DE102004013464A1 - Process and assembly for the preparation of animal feed pellets using organic grains, water and starch - Google Patents

Abstract

A process converts organic particles to feed pellets for animal consumption. The ingredients (1) are brought together and mixed (2), followed by the preparation (2a) and admixture (4) of a bonding agent. The resulting mass is then converted to pellets (6) by a press. Also claimed is a commensurate assembly for the preparation and production of the pellets. The bonding agent is e.g. starch. A typical recipe would include sugar beet, propionic acid, soya, tricitical, palm core, rape, sliced molasses, corn gluten feed, wheat starch, bakery residues, malt, calcium and vitamins.

Description

• – Vermischen von Grundbestandteilen einer Pelletmaterialmischung zu einer Pelletgrundmischung; und
• – Pressen der Pelletgrundmischung zu Pellets.

The invention relates to a method for producing pellets, in particular feed pellets, comprising the steps:

• - Mixing basic components of a pellet material mixture to form a basic pellet mixture; and
• - Pressing the basic pellet mixture into pellets.

The invention further relates to a Device for producing feed pellets, comprising a device for producing a pellet material mixture, and a press for Pressing the feed pellets from the pellet material mixture.

US-A-3,932,736 discloses a process for producing feed pellets in which grain is ground, mixed with other feed components and treated with steam. The starch is partially gelatinized in the grain by means of steam treatment. Gelatinization and toughness of the finished feed form are influenced by the moisture content of the grains. The resulting slurry is extruded through a tool in a pellet mill. The energy required to drive the pellet mill is affected by the moisture content of the slurry. If the porridge is too dry, more energy is required to extrude the pellet and the feed components are not bonded to one another, which results in a weak pellet, from which fragments, especially on the end faces, loosen, so-called "abrasion", or that completely apart falls and forms so-called "Grus". Neither abrasion nor greetings are eaten and represent a loss.

DE 693 19 758 discloses a method in which the moisture of the grain to be processed is measured and detected by a control device which controls an application of water to the grain in a conditioning device depending on the measured moisture. The controller also controls the amount of a surfactant that is added to the water prior to application. The moisture content of the continuously produced pellet material mixture of grain, water and surfactant remains approximately the same. In order to extrude the pellet material mixture in the pellet mill with as little energy expenditure as possible, the moisture content is increased. However, there are limits to the admissibility, currently 14.5% for feed in Germany, and a pellet that is too moist also becomes unstable, causing abrasion and horror.

DE 36 04 308 A1 relates to a method for producing animal feed pellets from waste from the food industry. The waste is first mixed into a base mass, crushed and sieved. Then a carrier is added, which is itself feed, in order to set a water concentration to be maintained. The carrier material ensures that the base mass has a plastically formable consistency, but remains free-flowing, so that a pelletizing device can be loaded. Other additives are added. The mixture is pelletized. The pellets are dried.

DE 42 01 410 A1 discloses a method of making feed or grit pellets comprising the steps; Chopping straw or hay, moistening the straw chop with a moist binding agent to a moisture content required for pelleting, and pelleting. The particles are bound using the moisture, which is introduced, for example, by adding water before the pressing process, which causes the straw components to swell. Additives such as starch can be added with the binder. The cell mass of the straw and the moist straw dust particles combine in the swollen state through the pressing process in a high-pressure press.

A first task of the present The invention consists in a method for producing feed pellets, to create, in which feed pellets under a particularly low Have energy generated. A second task of the present The invention is an apparatus for producing a pellet material mixture to create from which feed pellets, under a particularly low Have energy generated.

• – Vermischen von Grundbestandteilen einer Pelletmaterialmischung zu einer Pelletgrundmischung;
• – Zusetzen eines Bindemittels zur Pelletgrundmischung, um die Pelletmaterialmischung zu bilden; und
• – Pressen der Pelletmaterialmischung zu Pellets.

The invention achieves the first object with a method for producing pellets, in particular feed pellets, with the steps:

• - Mixing basic components of a pellet material mixture to form a basic pellet mixture;
• Adding a binder to the basic pellet mixture to form the pellet material mixture; and
• - Pressing the pellet material mixture into pellets.

The method according to the invention preferably comprises the step: preparation of a paste mixture. The paste mix forms in this embodiment of the method according to the invention the binder. Mixture of paste is a mixture of components to understand that after the start and possibly under special Conditions, such as the expiry of a predetermined swelling period and / or a predetermined temperature of the mixture, a special binding effect unfolded. For example, a mash, i.e. a porridge that Strength and has water, used as a paste mixture. The paste mix especially shows a starch paste which is a system of swollen starch granules in starch solution.

With the method according to the invention can feed pellets under particularly low raw material and Generate energy expenditure. For feed pellets from the pellet material mixture with the added binder, abrasion and grit are special low because the binder is the constituent of the pellet mixture, those in the method according to the invention forms a basic pellet mixture in which pellet material mixture binds; in particular, the binder binds the components after expiration a specified curing time, whereby the feed pellets have a particularly high strength and a formation of fragments is prevented. So that is to produce a certain amount amount of pellet material mixture required by feed pellets particularly low.

As components of the pellet material mixture cereal grains that are ground are suitable, for example. The ground cereal grains are collected and water and possibly other components according to the specified Pellet recipe are added.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention includes the preparation of the paste mixture: adding one Strength substance especially flour and water; and mixing the starch substance with the water to the paste mixture. Mixing starch substance and water in one embodiment includes: adding a part by weight strength substance to a maximum of five, preferably at most four, particularly preferably at most three parts by weight Water.

In one embodiment, mixing includes of starch substance and water: conveying of water in a cycle, and introduction of the starch substance in the water in the circuit. For example, the starch substance, which is held in a bulk container as a powder, for example as flour, from the container into the circulating in the circuit Water so quickly entered as the bulk container used or a feed line from to the bulk container the cycle allow it. In one embodiment, it works Water during the entry of the starch substance in the circuit at least twice, in particular five times to twenty-five, preferably ten to fifteen times around. This circulation results in a particularly uniform mixing of water with the starch substance achieved, which goes particularly well in the water in solution. Furthermore, in this embodiment a temperature of the paste mixture can be easily adjusted, for example by the paste mixture in one or more sections of the circuit heated becomes.

In one embodiment, the method according to the invention includes further: allowing the paste mixture to swell for a predetermined swelling period. After the specified swelling time has expired, the pellet material mixture, which contains the paste mixture, pressed to the feed pellets.

The step of releasing includes preferred: intermediate storage of the paste mixture before the paste mixture is added to the basic pellet mixture. In particular, the paste mixture essentially during the specified source duration cached. After caching the paste mixture is mixed with the basic pellet mixture and immediately processed into the feed pellets. The caching in one embodiment in a source tank or collection tank. In one embodiment the paste mixture in the tank at a predetermined temperature held, which can preferably be changed over time is. A duration of at least is, for example, the source duration half an hour to about a week, especially at least about three hours to about three days, especially at least given about eight to sixteen hours. In an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention becomes the paste mixture immediately after the paste mixture is prepared mixed with the basic pellet mixture to form the pellet material mixture.

In one embodiment, a temperature the paste mixture when preparing, especially when mixing the starch substance with the water, set to a predetermined temperature value, the a common one Room temperature, especially 22 ° C exceeds. The predetermined temperature value is approximately between 30 ° C and 90 ° C, and preferred between 40 ° C and 70 ° C. For example, the temperature of the paste mixture becomes about 50 ° C set. The setting of the specified temperature value for a embodiment Applying water or paste mixture in the circuit with water vapor. The steam heats the water or the paste mixture in the cycle. If the water or the paste mixture When the specified temperature is reached, the exposure to water vapor is reduced or interrupted as long as the temperature of the water or the paste mixture does not drop significantly below the specified temperature, or that The application of water vapor is stopped.

The addition is particularly preferred the paste mixture before pressing the pellet material mixture. Because in this case the friction of the pellet material mixture is about particularly low when passing through a press channel of a press, because the paste mixture acts as a lubricant, which increases the lubricity of the Pellet material mixture increased. Thus, energy loss due to friction is reduced and the required pressure energy is correspondingly lower. When entering of the pellet material mixture in the press shows the paste mixture a special binding effect in the pellet material mixture, so that a pressing pressure on the pellet material mix to make it fall apart or crumble of the feed pellets pressed by the press, in comparison with conventional Procedure is reduced.

In one embodiment of the method, the binder, in particular the Paste mixing, while mixing the basic components of the pellet material mixture. In this embodiment, the binder is added to feed pellets as long as possible before the pellet material mixture is pressed, without delaying the production process, so that the binder has as long a time as possible to develop its binding action until it is pressed, which is why the strength of the pellet material mixture is particularly high when the feed pellets are pressed is and the required amount of the applied pressing pressure is particularly low.

In one embodiment, the method has step after which the basic pellet mixture is molassed. Adding the binder, in particular the paste mixture, takes place, for example, immediately before or during the basic pellet mixture is molassed. The basic pellet mix with the molasses and that Binders are mixed into the pellet material mixture. For example becomes the paste mixture immediately after the paste mixture is prepared added to the basic pellet mixture immediately after adding molassed the paste mixture and with the paste mixture is mixed into the pellet material mixture.

In one embodiment, the method has step after which the basic pellet mixture is conditioned. The basic pellet mix is conditioned by adding water, for example liquid, applied as a mist or vapor to the basic pellet mixture becomes. Adding the binder, in particular the paste mixture, takes place, for example, during the basic pellet mixture is conditioned. The basic pellet mix and the binder are mixed into the pellet material mixture. Conditioning takes place shortly before the pellet material mixture is pressed to feed pellets. If the binder acts as a lubricant and the lubricity the pellet material mixture increases, is in this embodiment the work to be done during pressing is particularly low.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention the added binder, especially the paste mixture, dynamically mixed with the basic pellet mixture. With dynamic When mixed, the basic pellet mixture is less prone to form lumps and the binder is better distributed. So one becomes special uniform mixing of the basic pellet mixture with the binder, so that the resulting pellet material mixture can be conditioned particularly homogeneously and is easily expandable.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention the basic pellet mixture is pre-compacted before conditioning and the binder is during of pre-compression added. In this embodiment, the binder while conditioning particularly evenly with the basic pellet mixture mixed.

In a preferred embodiment the pellet material mixture becomes feed pellets before pressing cached. In this embodiment, one is special simple optimization of the binding effect of the binder in the pellet material mixture possible, because a duration of caching, during which the binding effect such as the paste mixture in the pellet material mixture, is adjustable. Moreover can different processing speeds of mixing and of the pressing can be compensated for by means of intermediate storage.

The feed pellets are at one embodiment after pressing, for example, cooled to a room temperature. The Feed pellets can be collected in a bulk container for transport. In one embodiment the feed pellets are transported to a packaging station in order to to be packed in bags at the packing station for distribution.

The steps of the method according to the invention can be grouped such that the procedure with time interruptions expires. For example, the grain can be ground at a first point in time and the ground grain can be at a second time liquid are added, the ground grain in the period between between the two points in time and / or from one mill to one Mixer using a truck or a conveyor belt is transported. The maximum duration of breaks between individual process steps is about hygienic requirements limited.

The invention comprises a device for making a paste mixture for use in a pellet material mixture, which can be processed into feed pellets, the device being a circulatory device for liquid is formed, having a first connection of the circuit device to a water reservoir, a second connection of the circuit device to a starch donor, a conveyor to promote of liquid in the circuit device, and an outlet from the circuit device. The starch donor is for example as a bulk container or as a feed line from the bulk container the circulatory device. In one embodiment the device has a circuit lock, which is for releasing or locking the circulatory device is controllable. Further points the device, for example, an outlet lock, which can be opened and Conclude the outlet is controllable.

An embodiment of the device for producing the paste mixture preferably has a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the circuit device, and one with the temperature sensor and possibly the control unit connected to the controllable lock in the outlet, which outputs an opening signal to the lock when a temperature value output by the temperature sensor to the control unit exceeds a predetermined temperature value. One embodiment of the device for producing the paste mixture has a steam supply device, by means of which steam can be introduced into the circuit device. For example, the device for producing the paste mixture comprises a collecting tank which is arranged in the region of the outlet in such a way that the collecting tank absorbs liquid from the circulation device. The collecting tank comprises, for example, a heating device, in particular a connection to the steam supply device. The collecting tank preferably further comprises a stirring element for circulating liquid, in particular the paste mixture, in the collecting tank.

The invention comprises a device for the production of a pellet material mixture which becomes feed pellets is processable with a mixing device for mixing components the pellet material mixture, the mixing device having a first Inlet for introducing the components of the pellet material mixture, in particular of basic components of the pellet material mixture, into the mixing device, a mixing element for mixing the components in the mixing device and an outlet for expanding the mixture through the outlet having; and with a receiving device for insertion a binder, in particular paste mixture, into the mixing device is provided so that the binder, in particular the paste mixture, from the mixing element with the rest Components of the pellet material mixture is mixed.

The device according to the invention enables Production of the pellet material mixture according to the method according to the invention for the production of feed pellets. From the pellet material mixture can be - how described above - feed pellets generate with particularly low raw material and energy consumption.

In one embodiment, the device the device according to the invention for producing the pellet material mixture to make a paste mixture. Here is for example the receiving device of the mixing device to the outlet of the Circulation device and / or connected to the outlet of the collecting tank or connected.

The mixing element is preferably the Mixing device for conveying of the components are formed from the inlet to the outlet. at this embodiment is the mixing device as a dynamic mixer with a conveying effect educated. For example, the mixing device is a conditioner trained in the water as liquid, as a mist or as a vapor is applied to the pellet mix while the pellet mix is from promoted the inlet to the outlet and mixed with the water vapor to form the basic pellet mixture becomes. If additional the binder is applied, the basic pellet mixture is also added mixed with the binder to form the pellet material mixture.

In one embodiment, the mixing device designed as a molassing device. In this embodiment the binder, in particular the paste mixture, for example added while the pellet mixture is molassed.

The receiving device is particularly preferred formed as a second inlet, which is downstream of the first admission for the basic pellet mixture from the basic components of the pellet material mixture is arranged. In this embodiment is the reception device for the binder, for example, positioned so that a lump formation minimized and the mixing of the binder into the basic pellet mixture is optimized.

In one embodiment is for dosing of the binder, a control device for controlling the supply of Binder provided. The control device is with a flow measuring station connected, the, for example inductively, the volume flow of the binder in a feed line to the receiving device for the binder measures. The control device is also provided with a drive device connected to the mixing device, so that the control device via the Volume flow of the basic pellet mixture in the mixing device, for example on the basis of a screw speed of the mixing device, is informed. Furthermore, the control device is in one embodiment with a moisture measuring device for measuring the moisture the one promoted by the snail Basic pellet mix combined. The control device controls the Feeding of binder in such a way that the pellet material mixture is due of the fed Binder has a predetermined property; for example a predetermined humidity if a paste mixture is used as the binding agent is used.

The invention comprises a device for producing feed pellets, comprising: a feed line to the Supply of basic components of a pellet material mixture, in particular from a collection container, a device according to the invention for producing the pellet material mixture with a basic pellet mixture from the basic components of the pellet material mixture and with a Paste mixture, and a press for pressing the feed pellets from the pellet material mixture.

• – Mühle zum Mahlen von Korn für eine Pelletgrundmischung;
• – Mischer mit einem Sammelbehälter zum Sammeln des gemahlenen Korns und zur Aufnahme von Flüssigkeit, und mit einer Mischeinrichtung, die dynamisch ausgebildet ist und die zum Mischen des gemahlenen Korns mit der Flüssigkeit zu einer Pelletgrundmischung vorgesehen ist;
• – Vorbehälter zum Zwischenspeichern der gesammelten Pelletgrundmischung, bevor die Pelletgrundmischung kontinuierlich weiterverarbeitet wird;
• – erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Kleistermischung;
• – erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Pelletmaterialmischung unter Zusatz der Kleistermischung als Bindemittel;
• – Konditioneur und/oder Nachbehälter zum Zwischenspeichern der Pelletmaterialmischung, um eine optimale Wirkung der Kleistermischung in der Pelletmaterialmischung zu erzielen;
• – Materialpresse mit wenigstens einem Presskanal zum Aufnehmen der Pelletmaterialmischung und zum Herauspressen der Pelletmaterialmischung durch den Presskanal aus der Materialpresse, sodass ein Materialstrang aus dem Presskanal tritt, und mit einer Trenneinrichtung zum Teilen des Materialstrangs in die Pellets, wenn der Materialstrang aus dem Presskanal tritt;
• – Gebläse zum Kühlen der Pellets; und
• – Abfülleinrichtung zum Sammeln der Pellets in einer Verpackung.

The device according to the invention for producing feed pellets is preferably designed as a component of a plant for producing feed pellets; the system has, for example, some or all of the following components:

• - Grinder for grinding grain for a basic pellet mixture;
• - Mixers with a collecting container for collecting the ground grain and for the absorption of liquid, and with a mixing device which is dynamically designed and which is provided for mixing the ground grain with the liquid to form a basic pellet mixture;
• - Storage tank for temporarily storing the collected basic pellet mixture before the basic pellet mixture is continuously processed;
• - Device according to the invention for producing a paste mixture;
• - Device according to the invention for producing a pellet material mixture with the addition of the paste mixture as a binder;
• - Conditioners and / or secondary containers for temporarily storing the pellet material mixture in order to achieve an optimal effect of the paste mixture in the pellet material mixture;
• Material press with at least one press channel for receiving the pellet material mixture and for pressing the pellet material mixture out of the material press through the press channel so that a strand of material emerges from the press channel, and with a separating device for dividing the strand of material into the pellets when the strand of material emerges from the press channel;
• - blower for cooling the pellets; and
• - Filling device for collecting the pellets in a package.

The means of this exemplary Plant-produced feed pellets are elongated in one embodiment and their cross section corresponds to the cross section of the press channel of Material Press; for example, the pellets are cylindrical with a circular Cross section formed.

The components of the system can be such be grouped so that the entire system is not in the same place is constructed. For example, the grinder can be used to grind grain a first location and the mixer with the collection container can are in a second location, the ground grain of the mill to the mixer by truck or by conveyor belt is transported.

The invention further includes one Paste mixture for use as a binder in a pellet material mixture, in particular using the manufacturing method according to the invention and / or by means of the manufacturing device according to the invention. The paste mixture preferably consists of components of a predetermined one Pellet formulation, because then the utility value of feed pellets is maximized is that from the pellet material mixture according to the invention be generated. The recipe for The feed pellet is put together with the goal of being fed Animal a balanced diet and includes, for example, rapeseed, soybean meal, sunflower meal, Beet pulp, Milo, corn, oats, barley and / or wheat, and water to a given Amount of nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, fat, raw fibers, minerals, vitamins etc. in the feed, which is optimized for the application is. The recipe preferably has a high proportion of secondary products the food industry because the secondary products are particularly inexpensive. In one embodiment shows the paste mixture during a reserve for application to the pellet base mixture Temperature at which the rate of binding of the Is optimized without affecting the nutrients.

If the pellet material mix is provided for example for the production of feed pellets one embodiment the paste mixture flour as a first ingredient and water as a second component. For example, flour is either Wheat flour or potato flour or rye flour or a mixture provided at least two of the above types of flour. At a Embodiment is the weight ratio of Flour to water in the paste mixture one to a maximum of five. Preferably is The relationship one to a maximum of four, and particularly preferably one to a maximum of three. The latter relationship is particularly advantageous because the effect of the paste is special strongly and a lump formation in the paste mixture still largely is avoided. In one embodiment the specified temperature corresponds to a normal room temperature, in particular 22 ° C. at a preferred embodiment the given temperature is the usual one Room temperature. The temperature of the paste mixture is preferably between 50 ° C and 90 ° C, particularly preferably between 60 ° C. and 80 ° C, and most preferably the temperature is about 70 ° C because so on the one hand the binding effect occurs particularly quickly and on the other hand the nutrients are particularly well preserved. The temperature above room temperature leads to, that the surface tension and the viscosity the paste mixture are reduced, resulting in an improved effect of wetting.

• – Zusammengeben der Bestandteile der Kleistermischung;
• – Mischen der Bestandteile zu der Kleistermischung; und
• – Quellenlassen der Kleistermischung während einer vorgegebenen Quelldauer.

The invention further comprises a method for preparing the paste mixture according to the invention, in particular in order to use the paste mixture in the method according to the invention for producing a pellet material mixture, with the steps:

• - combining the components of the paste mixture;
• - Mixing the ingredients to the paste mixture; and
• - allowing the paste mixture to swell for a predetermined swelling duration.

In one embodiment, the swelling duration is at least about half a period of time Hour up to about a week; in a preferred embodiment, at least about three hours to about three days, and most preferably at least about twenty hours to about thirty hours. One would expect that a fermentation process expected during the swelling should have an adverse effect on the effect of the paste mixture. However, it has surprisingly been found that the effect of the paste mixture in the pellet material mixture is significantly improved if the paste mixture is given time to swell before being added to the basic pellet mixture. The above-mentioned periods of swelling thus allow the effect of the paste mixture to be optimized. The strength of pellets from the pellet material mixture with the paste mixture according to the invention then becomes particularly high, so that less paste mixture is required to achieve a desired strength.

The invention further includes one Basic pellet mix for use in a manufacturing process a pellet material mixture, in particular the production method according to the invention, in particular using the manufacturing device according to the invention, the basic pellet mixture of components according to a given pellet recipe, and being the ingredients chosen according to type and scope are that the pellet base mixture by adding the paste mixture according to the invention can be supplemented to the specified pellet recipe. If this basic pellet mix with the complementary Paste mixture is mixed to the pellet material mixture is maximizes the utility of feed pellets from the pellet material mixture of the invention are generated because the pellet material mixture contains no unnecessary components having.

The invention further includes a Feed pellet, which consists of a pellet material mixture that on the pellet base mixture according to the invention based. The basic pellet mixture is used to form the pellet material mixture the paste mixture according to the invention added, and the paste mixture is in the basic pellet mixture mixed so that the paste mix - preferably the pellet mix according to a given Pellet recipe - too of the pellet material mixture. The pellet material mixture by means of the production method according to the invention is preferred and / or using the manufacturing device according to the invention manufactured.

In particular, the paste mix works an improved binding of moisture in the feed pellets according to the invention. Therefore, the feed pellets according to the invention can be stored better. For example, this occurs when conventional feed pellets are stored The problem is that in a storage silo, moisture is released during the day the feed pellets escapes, evaporates and at night on an inner wall of the storage silo condensed. Condensation formed on the inner wall runs on the conventional feed pellets stored in the storage silo and favors a mold formation. When storing the feed pellets according to the invention less condensed water is formed in the storage silo because the feed pellets according to the invention are able to hold the moisture better, and thus the formation of mold reduced.

The invention encompasses the use feed pellets according to the invention as feed for Animals, in particular for food of farm animals. Because abrasion and debris are minimized in the feed pellets is the value in use of a pellet quantity filled for sale especially high. Because of the paste mixture, the feed pellets according to the invention have Moreover a particularly high proportion of gelatinized starch and are so special digestible.

In one embodiment, the pellets according to the invention intended for use as fuel in kilns. The pellets according to the invention are particularly advantageous because when handling the pellets dust and other Dirt development is particularly low. The use is too particularly safe because the danger of a dust explosion when Loading of the oven is minimized.

The invention finally includes a Animal, in particular farm animal, which is based on pellets according to the invention nourished is. Because the pellets according to the invention particularly digestible are feeding animals are particularly healthy on the basis of these pellets. The improved Health increased the lifespan of the animal and in particular the utility value of the livestock.

The following are exemplary embodiments the invention with reference to the drawings. About the drawings:

1 shows a block diagram of a method for producing feed pellets, according to exemplary embodiments of the invention;

2 shows a flow diagram of a first section of the method 1 according to a first embodiment of the method according to the invention;

3 shows a flow diagram of a second section of the method 1 according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention;

4 shows a flow diagram of a third section of the method 1 according to a third embodiment of the method according to the invention;

5 shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of the inventive method for preparing a paste mixture; and

6 shows a flow diagram of the method according to the invention for producing feed pellets according to the second exemplary embodiment ( 3 ) including the embodiment of Ver to apply a paste mixture ( 5 ).

In the exemplary process for producing feed pellets, in a first process step 1 Basic components, for example various ground cereals 12a . 12b as well as a flour 13 of the pellet material mixture ( 6 ), in particular in a first process step 1 a predetermined amount of feed grain is ground. The ground grain 12a . 12b is in a second step 2 for example with water to a basic pellet mixture 19 mixed and in a third step 3 in a reservoir 22 available for continuous processing. Furthermore, in a first parallel step 2a a paste mix 23a . 23b set by the flour 13 is mixed with water. In a second parallel step 3a becomes the paste mixture 23b in a collecting tank 30 cached. In a fourth step 4 becomes the basic pellet mix 19 from the reservoir 22 continuously removed and to form a feed molasses 25 molasses. In a fifth step 5 becomes the feed molasses 25 conditioned. The conditioned feed molasses 25 ' finally becomes the feed pellets in a sixth process step 43 pressed. The pressed feed pellets 43 in a further process step (in 1 . 6 not shown) cooled.

The method is carried out, for example, on a plant for producing feed pellets, which are cut into sections in the 2 to 5 is shown. The facility includes:

• - a mill (not shown) for grinding grain 12a . 12b for the basic pellet mix 19 ;
• - a mixing section ( 2 ) with a collecting container 14 for collecting the ground grain 12a . 12b , further with a mixing device 16 which is a dynamic mixing screw 17 has to the ground grain 12a . 12b with the liquid to the basic pellet mixture 19 to mix, and a secondary container 18 for collecting the basic pellet mixture 19 ;
• - a plant for the production of paste ( 5 ) with a liquid container 71 for water or paste mixture 23a , a solids container 73 for flour 13c , a disperser 75 for mixing / feeding in the flour 13c into the water or the paste mixture, a liquid cycle 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 for the water or the paste mixture and a collecting tank 30 for temporarily storing the paste mixture 23b ;
• - a molassing section ( 3 ) with a reservoir 22 , a mill 24 , a molassing device 26 that a first with the mill 24 connected receiving opening 31a and a dynamic mixing screw 27 for molassing the basic pellet mixture 19 and a second receiving opening 31b to which a paste processing line 93 from the collection tank 30 is connected, and with a buffer silo 28 to hold the molasses 25 .
• - a press section ( 4 ) with a conditioner 36 for conditioning the molasses 25 , the conditioner 36 a dynamic mixing screw 37 has by a drive 34 is driven, further with a press device 38 for pressing the feed pellets 43 from the conditioned molasses 25 ' , a cooling device 42 for cooling the pressed feed pellets 43 , a dump 44 and a conveyor line 46 for conveying the pellets to a bulk goods packing station (not shown).

In a first exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention, a paste mixture is used 23 in a step A - as in 1 shown - added during the process step 2 expires. This embodiment is in 2 depicted a collector 20 shows in which the paste mixture 23 is held. From the collector 20 the paste mixture into the mixing device 16 directed so that the paste mixture 23 during the formation of the basic pellet mixture 19 from the ground grain 12a . 12b is added and together with the basic pellet mixture 19 the pellet material mixture forms that in the secondary container 18 is collected. To control the added amount of the paste mixture 23 in one embodiment, the line has control means and a controlled pump (in 2 not shown). Because the paste mix 23 in this exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention, comparatively long before the pressing of the feed pellets 43 is added from the pellet material mixture, the swelling time to optimize the binding effect of the paste is maximized without a delay in the process, so that a particularly low pressing work is sufficient to the pellet material mixture to the feed pellets 43 to press.

In a second embodiment of the method according to the invention ( 6 ) the paste mixture 23 in a step B - as in 1 shown - added during the process step 4 expires ( 6 ). This is in 3 depicted the collector 30 shows in which the paste mixture 23 is held. From the collector 30 becomes the paste mixture 23 through the paste processing line 93 and the second receiving opening 31b into the molassing device 26 directed so that the paste mixture 23 while molassing the pellet mix 19 is added and together with the molasses of the basic pellet mixture 19 the pellet material mixture 25 forms. To control the added amount of the paste mixture 23 has the paste processing line 93 in one embodiment, control means and a controlled pump on (in 3 not shown).

In a third embodiment of the method according to the invention, the paste mixture 23 in a step C - as in 1 shown - added during the process step 5 expires. This is in 4 depicted a collector 40 shows in which the paste mixture 23 is held. From the collector 40 becomes the paste mixture 23 in the conditions 36 directed so that the paste mixture 23 is added during the conditioning of the molasses and together with the molasses the pellet material mixture 25 ' forms. To control the added amount of the paste mixture 23 in one embodiment, the paste processing line has control means and a controlled pump (in 4 not shown). Because the paste mix 23 only comparatively shortly before pressing the feed pellets 43 from the pellet material mixture 25 ' is added is the lubricity of the pellet material mixture 25 ' particularly high, so that the required pressing work is minimized. The pressed feed pellets are in the cooling device 42 about cooled by a cooling fan, and fall over the dump 44 on the conveyor line 46 , which conveys the feed pellets to a bulk goods packing station (not shown), at which the feed pellets are packaged.

The invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments or variants of the embodiment of the 2 to 4 limited where the paste mix 23 alternatively in steps A, B or C 1 is added. In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the paste mixture 23 added, for example, both in step A and in step C. In this way, the advantages of the first and third embodiments described above are combined.

5 shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of the inventive method for preparing a paste mixture, for example, from three parts by weight of water and one part by weight of flour 13 consists. The process for preparing the paste mixture forms part of the process according to the invention for producing feed pellets (cf. 6 ).

The process for preparing the paste mixture is carried out on a system for the production of paste. This system has a fresh water supply line 51 on, a liquid container 71 through the fresh water supply line 51 can be supplied with fresh water through a first inlet, a dispersing device designed as a vane pump 75 passing through a first circular line section 81 with an outlet of the liquid container 71 is connected to a solids container 73 , its outlet by means of a solids supply line 53 with the disperser 75 is connected, a second, third and fourth circular line section 82 . 83 respectively. 84 , which are connected in series and an outlet of the disperser 75 with a second inlet of the liquid container 71 connect. At the connection of the second circular line section 82 with the third circuit section 83 opens a steam supply line 52 into the circuit through which steam comes from a steam source 72 can be supplied. At the connection of the third section of the circular line 83 with the fourth circular line section 84 is a temperature measuring station 53 arranged and a paste drain line 91 is branched off from the circular line. The paste drain line 91 flows into the collector 30 , from whose outlet the paste processing line 93 leads to a processing station (not shown). The circular line section 84 and the paste drain line 91 each have a first and a second controllable flap 63 respectively. 64 to open or close the respective line 84 respectively. 91 are trained.

The mode of operation of the paste production plant is described below, the second controllable flap 64 is initially set so that it is the paste drain line 91 closes. The first controllable flap 63 is initially set so that the fourth section of the circuit 84 is open. Through the fresh water supply 51 is a predetermined amount of fresh water in the liquid container 71 directed and collected there; A corresponding amount of flour is placed in the solids container 13 available - in the present example about a third weight of flour of the weight of the specified amount of fresh water.

If the liquid container 71 and the solids container 73 are filled according to the specification, the disperser 75 turned on. The disperser 75 sucks water from the liquid container 71 and flour 13 from the solids container 73 through the lines 81 respectively. 53 , mixes these components and pushes the mixture through the second circuit section 82 , the third section of the circular line 83 and the fourth circuit section 84 to the liquid container 71 , At the junction of the second circuit section 82 to the third circuit section 83 steam is applied to the mixture from the steam source 72 through the steam supply line 52 is introduced. At the junction of the third circuit section 83 to the fourth circuit section 84 measures the temperature measuring station 53 the temperature of the mixture. The mixture circulates in the circular line for so long 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 with the liquid container 71 until the temperature measuring station 53 measures a given temperature. For example, the predetermined temperature corresponds to the temperature at which the paste mixture 23 the basic pellet mix 19 should be added. When the specified temperature is reached, the mixture forms the paste mixture 23 ,

The second mouth 64 is controlled in an open position so that the paste mixture through the paste drain line 91 to the collector 30 flows. In addition, the first flap 63 controlled in a closed position so that the paste mixture does not go back into the liquid container 71 flows. If the liquid container 71 is emptied, the disperser 75 switched off. From the collector 30 arrives the paste mixture 23 through the outlet of the collector 30 and the paste processing line 93 to the paste processing station (in 5 not shown) on which the paste mixture 23 the basic pellet mix 19 to form the pellet material mixture 25 is added. The paste mixture can 23b in the collector 30 cached to the paste mixture 23b to swell for a predetermined duration.

In an alternative embodiment, the paste mixture 23 from the district administration 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 through a connecting line when a predetermined quality of the paste mixture is reached 23 , in particular with regard to temperature, homogeneity, swelling state or binding property and / or the like, passed directly to the paste processing station. This embodiment does not require a collector and enables continuous operation.

Depending on the choice of the additional point in the course of the feed pellet production process, for example according to variant A, B or C of 1 , the composition of the paste mixture 23 be differently trained.

If paste mix 23 If several points A, B, C are added, various paste mixtures can be added.

An embodiment of a pellet formulation comprises the following components: Sugar beet molasses 3% propionic 0.15% soybean meal 8.6% triticale 12.5% palm kernel expeller 5% rapeseed meal 5% molasses 8th% Cornglutenfeed 20% wheat bran 19.7% Bakery meal 10% Wheat semolina bran 5% malt sprouts 2% feed lime 1% vitamins 0.05%

For example, a 5% share of the pellet formulation is in the paste mixture 23 , This portion is formed, for example, by corn gluten feed. The corngluten feed is used in the above-described method for preparing a paste mixture 23 three times the weight of water added to the paste mixture 23 to build. The remaining components of the pellet recipe become the basic pellet mix 19 mixed.

The paste mix 23 becomes the basic pellet mixture as described above 19 added to the pellet mix 25 to build. From the pellet material mixture 25 become feed pellets 43 pressed and the feed pellets are dried, adding the water to the paste mixture 23 leaves the feed pellets until the feed pellets 43 have a predetermined humidity, for example 14.5%. Because of the addition of the paste mixture 23 the energy consumption when pressing the feed pellets is low, the predetermined moisture is from the feed pellets 43 well kept so that a risk of mold on the feed pellets is minimized, and the feed pellets 43 are particularly digestible, so with these feed pellets 43 nourished farm animals are fed a particularly healthy diet and achieve a particularly high utility value.

The above information is for reference only an example of execution the invention; the expert can within the scope of the invention depending on underlying pellet formulation and taking into account process engineering Select specifications other components and / or proportions to carry out the invention.

• – Vermischen von Grundbestandteilen der Pelletmaterialmischung zu einer Pelletgrundmischung;
• – Ansetzen einer Kleistermischung;
• – Zusetzen der Kleistermischung zur Pelletgrundmischung, um die Pelletmaterialmischung zu bilden; und
• – Pressen der Pelletmaterialmischung zu den Futterpellets.

The invention thus relates to a method for producing feed pellets from a pellet material mixture according to a predetermined pellet recipe. The procedure includes, for example:

• - Mixing basic components of the pellet material mixture into a pellet basic mixture;
• - preparation of a paste mixture;
• Adding the paste mixture to the basic pellet mixture to form the pellet material mixture; and
• - pressing the pellet material mixture to the feed pellets.

The invention further comprises a device for producing feed pellets, comprising a device for producing a pellet material mixture according to a predetermined pellet recipe from a pellet base mixture and a paste mixture, and a press for pressing the feed pellets from the pel letmaterialmischung.

Claims (31)

Process for producing feed pellets ( 43 ) from a pellet material mixture ( 25 ) according to a given pellet recipe, with the steps: - mixing ( 2 ) of basic components of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) to a basic pellet mix ( 19 ); - preparation of a paste mixture ( 23 ); - adding (A, B, C) the paste mixture ( 23 ) to the basic pellet mix ( 19 ) to mix the pellet material ( 25 ) to build; and - presses ( 6 ) the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) to the feed pellets ( 43 ). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation of the paste mixture ( 23 ) includes: - adding a starch substance, especially flour ( 13 ), and water; and - mixing the starch substance with the water to form the paste mixture ( 23 ). A method according to claim 2, characterized in that mixing starch substance and water includes: - Admit it a part by weight of starch substance to a maximum of five, preferably at most four, particularly preferably at most three parts by weight Water. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the mixing of starch substance and water includes: - Pumping water in a circuit ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ); and - entering the starch substance in the in the circuit ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) pumped water. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the water during the introduction of the starch substance in the circuit ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) rotates at least twice, in particular five times to twenty-five times, preferably ten times to fifteen times. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by: - allowing the paste mixture to swell ( 23 ) during a given swelling period before the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) to the feed pellets ( 43 ) is pressed. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the step of swelling includes: - temporarily storing the paste mixture ( 23 ), essentially during the specified swelling period, especially in a collection tank ( 30 ) before the paste mix ( 23 ) the basic pellet mix ( 19 ) is added. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that a duration of at least about half as the swelling duration Hour up to about a week, preferably at least about three hours up to about three days, particularly preferably at least about eight up to sixteen hours. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by: setting a temperature of the paste mixture ( 23 ) when preparing, especially when mixing the starch substance with the water, to a predetermined temperature value that exceeds a usual room temperature, in particular 22 ° C. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the specified temperature value between 30 ° C and 90 ° C, preferably between 40 ° C and 70 ° C, very particularly preferably at about 50 ° C lies. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that that setting the specified temperature value includes: - Apply of water in the circuit with water vapor. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the addition (A) of the paste mixture ( 23 ) during mixing ( 2 ) the basic components of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) he follows. Method according to one of the preceding claims, with the step: - molassing ( 4 ) the basic pellet mixture; characterized in that the addition (B) of the paste mixture ( 23 ) while molassing ( 4 ) the basic pellet mix ( 19 ) he follows. Method according to one of the preceding claims, with the step: - conditioning ( 5 ) the basic pellet mixture; characterized in that the addition (C) of the paste mixture ( 23 ) during conditioning ( 5 ) the basic pellet mix ( 19 ) he follows. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the added paste mixture ( 23 ) with the basic pellet mixture ( 19 ) is mixed dynamically. Method according to one of the preceding claims, with the step: - pre-compressing the pellet base mixture ( 19 ); characterized in that the addition of the paste mixture ( 23 ) during pre-compression of the basic pellet mixture ( 19 ) he follows. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the step: - intermediate storage of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) before pressing the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) to feed pellets ( 43 ). Device for producing a paste mixture ( 23 ) for use in a pellet material mixture ( 25 ) which can be processed into feed pellets, the device being used as a circulation device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) is designed for liquid, having a first connection ( 81 ) the circulation device to a water reservoir ( 51 ), a second connection ( 53 ) the circulatory device to a starch substance dispenser ( 73 ), a conveyor ( 75 ) for conveying liquid in the circulation device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ), and an outlet ( 91 ) from the circulatory device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ). Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized by a circuit lock ( 63 ) to release or lock the circulatory device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) is controllable. Device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized by an outlet lock ( 64 ) to open or close the outlet ( 91 ) is controllable. Device according to claim 20, characterized by a temperature sensor ( 53 ) for detecting a temperature in the circuit device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ), and one with the temperature sensor ( 53 ) and with the exhaust lock ( 64 ) connected control unit, which then sends an opening signal to the lock ( 64 ) outputs if one of the temperature sensors ( 53 ) temperature value output to the control unit exceeds a predetermined temperature value. Device according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized by a steam supply device ( 52 . 72 ), by means of which steam enters the circulation device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) can be entered. Device according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized by a collecting tank ( 30 ) in the area of the outlet ( 91 ) is arranged in such a way that the collecting tank ( 92 ) Liquid from the circulatory device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) records. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the collecting tank ( 30 ) has a heating device, in particular a connection to the steam supply device ( 52 . 72 }, and further preferably a stirring element for circulating the liquid in the collecting tank ( 30 ). Device for producing a pellet material mixture ( 25 ) which can be processed into pellets, in particular feed pellets, with a mixing device ( 16 . 26 . 36 ) for mixing ( 2 . 4 . 5 ) components of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ), the mixing device ( 16 . 26 . 36 ) a first inlet for introducing basic components of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) in the mixing device ( 16 . 26 . 36 ), a mixing element ( 17 . 27 . 37 ) for mixing the components in the mixing device ( 16 . 26 . 36 ) and has an outlet for expanding the mixture through the outlet, characterized by a receiving device ( 31 ) that are used to introduce a paste mixture ( 23 ) in the mixing device ( 26 ) is provided so that the paste mixture ( 23 ) from the mixing element ( 27 ) with the basic components of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) in the mixing device ( 26 ) is mixed. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the receiving device as a second Inlet ( 31b ) of the mixing device ( 26 ) is formed, which is downstream of the first inlet ( 31a ) is arranged. Device according to claim 25 or 26, characterized by a device designed according to one of claims 18 to 24 for producing a paste mixture ( 23 ), the receiving device ( 31 ) of the mixing device ( 26 ) to the outlet ( 91 ) of the circulatory device ( 81 . 82 . 83 . 84 ) and / or the outlet ( 93 ) of the collection tank ( 30 ) connected. Device for producing feed pellets ( 43 ), comprising - a supply line for supplying basic components of a pellet material mixture ( 25 ), especially from a collection container ( 22 ), - a device according to one of claims 25 to 27 for producing the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) with a basic pellet mixture ( 19 ) from the basic components of the pellet material mixture ( 25 ) and with a paste mixture ( 23 ), and - a press ( 38 ) for pressing the feed pellets ( 43 ) from the pellet material mixture ( 25 ). Device according to claim 28, characterized in that the device for performing of the method according to one of claims 1 to 17. Food pellet ( 43 ), which is produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17. Farm animal based on feed pellets ( 43 ) is fed according to claim 30.