DE10144976A1 - Ignition plug includes electrode on central axis within ante-chamber, and has air gap to earth electrode rather than chamber wall - Google Patents

Ignition plug includes electrode on central axis within ante-chamber, and has air gap to earth electrode rather than chamber wall

Info

Publication number
DE10144976A1
DE10144976A1 DE10144976A DE10144976A DE10144976A1 DE 10144976 A1 DE10144976 A1 DE 10144976A1 DE 10144976 A DE10144976 A DE 10144976A DE 10144976 A DE10144976 A DE 10144976A DE 10144976 A1 DE10144976 A1 DE 10144976A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
electrode
prechamber
spark plug
plug according
spark
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE10144976A
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German (de)
Inventor
Werner Niessner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Beru AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beru AG filed Critical Beru AG
Priority to DE10144976A priority Critical patent/DE10144976A1/en
Publication of DE10144976A1 publication Critical patent/DE10144976A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber

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  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

The air gap for the spark (8) is formed between the central electrode (2) and the earth electrode (10), and is located on the central axis inside the ante-chamber (7).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündkerze mit Mittelelektrode und mit Vorkammer. The invention relates to a spark plug Center electrode and with antechamber.

Vorkammerzündkerzen mit Mittelelektrode und mehreren stiftartigen Zündpins sind bekannt, wobei die Zündung gegen die Vorkammerinnenwand als elektrische Masse erfolgt. Nachteilig hierbei ist der Umstand, daß die Entflammung an der kühlen Vorkammerwand eingeleitet wird, so daß beschränkte Flammenausbildung zum Verlöschen der Flamme führen kann. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Zündkerze der gattungsgemäßen Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, die verbesserte Entflammeigenschaften aufweist und hohe Lebensdauer besitzt. Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird durch die Zündkerze gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den nachfolgenden Ansprüchen 2 bis 9. Pre-chamber spark plugs with center electrode and several pin-like ignition pins are known, the ignition against the inner wall of the antechamber is an electrical mass. The disadvantage here is the fact that the ignition on the cool prechamber wall is introduced, so that limited Flame formation can lead to the extinguishing of the flame. The object of the invention is a spark plug to provide generic type, the improved Has flammable properties and has a long service life. The object of the invention is achieved by the spark plug solved according to claim 1. More beneficial Refinements of the invention result from the following Claims 2 to 9.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der beiliegenden Figuren näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt: The invention is illustrated by the attached figures explained in more detail. Here shows:

Fig. 1 schematisch einen teilweisem Querschnitt des vorderen Bereiches einer Vorkammerzündkerze mit mittiger Funkenstreckenlage gemäß einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform; Fig. 1 shows schematically a partial cross-section of the front region of a prechamber spark plug with a central spark gap position according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine Elektrodenanordnung einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerzenausführung; Fig. 2 is a plan view of an electrode arrangement of another exemplary spark plug according to the invention;

Fig. 3 die Draufsicht auf sekantiale Elektrodenanordnung bei einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerzenausführung; Figure 3 is a plan view of secantial electrode assembly in a further embodiment of the invention the spark plugs.

Fig. 4 die schematische Seitenansicht einer Elektrodenanordnung in Form einer Dachelektrode bei einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerzenausführung; Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of an electrode assembly in the form of a ground electrode in a further embodiment of the invention the spark plugs;

Fig. 5 die Draufsicht auf eine ringförmige Masseelektrodenanordnung mit 3 Stegen. Fig. 5 is a plan view of an annular ground electrode arrangement with 3 webs.

Die Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze gemäß Fig. 1 besitzt in einem Zündkerzenkörper 5, einen Isolator 1 und eine Mittelelektrode 2, die mit einer elektrisch leitenden Glasmasse 3 mit einen Zündstift 4 verbunden ist. The embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention according to FIG. 1 has in a spark plug body 5 , an insulator 1 and a center electrode 2 , which is connected to an ignition pin 4 with an electrically conductive glass mass 3 .

Das zündseitige Ende des Zündkerzenkörpers 5 ist mit einer kuppelförmigen geschlossenen Vorkammerkappe 13 überdeckt, die zusammen mit dem Zündkerzenatmungsraum 6 die Funktion einer Vorverbrennungskammer 7 bildet. Die Vorverbrennungskammer 7 weist Bohrungen 9 für den Gasdurchtritt auf. Von der Vorkammerwand 11 erstrecken sich bei der vorliegenden Ausführungsform 2 Masseelektroden 10 in Richtung auf die Mittelelektrodenspitze 12 unter Ausbildung der Luftfunkenstrecken 8. Die Vorkammerkappe 13 ist z. B. mit einer Schweißverbindung 15 mit dem Zündkerzenkörper 5 verbunden. The ignition-side end of the spark plug body 5 is covered with a dome-shaped closed prechamber cap 13 which, together with the spark plug breathing space 6, forms the function of a pre-combustion chamber 7 . The pre-combustion chamber 7 has holes 9 for the gas passage. In the present embodiment, 2 ground electrodes 10 extend from the prechamber wall 11 in the direction of the center electrode tip 12 , forming the air spark gaps 8 . The prechamber cap 13 is, for. B. with a weld 15 to the spark plug body 5 .

Die Masseelektroden 10 sind vorzugsweise aus einem dünnen Edelmetall pinförmig ausgebildet. Bevorzugt ist der Edelmetalldraht als Rund- oder Vierkantdraht ausgebildet und weist eine Querschnittsfläche auf, die bevorzugt 2 mm2 nicht überschreitet. The ground electrodes 10 are preferably pin-shaped from a thin noble metal. The noble metal wire is preferably designed as a round or square wire and has a cross-sectional area which preferably does not exceed 2 mm 2 .

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß die Zündspitze 12 der Mittelelektrode 2 als dünner Elektrodenpin ausgeführt ist, wobei auch hier die Querschnittsfläche 2 mm2 nicht überschreiten sollte; derartige Elektrodenkonfigurationen mit kleinen Elektrodenquerschnitten haben vorteilhafterweise nur einen geringen Spannungsbedarf und gute Gemischzugänglichkeit. A further preferred embodiment provides that the ignition tip 12 of the center electrode 2 is designed as a thin electrode pin, the cross-sectional area here also not exceeding 2 mm 2 ; such electrode configurations with small electrode cross sections advantageously have only a low voltage requirement and good mixture accessibility.

Ebenfalls bevorzugt bestehen die Elektrodenpins der Masseelektroden und der Mittelelektrode aus Platin, Platinlegierung, Iridium oder einer iridumbasierenden Legierung. Die Lage der Funkenstrecken 8 ist derart gewählt, daß sie vorzugsweise mittig (? V) in der Vorkammer 7, einschließlich Atmungsraum 6, (Kammerlänge V) angeordnet sind. The electrode pins of the ground electrodes and the center electrode are likewise preferably made of platinum, platinum alloy, iridium or an iridium-based alloy. The position of the spark gaps 8 is selected such that they are preferably arranged centrally (? V) in the prechamber 7 , including the breathing space 6 (chamber length V).

Gemäß Fig. 2 können mehrere Masseelektroden 10 vorgesehen sein, die sich strahlenförmig von der Innenwand der Vorkammerkappe 13, auf der sie beispielsweise durch Schweißen aufgebracht sein können, in Richtung auf die Mittelelektrodenspitze 12 erstrecken, wobei im vorliegenden Fall 8 Luftfunkenstrecken 8 gebildet werden. According to FIG. 2, a plurality of ground electrodes 10 can be provided, which radially extend from the inner wall of the prechamber cap 13 , on which they can be applied, for example, by welding, towards the center electrode tip 12 , 8 air spark gaps 8 being formed in the present case.

Während bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 sich die Masseelektroden 10 in radialer Richtung erstrecken, erstrecken sich die beiden Elektroden bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 3 in sekantialer Richtung bis auf die Höhe der Mittelelektrodenspitze 12 und bilden mit dieser die beiden Luftfunkenstrecken 8. While the ground electrodes 10 extend in the radial direction in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the two electrodes in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 extend in the secantial direction up to the height of the center electrode tip 12 and form the two air spark gaps 8 with it .

Eine weitere Ausführungsform ist schematisch in Fig. 4 wiedergegeben: hier wird die Masseelektrode 10 als Dachelektrode direkt über die Mittelelektrodenspitze 12 unter Ausbildung der Funkenstrecke 8 geführt; bevorzugt ist die Mittelelektrodenspitze 12 mit Edelmetall 17 armiert, wobei bevorzugt auch die Masseelektrode 10 mit einer Edelmetallarmierung 20 versehen ist. A further embodiment is shown schematically in FIG. 4: here the ground electrode 10 is passed as a roof electrode directly over the center electrode tip 12 to form the spark gap 8 ; the center electrode tip 12 is preferably armored with noble metal 17 , the ground electrode 10 also preferably being provided with a noble metal armature 20 .

Eine ebenfalls sehr geeignete Ausführungsform zeigt schematisch die Fig. 5, bei der eine ringförmige Masseelektrode 21 Verwendung findet, die im Bereich der Funkenstrecke 8 ringförmig um die Mittelelektrode 12 ausgebildet ist; sie ist über, im vorliegenden Fall drei Stege mit der Innenwand der Vorkammerkappe 13 beispielsweise durch Schweißen verbunden. Another very suitable embodiment is shown schematically in FIG. 5, in which an annular ground electrode 21 is used, which is designed in the area of the spark gap 8 in a ring shape around the central electrode 12 ; it is connected, in the present case three webs, to the inner wall of the prechamber cap 13, for example by welding.

Claims (9)

1. Zündkerze mit Mittelelektrode und mit Vorkammer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftfunkenstrecke (8) zwischen Mittelelektrode (2) und mindestens einer Masseelektrode (10) in der Vorkammer (7) im Bereich der Vorkammermittelachse ausgebildet ist. 1. Spark plug with central electrode and with prechamber, characterized in that the air spark gap ( 8 ) between central electrode ( 2 ) and at least one ground electrode ( 10 ) in the prechamber ( 7 ) is formed in the region of the prechamber central axis. 2. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftfunkenstrecke (8) etwa mittig in der Vorkammer (7) ausgebildet ist. 2. Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the air spark gap ( 8 ) is formed approximately centrally in the prechamber ( 7 ). 3. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich mindestens eine Masseelektrode (10) radial von der Vorkammerkappe (13) bis nahe an die Mittelelektrodenspitze (12) unter Ausbildung der Funkenstrecke (8) erstreckt. 3. Spark plug according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one ground electrode ( 10 ) extends radially from the prechamber cap ( 13 ) to close to the center electrode tip ( 12 ) to form the spark gap ( 8 ). 4. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß 'sich mindestens eine Masseelektrode (10) sekantial von der Vorkammerkappe (13) bis nahe an die Mittelelektrodenspitze (12) unter Ausbildung der Funkenstrecke (8) erstreckt. 4. Spark plug according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 'extends at least one ground electrode ( 10 ) secantial from the prechamber cap ( 13 ) to close to the center electrode tip ( 12 ) to form the spark gap ( 8 ). 5. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich mindestens eine Masseelektrode (10) von der Vorkammerkappe (13) unter Ausbildung der Funkenstrecke (8) über die Mittelelektrodenspitze (12) erstreckt. 5. Spark plug according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that at least one ground electrode ( 10 ) extends from the prechamber cap ( 13 ) to form the spark gap ( 8 ) over the center electrode tip ( 12 ). 6. Zündkerze nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich mehrere Masseelektroden (10) von der Vorkammerkappe (13) in Richtung auf die Mittelelektrodenspitze (12) erstrecken. 6. Spark plug according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of ground electrodes ( 10 ) extend from the prechamber cap ( 13 ) in the direction of the center electrode tip ( 12 ). 7. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich mindestens eine Masseelektrode von der Vorkammerkappe (13) in Richtung der Mittelelektrodenspitze (12) erstreckt, wobei die Masseelektrode an ihrem freien Ende ringförmig ausgebildet ist, wobei der Ring die Mittelelektrodenspitze (12) konzentrisch umgibt. 7. Spark plug according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one ground electrode extends from the prechamber cap ( 13 ) in the direction of the center electrode tip ( 12 ), the ground electrode being annular at its free end, the ring forming the center electrode tip ( 12 ) concentrically surrounds. 8. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ringförmige Elektrode mindestens 2, bevorzugt 3 oder mehr Verbindungsstege (21) zur Vorkammerkappe (13) aufweist. 8. Spark plug according to claim 7, characterized in that the annular electrode has at least 2, preferably 3 or more connecting webs ( 21 ) to the prechamber cap ( 13 ). 9. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsstege (21) in gleichem Winkelabstand voneinander angeordnet sind. 9. Spark plug according to claim 8, characterized in that the connecting webs ( 21 ) are arranged at the same angular distance from one another.
DE10144976A 2001-09-12 2001-09-12 Ignition plug includes electrode on central axis within ante-chamber, and has air gap to earth electrode rather than chamber wall Ceased DE10144976A1 (en)

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Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004107518A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-09 In-Tae Johng Ignition plugs for internal combustion engine
EP1766208A2 (en) * 2004-06-24 2007-03-28 Woodward Governor Company Pre-chamber spark plug
US7856956B2 (en) * 2005-09-15 2010-12-28 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Spark ignition engine
DE102010004851A1 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 BorgWarner BERU Systems GmbH, 71636 Spark plug for a gas-powered internal combustion engine
JP2011204668A (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-10-13 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Ignition plug and manufacturing method for the same
DE102010022564A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh prechamber
DE102011076471A1 (en) 2011-05-25 2012-11-29 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Spark plug, gas engine
US8350457B2 (en) 2011-03-31 2013-01-08 Denso International America, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug including a gas thread cavity
US8461750B2 (en) 2009-09-11 2013-06-11 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug and electrodes therefor
DE102012022872A1 (en) 2012-11-22 2014-05-22 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Ignition device for combustion engine i.e. gas engine, has cylindrical central bore fluidly connected between ignition chamber and combustion chamber, where diameter of central bore is greater than diameter of another cylindrical bore
DE102012223640A1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-06-18 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Ignition device for an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine
US8839762B1 (en) 2013-06-10 2014-09-23 Woodward, Inc. Multi-chamber igniter
DE102014004943A1 (en) * 2014-04-04 2015-02-19 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh prechamber
DE102013109278A1 (en) 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug for a gas-powered internal combustion engine
CN104421091A (en) * 2013-08-21 2015-03-18 张蝶儿 Ignition system of internal combustion engine and method for installing spark plug in combustion chamber
US9004042B2 (en) 2011-09-03 2015-04-14 Prometheus Applied Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for achieving high power flame jets while reducing quenching and autoignition in prechamber spark plugs for gas engines
DE102013221963A1 (en) * 2013-10-29 2015-04-30 Dkt Verwaltungs-Gmbh prechamber
US9093823B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2015-07-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug and method of manufacturing spark plug
US9172217B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2015-10-27 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug with tubular electrode and method of manufacturing same
DE102014015707A1 (en) 2014-10-23 2015-12-03 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh prechamber
US9476347B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2016-10-25 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow in fuel-fed prechambers
US9500118B2 (en) 2011-09-03 2016-11-22 Prometheus Applied Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for achieving high power flame jets while reducing quenching and autoignition in prechamber spark plugs for gas engines
US9653886B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2017-05-16 Woodward, Inc. Cap shielded ignition system
US9735552B2 (en) 2013-11-12 2017-08-15 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
US9765682B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2017-09-19 Woodward, Inc. Multi-chamber igniter
US9840963B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2017-12-12 Woodward, Inc. Parallel prechamber ignition system
US9856848B2 (en) 2013-01-08 2018-01-02 Woodward, Inc. Quiescent chamber hot gas igniter
US9890689B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2018-02-13 Woodward, Inc. Gaseous fuel combustion
US9893497B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2018-02-13 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow
DE102013022497B3 (en) 2013-08-27 2018-06-14 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Pre-chamber spark plug with pressure sensor for a gas-powered internal combustion engine
DE102017107679A1 (en) 2017-04-10 2018-10-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Prechamber spark plug for an internal combustion engine
DE102017107728A1 (en) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Pre-chamber spark plug and method for its production
US10208651B2 (en) 2016-02-06 2019-02-19 Prometheus Applied Technologies, Llc Lean-burn pre-combustion chamber
DE102018105183A1 (en) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 SCENTEC GmbH & Co.KG Chamber candle with Hall sensor device
DE102018105181A1 (en) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 SCENTEC GmbH & Co.KG Chamber candle with detachable electrode
WO2019196730A1 (en) * 2018-04-08 2019-10-17 霾消天蓝北京环保科技有限公司 High-temperature-resistant spark plug
WO2019242930A1 (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pre-chamber spark plug having symmetrically arranged ground electrodes on the interior of the housing
US10734791B2 (en) 2018-12-06 2020-08-04 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Pre-chamber spark plug with surface discharge spark gap
DE102011006597B4 (en) * 2010-03-31 2021-01-14 Denso Corporation Auxiliary chamber type indirect injection engine and spark plug mounted in an internal combustion engine with indirect injection
WO2021215301A1 (en) * 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 株式会社デンソー Spark plug for internal combustion engine
DE102020211355A1 (en) 2020-09-10 2022-03-10 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Prechamber spark plug, in particular for mobile internal combustion engines
WO2022058066A1 (en) * 2020-09-16 2022-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pre-chamber spark plug having a ground electrode on the interior of the housing
US11973323B2 (en) 2020-06-09 2024-04-30 Denso Corporation Spark plug for internal combustion engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004107518A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-09 In-Tae Johng Ignition plugs for internal combustion engine
EP1766208A2 (en) * 2004-06-24 2007-03-28 Woodward Governor Company Pre-chamber spark plug
EP1766208A4 (en) * 2004-06-24 2011-08-10 Woodward Inc Pre-chamber spark plug
US7856956B2 (en) * 2005-09-15 2010-12-28 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Spark ignition engine
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US8461750B2 (en) 2009-09-11 2013-06-11 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug and electrodes therefor
US8890396B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-11-18 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug for a gas-operated internal combustion engine
CN102185255A (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-09-14 博格华纳贝鲁系统有限公司 Spark plug for a gas-operated internal combustion engine
DE102010004851B4 (en) * 2009-12-18 2014-05-28 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Prechamber spark plug for a gas-powered internal combustion engine
DE102010004851A1 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 BorgWarner BERU Systems GmbH, 71636 Spark plug for a gas-powered internal combustion engine
US9093823B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2015-07-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug and method of manufacturing spark plug
EP2525452B1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2020-05-13 NGK Sparkplug Co., Ltd. Spark plug and method of manufacturing spark plug
JP2011204668A (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-10-13 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Ignition plug and manufacturing method for the same
DE102011006597B4 (en) * 2010-03-31 2021-01-14 Denso Corporation Auxiliary chamber type indirect injection engine and spark plug mounted in an internal combustion engine with indirect injection
DE102010022564A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh prechamber
WO2011151035A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Prechamber sparkplug
CN103038960A (en) * 2010-06-02 2013-04-10 Mtu腓特烈港有限责任公司 Prechamber sparkplug
US9172216B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2015-10-27 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Prechamber sparkplug
DE102010022564B4 (en) 2010-06-02 2019-02-21 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Pre-chamber spark plug and method for its production
CN103038960B (en) * 2010-06-02 2014-11-05 Mtu腓特烈港有限责任公司 Prechamber sparkplug
US9476347B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2016-10-25 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow in fuel-fed prechambers
US11674494B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2023-06-13 Woodward, Inc. Pre-chamber spark plug with tubular electrode and method of manufacturing same
US9893497B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2018-02-13 Woodward, Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow
US10907532B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2021-02-02 Woodward. Inc. Controlled spark ignited flame kernel flow in fuel-fed prechambers
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