a one-sided inclined attachment of the gutters 8th follows the water obtained from the condensate of gravity and is fed to collecting vessels, from which it is supplied for further use.

The longitudinal side walls of the hull 1 are broken below the roof above the mirror of the surrounding sea, and they are gullies 8th' for collecting and discharging the inside and - in case of precipitation - outside accumulating water available. In order to continue to collect condensate dripping from the arcuate curvature, are with the gutters 8th' connected drainage surfaces 10 present, following the central axis of the hull 1 inclined upwards inwards and up to the vicinity of the hanging surfaces 6 are carried out reaching. On the representation of these grooves 8th' Covering foldable rows of brushes, which retain foreign bodies entrained in the rainwater, have been dispensed with.

An example is the arcuate curvature 5 made in triplicate in order to create isolation rooms which counteract cooling, and to obtain additional condensation surfaces.

The arched vault 5 is designed so that there are two longitudinally displaceable, complementary parts, which are dimensioned so that one part can be moved under the other.

If the entered salt-laden water becomes too thick due to the evaporation process, it can be removed after removing the hanging surfaces 6 Both roof parts are pushed into each other and the brine, which has been adjusted, can be removed by means of a gripping tool.

1

hull

2

coils

3

pump

4

heat exchangers

5

arcuate bulge

6

Aufhangflächen

7

condensation chamber

8th; 8th'

run

9

drainage area

10

air supply

11

steam supply

12

heating coil

Claims (12)

Arrangement for the production of pure water from natural water, which consists of a structure arranged in direct connection with a water intake ( 1 ) in the sense of a caisson with a free interior for receiving a system for the evaporation of the in the building ( 1 ) running in natural water, the building ( 1 ) has an inlet for entering into its interior inlet water, within the building ( 1 ) arranged below the inlet water level and provided with outlet openings pipe coil ( 2 ) is formed, which is the supply line and the outlet of air serving and the coil ( 2 ) has for this purpose recesses of small diameter, above the structure ( 1 ) reaching down substantially to the vicinity of the vertical, a sloping self-contained roof is present, in which the final edges of the domed roof a gutter ( 8th' ), which is designed to receive rainwater accumulating on the sloping roof, - a further self-sufficient heating coil connected to a heating device and serving to increase the evaporation capacity of the natural water in the building ( 12 ) is formed, - on the inner surfaces of the inclined roof at the curvatures of planar elements existing vertically suspended hanging surfaces ( 6 ) are present for the condensate precipitation and in their longitudinal direction and in the fastening direction of the suspension surfaces ( 6 ) under these dripping condensate collecting a known guttering system ( 8th ; 8th' ) is present, - for detecting next to the hanging surfaces ( 6 ) in the condensation chamber ( 7 ) dripping condensate from the inside to the outside obliquely downward sloping drain surfaces ( 9 ) are formed, the irregularly dripping condensate outwards to the longitudinal sides of the building ( 1 ) laxative and there into a gutter ( 8th' ) are formed initially. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the roof pitch a vault is. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 2, in which with the heating coil ( 12 ) connected heating device is one which is configured to operate the heating coil to be supplied air by heating a solar thermal system heated. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which with the heating coil ( 12 ) connected heating device is one which is designed operated by the resulting hot water of a power plant. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is designed so that in the air supply line ( 10 ), which are the coils ( 2 ) receives the heated air to be supplied, a heat exchanger which additionally heats the air ( 4 ) is integrated. Arrangement according to Claim 5, in which the heat exchanger ( 4 ) has a biogas-powered heating device. Arrangement according to Claim 5, in which the heat exchanger ( 4 ) has a natural gas-powered heating device. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein one of the outer side of the final edges of the domed roof lower gutter ( 8th' ) acting as a filter against the disturbing particles located in the incoming rainwater obliquely reaching up to the outer surface of the roof there fitting and serving to dissipate the rainwater located in the incidental disturbing particles brushing sequence is present. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which under the roof vault towards the inside and in parallel more bulges are formed. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which all outside the arrangement laid the natural water leading lines and the outer roof shell one Light in heat have converting coating. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the vertically suspended mounting surfaces ( 6 ) are designed like a wire mesh. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 19, in which the in the coil ( 2 ) existing recesses of small diameter with increasing from the Aufgabestelle the air distance adequate to the pressure drop adjusting this have a larger diameter.