DE10134285A1 - Metal strip profiling process, involves pressing a roll into a tensioned strip and then rotating the roll and moving a plate simultaneously below the plate - Google Patents

Abstract

Metal strip profiling process, involves pressing a roll into a tensioned strip and then rotating the roll and moving a plate simultaneously below the plate. Strip material (16) is clamped in a gap (13) between a roll (12) and a moving plate (67). The initially non-rotating roll is pushed into the strip with the latter at rest or moving very slowly under tension. The roll is then rotated to roll the section of strip in the gap while the plate moves synchronously with the strip in a straight line. After opening the gap the process steps are repeated for each successive section. Independent claims are also included for: (a) use of the process on plastic strip or composite strip based on plastic; and (b) process equipment including a roll (12) forming a gap with a plate (67) moving in a straight line and a reel with a servomotor for reversing strip movement in steps of preset length.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a band-shaped Primary material, in particular made of metal, which in successive sections is profiled, and a device therefor.

DE 195 04 711 C2 describes a method for producing a band-shaped one Primary material made of metal known by rolling a roll stand, which limit a roll gap in which a metal strip in two or more than two Rolling steps is rolled. It works so that the metal band repeats is rolled, which is why the roll stand continuously from start to finish passes through, the working direction is then reversed, so that the metal strip the roll stand then runs through the full length again, but now in reverse direction.

From DE-PS 10 48 75 it is known for the production of tubes in one one step to roll a profile into strip or plate-shaped workpieces. On DE 197 04 300 A1 discloses a similar method for producing profiled boards, especially of body panels.

From DE-PS 63 81 95 is a pilgrim step method for producing thinner Bands from a thick starting workpiece known. With this procedure the starting workpiece is gradually deformed with a high degree of deformation and pushed against the usual rolling direction through the roll gap.

From US 1,106,172 it is known with an arrangement of three rolling mill stands arranged one behind the other to continuously roll profiles into a strip.

DE 199 38 966 C1 shows how a band-shaped profiled section Raw material with a consistently high surface quality produced economically can be. For this purpose, the metal strip is in successive Sections that are shorter than the circumference of the two rollers, respectively rolled between the same two rolls in two or more than two rolling steps, why the metal strip between two successive rolling steps retrieved and then the retrieved section of the metal band again is rolled.

DE 199 38 966 C1 discloses a rolling stand for carrying out the method with a first reel arranged on the inlet side of the roll gap for the metal strip to be rolled and with one on the outlet side of the roll gap arranged second reel for winding the strip-like primary material, wherein for the reel provided on the inlet side of the roll gap Drive motor is provided, which in returning the metal strip Allows steps of a predeterminable length, in particular a servo motor. The length the steps by which the metal strip is retrieved can be carried out by a electronic drive control, in particular program-controlled, the Be adapted to requirements. With such a program control also the discontinuous drive of the rollers with forward turning, standstill and if necessary with reverse turning optimally to the individual rolling task be adjusted.

It has now been shown that when the profiling roller is inserted into the Metal band can pass that the band-shaped semi-finished product on that side, which is facing away from the profiling roller, but not with the desired one Accuracy in the desired shape is obtained. This is particularly the case with Rolling of metal strips, which only in sections on one side profiled, but should remain flat on the other side, but not exactly flat be preserved.

The present invention has for its object to show a way like a band-shaped semi-finished product, which is produced by a rolling process to be profiled in sections, on the side facing away from the profiling roller higher accuracy can be obtained in the desired shape. In particular, a band-shaped semi-finished product, which is only on one side should be profiled in sections, on the other hand with greater accuracy be preserved.

This object is achieved by the method with the in claim 1 specified features. One for performing the invention Device particularly suitable for the method is the subject of patent claim 51. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of Dependent claims.

• a) Spannen des Metallbandes,
• b) das Metallband wird in einem Walzspalt, welcher durch eine Walze und durch eine bewegliche Platte begrenzt wird, relativ zu der Walze positioniert,
• c) Positionieren der Platte relativ zur Walze,

wobei die Schritte (b) und (c) aufeinanderfolgend oder gleichzeitig oder einander zeitlich überlappend oder in umgekehrter Reihenfolge aufeinanderfolgend durchgeführt werden können und der Schritt (c) auch vor dem Schritt (a) erfolgen kann,

• a) Einstechen in das Metallband mit der Walze durch Verkleinern des Abstandes der Mantelfläche der Walze von dem Metallband, wobei zumindest während des Beginns des Einstechens das Metallband in Ruhe gehalten oder allenfalls so langsam bewegt und die Walze nicht oder allenfalls so langsam gedreht wird, daß das Metallband im Walzspalt unter Zugspannung bleibt,
• b) Walzen eines Abschnittes des Metallbandes in dem Walzspalt, wozu die Walze gedreht und die Platte synchron dazu geradlinig bewegt wird,
• c) Freigeben des Metallbandes durch Öffnen des Walzspaltes,

wobei die Schritte (b) bis (f) für jeden zu profilierenden Abschnitt des Metallbandes wiederholt werden. According to the invention, a metal strip is rolled in a roll gap to produce a strip-shaped primary material from metal, which is delimited by a roll and by a plate. Rolling is carried out in one or more rolling steps by the following process steps:

• a) tensioning the metal strip,
• b) the metal strip is positioned in a roll gap, which is delimited by a roll and by a movable plate, relative to the roll,
• c) positioning the plate relative to the roller,

steps (b) and (c) can be carried out successively or simultaneously or overlapping one another in time or in reverse order in succession and step (c) can also take place before step (a),

• a) plunging into the metal strip with the roller by reducing the distance between the lateral surface of the roller from the metal strip, the metal strip being held at rest or at most being moved so slowly at least during the start of the piercing and the roller not being rotated or being rotated so slowly that the metal strip remains under tension in the roll gap,
• b) rolling a section of the metal strip in the roll gap, for which purpose the roll is rotated and the plate is moved in a straight line synchronously with it,
• c) releasing the metal strip by opening the roll gap,

wherein steps (b) to (f) are repeated for each section of the metal strip to be profiled.

A “metal band” is also understood to mean a band that is not consists entirely of metal, but contains non-metallic components, e.g. B. oxidic, carbide or ceramic components or a metalloid such as Graphite. Examples are strips made of composite materials such as silver graphite and silver Metal oxide, in particular materials based on silver-tin oxide with up to 20% by weight of non-metallic components. Belts made of such materials are used as semi-finished products for the production of electrical contacts.

If the metal tape to achieve larger stitch decreases and / or Achieve smaller deviations in the dimensions to be profiled Strip section is rolled in more than one rolling step, then after the first Procedure in one section repeats steps (b) to (f) this purpose after opening the roll gap in step (f) the metal strip retrieved and the metal strip in the roll gap by the action of the same Rolled again in the retrieved section. The tension in the Band is best selected on a throughout the procedure Value kept constant. This leads to greater positioning accuracy of the Metal strip in the roll gap and for greater dimensional accuracy.

In order to achieve particularly high accuracy and repeatability, the roll is first before each rolling cycle or before each rolling step positioned in a preselected reference position with respect to their starting angle to avoid that position errors add up. Positioning the roller in A reference position is best done by turning back the roller and can be done before step (b), after step (b) or after step (c). When the starting angle of the roller is set, this is preferably already done a preset of the size of the roll gap.

According to the invention, the metal strip is in the nip between a roller and one formed with this cooperating plate. Should the metal band only be profiled on one side, then the plate is in the area in which the Metal band of the plate rests when forming, evenly formed. The plate will moving in a straight line during the rolling of a section of the metal strip synchronized with the roller with which the plate works. At the Retrieving the metal strip is a movement of the plate in synchronism with the roller and 1 or with the metal band is not absolutely necessary unless that Metal strip would also be rolled when retrieving, which is the case with a configuration of the method according to the invention may be the case.

If the metal strip is to be profiled on both sides, after the inventive method first profiled one side, then the metal strip turned so that its profiled side faces the plate, and then after the method according to the invention profiled the other soap, it - depending on the profile shapes to be produced - the plate is particularly preferred to be exchanged for such a plate, which the one on one side of the Metal strip already rolled profile has complementary corresponding profile, around the already profiled side of the metal strip when profiling the other To be able to optimally support the site. This is how you achieve the desired profiles with particularly high accuracy. With profiling on both sides it will Metal strip is advantageously first profiled on one side over its entire length, then turned and then in a further run in one or more Rolling steps profiled on the other side. If necessary, the profiling roller replaced. Instead of replacing the plate, it can especially if the metal strip profiles on the second side which should be above the positions on the first page of the Metal strip have already been rolled in recesses, be cheaper, one profiled backup roller with the largest possible diameter to support the Use metal tape if this is to be profiled on the second side.

If a plate exchange is made or in its place Back-up roller with a particularly large diameter is used, the pass line of the It is best to roll something over that which protrudes from the plate or back-up roll Profile laid. This has the advantage that scratching the metal strip when Transport excluded and a vertical adjustment of the plate or the their place, if necessary, provided support roller with a particularly large diameter can be avoided. Otherwise the vertical adjustment would be required if the Back-up roller with its segment or the plate supporting the metal strip their profile supporting the profiled metal band in the starting position for one new roll pass must be reset.

It has been shown that the method according to the invention makes tapes can be produced, which are profiled in sections, preferably only one-sided, and in which of the action of the roller on one side of the Band unevenness on the other side of the band the previous approach is significantly reduced or even completely avoided become.

When rolling, the plate serves as the roller acting on the metal strip, which is also referred to as a work roll, as an abutment. She takes that Rolling forces and expediently guides them into the stand of the rolling stand one in which also the work roll and suitably existing Back-up rollers are stored. The plate is preferably stored floating, what an easy, low-friction mobility in connection with a reliable force transmission allowed.

It is best to proceed in such a way that the roller limits the roll gap from above and that the plate lies horizontally under the roller and by a backup roller is supported, which in turn is stored in the roll stand in the usual way. In In this case, the rolling forces can be transferred from the plate to the backup roll and introduced into the stand of the roll stand in a known manner become. In order to ensure a horizontal position of the plate, this is next to to support the back-up roller additionally, preferably on both sides of the roll gap, the load capacity of the support means being smaller can than that of the backup roller, which is immediately below that with the plate cooperating work roll.

A floating storage of the plate is advantageously achieved in that the plate is supported by rolling elements. It can be roles or Rolls act which one field is best on both sides of the roll gap form, which supports the plate in a plurality of places or lines, which can be distributed over the entire width and length of the plate. The Rolling elements can be driven, but do not have to be driven, but can be designed free running. Particularly preferred as a rolling element are free-running balls, on which the plate with its underside lies.

The plate can be driven directly, e.g. B. by means of a Spur gear ring, which is shrunk onto the support roller arranged under the plate and its moment on the rack attached to the plate transfers. This ensures exact positioning of the plate in every phase of the Movement of the plate possible, d. H. positioning, rolling and Retrieving. Furthermore, the drive of the plate is also hydraulic Piston-cylinder unit or by means of an electric motor driven spindle, especially with a low-friction and precise Ball screw possible. However, the plate is preferably not directly but only indirectly driven by driving the Work roll and / or the metal strip is taken. There is because of the a rolling pressure occurring between the work roll and the plate sufficient friction.

It is also advantageous to drive the support roller to take the plate with you, which is arranged under the plate.

A great advantage of the invention is that it relates to others Applications can be transferred. One application relates to the production of metal strips, which have grooves that are not in the longitudinal direction from the beginning of the tape to Extend the band end, but from one longitudinal edge to the other longitudinal edge of the metal strip across its entire width extend and recur at intervals in the metal band. From such grooved Metal strips can be z by dividing the metal strips. B. contact springs or Electrofusion blades for electric motors, especially for servo motors produce. Advanced servomotors are getting faster and more accurate. This places increasing demands on the dimensional accuracy of the Electrode spiral blades in these motors. The dimensional accuracy of the width of the groove should be better than 0.02 mm. If you want to roll such a groove in a metal band, you have to one or more rolling passes required.

According to conventional technology, the groove is milled into the metal band, but is achieved you don't have a high surface quality. The milling of grooves that cross each other To stretch over the metal band is difficult. One has in the state of the art also tried to produce grooved band-shaped semi-finished products by that you have a longitudinal groove in several rolling passes in a metal strip rolls. In this case, side bars in the metal band are retained on both sides of the groove, which limit the groove. Since the metal band in the area of the groove through the Material displacement during rolling is lengthened accordingly, in the area of But not side bars, the side bars must be stretched to compensate, e.g. B. with reels, which develop a strong traction. Even if you do that Stretches, it is not possible to roll grooves whose depth is about 10% of that Thickness of the metal strip exceeds. In addition, the process is complex and does not lead to the desired accuracy because the metal band at everyone Roll pass suffers a warp, which causes the groove to roll pass Roll pass becomes somewhat wider with increasing fluctuations. Even those in the DE-PS 10 48 75 and procedures described in DE 197 04 300 A1 do not allow high dimensional accuracy.

By step-by-step and section-wise rolling according to the invention however, generally profiled metal strips in which the profile over the extends the entire width of the metal strip, both with high dimensional accuracy also roll with a high surface quality, especially if that discontinuous rolling process according to the invention is developed so that the Metal tape not only in one step, but in each of the profiles to be profiled Sections is rolled in several steps, for which the metal strip after one Rolling step retrieved and rolled again in the section already rolled becomes. Particularly high accuracies can be achieved if the metal strip not just rolled in one direction and just retrieved in the opposite direction, but if it is rolled in both directions, also when Retrieving.

A particular advantage of the invention is that it can be used to form profiles into strips let roll, which by cutting processes such. B. by milling can not be produced at all, namely grooves which are transverse to Extend the longitudinal direction of the metal strip and have edges that are not in a straight line from one edge to the other edge of the metal band extend, but in the longitudinal direction of the metal strip in pockets or Expand niches, which in turn have straight or arched edges to have. Such grooves, which expand in pockets or niches, can follow in any case, the method according to the invention is rolled when the Pockets or niches do not widen the groove so much that there are problems with it the displacement of the material from the pockets or niches to be formed. Even curved and sloping grooves can be under Application of the discontinuous rolling process according to the invention in a Metal strip are rolled.

• - eine unzureichende Ebenheit der Bandoberfläche und des Bodens der eingeprägten Vertiefung,
• - Schwankungen der Banddicke im Bereich des Bodens der Vertiefungen in der Größenordnung von einem oder wenigen zehnteln Millimetern,
• - eine unregelmäßige Rauhigkeit der Bandoberfläche an der Stelle der abgefrästen Ausbuchtungen,
• - eine Reproduzierbarkeit von so profilierten Metallbändern mit Toleranzen, welche lediglich im Bereich von einigen zehnteln Millimetern liegen, wobei sich die Qualität noch verschlechtert, wenn mehrere Vertiefungen über die Breite des Metallbandes verteilt geformt werden. Außerdem ist die bekannte Verfahrensweise unwirtschaftlich, da sich das Bilden der Vertiefungen auf zwei örtlich und zeitlich getrennte Verfahren aufgliedert, nämlich in das Prägen der Vertiefung und in das Abfräsen der dadurch entstehenden Ausbuchtungen.

In a special embodiment of the invention, it is possible to form depressions with a closed border in a metal strip, but at the same time to obtain a flat surface area on the opposite side of the metal strip in the region of the shaped recess. The outline of such a depression can be square, rectangular, oval, circular or another closed line. The edge of the depression can be a circumferential wall running perpendicular or almost perpendicular to the plate or a circumferential wall extending obliquely to the plate and widening outwards from the bottom of the depression. However, the edge can also gradually merge into the bottom of the depression, as with a flat depression. So far, such depressions in strips by an embossing process, for. B. formed by deep drawing, in which a bulge is formed on the opposite surface of the metal strip, which is milled to restore the flatness of the strip surface. The previous procedure is disadvantageous

• - insufficient flatness of the band surface and the bottom of the embossed depression,
• Fluctuations in the strip thickness in the region of the bottom of the depressions of the order of magnitude of one or a few tenths of a millimeter,
• - an irregular roughness of the strip surface at the point of the milled bulges,
• - Reproducibility of metal strips profiled in this way with tolerances which are only in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter, the quality deteriorating even more if several depressions are formed distributed over the width of the metal strip. In addition, the known procedure is uneconomical, since the formation of the depressions is divided into two spatially and temporally separate processes, namely in the stamping of the depression and in the milling of the bulges which are created as a result.

In contrast, the formation of a profiled metal band with depressions, which have a closed edge, according to the invention Rolling process the main advantage that the wells are not timed and locally separate process steps must be produced, but in Roll gap between a roller and a plate can be produced at the same time can. A plate with bumps can be used for this, Press the rolling process into one side of the metal strip, doing one corresponding amount of metal to the opposite side of the metal strip displace where it is rolled out by the roller, so that of the respective Depression opposite point of the belt surface is obtained evenly.

The dimensional accuracy and flatness of the surfaces achieved according to the invention are a power of ten better than the conventional one Method.

The method according to the invention is particularly advantageous when molding Wells in a metal band if by rolling on the opposite side not only that displaced by the shaping of the depressions Material is rolled out, but if at the same time a moderate reduction in Total thickness of the metal strip is brought about, preferably in one Order of magnitude of 10% decrease in thickness. In this way one can achieve particularly high accuracy.

The easiest way to form depressions that are trough-like or have a peripheral wall which extends obliquely in such a way that the Deepening extended from the bottom to the outside. To make one Deepening with a steeper, in particular with a vertical peripheral wall it may be advantageous to do this in two or more steps, whereby in a first step, a recess with an oblique peripheral wall, for. B. is formed at an angle of 45 ° and only in a second step Circumferential wall is formed steeper, e.g. B. almost 90 °.

The discontinuous multi-step rolling process according to the invention is particularly advantageous for the production of such profiled profile strips. To can the plate, which is opposite the driven roller, for a repeated profile rolling can be brought back again and again. To scratch the Exclude metal strip during transport through the roll gap and a Adjustment of the support roller, which is arranged under the plate, will be avoided Pass line of the metal strip preferably slightly above that from the plate placed above profile, which is in the profile rolling in Press in the metal band.

The invention is particularly suitable for a regularly recurring Roll the profile discontinuously in a metal strip; from such a metal band can be equal parts by mass by sharing the metal strip such as B. spiral helixes or contact springs for electrical purposes gain high accuracy. The splitting of the metal band happens expediently by punching. The method according to the invention is also advantageous applicable to plated tapes and tapes to be plated, where the metal sheets to be plated after the rolling according to the invention different heights. Profiled tapes with a recessed plating cannot be obtained by known roll plating processes by rolling in Produce the longitudinal direction of the tape, because with larger degrees of deformation, especially at more than 50% deformation, the associated material shift too becomes a serious problem.

With the discontinuous multi-step rolling process according to the invention, it is possible to produce the strip-shaped primary material with a particularly high and uniform surface quality and with the smallest thickness tolerances, or to produce a primary material with the quality known from the prior art in greater lengths than before without changing the rollers. Thickness tolerances of ± 1 µm, repeatability of ± 2 µm, roughness depths of only R _t = 0.18 µm and center roughness values (Center Line Average, CLA) of only R _a = 0.022 µm have already been achieved (DIN 4762).

In order to use the method at least two rolling steps in a section of the To be able to perform metal strip, the circumference of the rollers should at least to be twice the length of the sections retrieved, with the retrieved section should be slightly larger than that in the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped semi-finished product measured dimension of the from the semi-finished product workpieces to be punched out, so that the unavoidable punching waste is taken into account Can be found. If the metal band is not only in one direction, but sometimes in the rolled in one direction and once in the other direction, then you can e.g. B. also proceed in such a way that you put the metal strip between them a few times Sections of the roller and the plate back and forth and the last Rolling step between a peripheral portion of the roller and a portion of the Plate performs, which until then for a smaller number of rolling steps were used and therefore have a better surface quality, so that they also have a surface with the metal strip in the last rolling step best quality.

If the sections of the metal strip are in one direction and sometimes in rolled in the other direction, you also get a cheaper one Material structure, as if you only ever have the metal strip in the same direction would roll. This is the more important, the stronger the rolling induced decrease in the thickness of the metal strip is because it also the material displacement caused by the rollers becomes stronger. Another advantage lies in that the favorable influence on the material structure in sections reciprocating rollers is cheaper than if as in the state of Technique a full length metal tape alternately in one and the other Direction is rolled.

The number of rolling steps with which on one and the same section of the Metal strip is acted on, the desired stitch decrease and Coated surface quality of the primary material to be produced.

The accuracy and surface quality that are achieved according to the invention are larger than when milling, larger than when the metal band as in State of the art for creating a longitudinal groove repeatedly full length is rolled, which is because of the uneven occurring Elongation is only possible up to a decrease in thickness of at most 10%.

The discontinuous mode of operation of the method according to the invention provides make a significant contribution to the dimensional accuracy of the profile of profiled Metal bands. Because of the discontinuous mode of operation, every rolling step begins out of the standstill of the metal strip, the roller and the plate or at so slow that there is one in the metal band Maintain tension while inserting the roller into the metal belt can be. Therefore, in the initial phase of each rolling step elongation of the resulting from the engagement of the roller in the metal strip Unlike a continuous profile rolling process, metal strip is not abruptly, but so gently that the important for the dimensional accuracy of the profile Tension remains in the metal band, e.g. B. by controlling the drive of reels, which are intended for maintaining the tension are. For this purpose, the roller and accelerate and brake of the metal strip during rolling preferably to the same extent and synchronously. The best thing to do in the metal strip is when inserting a constant tension maintained, and this is best maintained even when rolling.

If a profile is to be rolled section by section into a metal strip, then the Roll one, possibly in segments with the same or different Diameter divided, cylindrical jacket or a profiled jacket exhibit. A profile can be cut into the metal strip with a cylindrical jacket roll, in particular by moving the roll, the height of the roll gap is changed during rolling.

The shorter they are, the better the dimensional accuracy and surface quality Are rolling steps. The rolling steps are advantageously shorter than half Circumference of the roller selected. In this case, the profile only extends over one Part of the circumference of the roller. The remaining part of the outer surface of the roller can be cylindrical; that makes it possible with the cylindrical Section of the roller surface the respective section of the metal strip in one not to profile the first rolling step, but to equalize it in order to achieve this to increase the dimensional accuracy of the rolled strip.

An application for which the invention can be used advantageously can to produce a ribbon-shaped metal material, which in Regularly recurring sections are profiled for nibs for Fountain pens.

Nibs for fountain pens have a different length Thickness. Nibs are typically 0.2 mm thick in the rear area. Towards the top the nib becomes thicker, so that a maximum of about To reach 0.6 mm. It is known to manufacture nibs by using a Metal strip by rolling in sections, namely in steps, the length of which Corresponds to the length of the later nibs, initially with a corresponding longitudinal profile is provided, which extends over the entire width of the Metal tape extends. This profiled metal band is a primary material from which later the nibs are punched out and into the desired curved shape be reshaped.

In order to produce the profiled primary material, it is known to use one of two Roll gap limiting rolls, which are stored in a roll stand, the to provide the top roller with an empirically determined contour in the circumferential direction, which complement the intended course of the thickness of the nibs is voted. Outside of this coordinated contour, the outer surface of the upper roller so small a distance from its axis that it is in this Area does not come into engagement with the metal strip in the roll gap. With the The start of the circumferential section having the coordinated contour sticks spinning roller into the metal belt and then taking it for the duration a rolling step, namely as long as it is in engagement with the metal strip with and thereby causes both a feed and a profiling of the Metal strip. The metal strip is unwound from a first reel and that profiled metal strip emerging from the roll gap from a second reel rolled up. Because the feed of the metal strip is effected by the two rollers arises between them and the second winding reel inevitably a certain lot length of the metal strip, which it is in the prior art requires a belt loop with a belt tensioning device to provide a balance between the discontinuous Belt feed through the rollers and the continuous winding movement the second reel. This is associated with some equipment, the is disadvantageous.

Profiled strips produced in the known manner have undesirable ones Dimensional deviations.

In contrast, the present invention shows a way of how a profiled ribbon-shaped material z. B. for nibs with greater accuracy, can be manufactured. The flat, level support of the Metal band in connection with a grooving which is best initially non-rotating roller in the quiescent metal belt make a significant contribution. To effect the piercing, the roller is against the plate that is still at rest relocated. Another contribution is made in that the tape tension in all phases of the rolling process can be maintained. At the The known method is different because the rollers are there continuously circulate at constant speed, thereby piercing the profiled roller and thus the tape feed suddenly started and ended again become. A uniform tensile force in the metal strip during profiling, which would be favorable for a uniform work result with high dimensional accuracy not possible with the known method of working.

The metal band comes in one with higher accuracy requirements or in the case of large passes, in several rolling steps until they are reached the depth of the desired profile of the primary material is rolled. In the case of several The metal strip is rolled between two successive steps Rolling steps are retrieved and then the retrieved section of the metal strip rolled again between the roller and the plate. But it can already when retrieving the relevant section of the strip are rolled again. Only when in a section of the metal strip to be profiled in one or several rolling steps and optionally after one or more Return steps the desired profile has been rolled becomes profiling of the next band section of the metal band this next band section conveyed into the roll gap, precisely positioned in its longitudinal direction and then processed in the nip.

However, it would also be possible, after a first rolling step, in a first Band section if necessary after restoring the initial position of the Roller z. B. by turning the roller back and if necessary by moving it back a similar first rolling step in a subsequent one Section of tape, then take the tape back two steps, then a second rolling step in the first strip section and then in the second Strip section to perform the second rolling step.

• - Dadurch, daß das Profil des Metallbandes in mehreren Walzschritten erzeugt wird, erzielt man eine größere Maßhaltigkeit als bisher, was sich z. B. bei Schreibfedern insbesondere im späteren Schaftbereich auswirkt.
• - Da das gewünschte Profil in einem Abschnitt des Metallbandes nicht durch einen einzigen, sondern durch zwei oder mehr als zwei Walzschritte erzeugt wird, können auch härtere Metallbänder profiliert werden, auch federharte Bänder.
• - Dadurch, daß das Profil des Metallbandes in mehreren Walzstichen erzeugt werden kann, können verschiedene Walzarten wie Egalisieren, Vorprofilieren, Plattieren, Maskenwalzen und Spiegelglanzwalzen nacheinander in unterschiedlicher Reihenfolge auf demselben Abschnitt des Metallbandes ausgeführt werden.
• - Das eröffnet der Erfindung Anwendungen, die über den Schreibfederbereich hinausgehen und eine Vielzahl von profilierten Teilen erfaßt, die aus einem bandförmigen Halbzeug gebildet und durch Stanzen des Bandes vereinzelt werden kennen. Anwendungsbeispiele sind elektrische Leiterstrukturen wie z. B. Kontaktfedern, Stromwendelamellen für elektrische Motoren, ferner Leadframes sowie Kettenglieder für Uhrarmbänder und für Schmuckketten.
• - Durch die Möglichkeit, das Profilieren in mehreren Walzschritten vorzunehmen, lassen sich sehr vielgestaltige Profile erzeugen.
• - Zur Vielseitigkeit der Erfindung trägt bei, daß das Metallband nicht in jedem Walzschritt profiliert werden muß, sondern in einem ersten Walzschritt lediglich gleichmäßig in seiner Dicke reduziert werden kann, wozu die Walze jedenfalls auch einen zylindrischen Abschnitt hat, wenn sie nicht ohnehin zylindrisch ist.
• - Der Fortschritt, den die Erfindung bringt, wird durch minimalen apparativen Aufwand erreicht. Ausgehend von einem an sich bekannten Walzgerüst ist in diesem im wesentlichen nur eine Arbeitswalze durch eine Platte zu ersetzen und die Arbeitsweise zu modifizieren, welche zu der Profilierung führt. Ist die Walze in Umfangsrichtung profiliert, dann wird sie vorzugsweise so gestaltet, daß sie in Umfangsrichtung aufeinanderfolgend Abschnitte mit unterschiedlicher Kontur hat, welche insbesondere durch Freisparungen voneinander getrennt sind und in Verbindung mit dem bevorzugten Rückholen des Metallbandes ein wiederholtes Walzen ein und desselben Abschnittes des Metallbandes erlauben.
• - Es ist auch möglich, die Walze zylindrisch auszubilden und die für ein Profilieren erforderliche Veränderung der Höhe des Walzspaltes beim Walzen dadurch zu erzielen, daß man die Walze und/oder die Platte, vorzugsweise die Walze, welche vorzugsweise über der Platte liegt, im Walzgerüst verlagert. Das kann z. B. mit einem Elektromotor geschehen, welcher Spindeln antreibt, welche auf die zu verlagernde Walze und 1 oder Platte einwirken und mit einem eine wiederholbare Einstellung ermöglichenden inkrementalen Drehgeber gekoppelt sind, mit dessen Hilfe der Elektromotor gesteuert wird. Es ist ferner möglich, die Walze und 1 oder die Platte hydraulisch zu verlagern, indem man in jeden Walzenständer im Kopf oder im unteren Querjoch einen hydraulisch arbeitenden Zylinder positioniert. Die beiden Hydraulikzylinder sind in der hydraulisch arbeitenden Walzenanstellung integriert und werden mittels einer Positionsregelung mit Kraftüberwachung angefahren. Die Regelung kann mit Servoventilen als Stellgliedern sowie mit Lage-Sensoren und Druckgebern als Istwertgebern ausgerüstet sein. Damit ist es möglich, nahezu jeden vorgegebenen Kurvenverlauf, abhängig von dem zu walzenden Profil, mit der Walze anzufahren. Gegenüber der Verwendung eines elektronisch gesteuerten elektrischen Servoantriebes hat ein hydraulisches Anstellsystem den Vorteil, schneller und präziser zu sein.
  Mit einem solchen Servoantrieb für das Verlagern der Walze und/oder der als ihr Widerlager dienenden Platte ist es möglich, auch mit einer zylindrischen Walze in einem oder mehreren Schritten ein Profil in das Metallband zu walzen. Es hängt von der gewünschten Profilierung ab, wie der Durchmesser der Walze zu wählen und wie die Walze gegenüber der Platte in Abhängigkeit vom Sandvorschub zu verlagern ist. Eine entsprechende, von dem zu walzenden Profil abgeleitete Steuerkurve für den Antrieb, der die Walze relativ zur Platte verlagern soll, kann als Steuerkurve in einem programmierbaren elektronischen Steuergerät gespeichert sein. Durch Abspeichern mehrerer Steuerkurven kann erfindungsgemäß mit einem Walzgerüst ohne Austausch der Walze eine entsprechende Anzahl von unterschiedlichen Profilieraufgaben in Metallbändern bewältigt werden.
  Es ist außerdem möglich, das Verlagern der Walze während des Walzens anzuwenden bei einem Walzgerüst, welches eine profilierte Walze hat. Durch eine solche Kombination von zwei verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, die Höhe des Walzspaltes im Verlauf des Walzens zu verändern, nämlich durch Verwenden einer profilierten Walze in Kombination mit dem Verlagern der Walze relativ zur Platte, läßt sich die vielseitige Verwendbarkeit des Walzgerüstes zum Herstellen von abschnittsweise profilierten Bändern noch steigern.
  Wird mit einer zylindrischen Walze gearbeitet, ist es vorteilhaft, sie mit einem achsparallelen Einschnitt zu versehen, um auf diese Weise eine Referenz für die Drehwinkelstellung der Walze zu erhalten.
• - Die exakte Positionierung des jeweils geforderten Walzensegments zum Metallband kann mit Hilfe einer Regelung für den Walzendrehwinkel erfolgen.
• - Für das Zurückholen des Metallbandes kommt der Rückholvorrichtung, z. B. einer ersten Haspel, von welcher das zu profilierende Metallband abgewickelt wird, eine besondere Bedeutung zu, weil sie die Länge des Schrittes, um welchen das Metallband zurückgeholt wird, hinreichend genau reproduzieren können muß. Dazu versieht man diese erste Haspel, zweckmäßigerweise auch die das Metallband ziehende zweite Haspel z. B. mit einem Servomotor, welcher einen inkrementalen Drehgeber aufweist, der eine genaue Festlegung der gewünschten Schrittlänge beim Abwickeln und auch beim Aufwickeln ermöglicht. Noch genauer kann man die Schrittlänge festlegen, wenn man die Haspeln mit Bandüberlaufrollen versieht, welche mit einem Inkrementaldrehgeber gekoppelt sind, der in der Bandpositionsregelung als Istwertgeber dient.

The variant of the invention with repeated rolling steps, which deals with the production of raw material profiled on one side, has significant advantages:

• - The fact that the profile of the metal strip is produced in several rolling steps, you achieve a greater dimensional accuracy than before, which z. B. affects nibs especially in the later shaft area.
• - Since the desired profile in a section of the metal strip is not generated by a single, but by two or more than two rolling steps, harder metal strips can also be profiled, even spring-hard strips.
• - Because the profile of the metal strip can be produced in several rolling passes, different types of rolling such as leveling, pre-profiling, plating, masking and mirror-gloss rollers can be carried out in succession in different orders on the same section of the metal strip.
• This opens up the invention to applications which go beyond the nib area and cover a large number of profiled parts which are formed from a band-shaped semi-finished product and are isolated by punching the band. Application examples are electrical conductor structures such as B. contact springs, helix blades for electric motors, lead frames and chain links for watch straps and jewelry chains.
• - The possibility of profiling in several rolling steps means that very varied profiles can be created.
• - The versatility of the invention contributes to the fact that the metal strip does not have to be profiled in each rolling step, but can only be reduced in thickness uniformly in a first rolling step, to which end the roll also has a cylindrical section if it is not cylindrical anyway.
• - The progress that the invention brings is achieved with minimal equipment. Starting from a rolling stand known per se, essentially only one work roll has to be replaced by a plate and the working method which leads to the profiling has to be modified. If the roller is profiled in the circumferential direction, then it is preferably designed so that it has successively circumferentially sections with different contours, which are separated from one another in particular by cutouts and in connection with the preferred retrieval of the metal strip, repeated rolling of one and the same section of the metal strip allow.
• - It is also possible to form the roller cylindrically and to achieve the required change in the height of the roll gap during rolling by profiling the roller and / or the plate, preferably the roller, which is preferably located above the plate, in the roll stand relocated. That can e.g. B. happen with an electric motor that drives spindles, which act on the roller to be shifted and 1 or plate and are coupled with a repeatable setting enabling incremental rotary encoder, with the help of which the electric motor is controlled. It is also possible to move the roller and 1 or the plate hydraulically by positioning a hydraulically operating cylinder in each roller stand in the head or in the lower transverse yoke. The two hydraulic cylinders are integrated in the hydraulically operating roller adjustment and are approached by means of a position control with force monitoring. The control can be equipped with servo valves as actuators and with position sensors and pressure sensors as actual value sensors. This makes it possible to approach almost any given curve, depending on the profile to be rolled, with the roller. Compared to the use of an electronically controlled electric servo drive, a hydraulic adjustment system has the advantage of being faster and more precise.
  With such a servo drive for moving the roller and / or the plate serving as its abutment, it is possible to roll a profile into the metal strip in one or more steps even with a cylindrical roller. It depends on the desired profiling, how to choose the diameter of the roller and how to shift the roller relative to the plate depending on the sand feed. A corresponding control curve, derived from the profile to be rolled, for the drive, which is intended to displace the roller relative to the plate, can be stored as a control curve in a programmable electronic control device. By storing a plurality of control curves, according to the invention, a corresponding number of different profiling tasks can be accomplished in metal strips with a roll stand without replacing the roll.
  It is also possible to apply the shifting of the roll during rolling to a roll stand which has a profiled roll. Such a combination of two different possibilities to change the height of the roll gap during the course of the rolling, namely by using a profiled roll in combination with the displacement of the roll relative to the plate, makes it possible to use the roll stand in many ways for producing strips which have been profiled in sections still increase.
  If you are working with a cylindrical roller, it is advantageous to provide it with an incision parallel to the axis, in order in this way to obtain a reference for the angular position of the roller.
• - The exact positioning of the roller segment required in relation to the metal strip can be carried out with the aid of a regulation for the roller rotation angle.
• - For the return of the metal strip comes the return device, for. B. a first reel, from which the metal strip to be profiled is particularly important because it must be able to reproduce the length of the step by which the metal strip is retrieved with sufficient accuracy. For this you provide this first reel, expediently also the second reel pulling the metal strip z. B. with a servo motor, which has an incremental rotary encoder, which enables a precise definition of the desired step length when unwinding and also when winding. The step length can be specified even more precisely if the reels are provided with belt overflow rollers, which are coupled to an incremental rotary encoder, which serves as an actual value transmitter in the belt position control.

The width of the metal strip can be such that from each of the consecutively arranged belt sections a single profiled part, for. B. a single profiled nib can be punched out. The Economics of the process and a rolling stand working according to the process can easily be multiplied if wider tapes are processed like this are wide, that from each profiled section of the primary material two or more profiled as two adjacent nibs or the like Objects can be formed.

A particularly advantageous development of the invention is the subject of Claim 22. According to this development of the invention, the metal strip is before equalized the rolling of the profile. Leveling is a rolling of the Understood metal strip in a roll stand with a highly constant roll gap, whereby the thickness fluctuations of the metal strip are reduced. Roll stands with two work rolls for leveling are from DE 25 41 402 C2 known, which is referred to for further details. At one for Roll stand suitable for the purposes of the invention becomes a highly constant roll gap thereby achieved that on the outside of the roll neck bearings elongated roll neck from two backup rolls, one of which the plate supports from below and the other supports the work roll from above, perpendicular to preload forces directed away from the rolling stock are exerted on the roll axes be, which can be aligned vertically and preferably in one around the Roll angle deviating from the roll axis plane, due to the incoming Metal strip going line of action. That way it will Working cycle of the rolls in the roll neck bearings reduced.

According to the invention, it is therefore not necessary for the purpose of leveling the rolling stand intended for profiling the metal strip, the rolling stand that serves to equalize. Rather, they will Leveling and profiling carried out in one and the same roll stand, why the metal band not only in the profiling steps is moved in the feed direction through the roll gap. Rather, it will Metal tape first in steps, which - taking into account the following Profiling stretching of the equalized section that is still taking place - at least are as long as the profiling step, with a moderate decrease Thickness equalized. After that, the tape is incremented by at least one for the Profiling required length and at most that when leveling advanced length is retrieved and then is returned to the retrieved section of the Metal strip rolled the profile. In a rolling stand in which the Work roll is profiled and has a peripheral portion with the contour which on the desired course of the thickness z. B. a pen is tuned, which The roller has to be produced from the metal strip for this purpose additionally a cylindrical peripheral section, from which the contour having peripheral portion is separated (claim 25). With the the equalizing step is performed. The cylindrical Perimeter section is in terms of its determination and under Taking into account the elongation of the metal strip that occurs during rolling, chosen so long that the leveled section of the metal strip is at least the length of the Pen has, is preferably a little longer, so that the beginning and 1 or the end of the profiling step a distance from the start and end of the equalized section.

The roll stand used for profiling is therefore advantageously at the same time as one Roll stand designed for leveling and with a step forward and backward working tape feed.

• - Die Dickenschwankungen von ± 20 µm im Vormaterial und damit auch in den daraus herzustellenden Werkstücken, z. B. Schreibfedern, können auf weniger als ± 2 µm, z. B. auf ± 1 µm in einer einzelnen Schreibfeder verringert werden, insbesondere im späteren Schaftbereich der Schreibfedern.
• - Die Reproduzierbarkeit des Verlaufs der Dicke von Schreibfeder zu Schreibfeder kann auf weniger als + 4 µm, z. B. auf + 2 µm verbessert werden.
• - Das sind Genauigkeiten, die bei der Herstellung von Schreibfedern durch Walzen bisher nicht erreicht wurden. Entsprechende Genauigkeiten sind auch bei bandförmigem Vormaterial für andere profilierte Erzeugnisse als Schreibfedern erreichbar.
• - Der große Fortschritt an Genauigkeit wird durch minimalen apparativen Aufwand erreicht. Ausgehend von einem an sich bekannten Walzgerüst ist in diesem gegebenenfalls die der Profilierung dienende Arbeitswalze zu modifizieren, indem sie mit einem geeigneten zylindrischen Abschnitt versehen wird, es ist eine Arbeitswalze gegen eine Platte auszutauschen und es sind die Walzenzapfen von zwei Stützwalzen zur Verringerung des Lagerspiels vorzuspannen, z. B. auf eine der in der DE-25 41 402 C2 offenbarten Weisen. Außerdem benötigt man Mittel, die nicht nur ein schrittweises Vorschieben, sondern auch ein schrittweises Zurückholen des Metallbandes in Schritten erlauben, die ungefähr so lang sind wie die Schritte beim Egalisieren. Das kann, wie schon erwähnt, einfach dadurch geschehen, daß man mindestens eine erste Haspel, von welcher das zu profilierende Metallband abgewickelt wird, mit einem Elektromotor versieht, welcher sich mit hinreichender Genauigkeit in Schritten von der gewünschten Länge steuern und in der Drehrichtung umsteuern läßt. Das geschieht vorzugsweise mit einem Servomotor, welcher einen inkrementalen Drehgeber aufweist, der eine genaue Festlegung der gewünschten Schrittlänge beim Abwickeln und Aufwickeln ermöglicht, oder mittels zweier Servoregler mit Kraftmeßdosen an Umlenkrollen für das Metallband, als Istwertgeber für Haspeln, welche das Metallband abwickeln und aufwickeln und die Zugspannung im Metallband verwirklichen oder alternativ von einer Regelelektronik in Positionsregelung gehalten werden. Als Istwertgeber dienen dabei am besten zwei Inkrementaldrehgeber, die an den beiden Umlenkrollen der Haspeln positioniert sind. Ein Servomotor ist normalerweise mit einem nachgeordneten Getriebe verbunden. Wenn nachstehend von Servomotoren geredet wird, wird unterstellt, daß sie normalerweise ebenfalls mit einem nachgeordneten Getriebe verbunden sind.

The development of the invention according to claim 28 and according to claim 34 has significant advantages:

• - The thickness fluctuations of ± 20 µm in the primary material and thus also in the workpieces to be made from it, e.g. B. nibs can be less than ± 2 microns, z. B. can be reduced to ± 1 micron in a single nib, especially in the later shaft area of the nibs.
• - The reproducibility of the course of the thickness of the nib to nib can be less than + 4 microns, z. B. can be improved to + 2 microns.
• - These are accuracies that have so far not been achieved in the production of nibs by rollers. Corresponding accuracies can also be achieved with strip-shaped primary material for profiled products other than nibs.
• - The great progress in accuracy is achieved with minimal equipment. Starting from a rolling stand known per se, the work roll used for profiling may have to be modified in this by providing it with a suitable cylindrical section, a work roll has to be exchanged for a plate and the roll neck of two support rolls has to be preloaded to reduce the bearing play , e.g. B. in one of the ways disclosed in DE-25 41 402 C2. In addition, means are required which not only allow the metal strip to be pushed forward step by step, but also to bring the metal strip back step by step in steps which are approximately as long as the steps in leveling. As already mentioned, this can be done simply by providing at least one first reel, from which the metal strip to be profiled is unwound, with an electric motor which can be controlled with sufficient accuracy in steps of the desired length and reversed in the direction of rotation , This is preferably done with a servo motor, which has an incremental rotary encoder that enables precise definition of the desired step length during unwinding and rewinding, or by means of two servo controllers with load cells on deflection rollers for the metal strip, as actual value transmitters for reels, which unwind and wind up the metal strip and realize the tensile stress in the metal strip or alternatively be held in position control by control electronics. It is best to use two incremental rotary encoders as actual value encoders, which are positioned on the two deflection rollers of the reels. A servo motor is usually connected to a downstream gear. When servomotors are discussed below, it is assumed that they are normally also connected to a downstream transmission.

• - Das hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß durch das Zusammenspiel der Servomotoren in allen Phasen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, beim Einstechen, beim Egalisieren wie beim Profilieren und beim Rückholen des Metallbandes auf dieses ein definierter Zug ausgeübt werden kann, welcher das Erreichen eines gleichmäßigen Vormaterials mit geringen Dickenschwankungen begünstigt. Dieser Zug soll möglichst gleichbleibend sein und eine gewisse Grundzugkraft nicht unterschreiten, welche beim Herstellen von Schreibfedern z. B. 500 N betragen kann. Beim Zurückholen zieht deshalb die erste Haspel das Metallband mit größerer Kraft gegen die kleinere Aufhaspelkraft der zweiten Haspel. Durch das Aufrechterhalten einer möglichst gleichbleibenden Grundzugkraft im Metallband in allen Phasen der Bearbeitung des Metallbandes erzielt man eine verbesserte Gleichmäßigkeit des gewalzten Vormaterials und vermeidet man das Auftreten eines Bandverlaufs, d. h., das Metallband verzieht sich nicht.
• - Ein weiterer Vorteil des Antriebs der Haspeln mit Servomotoren besteht darin, daß der Bandvorschub und der Antrieb der Walze so gut aufeinander abgestimmt werden können, daß anders als beim Stand der Technik anstelle eines kontinuierlichen Antriebs der Walze ein diskontinuierlicher Walzenantrieb erfolgen kann. Insbesondere kann die Geschwindigkeit, bei der der Einstich der profilierten Walze in das Metallband erfolgt, auf die Bandvorschubgeschwindigkeit so abgestimmt werden, daß beim Einstechen keine abrupte Beschleunigung des Metallbandes erfolgt. Insbesondere kann das Einstechen der profilierten Walze in das Metallband zunächst in Ruhe oder bei langsamem Bandvorschub und bei langsamer Walzendrehung erfolgen, gefolgt von einer beschleunigten Bandvorschubbewegung und Walzendrehung. Dies ist für das Erreichen von geringen Maßtoleranzen besonders vorteilhaft.
• - Dadurch, daß das Metallband mittels einer Bandpositionsregelung im Walzspalt relativ zur Walze positioniert wird, die mit Hilfe einer Walzendrehwinkelregelung für jeden Walzschritt erneut exakt positioniert wird, bleiben Maßabweichungen in den Profilabständen je nach Profil im hundertstel Millimeter Bereich.
• - Ein weiterer Vorteil der Verwendung von Servomotoren zum Antrieb der Haspeln besteht darin, daß besondere Sandspanneinrichtungen, wie sie im Stand der Technik erforderlich sind, nicht benötigt werden.
• - Ein weiterer Vorteil der Verwendung der Servomotoren zum Antrieb der Haspeln besteht darin, daß der Bandvorschub durch ein programmierbares elektronisches Steuergerät sehr exakt auf die Länge und Lage der profilierten Bandabschnitte und auf die Walzendrehung abgestimmt werden kann, vorzugsweise auch auf die vertikale Verlagerung der Walze, um insbesondere bei einem durch einen zylindrischen Walzenmantel oder Walzenmantelabschnitt begrenzten Walzspalt dessen Höhe zu verändern und dadurch eine bestimmte Profilierung zu erzeugen.

A second reel, which winds up the profiled metal strip, is preferably also provided with such a servo motor.

• - This has the further advantage that through the interaction of the servomotors in all phases of the method according to the invention, during grooving, leveling and profiling and when retrieving the metal strip, a defined tension can be exerted on it, which achieves the achievement of a uniform primary material with little Favored thickness fluctuations. This train should be as constant as possible and should not fall below a certain basic tensile force, which z. B. can be 500 N. When retrieving, the first reel therefore pulls the metal strip with greater force against the smaller reeling force of the second reel. By maintaining a basic tensile force in the metal strip that is as constant as possible in all phases of processing the metal strip, improved uniformity of the rolled starting material is achieved and the occurrence of a strip course is avoided, ie the metal strip does not warp.
• - Another advantage of driving the reel with servo motors is that the tape feed and the drive of the roller can be coordinated so well that, unlike in the prior art, a discontinuous roller drive can take place instead of a continuous drive of the roller. In particular, the speed at which the profiled roller punctures the metal strip can be matched to the strip feed speed in such a way that there is no abrupt acceleration of the metal strip during the piercing. In particular, the profiled roller can first be inserted into the metal strip at rest or with a slow strip feed and with slow roller rotation, followed by an accelerated strip feed movement and roller rotation. This is particularly advantageous for achieving small dimensional tolerances.
• - Due to the fact that the metal strip is positioned relative to the roll by means of a strip position control in the roll gap, which is precisely positioned again for each rolling step with the aid of a roll rotation angle control, dimensional deviations in the profile spacings remain in the hundredths of a millimeter range depending on the profile.
• Another advantage of using servomotors to drive the reels is that special sand tensioning devices, such as are required in the prior art, are not required.
• A further advantage of using the servo motors for driving the reels is that the belt feed can be adjusted very precisely to the length and position of the profiled belt sections and to the roll rotation, preferably also to the vertical displacement of the roll, by means of a programmable electronic control unit. in order to change the height of a roll gap delimited by a cylindrical roll jacket or roll jacket section and thereby to produce a specific profile.

The retrieval of the metal strip can not only be done by one on the inlet side of the roll gap arranged reel happen, but also by an as Plier feed device designed return device. This Embodiment is particularly suitable for working shorter or stiffer Bands. If the return device is a tong feed device, it can can also be used to advance the metal strip and the Feed roll gap.

The sequence control of the method depends on the return device, which controls the belt position, the angle of rotation of the roller and the Position of the roller linked together.

Instead of a reel arranged on the outlet side of the roll gap, as a pulling device for the strip emerging from the roll gap during rolling a tong feed device can also be used. This too Embodiment is particularly suitable for working shorter or stiffer Bands.

The quality of the band-shaped primary material is increased if both when grooving and rolling as well as when retrieving the Band in which a defined train is maintained, in particular by means of a belt tension control with two servo controllers and load cells on the Deflection pulleys as actual value transmitters for the reels, this favorable influence all the more occurs more, the thinner the metal band. But also with thicker belts it is advantageous to insert the strip during piercing and during rolling and Retrieving between the retriever and the puller by one coordinated movement of these two devices under tension to hold and to guide exactly.

In the method according to the invention, the optimal belt tension can be achieved in all Phases of a rolling step are maintained, especially in the critical phase of inserting a profiled roller into the metal strip, because because each rolling step due to the nature of the invention discontinuous multi-step rolling process from standstill of the roll, the plate and the metal strip starts out, the engagement of the profiled roller takes place in the metal band not suddenly, but so gently that in this critical Phase of inserting the profiled roller into the metal strip and in the entire rolling step the tensile force of the sand tensioning device, for. B. the reels on an optimal constant value for the respective band can be regulated. For this purpose, the reels and the roller when accelerating and braking the Metal strip and the roller with advantage with their respective drive motors accelerated or braked synchronously and to the same extent.

The optimal preload with which the bearing play of the support rollers is clamped away, can be determined empirically for the respective application and then remains constant for the application. The optimization takes place preferably so that the elongation of the Roll stand determined when leveling and by appropriate adjustment of the Bias is compensated.

The device specified in claim 51 for producing a strip-shaped primary material made of metal by rolling a metal strip after The method according to the invention has a roll stand in which a roll and a linearly displaceable plate facing the roll a roll gap limit, as well as one arranged on the inlet side of the roll gap Return device for the metal strip, for which a drive motor is provided, which is a retrieval of the metal strip in steps of a predetermined length enables, in particular a servo motor, the plate being synchronized with the roller and / or with the metal band in the predetermined direction of movement that the Has metal strip in the nip, drivable and independent of that Metal belt can be driven and retrieved. The ability to synchronize the plate with the Moving roller and 1 or with the metal belt ensures that the Metal strip does not slip when rolling on the plate directly in the roll gap experiences. In addition, the plate can be driven independently of the metal band and retrievable to in one after the completion of a rolling process selected section of the metal strip to be able to retrieve the plate without the Need to retrieve metal tape so that the metal tape in one following section can be rolled. The plate can be driven directly take place, but is preferably done indirectly, by the plate during the rolling of the driven roller and from the driven metal belt, preferably also from one arranged under the plate and supporting the plate, driven backup roller is taken. The latter can be the plate between two also retrieve successive rolling steps; that's enough Friction between the support roller and the plate lying on it, whereby if necessary, the frictional force caused by the weight of the plate by pressing elements, which additionally press the plate against the support roller press, can be reinforced. With such pressing elements, it can for example, rollers that act on the plate by pressure medium cylinders be pressed.

Profiled metal parts obtained by cutting metal strips and in sections by only one rolling step of the discontinuous Rolling process are formed z. B. use in the automotive industry and can replace metal parts there, which were previously expensive using welding processes getting produced.

The invention is not only applicable to the rolling of metal strips in the sense of how the term "metal band" is used here, but also on Tapes made of plastic, and tapes made of a composite material Plastic basis exist, for example a plastic with metallic or mineral or ceramic fillers, or metallized plastic tapes as well as plastic straps coated with plastic.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the attached schematic drawings showing embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a partially sectional side view of a machine according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a partially sectioned front view of the machine,

FIG. 3 shows a section of the machine that is enlarged compared to FIG. 1, namely the main part of the roll stand of the machine,

Fig. 3a shows the detail X from FIG. 3,

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged section of the machine compared to FIG. 2, namely the roll stand,

FIG. 4a shows the detail Y from FIG. 4,

Fig. 5-10 show a flowchart of a first executable by the machine work method,

Fig. 11-16 show a flowchart of a second executable by the machine work method,

Fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram for carrying out the invention with two cylindrical rollers,

Fig. 18 shows a modified machine according to the invention in one of the Fig. 1 representation corresponding

Fig. 19 shows a producible by the invention metal band with grooves which widen in the rectangular slots,

FIG. 20 shows a metal strip which can be produced by the invention and has grooves which widen in an arcuate recess, and FIG. 21 shows a metal strip which can be produced by the invention and has grooves which expand in rectangular recesses and with depressions which form a closed one Have a border.

Corresponding parts are identical in the examples Reference numbers designated.

The machine shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 has a foundation 1 , on which a roll stand 2 is built in the middle, in front of and behind which a receiving device 3 and 4 for a reel 5 and 6 is attached, which by a Drive motor 7 , 8 designed as an electric servo motor can be driven.

A work roll 12 , hereinafter simply referred to as a roll, is mounted in the lateral installation parts 9 of the roll stand and, together with a flat plate 67 arranged underneath, delimits a roll gap 13 . Above the roller 12 and below the plate 67 , a support roller 14 or 15 is installed in built-in parts 10 and 10 a, which is larger in diameter than the roller 12 . The built-in parts 9 , 9 a of the work roll 12 are each arranged in a section of the built-in parts 10 , 10 a of the support rolls 14 , 15 .

A metal strip 15 to be processed runs from the reel 5 via an overflow roller 17 into the roll gap 13 , passes through it and passes via a further overflow roller 18 to the second reel 6 , which winds up the metal strip 16 processed in the roll stand 2 . Between the nip 13 and the second guide roll 18 or a device 19 is provided for the suction of rolling oil in which the metal strip 16 is cleaned by the rolling oil.

The structure of the roll stand 2 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4. It follows from this that the roller 12 , the diameter of which is only approximately 113 of the diameter of the support rollers 14 and 15, is mounted with its roller journals 20 and 21 in roller journal bearings 22 which are designed as roller bearings. A roller pin 21 of the roller 12 is extended beyond its roller pin bearing 22 and is formed as part of a cardanic suspension 23 , which enables the roller 12 to be driven by means of a cardan shaft 24 . An electric motor 41 driving the roller 12 synchronously via the cardan shaft 24 is shown in FIG. 2. It drives the roller 12 and the lower support roller 15 via a branching gear 48 . But it is also possible to drive the roller 12 and the backup roller 15 by two separate motors.

The support rollers 14 and 15 have roll journals 25, which are mounted in roller bearings constructed as a roll neck bearing 26 of the lateral fitting portions 10 and 10 a. The roller journals 25 are extended beyond the roller journal bearings 26 and are inserted in bearing shells 27 , of which the bearing shells of the lower support roller 14 are braced with the foundation 1 , while the bearing shells 27 of the upper support roller 15 are braced with a crossbar 28 arranged above them. The clamping takes place in each case with a threaded rod 29 extending from the bearing shell 27 , on which a set of disc springs 30 is arranged, which is clamped by a nut 31 . This is only shown above the traverse 28 , but is provided in the same way on the foundation 1 . This preload reduces the bearing play of the support rollers 14 and 15 and thus its influence on the deviations in the thickness of the rolled metal strip from its target thickness. The roller 12 and the support rollers 14 and 15 thus achieve a concentricity of ± 1 μm.

The plate 67 is not supported solely by the lower support roller 15 , but also by two fields of ball bearings 65 , one field of which is arranged on the inlet side of the roll gap 13 and one field on the outlet side of the roll gap 13 . The ball bearings each consist of a pot 69 which is tightly closed by a spherical cover 70 . The cover 70 has a circular, centrally arranged opening through which a ball 71 , which is arranged under the cover and whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the central hole, engages with part of its spherical surface. The ball 71 is pressed against the spherical cover 70 by a spring 72 arranged in the pot 69 . In this way, the ball 71 between the edge of the central opening of the cover 70 and the spring 72 is resilient and otherwise freely movable. The ball bearings 65 are arranged in the two fields so that their balls lie with their upper side in a common plane in which they support the underside of the plate 67 resiliently and smoothly, that is to say with low friction. The ball bearings are arranged in brackets 66 , which are attached to the roll stand 2 in an adjustable height. The height of the ball bearings 65 is adjusted so that the plate 67 presses the balls 71 slightly from the edge of the central opening in the cover 70 during rolling, when it is pressed against the lower support roller 15 .

The lower support roll 15 is adjustable by means of an operating with adjusting wedges 73, which is designated between the two roll stands window beds and the two lower roller bearing bodies of the lower support roller 15 in the vertical direction. The plate 67 can thus also be adjusted in the vertical direction.

On the underside of the plate 67 , two toothed racks 82 , which are parallel to one another and which extend in the direction of the double arrow ( FIG. 3), are fastened with the interposition of disc springs 84 ; The toothed racks 82 mesh with two toothed rings 83 which are fastened laterally on the lower support roller 15 , in particular by shrinking onto the support roller 15 . In this way, the plate 67 can be driven very precisely by the lower support roller 15 , which in turn is driven by the electric motor 41 ( FIG. 2). The plate springs 84 compensate for a flattening of the support roller 15 , which can be caused by the rolling forces.

Alternatively, the plate 67 does not have its own drive, but is carried along by the synchronous driving of the roller 12 , the metal strip 16 and the lower support roller 15 by means of a frictional engagement. If the plate 67 is to be retrieved between two rolling steps, this is done by driving the lower support roller 15 in the appropriate direction, the required frictional engagement between the support roller 15 and the plate 67 being brought about by the weight of the plate 57 . If the dead weight for a reliable frictional engagement is not sufficient, the disk can be additionally pressed 67 against the backing roll 15 by rollers shown with the aid of pressure cylinders on the sberseite of the plate are not pressed 67th

The required prestressing of the roll stand 2 is generated with the aid of two spindles 32 and 33 , which press from above onto the cross member 28 and onto the bearing shells 27 and each by its own electric motor 34 arranged on the top of the roll stand 2 (see FIG. 1) be driven. For this purpose, both electric motors 34 have a drive shaft 49 designed as a pinion, the teeth of which each mesh with a gear 5 a. The two gear wheels 50 are fixed in a rotationally fixed manner on one spindle 32 and on the other spindle 33 . The suitable preload of the roll stand is determined empirically from the elongation of the roll stand in the respective application and set so that the elongation is compensated for. After this presetting, the machine according to the invention operates as follows:

The metal strip 16 to be processed is unwound from the first reel 5 , passed through the roll gap 13 , pulled up to the second reel 6 and fastened thereon.

The plate 67 has a flat top. The roller 12 has a lateral surface ( FIG. 5) with a profiled circumferential section 35 , which has a length L1 as measured in the circumferential direction of the roller 12 , and a cylindrical circumferential section 36 , which has a length L2 as measured in the circumferential direction of the roller 12 , both separated from one another by two exemptions 37 and 38 . The cylindrical circumferential section 36 of the lateral surface has the greatest distance from the axis of the roller 12 , the cutouts 31 and 38 have the smallest distance from the axis of the roller 12 . The profiled peripheral portion 35 of the lateral surface has a contour, the course of which is coordinated in the circumferential direction with the longitudinal course of the thickness of a workpiece, for. B. a pen, which is finally to be made from the metal strip 15 .

In Figs. 5 to 16, the plate 67, which supports the metal strip 16 in the rolling is shown only partially.

The processing of the metal strip 16 begins with the cylindrical circumferential portion 36 of the roller 12 penetrating into the metal strip stretched between the two reels 5 and 6 , gently when the metal strip 16 is at a standstill and when the roller 12 is not rotating, at most at a slower rate low peripheral speed of the cylindrical peripheral section 36 adapted feed speed of the metal strip 16 . This puncturing phase is shown in FIG. 5, but not to scale, but with an excessively thick metal band 16 . In the further course of FIGS. 6 to 16, the stitch decreases of the metal strip by the rolling process are also exaggerated in order to make the rolling process clearer. The cylindrical peripheral section 36 rolls on the metal strip 16 and typically reduces its thickness from 0.66 mm to 0.60 mm while at the same time equalizing the thickness. The end of the leveling step is shown in FIG. 6. The metal strip 16 now comes out of the engagement of the cylindrical peripheral portion 36 of the roller 12 , which rotates a little further until the cutout 37 faces the metal strip 16 . Preferably with the roller 12 and the plate 67 stopped, the metal strip 16 is now brought back by reversing the two drive motors 7 and 8 designed as servomotors, namely by a length which is greater than L1 but less than L2; L2 is the length over which the metal strip 16 has been leveled. The length by which the metal strip 16 is retrieved is chosen so that in the next step ( Fig. 7), when the movement of the roller 12 and the feed movement of the metal strip 16 are restarted, the profiled peripheral portion 35 of the roller 12 , which which has a contour matched to the workpieces to be produced, immediately after the beginning of the leveled section of the metal strip 16 gently punctures it ( FIG. 7) or slightly, for. B. 2 mm, behind. While the cutout 37 faces the metal strip 16, the spindles 32 is displaced and 33, the roller 12 to such an extent downwardly by turning, that the roller 12 reaches the desired penetration depth with the next piercing terminals in the metal strip 16 profiled peripheral portion 35 , When the second roller 12 rotates further and the metal strip 16 is advanced by means of the second reel 6 , the profiled circumferential section 35 rolls the intended profile over the entire width of the metal strip 16 into its equalized section ( FIGS. 7 and 8). Fig. 8 shows the end point of the roll forming step. It ends at a short distance before the end of the equalized section at its level. As the rotation of the roller 12 progresses, the cutout 38 faces the metal strip 16 . In this phase, the upper roller 12 is moved upwards again by rotating the spindles 32 and 33 , so that the height of the roll gap 13 required for the subsequent leveling rolling step is set. The position of the cutout 38 between the profiled circumferential section 35 and the cylindrical circumferential section 36 of the roller 12 and the positioning of the metal strip 16 in the roll gap 13 by means of the servomotors 7 and 8 of the reels 5 and 6 is coordinated with one another such that the next puncture of the cylindrical circumferential section 36 takes place at a small, approximately 2 mm distance behind the end of the previously leveled section of the metal strip 16 ( FIG. 9), which initiates a further leveling step, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

During leveling, profiling and retrieval, the servomotors 8 and 9 ensure that the tension in the metal strip 16 is as uniform as possible.

Unless it is the greater accuracy that can be achieved by the leveling step does not arrive, it can be omitted and the metal band can be in its relevant sections are processed by only one rolling step at a time, namely by those through which the section is profiled.

The exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS . 11 to 16 differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS . 5 to 10 in that the upper roller 12 not only with two peripheral sections, but with three peripheral sections 35 , 36 and 40 , which are provided with cutouts 37 , 38 and 39 are separated from each other, acts on the metal strip 16 to be machined. The roll stand 2 provided for this purpose has the same structure as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, with the proviso that the roller 12 shown in FIGS. 11 to 16 is used as the roller 12 , the profiling of the roller 12 being exaggerated is strongly represented. The leveling step is not mandatory in this example either.

The peripheral portion 36 is cylindrical, whereas the two peripheral portions 35 and 40 have a non-cylindrical profile. As in the example of FIGS. 5 to 10, the cylindrical circumferential section 36 is continuously at the greatest distance from the axis of the roller 12 , which is advantageous when it comes to regrinding the cylindrical circumferential section, which is used for leveling, as required.

The working method shown in FIGS . 11 to 16 corresponds to the working method shown in FIGS . 5 to 10 with the special feature that after leveling the relevant section of the metal strip 16 is not profiled in a single, but in two successive rolling steps, between which the metal strip 16 is retrieved again.

FIG. 11 shows, analogously to FIG. 5, the insertion of the cylindrical peripheral section 36 of the roller 12 into the metal strip 16 . FIG. 12 shows, analogously to FIG. 6, the end of the leveling rolling step. By turning the roller 12 further, the metal strip 16 comes out of its engagement and can be retrieved by the reel 5 . During this phase, the roller 12 is moved downwards by means of the spindles 32 and 33 in order to adjust the height of the roller gap 13 for the subsequent first roll forming operation, the beginning of which is shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 13 corresponds to FIG. 7 and shows the piercing of the first non-cylindrical, profiled peripheral section 35 of the roller 12 . Fig. 14 corresponds to Fig. 8 and shows the end of the first roll forming step.

When the roller 12 continues to rotate, the metal strip 16 comes out of its engagement again and in this phase, while the cutout 39 faces the metal strip 16 , it is brought back again and by actuating the spindles 32 and 33 of the roll gap 13 for the second roll forming step set, the beginning of which is shown with the piercing of the profiled peripheral section 40 in FIG. 15.

Fig. 16 shows the end of the second profiling step. By turning the roller 12 further, the metal strip 16 becomes free again and can be positioned for leveling in the subsequent strip section, with simultaneous or subsequent adjustment of the height of the roll gap 13 provided for leveling. The sequence of steps shown in FIGS. 11 to 16 is then repeated. In order to achieve a high reproducibility of the angle of rotation of the roller 12 , it is best to turn the roller 12 back into a predetermined starting position (e.g. 0 ° position) after each process cycle in order to avoid inaccuracies being caused by continued full rotations add the roller 12 .

This way of working is particularly suitable for the production of profiled Sections in strips where the desired stitch acceptance is not or only difficult or not with the desired accuracy in one Roll forming step can be achieved.

The invention can also be carried out with more than two roll forming steps. In order to be able to accommodate the required number of peripheral sections which take part in the rolling process, the diameter of the roller 12 can be increased as required.

It is also possible to provide, in addition to or instead of a leveling rolling step, a reducing rolling step in which the thickness of the metal strip 16 is initially reduced evenly in sections before it is profiled in a later rolling step.

The invention is applicable not only to the manufacture of primary material for nibs, but also for the manufacture of other ribbon-shaped primary materials which are profiled in a sequence of regularly recurring sections over the entire width of the metal ribbon 16 , e.g. B. for the production of a strip-shaped material for the production of electrical conductor structures such. B. contact springs or lead frames or for the production of grooved strips with transverse to the longitudinal direction of the metal strip 16 parallel or not parallel to the roller axis with or without pockets or recesses, which grooves extend continuously from one to the other longitudinal edge of the metal strip and from which z , B. commutator bars, electrical connectors or other electrical contact parts can be punched out. Profiling stiffened sheet metal parts for the automotive industry can also be produced inexpensively and with high accuracy. Any profile shape that can be produced using optionally profiled rollers can be formed by the method according to the invention.

Fig. 17 shows in a schematic diagram how the servo motors 7 and 8 of the two reels 5 and 6, likewise preferably designed as servomotors formed electric motors 41 and 42 for driving the roller 12 and the backup roller 15, and the two electric motors 34, wherein which are preferably also servomotors with a subordinate gear 34 a and with which the roller 12 can be moved by means of the spindles 33 and 32 , are linked to one another via a uniform electronic control device 43 . Thus, depending on a profile shape given to the control device 43 and preferably stored in digital form, which is to be rolled into the metal strip 16 , the feed of the metal strip 16 during rolling and during retrieval can be controlled by controlling the servomotors 7 and 8 , the roller being matched thereto 12 and the support roller 15 are rotated, stopped and, if necessary, turned back and, depending on the feed of the metal strip 16 and the profile shape entered into the control device 43 , the roller 12 is displaced by actuating the electric motors 34 . The current positions are reported back to the control unit 43 by incremental rotary encoders. These encoders are part of the servomotors 7 , 8 , 41 and 42 . Between the spindles 32 and 33 and the two servo motors 34 , an incremental rotary encoder 44 is shown separately as an example.

Fig. 17 shows a cylindrical roller 12 which has a radial, axially parallel notch 45 in order to win reference for its rotation angle position. In the event that the roller 12 has a non-cylindrical peripheral portion, as shown in the previous examples, a displacement of the roller 12 during the rolling can be omitted; if necessary, it would only take place between the individual rolling steps.

The curve, according to which the roller 12 is shifted, can not only be stored in the control unit by software. In principle, mechanical cam control is also possible with the aid of a cam disc running synchronously with the belt feed.

The device shown in FIG. 17 can also be used to produce metal strips or metal strips with a different profile extending transversely to their longitudinal direction if the roller 12 is provided with a corresponding profile which extends in the circumferential direction and extends continuously over the entire width of the metal strip 16 .

Fig. 18 shows a comparison with FIGS. 1 to 4 modified embodiment. It differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 in that instead of reels 5 and 6, pliers feed devices 52 and 53 are provided. This embodiment is particularly suitable for shorter or thicker metal strips 16 , which cannot be wound so easily.

The tongs feed devices 52 and 53 have a slide 56 , 57 , which can be approximated and removed from the roll gap 13 in the horizontal direction by means of a servo motor 54 , 55 . For this purpose, a dovetail-shaped tongue 58 is provided on the underside of the carriage 56 , 57 , which engages in a matching dovetail-shaped groove 59 , 60 , which is formed on an attachment part 61 , 62 of the roll stand 2 . Through the engagement of groove 59 , 60 and tongue 58 , the carriages 56 , 57 are precisely guided horizontally. Other types of guidance are possible. On each carriage 56 , 57 there is a lower jaw 63 rigidly attached to the carriage and an upper sack 64 , the distance from which is variable from the lower jaw, preferably by means of a pressure medium cylinder. The metal strip 16 is passed between the two jaws 63 and 64 , which form a pair of pliers or clamps, and clamped as required. The tongs feed devices 52 and 53 can be actuated and moved individually, but also in concert with one another. In the second case, it is possible to maintain a defined tensile stress in the section of the metal strip 16 clamped between the two tongs feed devices 52 and 53 , both during rolling and when retrieving.

As shown in FIG. 18, the two tong feed devices 52 and 53 are arranged adjacent to the roll gap 13 . The device is on the outlet side of the nip 13 in the rolling direction to the gripper feed device 53 following 19 arranged for the suction of rolling oil to which a thickness gauge joins 51, which reports the thickness of the rolled metal strip 16 contactlessly detected with a probe or, and so that in the event of deviations from the desired thickness, control or regulating action can be taken in order to change the height of the roll gap 13 in a suitable manner.

Fig. 19 shows a producible by the invention metal strip 16, which has been profiled with the formation of transverse grooves 74 in the underside of the metal strip 16 and of transverse grooves 75 and 76 in the top surface of the metal strip 16 by the inventive method on both sides, wherein in a first pass, the grooves 74 in the underside and in a second pass, after turning the metal strip, the grooves 75 and 76 were formed in the top of the metal strip 16 . However, the order of the process steps is not mandatory. In the example shown, the grooves 74 are narrower than the overlying grooves 75 , which alternate with the narrower grooves 76 in the top of the metal strip 16 . A special feature is that the wider grooves 75 continue into rectangular niches 77 , the depth of which is measured in the longitudinal direction 79 of the band 16 is relatively small, so that the displacement of the material from the niches can be controlled.

The metal strip shown in FIG. 20, which can be produced according to the invention, differs from the metal strip shown in FIG. 19 in that instead of rectangular niches 77, arc-shaped niches 78 have been produced.

The invention not only allows the production of metal strips with grooves that expand into rectangular or arc-shaped recesses, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, but also makes it possible to form depressions 80 in a metal strip 16 one after the other and / or next to one another, which have a closed border, e.g. B. are triangular, rectangular or circular, as shown in Fig. 21. Other shapes are possible. In the example shown in FIG. 20, the depressions 80 are delimited by peripheral walls which run at right angles or almost at right angles to the plate 67 . The circumferential walls of the depressions 80 can, however, also run obliquely to the plate 67 , in such a way that the depressions widen from the bottom toward the top of the metal strip 16 .

Such depressions 80 can be formed by moving the metal strip 16 through the gap between the work roll 12 and a plate 67 , which on its upper side has bumps 81 complementary to the depressions 80 , which are shown schematically in FIGS . 3a and 4a , List of reference numbers 1 foundation
2 roll stand
3 receiving device
4 receiving device
5 reels
6 reels
7 drive motor (servo motor)
8 drive motor (servo motor)
9 Installation part for work rolls
10 Installation part for back-up rolls
12 roll (work roll)
13 roll gap
14 backup roller
15 backup roller
16 metal band
17 overflow roller
18 overflow roller
19 Device for extracting rolling oil
20 roll neck
21 roll neck
22 roll neck bearings (roller bearings)
23 gimbals
24 cardan shaft
25 roll neck
26 roll neck bearings (roller bearings)
27 camp scarves
28 traverse
29 threaded rod
30 disc springs
31 mother
32 spindle
33 spindle
34 electric motor
34 a downstream transmission
35 profiled peripheral section
36 cylindrical peripheral portion
37 Exemption
38 Exemption
39 Exemption
40 profiled peripheral section
41 electric motors
42 electric motors
43 electronic control unit
44 encoders
45 incision
48 gears
49 wave
50 gear
51 thickness gauge
52 tong feeder
53 Plier feed device
54 engine for 52
55 engine for 53
56 sledges
57 sledges
58 spring
59 groove
60 groove
61 attachment part
62 attachment part
63 lower jaws
64 upper jaws
65 ball bearings
66 brackets
67 plate
69 pot
70 lids
71 bullet
72 spring
73 adjustment
74 grooves in the bottom of 16
75 grooves in the top of 16
76 grooves in the top of 16
77 niches in 75
78 niches in 75
79 longitudinal direction of 16
80 deepening
81 humps
82 rack
83 ring gear
84 disc springs

Claims (74)

1. Method for producing a strip-shaped primary material made of metal, which is profiled on one side or on both sides in successive sections, by rolling a metal strip in one or more rolling steps, by performing the following process steps: a) tensioning the metal strip ( 16 ), b) positioning the metal strip ( 16 ) in a roll gap ( 13 ) which is delimited by a roll ( 12 ) and by a movable plate ( 67 ), relative to the roll ( 12 ), c) positioning the plate ( 67 ) relative to the roller ( 12 ), steps (b) and (c) can be carried out successively or simultaneously or overlapping one another in time or in reverse order in succession and step (c) can also take place before step (a), a) piercing into the metal strip ( 16 ) with the roller ( 12 ) by reducing the distance between the lateral surface () of the roller ( 12 ) from the metal strip ( 16 ), the metal strip ( 16 ) being kept at rest at least during the start of the piercing or possibly moved so slowly and the roller ( 12 ) is not rotated or at most so slowly that the metal strip ( 16 ) remains under tension in the roll gap ( 13 ), b) rolling a section of the metal strip ( 16 ) in the roll gap ( 13 ), for which purpose the roller ( 12 ) is rotated and the plate ( 67 ) is moved in a straight line synchronously with it or taken along, c) releasing the metal strip ( 16 ) by opening the roll gap ( 13 ), wherein steps (b) to (f) are repeated for each section of the metal strip ( 16 ) to be profiled. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is profiled only on one side. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is first profiled only on one side and then turned so that its profiled side of the plate ( 67 ) faces, and that the metal strip ( 16 ) thereafter on it other side is profiled. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that after the profiling of one side of the metal strip ( 16 ), the plate ( 67 ) is replaced by such a plate which has a profile which the profile already rolled in the metal strip ( 16 ) complements. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flat plate ( 67 ) is used if the metal strip ( 16 ) is profiled only on one side or initially only on one side. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the metal band ( 16 ) recesses ( 80 ) are formed with a closed border, for which purpose such a plate is used as plate ( 67 ) which is complementary to the recesses ( 80 ) bumps ( 81 ). 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that simultaneously with the formation of the recesses ( 80 ) by the action of the roller ( 12 ), which is opposite the plate ( 67 ) on the metal strip ( 16 ), a moderate reduction in the thickness of the metal strip ( 16 ) is brought about overall. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the moderate reduction in the thickness of the metal strip ( 16 ) is approximately 10% of its previous thickness. 9. The method according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the recesses ( 80 ) are formed in several steps and the slope of the peripheral wall of the recesses ( 80 ) increases from step to step. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile stress in the metal strip ( 16 ) is kept constant during piercing and during rolling. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when performing several rolling steps for profiling the metal strip ( 16 ) in the sections provided for the process steps (b) to (e) are repeated and for this purpose after opening the roll gap ( 13 ) the metal strip ( 16 ) is retrieved and rolled again by the action of the same roller ( 12 ) in the roll gap ( 13 ) in the retrieved section. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is not rolled during the retrieval. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized gekenanzeichnef that the metal strip ( 16 ) is rolled even during the retrieval. 14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate ( 67 ) is floating. 15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) delimits the roll gap ( 13 ) from above and that the plate ( 67 ) lies horizontally and is supported by a support roller ( 15 ). 16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate ( 67 ) is supported on both sides of the roll gap ( 13 ). 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the plate ( 67 ) on both sides of the roll gap ( 13 ) is supported by rolling elements (). 18. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the plate ( 67 ) facing the roller ( 12 ) is flat. 19. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate ( 67 ) is moved during rolling in that it is carried by driving the roller ( 12 ) and / or the metal strip ( 16 ). 20. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the plate ( 67 ) is moved in that it is entrained by driving its backup roller ( 15 ). 21. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is retrieved by a length which is shorter than the circumference of the roller ( 12 ). 22. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is equalized by the rolling at the same time. 23. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the roller ( 12 ) in the sections of the metal strip ( 16 ) a profile is rolled, which extends over the entire width of the metal strip ( 16 ), so that the metal strip ( 16 ) has a varying thickness along its length. 24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that a periodically repeating profile is rolled into the metal strip ( 16 ). 25. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ), the plate ( 67 ) and the metal strip ( 16 ) are accelerated and braked synchronously and to the same extent in the rolling steps. 26. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for producing a strip-shaped material with a selected profile, which recurs in successive sections of the material, the metal strip ( 16 ) with its sections to be profiled repeatedly in steps of predetermined lengths through the roll gap ( 13 ) and the height of the roll gap ( 13 ) is reduced from rolling step to rolling step until the desired depth of the selected profile of the primary material is reached in the relevant sections of the metal strip ( 16 ). 27. The method according to any one of the preceding claims in connection with claim 14, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is reduced in its thickness in a first rolling step, but is not yet profiled. 28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is leveled in the first rolling step. 29. The method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the reduction rolling step is followed by one or more roll forming steps in one and the same roll gap ( 13 ). 30. The method according to claim 27, 28 or 29, characterized in that the Length (L2) of the reduction rolling step in which the metal strip if necessary, is also leveled, - taking into account the at subsequent profiling, still stretching of the reduced section - greater than the length (L1) of the next one Roll forming step. 31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is retrieved after the reducing rolling step by a length which is less than the length (L2) of the reducing rolling step and greater than the length (L1) of the the next subsequent roll forming step in the same section of the metal strip ( 16 ). 32. The method according to any one of the preceding claims in connection with claim 14, characterized by the use of a roll stand ( 2 ), in which the roller ( 12 ) in its lateral surface has a profiled section ( 35 , 40 ) with a contour which together with the plate ( 67 ) limits the roll gap ( 13 ). 33. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) has a cylindrical outer surface, which is preferably divided into segments of the same or different diameters. 34. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 32 in conjunction with claim 19, characterized in that before rolling a profile, the metal tape ( 16 ) in the roll gap ( 13 ) between the roll ( 12 ) and the plate ( 67 ) initially in steps equalized by a length (L2) that does not fall below the length (L1) of the first profile rolling step, with a moderate decrease in its thickness, then retrieved by a step of at least the length (L1) of the first profile rolling step and at most the second length (L2) and then in the retrieved section of the metal strip ( 16 ) the profile is rolled, and that the roller ( 12 ) for leveling the metal strip ( 16 ) has a cylindrical peripheral portion ( 36 ) on its outer surface, which of which has a non-cylindrical contour , profiled peripheral sections ( 35 , 40 ) is separated. 35. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the rolling of the metal strip ( 16 ) the roller ( 12 ) of the roll stand ( 2 ) is shifted to change the height of the roll gap ( 13 ). 36. The method according to claim 35, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) is displaced by a servo drive ( 32 , 34 , 44 ). 37. The method according to claim 36, characterized in that one or two electric motors ( 34 ) or one or two short hydraulic cylinders are used for the servo drive. 38. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that the displacement of the roller ( 12 ) by means of a program-controlled drive ( 32 , 33 , 34 , 44 ) takes place, in a programmable control device ( 43 ) in the respective rolling step generating profile is stored as a control curve for the drive ( 32 , 33 , 34 , 44 ) causing the displacement of the roller ( 12 ). 39. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 38, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) has an axially parallel cut ( 45 ). 40. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) is driven step by step and synchronously with the feed of the metal strip ( 16 ). 41. The method according to any one of the preceding claims in conjunction with claim 18, characterized in that a clearance ( 37 , 38 , 39 ) is provided in the outer surface of the roller ( 12 ) between the peripheral portions ( 35 , 36 , 40 ) which are effective during rolling , which extends over such a circumferential angle that the respectively following circumferential section ( 35 , 36 , 40 ) effective during rolling only engages in the metal strip ( 16 ) after the previous circumferential section effective during rolling has released the metal strip ( 16 ). 42. The method according to any one of the claims, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) to be rolled is unwound from a first reel ( 5 ) and the rolled metal strip ( 16 ) is wound onto a second reel ( 6 ) and that the speed of rotation of the roller ( 12 ) and the circumferential speed of the reels ( 5 , 6 ) are coordinated with one another, in particular in the phase in which the roller ( 12 ) is inserted into the metal strip ( 16 ). 43. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insertion of the roller ( 12 ) takes place at a reduced rotational speed of the roller ( 12 ) and accordingly at a lower feed speed of the metal strip ( 16 ) and that the movements are subsequently accelerated. 44. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 40, characterized in that the metal band ( 16 ) is retrieved with a first pair of pliers ( 52 ). 45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) with the first pliers ( 52 ) is also advanced for rolling. 46. The method according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is pulled during rolling with a second pair of pliers ( 53 ) which engages a section of the metal strip ( 16 ) which leaves the roll gap ( 13 ). 47. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tension is constantly maintained during the rolling as well as during the retrieval of the metal strip ( 16 ). 46. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tension is constantly maintained in the metal strip ( 16 ) during the insertion of the roller ( 12 ). 49. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip ( 16 ) is chosen so wide that two or more than two of the objects are punched out next to one another from objects which are intended to be punched from the primary material formed by rolling can. 50. Application of the method according to one of the preceding claims Bands made of plastic and based on bands made of a composite material a plastic or with a plastic as an essential component. 51. Device for producing a strip-shaped primary material, in particular made of metal, by rolling a strip ( 16 ), in particular by the method according to claim 1 or claim 46,
with a roll stand ( 2 ) in which a roll ( 12 ) delimits a roll gap ( 13 ),
and with a return device ( 5 , 52 ) for the strip ( 16 ) arranged on the inlet side of the roll gap ( 13 ),
characterized in that a drive motor ( 7 , 54 ) is provided for the return device ( 5 , 52 ), which enables the strip ( 16 ) to be returned in steps of a predeterminable length, in particular a servo motor, and in that the roll gap ( 13 ) is also provided by a linearly displaceable plate ( 67 ) facing the roller ( 12 ) is limited, which can be driven in the roller gap ( 13 ) in synchronism with the roller ( 12 ) and 1 or with the sand ( 16 ) in the predetermined direction of movement of the belt ( 16 ) and can also be driven and retrieved independently of the belt ( 16 ). 52. Apparatus according to claim 51, characterized in that the plate ( 67 ) is arranged under the roller ( 12 ). 53. Apparatus according to claim 51 or 52, characterized in that the height of the roll gap ( 13 ) is variable. 54. Apparatus according to claim 51 for producing a strip-shaped material with a selected profile, which recurs in successive sections of the material, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) and 1 or the plate ( 67 ) in the roll stand ( 2 ) controls during rolling are displaceable up and down, namely by a path determined by the selected profile, depending on the advance of the belt ( 16 ). 55. Device according to one of claims 51 to 54, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) has a cylindrical outer surface. 56. Apparatus according to claim 53 for producing a band-shaped primary material with a profile, which recurs in successive sections of the primary material, characterized in that the roller ( 12 ) on its outer surface two or more than two circumferential successive, separate peripheral sections ( 35 , 36th , 40 ), which do not all match in their contours. 57. Device according to one of claims 51 to 56, in which the return device for the band ( 16 ) is a first reel ( 5 ). 58. Device according to one of claims 51 to 56, in which the return device for the band ( 16 ) is a first tong feed device ( 52 ). 59. Device according to one of claims 51 to 58, in which on the outlet side of the roll gap ( 13 ) a pulling device ( 6 , 53 ) is provided for the strip-shaped primary material. 60. Apparatus according to claim 59, in which the pulling device is a second reel ( 6 ) for winding up the band-shaped primary material. 61. Apparatus according to claim 59, in which the pulling device is a second tong feed device ( 53 ). 62. The apparatus of claim 56, wherein the roller ( 12 ) has a cylindrical peripheral portion ( 36 ). 63. Device according to one of claims 51 to 62, in which the rolling stand ( 2 ) is designed as a leveling rolling mill. 64. Device according to one of claims 51 to 63, in which the drive motor ( 7 , 52 ) for the return device ( 5 , 52 ) provided on the inlet side of the roll gap ( 13 ) is an electric servomotor. 65. Device according to one of claims 51 to 64, in which the pulling device ( 6 , 53 ) provided on the outlet side of the roll gap ( 13 ) is driven by an electric servomotor ( 8 , 55 ). 66. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the return device ( 5 , 52 ) and / or the pulling device ( 6 , 53 ) is associated with a roller coupled to an incremental rotary encoder, which can be rotated by the belt ( 16 ) running over it , 67. Device according to one of claims 51 to 66, in which the roller ( 12 ) and the plate ( 67 ) are acted upon on their side facing away from the roller gap ( 13 ) by a respective supporting roller ( 14 , 15 ), the roller pin ( 25 ) of which can preferably be preloaded in their roll neck bearings ( 26 ) to reduce their bearing play. 68. Device according to one of claims 51 to 67, in which the roller ( 12 ) is driven discontinuously, in such a way that when the belt ( 16 ) is advanced it is synchronized with the pulling device ( 6 ) provided on the outlet side of the roll gap ( 13 ) , 53 ) is driven, whereas it temporarily stands still and / or is positioned by forward rotation or reverse rotation if the return device ( 5 , 52 ) provided on the inlet side of the roll gap ( 13 ) for maintaining the strip tension and for returning the strip ( 16 ) vice versa is driven. 69. Device according to one of claims 51 to 68, in which the peripheral speed of the roller ( 12 ) and the speed of the pulling device ( 6 , 53 ), preferably also that of the return device ( 5 , 52 ), can be controlled at will. 70. Apparatus according to claim 53 or 54, in which one or more servo drives ( 32 , 33 , 34 , 44 ) are provided for moving the roller ( 12 ). 71. Device according to claim 70, in which the servo drives ( 32 , 33 , 34 , 44 ) each comprise an electric motor ( 34 ) or one or two short hydraulic cylinders. 72. Apparatus according to claim 65, in which an electronic control device ( 43 ) is provided, in which the displacement of the roller ( 12 ) required for an intended profile is stored as a curve, preferably digitally, and with this control device ( 43 ) the servo motors ( 7 , 8 ; 54 , 55 ) of the return device ( 5 , 52 ) and the pulling device ( 6 , 53 ), a servo motor ( 42 ) for rotating the roller ( 12 ) and one or more with an incremental rotary encoder ( 44 ) coupled adjustment drives ( 32 , 33 , 34 ) for the roller ( 12 ) are connected, and that a servo motor is preferably also provided for the support roller ( 15 ) of the plate ( 67 ) which may be present. 73. Device according to one of claims 51 to 72, in which the direction of rotation of the roller ( 12 ) and the reels ( 5 , 6 ) is reversible for rolling in both directions. 74. Device according to one of claims 51 to 73, in which the roller ( 12 ) has an axially parallel incision ( 45 ).