DE102004022719B4 - Data collection method for quality evaluation of electric energy - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for obtaining information relevant to the quality of the electrical energy of a supply network (2) by means of voltage and current transformers (8, 10) for detecting the instantaneous currents and voltages at a detection point (Pj), A / D converters (12) Processing of the detected voltages (Uxz (t) j) and currents (Ix (t) j), on microcomputer and memory chip based functional groups (14, 16, 18) for generating, analyzing, evaluating and short-term and long-term storage of the detected current Voltages (Uxz (t) j) and currents (Ix (t) j) generated characteristic values of quality-related derived characteristics (K (m) j) and for the output of data,
- By periodic query from the set of the derived characteristics (K (m) j) selected first characteristics (K1 (m1) j) when exceeding associated limits first event data (De1j), the characteristic and limit value related data on the time and duration of the contain first events, generated and classified according to time duration as well as the amount of the limit value overrun or limit value undershoot can be counted into characteristic-related registers in a readable manner,
characterized,
- that the first event data (De1j) to higher-level memory -...

Description

The The invention relates to a method for obtaining quality electrical Energy of a supply network relevant information after the Preamble of claim 1.

in the Deregulation of the electrical energy industry arise modified economic conditions for energy suppliers and network operators. moreover win disturbing Factors outside and within the respective supply network increasingly influence. In addition to supply reliability, i.e. the availability of electric power, the quality of electric power is increasing Role within the supply quality, since deficiencies in the quality of electrical energy is not rarely significant negative effects on technological processes, product properties and personal and plant safety. These are not just the influences the electrical energy quality from the public Network on the customer network, but also the interactions of the customer network with the public Net as well as the influences the quality problems caused locally at the customer to other locations to be considered in the customer network.

When Standard related to issues of electricity supply quality is the European standard EN 50160; 1994 "characteristics of tension in public electricity supply networks. "Of this The norm, however, concerns non-public networks in which the interactions between network construction, technological processes and customer-side consumers do not determine the limits of electrical energy quality parameters considered. Here are between energy suppliers and energy consumers to ensure stable, trouble-free and quality-oriented Production processes customer-related energy qualities with agreed settlement rates agreed. The introduction of differentiated Quality levels required a corresponding monitoring through suitable measuring systems.

From the publication DD 275 321 A1 For example, a method and arrangement for analyzing and registering transient voltage fluctuations at a detection point is known. According to the method, if predetermined intervals are exceeded or fallen short of various parameters, the voltage fluctuation, preferably the magnitude and time duration, is a classification and a deterministic registration of the fluctuation derived therefrom as an event. The arrangement contains an event counter module in which a predetermined number of event counters are arranged two-dimensional, matrix-like. The event counters are uniquely associated with the given intervals of two different classifiers via a logic link, wherein a coordinate of the corresponding event counter in the event counter matrix is determined by a voltage classifier module and the second coordinate by the time classifier module. The transient voltage fluctuations are detected by the measurement conditioner and the A / D converter. The classified events are made visible via a display module and fed via an output module of external storage. The proposed solution allows on the basis of classified events a limited inference on the quality of the delivered electrical energy at the detection point. Due to the increasing complexity of the electricity supply, the required number of parameters to be monitored and the times to be recorded have increased considerably, so that the known solution quickly reaches its limits.

With H. Gampenrieder "monitoring of network parameters in the power supply" from etz 123 (2002) Issue 11/12, page 28, 31-33 a network analysis meter for monitoring the voltage quality supplied electrical energy is described according to the above-mentioned standard The parameters formed are transient overvoltages, voltage undershooting, overshoot and interruption, frequency deviation, voltage and current rms values as well as their minimum, maximum and average values. Active, reactive and apparent power, power factor, voltage and current symmetry in phase and amplitude, harmonic harmonics of voltage, current and power, interharmonic oscillations for current and voltage, phase angle of the harmonic voltage and current harmonics and ge overall disturbance factor of the harmonic and interharmonic harmonics of voltage and current and short-term and long-term flicker. The mentioned parameters are evaluated at predetermined time intervals. Current and voltage oscillations are displayed graphically and numerically on a color monitor. If the above-mentioned parameters exceed or fall short of preset limit values, event messages are OR-linked to the set limit values and are given the date and time for each incoming and outgoing event. The device's internal memory can record and store data from long-term measurements up to one month. Through appropriate interfaces and an HTTP server function, the device is suitable for remote monitoring and control. Due to the large number of parameters to be monitored, a considerable amount of data is generated. which is increased again by the subsequent statistical evaluation of the daily and weekly intervals in the sense of EN 50160 with continuous monitoring of the interval values. This network analyzer provides a tremendous amount of data, which requires significant transmission and storage capacity and requires high levels of expertise and expertise to evaluate it. Occurring quality disturbances - irrespective of whether caused by the supplier, the operator of the public network or the customer - are not to be identified by the evaluating personnel not only after considerable time because of the abundance of the offered information. As a result, the selection and initiation of suitable countermeasures can be delayed to an extent that leads to considerable technical and / or economic adverse effects for the customer and not infrequently also for the network operator or supplier.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, by continuous monitoring the electrical network and / or consumers improved information in the sense of predictive recognition and quick elimination to provide quality defects.

The The object is solved by the features of the independent claim, while the dependent claims advantageous embodiments of the invention are apparent.

at the method according to the invention become a variety of different characteristics of the current voltages and streams at the detection point by means of programmable microelectronic Means recorded and monitored at short intervals in relation to characteristic size-specific limits. The acquisition is microcomputer-supported according to known algorithms, such as Averaging and fast Fourier transform. The characteristic values of the parameters However, not with their query rhythm to higher-level memory and Processing devices (hereinafter referred to üSVEn) transmitted. In contrast, when quality-critical events occur, i.e. when leaving by means of quality-relevant limit values Range of values by selected Characteristics, timely characteristic and limit value-related Data transmitted to the üSVEn. According to the invention from all derived parameters one first group of first characteristics and a second group of second characteristics in terms of characteristic-specific Limits monitored. The trespassing the associated Limits through the first and second parameters leads to first and second Events with the result that first or second event data transmitted to the UEVEn become. The first event data contains i.a. Information about the event-triggering Characteristic, the associated Limit value, the time and duration of the limit violation. The second event data also contains i.a. Information about occurred Characteristic changes the event triggering Characteristic beyond of the associated Limit and over the date of re-entry of the parameter into the permitted range. When second events occur, moreover, by the üSVEn, both of which triggers the second event Detection point as well as selected further detection points to be monitored Supply network supplementary data third characteristics requested. The supplementary data contain information about recorded at short intervals third characteristics. The Selection of further detection points on the one hand and supplementary data on the other on the other hand is program-controlled depending on the type and location of the second Event. Furthermore be in greater regular intervals and independently from the occurrence of first and second events the characteristic values at least a subset of all derived parameters as state data to the UEVEn transferred. At all detection points of the supply network, the parameters are in the same As derived at the first-mentioned detection point, with respect to the occurrence of first and second events monitored as well as status data and, if necessary, supplementary data processed, so that in the supply network a manageable number of detection points is monitored according to the same process steps.

With the method according to the invention, the state data derived from the derived characteristic quantities and, on the other hand, the occurrence of first and second events, the characteristic-value and limit value-related event data are transmitted on a larger regular time interval, and additionally the event-describing supplementary data are transmitted to the UEVEn on the occurrence of second events. Thus, with sufficient continuity, a compressed energetic image of the supply network and, shortly after the occurrence of quality-critical energy states, numerous quality-relevant information is transferred to the UPS. In this case, the transmitted quality-relevant information after occurrence of second events by the additionally requested event-describing supplementary data is much more complex compared to the transmitted quality-relevant information after occurrence of first events. When using the method according to the invention, therefore, the extent of transmission, storage and processing of data over the prior art is essentially focused on quality-related events and thus technically and informatively manageable, but the usability and validity of the transmitted data are significantly increased. By erfindungsge On the one hand, meaningful data-critical information and, on the other, sufficient quasi-continuous status information are available.

By the accumulation of transmission according to the invention, Storage and processing on the quality-critical information the recognition becomes more quality critical energy states and greatly facilitating appropriate countermeasures and accelerates. In addition, the inventive method offers the possibility, the gained quality relevant Information and quasi-continuous state information yet to process and utilize in another beneficial way, for example for network calculation, for the simulation of the network behavior, for disturbance analyzes, for the Energy billing, load management, influencing technological Processes in terms of energy or for predictions on the behavior of the supply network structural and / or technological changes.

A advantageous development of the method according to the invention consists in kind and way of assigning the derived characteristics to the group of the first Characteristics and to the group of the second parameters. For the first Characteristics are those characteristics selected, the only of local importance for the quality the electric energy at the respective detection point. For the second Characteristics are on the other hand, those parameters are selected which from more comprehensive Meaning of the quality the electric energy for one over the larger part of the respective entry point of the supply network are. Conveniently, for the group the first characteristics overcurrents, fault currents and characteristics provided, those of voltage rms, fast voltage changes and voltage interharmonics. On the other hand are expediently for the Group of second parameters harmonic, Spectral components within a medium frequency range, total interference factors, Equal shares and asymmetry sizes provided. As third parameters for the supplementary data are preferably of fundamental, harmonics, interharmonics and mid-frequency spectral components derived quantities.

Preferably several become successive in the sequence of their periodic acquisition following characteristic values of the third parameters in chain memories in the Kind of shift registers for saved a progressive limited period of time. These temporal Characteristic sequences are formed after the occurrence of second events the requested supplementary data read. The supplementary data included then information about the behavior of the third parameters in the immediate temporal environment before and after the occurrence of the second event.

In advantageous embodiment are for the first, the second and the derived parameters of their quadratic averages, preferably averaged over several Seconds, where used for some first parameters too Instantaneous values and / or over an averaging time of, for example, a voltage period and sliding at a distance of, for example, a voltage half cycle formed RMS values are used. In contrast, for the after Occurrence of second events requested event descriptors supplementary data the arithmetic mean values of the third characteristics, preferably averaged over several seconds, used. This is the first and second event data as well as the supplementary data and the state data is largely free from accidental and short-term disturbances.

Conveniently, agrees with the polling period of the first and second parameters whose averaging time coincide, while the status data is transmitted at intervals of several minutes.

In Advantageous development of the invention takes place as possible early Signal quality-critical conditions an immediate one Report to the authorities, that at all a first or a second event has occurred.

to Obtaining a long-term energetic image of the supply network it is advantageous to enter data of all recorded parameters once a day to the people transferred to. From additional The advantage here is the transmission of information stored at the detection points of the kind how often associated with the respective event-triggering parameters Events or how often associated with predeterminable groups of event-triggering parameters Events occurred during the day.

The Invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the associated Drawing shows

1 a supply network with means arranged for carrying out the method according to the invention;

2 a structural flow diagram of the method according to the invention;

3 - 5 : detailed representations of individual process steps 2 ,

In 1 is a customer low chip -voltage supply network 2 shown that from a medium voltage line 4 via an incoming transformer 6 is supplied. To record the quality of the supply network 2 provided electric energy is at important detection points P0, P1, P2 to PN each a detection device 7 intended. The detection points P0 to PN are at points of the supply network 2 which are of considerable importance for the quality of electrical energy. So is the detection point P0 after the transformer 6 arranged near the feed. The majority of the remaining detection points P1 to PN are arranged close to electrical loads L1, L2 to LP, for example high-performance electric motors or power-controlled drives. At each detection point P0, P1, P2 to PN, with each phase conductor, ie with the three phase conductors and the neutral conductor, are voltage transformers 8th and current transformers 10 coupled. The voltage transformers 8th On the secondary side, phase voltages Uxz (t) 0, Uxz (t) 1, Uxz (t) 2 to Uxz (t) N, which are proportional to the instantaneous voltages appearing at the detection points P0, P1, P2 to PN between the phase conductors. The current transformers 10 On the secondary side, phase currents Ix (t) 0, Ix (t) 1, Ix (t) 2 to Ix (t) N, which are proportional to the instantaneous currents flowing at the detection points P0, P1, P2 to PN in the phase conductors, supply. The secondary phase voltages Uxz (t) 0 to Uxz (t) N and the secondary phase currents Ix (t) 0 to Ix (t) N become analog inputs of the associated detectors 7 fed.

The identically constructed detection devices 7 have analog-to-digital converters equipped with anti-aliasing filters on the input side 12 for the digital conversion of the secondary phase voltages Uxz (t) 0 to Uxz (t) N and phase currents Ix (t) 0 to Ix (t) N. To the AD converter 12 close digital measuring units 14 at. The measuring units 14 From the digital instantaneous values of the phase voltages Uxz (t) 0 to Uxz (t) N and phase currents Ix (t) 0 to Ix (t) N, digital characteristic values for a variety of electrical characteristics are continuously derived in a microprocessor-assisted manner known per se. These parameters are decisive for the evaluation of the quality of electrical energy. Most of the characteristics are generated over a detection time of 3 s with a detection distance of 200 ms. Other characteristic values are formed as instantaneous values and again other characteristic values than effective values over a detection time of 20 ms with a sliding detection distance of 10 ms. A large number of these parameters are in valuation units 16 compared with predefinable characteristic-based upper and / or lower limit values. When exceeding or falling below the limit values are determined by the valuation units 16 according to the method, value-related signals to processing and storage units 18 which, in addition, those of the measuring units 14 generated characteristic values are supplied.

The processing and storage units 18 generate microprocessor based on the characteristic values of the parameters and of the evaluation units 16 emitted signals data at certain intervals or under certain conditions by the detection devices 7 to distant places 20 be transmitted. The üSVEn 20 consist of several hierarchically arranged storage and processing levels, which can be distributed locally. The detection means P0, P1, P2 to and PN associated detection means 7 determine first events (first type events) or second events (second type events) when exceeding or undershooting a characteristic-limit value or, for changes beyond the limit values, depending on the type of associated parameter. After the occurrence of a first or a second event, a first event signal E10, E11, E12 or E1N or a second event signal E20, E21, E22 or E2N is output directly. With a process-related delay, on the other hand, extensive first event data De10, De11, De12 or De1N or second event data De20, De21, De22 or De2N are sent to the UEVEn.

The first event data De10 to De1N contain, in addition to information about the location or detection point of the first event, the triggering parameter, the exceeded or fallen below limit information about the time, the duration and the nature of the event. Optionally, the first event data De10 to De1N still contain information on the character (eg in the case of an event-triggering fault current: overcurrent, short-circuit, switch-on or rush current) and the time extent of the first event. The processing and storage units 18 have characteristic-related registers, in which the first events occurring at the respective detection point P0, P1, P2 and PN classified according to time duration and amount of Grenzwertüber- or Grenzwertunterschreitung counted and from the request in the üSVEn 20 be read out. The second event data De20 to De2N contain, in addition to information about the location or detection point of the second event, the triggering characteristic and the exceeded or fallen below threshold, the amount of the current Grenzwertüber- or limit below also information about the time, the type and possibly the Character of the event.

A first event signals the occurrence of a condition of only local significance for the quality of the electrical energy. It means that the causes and / or effects of the quality-critical state are limited to the immediate environment of the detection point triggering the first event. A second event, on the other hand, signals the occurrence of a condition that is of overarching importance for the quality of electrical energy. This means that the causes and / or the effects of the quality-critical condition can no longer be found solely at the triggering detection point. Upon receiving second event data De20 to De2N respectively, the UEs send 20 Therefore, in each case a request signal RQ to the detection devices 7 , According to a definable requirement pattern, the respective request signal RQ is modified as a function of the triggering parameter and the triggering detection point. By the respective request signal RQ are in addition both of the detection device 7 at the triggering point of detection as well as detection devices 7 At each selected additional detection points supplementary data Dz0, Dz1, Dz2 or DzN requested. The supplementary data Dz0 to DzN are processed and stored by the shift register equipped processing and storage devices 18 from the fair units 14 derived characteristic quantities and output after arrival of the request signal RQ. Thus, upon occurrence of a second event, which is generally more critical than a first event, much more extensive information will be passed to the user 20 to hand over. The extensive information allows an effective analysis of the causes of the quality-critical condition and a rapid and effective initiation of countermeasures.

The processing and storage facilities 18 all detection devices 7 Periodically, at intervals of 10 min, state data Dr0, Dr1, Dr2 and DrN are sent to the üSVEn 20 out. The state data Dr0 to DrN are from all of the measurement units 14 provided parameters by square averaging over 10 min. With the state data Dr0 to DrN is in the üSVEn 20 a quasi-continuous medium-term state image of the supply network 2 stored. The processing and storage facilities 18 all detection devices 7 Send once a day from all parameters the characteristic values in the form of daily data Dd0, Dd1, Dd2 to DdN to the üSVEn 20 , With the daily data Dd0 to DdN is in the üSVEn 20 a long-term statistical image of the supply network 2 stored. The daily data Dd0 to DdN additionally output the sums of first events ΣE10, ΣE11, ΣE12 to ΣE1N and sums of second events ΣE20, ΣE21, ΣE22 to ΣE2N which occurred during the day at the detection points P0, P1, P2 to PN. The first event data De10 to De1N and the second event data De20 to De2N with the supplementary data Dz0 to DzN allow in the context of the quasi-continuous state data Dr0 to DrN and the tag data Dd0 to DdN an effective analysis of quality-critical conditions with regard to quality-reducing causes. Subsequently, appropriate countermeasures for maintaining or re-attaining the required energy quality can be initiated.

In order to effectively carry out this complex process of data acquisition for quality evaluation, it suffices according to the method of the invention that, given sufficient quality of the electrical energy, only the state data Dr0 to DrN at intervals of 10 minutes and the daily data Dd0 to DdN at daily intervals to the UPS 20 be transmitted. Only when the quality of the electrical energy is insufficient, further data in the form of first event signals E10 to E1N and first event data De10 to De1N or second event signals E20 to E2N, second event data De20 to De2N and supplementary data Dz0 to DzN are generated and sent to the UEs 20 transmitted.

The course of the method according to the invention is in 2 represented by the near the energy feed detection point P0 and another, any detection point Pj. For the other detection points, similar processes result. The individual steps of the procedure are in 2 framed fields. A line emanating from a method step and entering it with an arrow indicates that this method step is repeated regularly.

At the Detection point P0 becomes the instantaneous values of the phase currents Ix (t) 0 and the phase voltages Uxz (t) 0 with continuous repetition a number of n derived parameters K (1) 0, K (2) 0 until K (n) 0 is generated. With the parameter m, an arbitrary characteristic K (m) denoted by all n derived parameters. From the set of derived parameters K (m) 0 is on the one hand a first subset of first characteristics K1 (1) 0, K1 (2) 0 to K1 (n1) 0 been established. With parameter m1, any characteristic K1 (m1) 0 is output all n1 first characteristics designated. The influence of the first parameters K1 (m1) 0 is regarding the quality the electric energy is essentially limited to the detection point P0. Out the set of derived characteristics K (m) 0 is another one second subset of second characteristics K2 (1) 0, K2 (2) 0 to K2 (n2) 0 been established. With parameter m2, any parameter K2 (m2) becomes 0 from all n2 second characteristics. The influence of the second parameters K2 (m2) 0 goes in terms of the quality the electric energy noticeably above the Detection point P0 addition.

At the Detection point P0 will be repeated checked, whether the characteristics of each first parameter K1 (m1) 0 beyond a quality-relevant associated m1-th limit value or limit value window are reached. Such a Case represents a first event, as a result of which a first Event signal E10, which is just the occurrence of a first event reports and, subsequently, their information content extensive first event data De1 (m1) 0 is output to the UEVEn become. The first event data De1 (m1) 0 contains i.a. Information about the first characteristic K1 (m1) 0 associated with the respective first event, which triggers the first event Detection point P0 and the time and duration of the first Event. Furthermore, monitoring is carried out with constant repetition, whether the characteristic values of every second parameter K2 (m2) 0 are beyond a quality-relevant one associated m2-th limit or limit window have passed, beyond of the limit or limit window noticeably change or again this side of the limit or limit window. Such a Case represents each a second event, as a result of a second event signal E20, which only the occurrence of a second Event reports, and subsequently with regard to their information content extensive second event data De2 (m2) 0 is output to the UEVEn. The second event data De2 (m2) 0 contains i.a. Information about the associated with the respective event second characteristic K2 (m2) 0 and which triggers the second event Detection point P0 and the time and duration of the second Event.

At Each detection point Pj is similarly made up of the phase currents Ix (t) j and the phase voltages Uxz (t) j derived characteristics K (1) j, K (2) j to K (n) j, from the set of which first characteristic quantities K1 (1) j, K1 (2) j to K1 (n1) j of local significance and second characteristics K2 (1) j, K2 (2) j to K2 (n2) j from locally more comprehensive Meaning selected are. Again, the first characteristics K1 (m1) j and the second Parameters K2 (m2) j with associated m1-th or m2-th limit values or limit value windows and when first or second events occur, first event signals E1j and first event data De1 (m1) j and second event signals E2j, respectively and second event data De2 (m2) j is output to the UEVEn.

At the Detection point P0 is still derived from the set of Characteristic values K (1) 0 to K (n) 0 a third subset of third characteristics K3 (1) 0, K3 (2) 0 to K3 (n3) 0 has been established. With the parameter m3 is any characteristic K3 (m3) 0 from all third parameters. As well is derived from the set of derived at any detection point Pj Characteristic values K (1) j to K (n) j a subset of third characteristics K3 (1) j, K3 (2) j to K3 (n3) j.

At the Reception of second event data De2 (m2) 0 from the detection point P0 enter the üSVEn Request signal RQ (m2; 0) off. The request signal RQ (m2; 0) is designed according to a requirement pattern to be specified, the both from the triggering second parameter K2 (m2) 0 as also from their place of origin, i. the detection point P0, depends. By the request signal RQ (m2; 0) will be the sending of supplementary Data to the UEVEn causes. The supplementary data are on the one hand issued by the second event triggering detection point P0 supplementary data Dz0, the extra event descriptive characteristics of according to the requirement pattern of the request signal RQ (m2; 0) selected from the third characteristics K3 (1) 0 to K3 (n3) 0. The supplementary On the other hand, data is according to the requirement pattern of the Request signal RQ (m2; 0) selected further detection points - for example also the detection point Pj - issued supplementary data Dzj. The supplementary data Dzj include additional event descriptive characteristics of according to the requirement pattern of the request signal RQ (m2; 0) selected from the third characteristics K3 (1) j to K3 (m3) j.

At the Reception of second event data De2 (m2) j from the detection point Pj gives the üSVEn against a request signal RQ (m2; j). The request signal RQ (m2; j) is also designed according to a requirement pattern to be specified, that both from the triggering second parameter K2 (m2) j as well as their place of origin, i. this time the detection point Pj, depends. By the request signal RQ (m2; j) again becomes the transmission from complementary Data to the UEVEn causes. The supplementary Data is made up of additional data Dzj, of the third characteristic K3 (1) j to K3 (n3) j are derived at the second event triggering point Pj, and from other supplementary data, those from the supplementary Characteristics at other Detection points are derived, together. To the additional data Supplementary data should be used in this example Dz0 belong, those of the third characteristic K3 (1) 0 to K3 (n3) 0 are derived at the detection point P0. Here too contain the supplementary data Dzj and Dz0 the second event supplementary descriptive characteristics from according to the request pattern of the request signal RQ (m2; j) selected the third characteristic K3 (1) j to K3 (n3) j or K3 (1) 0 to K3 (n3) 0.

In general, when receiving second event data De2 (m2) p originating from another arbitrary detection point Pp, the UEVEn outputs a request signal RQ (m2; p) the.

In greater distances from 10 min are from the detection point P0 and any detection point Pj state data Dr0 or Drj transmitted to the üSVEn. The status data Dr0 and Drj become 0 from the set of all derived characteristics K (m) or K (m) j generated and as a quasi-continuous state image of the supply network via longer Time, such as weeks or months, stored in the üSVEn. From there you can Status data Dr0 and Drj read out as needed and for example with current first event data De1 (m1) 0 or De1 (m1) j or current second event data De2 (m2) 0 or De2 (m2) j and associated supplementary data Dz0 and Dzj be related. In addition, the stored status data allow Dr0 and Drj, long and medium term trends in quality behavior to recognize the supply network.

In similar Ways become out of the set of all derived characteristics K (m) 0 or K (m) j at the detection point P0 and at any detection point Pj at 24 h daily data Dd0 and Ddj passed to the üSVEn and stored there for statistical purposes.

With 3 For the arbitrary detection point Pj, the method according to the invention is explained in the details relating to the detection of first events. The secondary-side instantaneous phase currents Ix (t) j and phase voltages Uxy (t) j are converted into digital instantaneous values by A / D conversion. A large part of the digital instantaneous values are subjected to a square average over 3 s at regular intervals of 200 ms. The quadratic averaged values and the remaining digital instantaneous values are assigned to the characteristic values of the derived characteristic quantities K (m) j. Of a part of the remaining instantaneous values, floating values are formed every 10 ms rms values over an averaging time of 20 ms. The RMS values, the remainder of the remaining instantaneous values and a part of the over 3 s square averaged values represent the characteristic values of the first parameters K1 (m1) j. The characteristic values of all first parameters K1 (m1) j are regularly repeated with the associated m1 Limits or threshold windows compared. If these are exceeded or fallen below, the output of first event signals E1j takes place immediately and subsequently the output of first event data De1 (m1) j to the UEVEn.

With 4 For the arbitrary detection point Pj, the method according to the invention is explained in the details relating to the detection of second events and the formation of statistical data. A first subset of the derived characteristic quantities K (m) j, which are formed by the quadratic over 3 s averaged digital instantaneous values, is assigned to the second characteristic quantities K2 (m2) j. The characteristic values of all second parameters K2 (m2) are set in regular repetition in relation to the associated m2 limit values or limit value windows. If characteristic values of the second parameters K2 (m2) j are outside or change outside or come back within these limits, the output of second event signals E2j takes place immediately and the output of second event data De2 (m2) j follows the üSVEn.

A second subset of over 3 s square-averaged characteristic values becomes another square one Averaging, this time over 10 min, subjected. The characteristic values thus obtained form all 10 minutes to the üSVEn output state data Drj. A third subset of over 3 s square-averaged characteristic values form the values issued to the UEs every 24 h Daily data Ddj.

With 5 For the arbitrary detection point Pj, the method according to the invention is explained in the details relating to the formation of supplementary data Dzj. A subset of the digitized instantaneous phase currents Ix (t) j and phase voltages Uxy (t) j are subjected to linear averaging over 200 ms every 200 ms. 15 of these 200 ms values are linearly averaged over 3 s. The characteristic values obtained are assigned to the third characteristics K3 (m3) j. The characteristics of the third characteristic K3 (m3) j are a shift register 22 or pass to a ring buffer. The data thus stored in the chain represent characteristic sequences of the third characteristics K3 (m3) j with time steps of 3 s. After receiving second event data De2 (m2) p from a detection point Pp, the üSVEn generates the request signal RQ (m2; p) after a filed request pattern sent. The detection point Pp is any one of the detection points P0, P1, ... Pj, ... PN. It is assumed that the request signal RQ (m2; p) requests additional data Dzj from the detection point Pj. On the one hand, the request signal RQ (m2; p) received at the detection point Pj effects that from the shift register 22 the chain-stored characteristic sequences of the third characteristic quantities K3 (m3) j are released for reading, and secondly a selection from the third characteristics K3 (m3) j is made according to their individual requirement pattern, the chain-stored characteristic values of which are provided for forming the supplementary data Dzj , The supplementary data Dzj thus provide a multi-point image of the selected third characteristics K3 (m3) j at the detection point Pj in a certain time before and after occurrence of the two occurring at the detection point Pp event.

It should also be noted that there is considerable overlap between the abovementioned first to fourth subsets of the over 3s square-averaged characteristic values of the derived parameters K (m) j. The shift registers 22 are part of the processing and storage units 18 out 1 ,

2

supply network

4

Medium voltage line

6

transformer

7

detector

8th

DC converter

10

Power converter

12

ADC

14

measuring unit

16

assessment unit

18

processing and storage unit

20

üSVEn

22

shift register

dd0 ... DdN

daily data

de10 ... De1N

first event data

DE20 ... De2N

second event data

Dr0 ... DrN

state data

dz0 ... DzN

supplementary data

E10 ... E1N

first event signal

E20 ... E2N

second event signal

Ix (t) 0 ... Ix (t) N

phase currents

K (m) 0 ... K (m) N

abgel. parameters

K1 (m1) 0 ... K1 (m1) N

first parameters

K2 (m2) 0 ... K2 (m2) N

second parameters

K3 (m3) 0 ... K3 (m3) N

third parameters

L1 ... LP

load

m; m1; m2; m3

parameter

P0 ... Pj ... PN

detection points

RQ; RQ (m2; p)

request signal

t

Time

Uxz (t) 0 ... Uxz (t) N

phase voltages

Claims (12)

Method for obtaining the quality of the electrical energy of a supply network ( 2 ) relevant information by means of voltage and current transformers ( 8th . 10 ) for detecting the instantaneous currents and voltages at a detection point (Pj), A / D converters ( 12 ) for conditioning the detected voltages (Uxz (t) j) and currents (Ix (t) j), microcomputers and memory blocks based functional groups ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) for the generation, analysis, evaluation and short-term and long-term storage of characteristic values of quality-related derived parameters (K (m) j) generated from the detected instantaneous voltages (Uxz (t) j) and currents (Ix (t) j) and for output of data, - whereby by periodic interrogation from the set of the derived characteristic quantities (K (m) j) of selected first characteristic quantities (K1 (m1) j) when exceeding associated limit values, first event data (De1j), the characteristic and limit value-related data about time and duration of the first events contained, generated and classified after time duration and amount of Grenzwertüber- or Grenzwertunterschreitung in characteristic registers are read in counted, characterized in that - the first event data (De1j) to higher-level storage and processing facilities ( 20 ) - in the following ÜSVEn - be transferred, - that by periodically interrogating from the set of derived parameters (K (m) j) selected second characteristics (K2 (m2) j) when exceeding associated limits, changes beyond the limits and Reentry on this side of the limits second event data (De2j), the characteristic and border-related data on the timing and amount of the current Grenzwertüber- or limit value undershooting of the second events contain generated, and to the üSVEn ( 20 ), that upon receiving second event data (De2j) by the UEVEn ( 20 ) in a predeterminable manner, depending on the event and the trigger point, both from the detection point (Pj) triggering the second event and from selected further detection points of the supply network ( 2 Supplementary data (Dzj) or (Dz0; Dz1; ... DzN) which are selected from selected third parameters (K3 (m3) j) or (K3 (m3) 0; K3 (m3) 1; ... K3 ( m3) N), requested and then sent to the UEVs ( 20 ), wherein the third characteristic quantities (K3 (m3) 0; K3 (m3) 1; ... K3 (m3) j; ... K3 (m3) N) are derived from the set of derived characteristic quantities (K (m) 0; K (m) 1; ... K (m) j; ... K (m) N) are formed at the detection points (P0; P1; ... Pj; ... PN), that in larger, the interrogation period of the first characteristic values (K1 (m1) j) and the second characteristic values (K2 (m2) j) state data (Drj) substantially exceeding, regular intervals of we at least a subset of the derived characteristics (K (m) j) to the UEVEn ( 20 ) and that at all detection points (P0, P1, ... PN) the detection of the voltages (Uxz (t) 0, Uxz (t) 1, ... Uxz (t) N) and currents (Ix ( t) 0, Ix (t) 1, ... Ix (t) N), the generation, analysis and evaluation of the quality-relevant parameters, the processing of the information obtained therefrom, including the generation of first event data (De10, De10, .. De1N), second event data (De20, De21, ... De2N) and state data (Dr0, Dr1, ... DrN) and their transmission to the UEVEn ( 20 ) and the request of supplementary data (Dz0; Dz1; ... DzN) caused by second event data (De20; De21; ... De2N) by the UES ( 20 ) same as at the said one detection point (Pj). Method according to the preceding claim, characterized by assigning parameters with the respective detection point (P0; P1; ... PN) limited quality-determining Influence on the first parameters (K1 (m1) 0; K1 (m1) 1; ... K1 (m1) N) and by assigning parameters via the respective detection point (P0; P1; ... PN) Influence on the second parameters (K2 (m2) 0; K2 (m2) 1; ... K2 (m2) N). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that as first characteristics (K1 (m1) 0; K1 (m1) 1; K1 (m1) N) of overcurrents, fault currents as well as of voltage rms values and / or fast voltage changes and / or voltage interharmonic derived quantities are. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that as second characteristics (K2 (m2) 0; K2 (m2) 1; K2 (m2) N) Voltage harmonics and / or voltage spectral components within a frequency range between 2 and 9 kHz and / or the total disturbance factor the voltage harmonic and / or the total disturbance factor of the current harmonics and / or DC and / or DC components and / or the between the phase conductors with each other and / or the neutral conductor occurring voltage rms values and / or between negative sequence and co-system and / or between zero system and co-system occurring Unbalance degree of the fundamental of voltage and / or current are provided. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that as third characteristic quantities (K3 (m3) 0; K3 (m3) 1; K3 (m3) N) from the fundamental and / or harmonics and / or Interharmonic derived active and reactive components of the voltages and / or the powers and / or spectral components between 2 and 9 kHz derived voltage amounts are provided. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristics of at least a part of the third Characteristics (K3 (m3) 0; K3 (m3) 1; ... K3 (m3) N) are stored periodically and the before and after a second event chain stored characteristic values at least part of the supplementary data (Dz0; Dz1; ... DzN). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic quantities derived (K (m) 0; K (m) 1; ... K (m) N) and the second characteristics (K2 (m2) 0; K2 (m2) 1; ... K2 (m2) N) are assigned averaged values, the first characteristics (K1 (m1) 0; K1 (m1) 1; ... K1 (m1) N), some quadratic parameters. Averages, partly instantaneous and partly moving RMS and the third characteristics (K3 (m3) 0; K3 (m3) 1; ... K3 (m3) N) arithmetic mean values are. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized that the quadratic averaging over a one-digit seconds range at a much shorter repetition rate and from quadratic means thus formed the arithmetic averaging also over a single digit range of seconds he follows. Method according to one of the preceding claims through a transfer of Status data (Dr0, Dr1, ... DrN) in one to two digit intervals. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case an immediate message about the occurrence of a first or second event to the UESn ( 20 ) he follows. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the transmission of data derived from all (K (m) 0; K (m) 1; ... K (m) N) to the üSVEn at daily intervals ( 20 ). Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in addition information about the cumulative occurrence of all the same characteristic attributable events or / and on the cumulative occurrence of all a same, pre-definable group of characteristics attributable events to the UESVEn ( 20 ) be transmitted.