DE102004001262A1 - Process for depositing a fiber forming element in an open rotationally symmetrical recess on a radial inside end of a component useful in gas turbine technology - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for depositing (sic) at least one fiber forming element (21) in an open rotationally symmetrical recess (23) on a radial inside end of a component (24), especially in the production of MMC (sic) components, where the recess is filled with the fiber forming element applied by centrifugal force. An independent claim is included for a device for depositing the fiber forming element as described above.

Description

The The invention relates to a method for depositing at least one fibrous element in a recess of a component according to the preamble of the claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of MMC components according to the preamble of claim 9. Des Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for storing at least a fibrous one Elements in a recess of a component according to the preamble of patent claim 11.

modern Turbomachinery, especially gas turbines such as aircraft engines, must meet the highest demands in the In terms of reliability, Weight, performance, economy and durability meet. To meet the above requirements for a gas turbine, in particular a Optimized weight of the same, gas turbine components have to be achieved in terms of be optimized to the above requirements. This plays under the selection of materials and the search for new, suitable ones Materials a crucial role.

Out the prior art, it is already known, for weight optimization as a material for gas turbine components so-called fiber-reinforced To use composite materials. Such composites have a Support material which is formed as a metal matrix, as well as in the support material embedded fibers. Such a composite material called also called metal matrix composite material - short MMC. At high strength MMC materials using titanium as a substrate Can reduce the weight of components by up to 50% over traditional titanium alloys be reduced. As reinforcements become fibers with high strength and high modulus of elasticity, for example, SiC fibers.

at the manufacture of MMC components is known in the art usually proceeded so that coated or uncoated Fibers in a desired geometric arrangement can be positioned, the fibers then under high gas pressure and high temperatures to an MMC component or a MMC semi-finished. Should the fibers to Providing the desired geometric arrangement on a body, for example on a annular body, positioned be, so this can be done according to the prior art only Use of the usual Winding technology done. According to the prior art accordingly the fibers like a coil from the outside on such an annular body wound. Fiber layers are in this case radially outward built up. This results in the problem that the fibers, for example not arranged in such recesses of an annular body can be which are open at a radially inner end. Did you want here the usual Apply winding technique, so would the fibers pulled out of the recess during winding again. Overall, therefore, there is a lack of a suitable approach to arrange fibers in recesses of components, in particular are open at a radially inner end of the component.

Of these, Based on the present invention, the problem underlying a novel method and a corresponding device for Place at least one fibrous one To propose elements in a recess of a component. Farther it is within the meaning of the invention, a novel method for the production of MMC components.

This Problem is solved by that the aforementioned method for storing at least one fibrous Elements in a recess of a component by the characteristics of the characterizing Part of claim 1 is further developed. According to the invention Recess of radially inward such with the or each fibrous element filled, that or each fibrous Centrifugal force assisted element or centrifugally assisted is stored in the recess.

To An advantageous development of the invention is the or each fibrous Element unwound from a rotating driven roller and in the recess of the likewise rotationally driven component stored centrifugally supported, where to be filled Recess of the component surrounds the role radially outside.

The or any fibrous Element is unwound from the roll at an angular velocity, which is bigger as an angular velocity of the component to be filled in the radius the fiber deposit in the recess of the component. The or each fibrous element will continue in the recess at an angular velocity filed, which is smaller than the angular velocity of the to be filled Component in the radius of the fiber tray in the recess of the component. The or each unwound from the roll, fibrous element is from a feeder to the to be filled Recess of the component introduced, wherein the feeder is moved at an angular velocity, which is the angular velocity the filing of the or each fibrous Corresponds to elements.

The inventive method for the production of MMC components is defined in the independent claim 9. The device according to the invention for depositing at least one fibrous element in a recess a component is independent Claim 11 defined.

preferred Further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description. Embodiments of the invention without being limited to this to be closer to the drawing explained. Showing:

1 a highly schematic section of a rotationally symmetrical component of a gas turbine in cross section;

2 a highly schematic section of a rotationally symmetrical MMC component of a gas turbine in cross section;

3 a schematic diagram of a device according to the invention for depositing at least one fibrous element in a recess of a component according to 2 together with the component according to a first embodiment of the invention;

4 the detail IV of the 3 ;

5 a partial cross section through the arrangement of 3 in the cutting direction VV the 3 ;

6 a schematic diagram of a device according to the invention for depositing at least one fibrous element in a recess of a component together with the component according to a second embodiment of the invention;

7 a partial cross section through the arrangement of 6 in a cutting direction analogous to 5 ; and

8th the detail VIII of the 7 ,

1 shows a fragmentary cross section through an integrally bladed rotor 10 According to the state of the art. So shows 1 a rotor disk 11 and one to the rotor disk 11 subsequent blade 12 of the rotor. About the circumference of the rotor 10 or the rotor disk 11 are several such blades 12 arranged. Such rotors 10 especially in the hub area 13 the rotor disk 11 heavily loaded by centrifugal forces, so they especially in the hub area 13 to provide the required strength values over large cross sections. This increases the weight of the rotors 10 According to the state of the art.

For weight reduction of such rotors of the rotor 14 according to 2 proposed. The rotor 14 according to 2 has as well as the rotor 10 according to 1 over a rotor disk 15 and several along the circumference of the rotor disk 15 arranged blades 16 , In a hub area 17 is the rotor 14 according to 2 executed in so-called MMC technology. In the metallic matrix material of the rotor disk 15 For this purpose tensile fibers are embedded. The area in which the tensile fibers in the rotor disk 15 are embedded in the 2 with the reference number 18 characterized. As 2 can be taken, begins this MMC area 18 at a radially inner end 19 of the rotor 14 or the rotor disk 15 the same, and tapers in the radial direction to the outside. With such a MMC-engineered rotor 14 can the hub area 17 the rotor disk 15 much slimmer and therefore easier to run than in the 1 shown rotor 10 , Such rotors 14 in MMC design can be compared to conventional rotors 10 be built lighter and rotate faster.

In known from the prior art method for the production of MMC components, the procedure is that tensile-strength fibers are wound around a core, wherein the fiber layers are built radially outward. On the other hand, should the in 2 shown rotor 14 must be made, so must the MMC area 18 corresponding recess are filled from the inside radially with fibers, which means that the recess is filled starting from the radially outer end thereof, so the fiber layers must be constructed radially inwardly. The known from the prior art procedures are therefore not suitable for such components. It is therefore within the meaning of the present invention to propose a method and apparatus for depositing at least one fiber, which in particular the in 2 shown rotor 14 can be produced.

The following is with reference to 3 to 5 a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for depositing fibers described in particular in the manufacture of an MMC component according to 2 is used.

At the in 3 schematically illustrated device 20 becomes a fiber 21 from a roll 22 unwound and in a rotationally symmetrical recess 23 a component 24 stored. The Ab lay the fiber 21 in the recess 23 of the component 24 takes place according Zentrifugalkraftunterstützt or centrifugally assisted. This will be the role 22 in the sense of the arrow 25 driven in rotation, wherein the component 24 in the sense of the arrow 26 also rotated. The rotating component 24 encloses the rotating roller 22 from which the fiber 21 is unwound, radially outward. That means the role 22 inside the component 24 is arranged and so centrifugally assisted the recess 23 from the inside with the fiber 21 is filled.

In addition to the role 22 includes the device according to the invention 20 furthermore a feeder 27 to get rid of the role 22 unwound fiber 21 in the area of the recess 23 to lead into which the fiber 21 is to be stored. The feeder 27 is in 4 shown enlarged, with two guide legs 42 and 43 a leadership area 44 for the fiber 21 define. The feeder 27 rotates on the one hand relative to the rotating component 24 and on the other hand relative to the rotating roll 22 , In addition to this rotational movement leads the feeder 27 continue in the sense of in 5 shown double arrow 28 a movement perpendicular to the direction of rotation, around the recess 23 controlled with several layers 29 made of fibers 21 to fill.

Regarding the relative movements of roll 22 , Component 24 and feeder 27 please note the following:
The fiber 21 gets off the role 22 unwound at an angular velocity ω ₄ . This angular velocity ω ₄ is greater than the angular velocity ω _{1 of} the component to be filled 24 in the radius of the fiber tray in the recess 23 of the component 24 , An angular velocity ω ₂ , with which the fiber 21 in the recess 23 of the component 24 is deposited, is compared to smaller than the angular velocity ω _{1 of} the component to be filled 24 in the radius of the fiber tray in the recess 23 of the component 24 , The angular velocity ω ₂ , with which the fiber 21 in the recess 23 of the component 24 is stored, further corresponds to the angular velocity ω ₃ , with which the feeder 27 rotates.

Accordingly, the following relationships apply: ω 2 <ω 1 ω 3 = ω 2 ω 4 > ω 1 in which

ω ₁

= Angular velocity of the component to be filled in the radius of the fiber deposit in the recess of the component,

ω ₂

= Angular velocity, with which the fiber is deposited in the recess,

ω ₃

= Angular velocity, with which the feeder is moved,

ω ₄

= Angular velocity, with which the fiber is unwound from the roll.

From the details of the device according to the invention described above it follows that according to the basic idea of the present invention, a fiber 21 centrifugally assisted or centrifugally assisted in a rotationally symmetrical recess 23 is stored by radially inward without slip. For this purpose, the component to be filled 24 driven in rotation, being in the interior of the component to be filled 24 a likewise rotating role 22 located, from which the fiber 21 is handled. The fiber 21 is using a feeder 27 the component 24 namely, the recess to be filled 23 , accurately positioned. Due to the centrifugal frictional friction is the fiber 21 held in position. The feeder 27 additionally performs a translational movement transverse to the direction of rotation of the same. This will achieve that in the sense of 5 several layers 29 the fiber 21 exact position in the recess 23 can be introduced.

In this context, it is important that using a monitoring device 30 depositing the fiber 21 into the recess 23 is controlled. Represents, for example, the monitoring device 30 fixed that the fiber layers 29 one of the boundary walls 31 respectively. 32 reach, then the direction of movement of the feeder 27 in the sense of the double arrow 28 changed. Furthermore, with the monitoring device 30 Failure when laying the fiber, such as a fiber break, are detected, and depending on the filling of the recess 23 of the component 24 to be controlled. The monitoring device 30 will be synchronized with the feeder 27 moves, so it rotates with the same angular velocity as the feeder 27 ,

With regard to a possible control of the filling process is important that when unwinding the fiber 21 from the role 22 the diameter of the fiber roll 22 changed so that the same becomes smaller with increasing settlement. Furthermore, changes with increasing storage of the unwound fiber 21 in the recess 23 of the component 24 the radius of the fiber tray in the recess 24 of the component 23 , These changes are in a regulation of the filing process or Bewicklungsprozesses the recess 23 preferably considered such that Depending on these radii or diameter changes, the speeds or angular velocities are adjusted.

An inventive device 33 for depositing fibers in a rotationally symmetrical recess according to a second embodiment of the present invention 6 to 8th , As the embodiment according to 6 to 8th essentially the embodiment of 3 to 5 Equivalent numbers are used to avoid unnecessary repetition for the same assemblies. In the following, only the differences between the two exemplary embodiments will be discussed.

The embodiment of 6 to 8th differs from the embodiment of 3 to 5 essentially by the configuration of the feed device, which in the embodiment of the 6 to 8th with the reference number 34 is marked. Also in the embodiment of 6 to 8th becomes the of the role 22 stripped fiber 21 laid using the centrifugal force or centrifugal force. In contrast to the embodiment of 3 to 5 However, in the embodiment of the 6 to 8th the feeder 34 as a pressure roller 35 executed. The pressure roller 35 is in a recess 36 a carrier 37 guided radially freely and is itself subject to centrifugal force. The carrier 37 is therefore in the sense of the arrow 38 rotationally moved, the pressure roller 35 in the direction of the arrow 39 rolls. The centrifugal effect on the pressure roller 35 due to the rotational movement of the carrier 37 in the sense of the arrow 38 is in 6 through an arrow 40 shown. The pressure roller 35 leads the role 22 stripped fiber 21 over a groove 41 in the recess to be filled 23 within the component 24 and pushes the fiber in the direction of the double arrow 28 alternately to the borders or boundary walls 31 respectively. 32 the recess 23 and continues to press the fiber radially to the previous fiber layer 29 , The two embodiments therefore differ only in terms of the execution of their feeders 27 respectively. 34 ,

The inventive method for depositing at least one fibrous element in a rotationally symmetrical, open at a radially inner end recess of a component can be performed with two devices according to the invention. As already mentioned several times, according to the invention, such a recess is filled with a fiber from the radially inner side in such a way that the fiber, supported by centrifugal force, is deposited without centrifugal force in the recess without slip. For this purpose, the fiber is unwound from a rotationally driven roller, which is positioned within the component to be wound. The angular velocity ω ₄ , with which the fiber is unwound from the roll, is greater than an angular velocity ω _{1 of} the component to be filled in the radius of the fiber deposit in the recess of the component. Furthermore, an angular velocity ω ₂ with which the fiber is deposited in the recess of the component is smaller than the angular velocity ω _{1 of} the component to be filled in the radius of the fiber deposit. An angular velocity ω _{3 of} the feed device corresponds to the angular velocity ω _{2 of} the deposition of the fiber in the recess of the component. In addition to these rotational movements of the feed device is carried out a movement transverse to the direction of rotation of the same.

aid of the present method and the present device can first fiber arrangements for MMC components are realized, the strength-related width distribution of a gas turbine rotor, i. radially inward wider become. By exploiting the centrifugal force can be a tightly packed Fiber package can be realized. Using the monitoring device is the proper filing the fiber in the recess of the component controlled, and dependent thereon the filing is controlled or regulated. As drives for the realization the rotational movement of the component, the role of which the fiber is deducted, and a feeder come mechanical, pneumatic or electric motor drives in question. The selection of a suitable drive is incumbent on this addressed expert.

As already mentioned above, the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for depositing fiber in a rotationally symmetrical recess of a component are preferably used in the manufacture of MMC components. The MMC component is then in particular an integrally bladed rotor for a gas turbine. After such a component has been wound in the manner described above with a fiber from radially inward, in the sense of an MMC production process, compression of the fibers with the matrix material of the component takes place at high temperatures while applying a high gas pressure. This is also called hot isostatic pressing. In the hot isostatic pressing then it comes to a compound, in particular the edge fibers with the matrix material of the component. As 2 . 5 and 7 can be removed, the filled with fibers recess tapers 23 radially outward. The wall thickness of the component 24 accordingly takes out towards the MMC area 28 to, so that a restraining force of the MMC area 28 is continuously introduced into the rotor, in particular in the rotor disk.

10

rotor

11

rotor disc

12

blade

13

hub area

14

rotor

15

rotor disc

16

blade

17

hub area

18

MMC area

19

The End

20

contraption

21

fiber

22

role

23

recess

24

component

25

arrow

26

arrow

27

feeding

28

double arrow

29

location

30

monitoring device

31

boundary wall

32

boundary wall

33

contraption

34

feeding

35

capstan

36

recess

37

carrier

38

arrow

39

arrow

40

arrow

41

groove

42

guide leg

43

guide leg

44

guide region

Claims (18)

Method for depositing at least one fibrous element ( 21 ) in a rotationally symmetrical, at a radially inner end open recess ( 23 ) of a component ( 24 ), in particular in the manufacture of MMC components, characterized in that the recess from radially inward in such a way with the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) is filled with the or each fibrous element centrifugally assisted in the recess ( 23 ) is stored. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) of a rotationally driven roller ( 22 ) and in the recess ( 23 ) of the likewise rotationally driven component ( 24 ) is stored, wherein the recess to be filled ( 23 ) of the component ( 24 ) the role ( 22 ) encloses radially. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) of the role ( 22 ) is unwound at an angular velocity (ω ₄ ) which is greater than an angular velocity (ω ₁ ) of the component to be filled ( 24 ) in the radius of the fiber deposit in the recess ( 23 ) of the component ( 24 ). Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) in the recess ( 23 ) is deposited at an angular velocity (ω ₂ ) which is smaller than the angular velocity (ω ₁ ) of the component to be filled ( 24 ) in the radius of the fiber deposit in the recess ( 23 ) of the component ( 24 ). Method according to one or more of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the or each of the roll ( 22 ) unwound, fibrous element ( 21 ) from a feeder ( 27 . 34 ) to the recess to be filled ( 23 ) of the component ( 24 ), wherein the feeding device ( 27 . 34 ) is moved at an angular velocity (ω ₃ ), the angular velocity (ω ₂ ) of the tray of the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) corresponds. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the feeding device ( 27 . 34 ) during fiber deposition transverse to the direction of rotation of the component ( 24 ) is moved back and forth. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the laying down of the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) in the recess ( 23 ) is monitored and regulated as a function thereof. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that for this purpose a monitoring device ( 30 ) synchronously with the feeder ( 27 . 34 ) is moved. Method for producing MMC components, in particular of components for a turbomachine, with the following steps: a) Provide a component of metallic matrix material with a radial inner portion and a radially outer portion, b) Introducing at least one groove-like recess in the radial inner portion of the component, wherein the or each recess is open at a radially inner end, c) filling the or any groove-like recess from radially inward with at least a tensile fiber, wherein the or each fiber supports centrifugal force in the Recess is deposited, d) compacting the component from metallic Matrix material and the or each tensile fibers by pressure at high temperature. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that that depositing the or each fiber into the recess of the component after the measures one or more of the claims 1 to 8 performed becomes. Device for depositing at least one fibrous element ( 21 ) in a rotationally symmetrical, at a radially inner end open recess ( 23 ) of a component ( 24 ), characterized by means for filling the recess ( 23 ) with the or each fibrous element from radially inward, such that the or each fibrous element ( 21 Centrifugal force assisted or centrifugally assisted in the recess ( 23 ) can be stored. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the means a rotationally driven roller ( 22 ), wherein the or each fibrous member is unwound from the roll, and wherein the roller is radially enclosed by the also rotatably driven member. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that an angular velocity (ω ₄ ) with which the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) of the role ( 22 ) is greater than an angular velocity (ω ₁ ) of the component to be filled ( 24 ) in the radius of the fiber deposit in the recess ( 23 ) of the component ( 24 ). Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that an angular velocity (ω ₂ ) with which the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) in the recess ( 23 ) is less than the angular velocity (ω ₁ ) of the component to be filled ( 24 ) in the radius of the fiber deposit in the recess of the component ( 24 ). Device according to one or more of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the means comprise a feed device ( 27 . 34 ), wherein the feeding device ( 27 . 34 ) the or each of the roll ( 22 ) unwound, fibrous element ( 21 ) to the recess to be filled ( 23 ) of the component ( 24 ) introduce. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the feed device ( 27 . 34 ) is moved at an angular velocity (ω ₃ ) corresponding to the angular velocity (ω ₂ ) of the tray of the or each fibrous element ( 21 ) corresponds. Apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the feed device ( 27 . 34 ) during fiber deposition transverse to the direction of rotation of the component ( 24 ) is reciprocable. Device according to one or more of claims 11 to 17, characterized by a monitoring device ( 30 ) to monitor the deposition of the or each fibrous element in the recess.