DE10125617A1 - Multipurpose vehicle for various types of roadway has road and smaller diameter rim wheels for road and rail, magnetic coils on deployable lateral arms for magnetic levitation operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The multipurpose vehicle is fitted with propulsion arrangements for wheel-road, wheel-rail and magnetic levitation operation. For road and rail it uses road and rim wheels, whereby the rim wheels are of smaller diameter and both are fixed to an axle. Magnetic coils on deployable lateral arms are used for magnetic levitation operation.

Description

The invention relates to a station wagon for transportation of people and goods, which for the optional driving different routes, such as road, rail, magnetic welding technique is suitable.

The well-known transport systems are, seen individually, burdened with advantages and disadvantages.

As an individual vehicle, the car has the advantage of being direct and from one place to another (from door to door, so to speak) To move people or goods. Its disadvantage lies in one poor efficiency and high environmental impact. The Roads (roads, highways) are overloaded and there used ineffectively with respect to vehicle content. For the Driver means a high stress level and the accident risk associated with high human and national economy damage is high. The construction of more and more wide The streets do not solve these problems, but reinforce them Disadvantage.

The rail or rail transport system has some of these disadvantages not, however, the disadvantage the lack of individuality and flexibility, rigid driving times and cumbersome directions. A small one Utilization of the rail system causes relatively high fixed costs th.

It is similar to rail-bound traffic with magnetic levitation technology, which is also a stretch tied traffic system. Compared to the advantages, high Speed and good efficiency already occur the disadvantages mentioned in rail-bound traffic more apparent.  

A combination of individual and rail-bound Ver Kehr could remedy this.

State of the art

Combi vehicles, both on the road and on the Driving on rails are known. In all of these vehicles are complex devices for introducing the Fortbe means of travel (flanged wheel, road bike) necessary to get from the road to switch to rail and vice versa (lowering devices, separate axles, variable tire pressure, etc.). The flanged wheels must be lower than that when traveling by rail Compressed air tires are available so that points can be used without any problems to be able to.

Separate wheel systems are used to solve this problem that applies a horizontal and vertical relative to each other Allow distance variation.

DE 38 41 092 A1 describes a combination vehicle that can drive both on the road and on the rail, described. In addition, find the peculiarities of Consideration of traffic routes as well as an optimal adaptation of vehicles and traffic routes.

Basically, the object of this older invention in creating a rail bike / road bike system that by horizontal and vertical distance variation, which for driving on the different traffic routes provided Wheels to each other, the transition from a traffic route to the enables others.

In addition to the road bike rail bike systems, Ma gnetleit- and drive devices arranged for a ensure smooth traffic flow and along the guide serve the traffic routes.  

In addition, the magnet systems can relieve the strain Contribute to the road, but not as an independent type of drive. The magnetic guide devices can also be replaced by magnetic ones Safety rails and guide rails help to change lanes to make and thus to do without conventional switches th.

The disadvantage of this invention is that this Combination vehicle only two routes (rail, road) can drive and the vehicle with complicated roads wheel / rail wheel changing mechanisms is equipped. About that there is also no possibility of one and the same vehicle adapt to specific usage needs. And another one serious disadvantage is that only this Kombina tion vehicle on specially prepared routes can drive and driving on conventional vehicles is no longer possible. This affects the Wei in particular technology and the transitions from one lane to the other other.

A combination of a road vehicle with the Magnetschwe betechnik is also generally known. Here too a simple additive combination because of the complicated Lane technology not available.

Such a transport system, which is both for driving on the Street as well as for the use of magnetic levitation technology is provided, describes the patent specification DE 42 18 001 C2.

This vehicle can be used both on a street and on driving a magnetic levitation route, but has the disadvantage that a quick change from one route to another is not is possible for different transportation tasks different vehicles and for smooth driving the magnetic levitation route requires complicated turnout systems Lich.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is a combination vehicle with a detachable Chassis connection system for different routes create that is simple in construction, the transitions easily from one route to the other and switches, Crossings and other points of discontinuity are overcome and allows a quick exchange of useful structures.

The station wagon should have largely existing routes use to make more effective use of this, environment and resource to conserve cen and to increase the transport performance. Yet nonexistent routes, such as the magnetic levitation route realized in the simplest way and with the least effort become.

The object is achieved with the features of the first Claim resolved. Advantageous further developments and Refinements are the subject of the dependent claims.

The station wagon is for three modes of transportation, namely Wheel-road, wheel-rail and magnetic levitation technology sets and for this purpose with different locomotion medium, such as road bike, flanged wheel, and spools for production equipped with an electromagnetic field so that it alternatively as road, rail, or magnetic levitation stuff can be used.

To easily make a quick transition from a road to to be able to realize the other are only on the vehicle minor changes made. Relate to these changes merely refer to the transition from the street or the Rail on the magnetic levitation route and include an off drive or swing out current-carrying solenoids for the Magnetic levitation technology, which is arranged on the chassis of the vehicle are not.  

It is useful for the transition to the magnetic levitation route ßig to switch from road to rail first and a sufficiently long track-guiding rail section parallel to the Use magnetic levitation technology.

By means of this rail section, it is simple also possible crossings and switches of a magnetic levitation tras se to realize in the rail area, with the magnet suspension line is interrupted.

In the area of road and rail systems, Driving on switches, crossings and other discontinuities places within a lane and for driving on Intersections of different lanes are not as in the state technology changes the vehicle, but the road.

This means that wheel-rail and wheel- Road with the solution according to the invention the flange wheel directly associated with the road bike by the track rim is attached directly to the rim.

With this simple construction, the combined air Flanged wheels are equipped with wheel hub electric drives become.

Overcoming discontinuities in the street area and rail, e.g. B. level crossings, according to the invention lowering or raising a lane relative to the reached others. At crossings and switches in the track area are rich only to release the corresponding route swing out small sections of the rail tracks or lower, so that the arranged next to the wheel flange and in Diameter larger road bike can easily pass.

But it is also conceivable for the areas of discontinuity bypassing road sections. That means before and after each point of discontinuity, ramps are used that the transition from rail to road or vice versa  allow. This way of dealing with discontinuities could, for example, in station and shunting areas be appropriate.

For quickly mastering these transitions from a road to the other or bypassing discontinuities are the ramps with mechanical and electronic guidance directions equipped.

For the use of the combi vehicle as a magnetic levitation vehicle are on both sides of the chassis support for at least four Mobile or swiveling current-carrying magnetic coils provided while on both sides for locomotion Vehicle asynchronous short stator motors are arranged.

In contrast, the route is on both sides of the route Vehicle carrier rails with integrated transport rail required sary.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the station wagon ges results from a modular construction consisting of a Traction head and one or more caster parts that using a special chassis connection system who are connected.

For agile travel on all routes in the train or push bar it is advantageous to have at least one trailing part fixed, but thanks to the special chassis connection system is easily connected to the traction head. Further Trailing parts can then be articulated like trailers be coupled.

By training a uniform vehicle, the best consisting of the traction head and the trailing part, but without Followers are the legal speed limit conditions in road traffic, which apply to vehicles with trailers ten, not applicable. The freedom of movement is thus with the  Combined vehicle alone compared to conventional solutions raised on the street.

The traction head is a, with all the necessary drive day vehicle components equipped with gregates and control devices, that alone, all or only certain routes can drive. In the connection of the traction head with The vehicle can always follow all travels in a trailing part to use.

The traction head is equipped with a driver, can but beyond that, like with the car, the transportation of more Serve people. In contrast, the trailing part can be found under be adapted to different usage needs, such as pieces well transport, camping suitcase, tanker, public transport tion and much more. It can be either severe Transport vehicles or vans and mobile homes realize.

For a smooth and clocked throughput of the spurge The combined traction head and caster can be linked routes partly controlled automatically without a driver.

Suitable for the combination of traction head and night running part results that the trailing part only the Rear wheel axle of the composite forms and that the trailing part has a rear brake device and a power supply, which is supplied by the traction head via the coupling elements become.

Due to the special design of the connection system of the It is particularly the traction head with the trailing part possible to realize a vertically adjustable trailer hitch where a slight increase is sufficient to a relatively large change in the horizontal position the chassis of the trailing part.  

This effect is particularly supported by that the chassis of the traction head is behind a driver's cabin ne has a relatively long lashing end that one provides relatively high lever arm. If the Trailer coupling becomes the chassis of the trailer in the front area with raised. A connector on which the rear end of the chassis of the traction head is attached, is also raised thereby.

The traction head can have a supportive effect is tilted. This creates a scissor effect, which causes a rear of the cab to be lifted will. In the area of the rear of the cab, the Trailer coupling must be attached so that there is a scissor between a trailer coupling head and a coupling claw affects relatively little, while due to the long lever arm at the end of the chassis of the traction head a large horizontal inclination in the chassis of the trailing part arises.

To the appropriate inclination, both of the traction head and to reach the trailing part, it is useful to rear axis of the traction head and the front axis of the Arrange trailing part vertically adjustable.

All mechanical or electrical connections to be carried out between the traction head and the trailing part by vertical movements when transferring the Vehicle from the bent to the horizontal state. As a result, the connections of tensile forces in the direction relieves the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

The traction head is expediently like this with the after running part connected that after the bond only two axes for driving on road and rail are designed. For the Traction head is the front and for the trailing part the rear axle. The other axles are used for traction  head for fast, economical and agile driving in local area. For example, you don't want to go to your vacation spot constantly explore the area with the heavy camper part.

The trailing part needs in conjunction with the traction head the front axle only for changing, maneuvering and coupling to the traction head. After that, they won't necessarily required wheel suspensions on the station wagon, which are anyway for the composite system are vertically adjustable, as far as appropriate ensure that they are adequately exposed to the road and rail Distance.

For a lighter and simpler variant of the station wagon The rear axle of the traction is therefore sufficient head and the front axle of the trailing part only with to equip lightweight training wheels.

This is also why lifting the axes that are not required required to ensure the maneuverability of the accessible routes also remains in the network.

For driving on existing road and rail routes the station wagon is designed so that it is largely remain unchanged but be used more effectively, environment and resources spared and the transport performance increased becomes.

Because magnetic levitation routes have so far only been used for experimental purposes were, you can do this in the simplest way and with little effort in connection with the existing routes realize and from the outset for use with the lay out the station wagon according to the invention. So at for example, the vehicle support rails directly on the track body arranged and possibly over the thresholds with the Rails are connected.

In the connection of the railways with the magnetic levitation tech This means that existing rail vehicles, such as U- and S-  Orbit, faster, more effective and with magnetic levitation technology operated in an environmentally friendly manner.

Examples

Some embodiments of the solution according to the invention described in more detail.

Show it:

Fig. 1, the combination vehicle convincing support arm for use on three roadways in a sectional representation in the region of an accelerator and an asynchronous Kurzstatomotors,

Fig. 2, the combination vehicle for the array of traction head and trailing part for use on three roadways in a view from below,

Figure 3 tion head. A side view of the combination vehicle with ge schlossenem connection system in the unit trailing part and Trak,

Fig. 4 is a side view of the combination vehicle according to Fig. 3 with a releasing or joining together the traction head with the follower piece,

Fig. 5 A ramp for the transition road-rail,

6 shows a possible embodiment of the vehicle mounting rail with the transport rail along a route,

Fig. 7 A railway crossing,

Fig. 8 A rail switch,

Fig. 9 A cross road-rail with barrier

Fig. 10 A trailing chassis with scrollable load receiving means,

Fig. 1 shows the combination vehicle 1 in a schematic sectional view for alternative use on three routes; Street 6 , rail 7 and magnetic levitation route 8 .

To simplify the drawing, only one side of the driving tool 1 with a wheel 4 , 5 is shown.

The combination vehicle 1 has road wheels 4 for driving on the road 6 , flanged wheels 5 for driving on rails 7 and a magnetic levitation route 8 is arranged for use as a levitation vehicle.

Road wheel 4 and flanged wheel 5 are arranged on an axis 3 , the flanged wheel 5 being smaller in diameter than the road wheel 4 , or the flanged wheel 5 is attached directly to the rim of the road wheel 4 .

Alternative use of the combination vehicle 1 as Mag netschwebefahrzeug are on either side of the chassis 2 at least four vehicle support arms 11 (in Fig. 1, only one vehicle support 11 arm visible) arranged with extendable or swing-energized electromagnet 12 to generate the Magnetfel of the floating state.

The vehicle support arms 11 can be retracted and extended by a threaded rod, with hydraulic or electromagnetic means.

The magnetic field of the electromagnet 12 builds up in relation to a vehicle support rail 9 which runs along the route on both sides. For this purpose, at least part of the vehicle support rail 9 is made of iron.

For locomotion along the magnetic levitation route 8 asynchronous short stator motors 13 are arranged on both sides of the chassis 2 of the combination vehicle 1 , which build up an electromagnetic traveling field relative to a trans-rail 10 .

A particularly advantageous construction of the combination vehicle 1 is shown in FIG. 2.

For an individual adaptation to different usage needs, the vehicle 1 consists of a traction head 14 and a caster part 15 that can be adapted to different usage needs.

The traction head 14 is coupled to the trailing part 15 via a connection system that is formed from a connection longitudinal pin 16 , a connecting cross pin 17 and a coupling pin 18 . The Verbindungslängszap fen 16 can for example be connected to a chassis 19 of the traction head 14 and engage in bushings which are arranged correspondingly in the area of the traction head 14 . The connecting longitudinal pin 16 extend in the direction of a vehicle longitudinal axis 20th The connecting cross pin 17 are arranged transversely to the vehicle longitudinal axis 20 . The hitch be bolt 18 also extends in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis 20th

Since the two longitudinal connecting pins 16 and the coupling bolt zen 18 already create a stable triangular connection between the traction head 14 and the trailing part 15 , the connecting transverse pins 17 only have an additional safety function. The connecting cross pin 17 can also serve as a simple support for absorbing large weight forces.

The coupling pin 18 can be positioned by a winch 21 in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis 20 . A connection of the coupling bolt 18 to the winch 21 is made via a flexible coupling 22 . The coupling 22 can be designed, for example, as a chain, but it is also possible to use high-strength ropes. In order to limit the positionability of the coupling pin 18 , a spacer collar 23 is provided, which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis 20 of the vehicle.

Both on the traction head 14 and on the trailing part 15 , means of transportation for all three modes of transportation such as road 4 , wheel 5 and magnetic levitation technology 8 are arranged.

The traction head 14 has two axes 24 and 25 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. Both axles 24 and 25 can be equipped with combined wheel flange road wheels 26 for an alternative driving on road 6 or rail 7 . But it is also possible to equip only the front axle 24 with flange road wheels 26 , while the rear axle 25 carries only simple road wheels 4 . This variant is useful if the traction head 14 is used solely in local public transport. In addition, the front axle 24 must be steerable for road traffic.

Furthermore, an extendable vehicle support arm 11 with a carrying electromagnet 12 and an asynchronous short stator motor 13 are arranged on each side of the traction head 14 . If the traction head 14 can drive a Magnetschwebetras se 8 by itself, at least two carrying electromagnets 12 must be arranged on each side of the traction head 14 .

The trailing part 15 also has a front axle 27 and a rear axle 28 . The rear axle 28 is equipped with flanged road wheels 26 , while the front axle 27 carries only road wheels 4 which are required during maneuvering and coupling in the road area.

Because of the length of the trailing part 15 , at least two extendable vehicle support arms 11 with support electromagnets 12 and two asynchronous short stator motors 13 should be arranged in each case on each side.

In combination, the traction head 14 and the trailing part 15 form a unitary vehicle with high maneuverability, which can be used for all three traffic routes. The rear axle 25 of the traction head 14 and the front axle 27 of the trailing part 15 is not required and is therefore raised.

At the rear end of the trailing part 15 , a trailer coupling 29 is arranged, via which trailers, similar in structure to the trailing part 15 , but without vertical adjustability of the front axle 27 and equipped with four flanged road wheels 26 , can be coupled in an articulated manner. The train operation with several trailers is particularly useful for rail-bound traffic.

Fig. 3 shows the connection of the traction head 14 with the trailing part 15 in an assembled state of the connec tion longitudinal pin 16 and the connecting cross pin 17 with the corresponding elements. The rear axle 25 of the traction head 14 and the front axle 27 of the caster part 15 are raised for agile operation on the road 6 or on the rail 7 by means of a vertically adjustable wheel suspension 30 , so that only the axles 24 and 28 of the station wagon 1 are included are connected to the corresponding route 6 or 7 .

The means for magnetic levitation technology 8 have been omitted in FIG. 3 as well as in FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 3 in a bent condition, which allows the traction head 14 and the trailing part 15 to be joined or separated. In this case, a kink area 31 extends in the area of the longitudinal connecting pin 16 . The coupling pin 18 is moved in the direction of the trailing part 15 and head 14 lifted out by means of a vertical adjustment over the lug end of the chassis 19 of the traction.

The necessary scissor action for separating or joining the combination vehicle 1 is achieved by extending the vertically adjustable wheel suspension 30 on the axles 25 and 27 .

A ramp for the transition from the road to rail 6 7 and vice versa Fig. 5 shows.

Directly at the transition point, a lowering area 32 is provided, which allows the flange wheels 5 to be placed on the rails. In the inner region of the rails 7 , a gap or a depression 33 (as also in the tram) must be kept free for the flange of the flange wheels 5 or combination wheels 26 .

In order to achieve precise tracking, the ramp is equipped with mechanical 34 and electronic guiding devices 35 for tracking.

For the through traffic of a combination vehicle 1 on the rail route 7 , the outer driveway areas 36 on the left and right of the rail route 7 can be lowered or opened.

A possible construction of a magnetic levitation route 8 with a vehicle support rail 9 and a transport rail 10 is shown in FIG. 6. Only one side of the route is shown. The other side is mirror-inverted with the passage width for a vehicle.

The vehicle support rail 9 is anchored in the ground 6 by a stable foundation 37 . But it is also conceivable to connect the vehicle mounting rail 9 directly to a track body or to the sleepers of the rails 7 . This is particularly useful for the transition from the rail 7 to the magnetic levitation technology 8 or for retrofitting railway bodies with the magnetic levitation technology 8 .

FIG. 7 shows an intersection 38 of rail routes 7 for driving on combination vehicles 1 with combined wheel flange road wheels 26 . The hatched rail pieces 40 must be lowered or folded out for the release of one direction and the hatched rail pieces 41 for the release of the other direction.

Similar to the crossing 38 in FIG. 7, a switch 39 , shown in FIG. 8, must also be constructed. The hatched rail sections 43 must be lowered or folded out for the release of the straight direction and the hatched rail sections 42 for the release of the branching direction, one of the rail sections 43 being one of the switch tongues at the same time.

Fig. 9 shows the intersection of a street 6 with a rail route 7 with simultaneous connection of a ramp according to FIG. 4 for the transition from street 6 to rail 7 and vice versa. To release the rail route 7 , the road sections 45 are lowered or folded up. The ramp 44 leads into the ramp and between the guiding and guiding devices 34 .

The level crossing can also be equipped with barriers that can be closed together with the folding down of the road sections 45 .

According to the embodiment of the combination vehicle according to FIG. 10, it is provided to arrange 15 tracks 48 in the area of side supports 46 , 47 of the trailing part, which tracks may be designed, for example, as slotted tubes 49 . In the web 48 a carriage 50 engages with wheels 51 which are supported by carriage axles 52 . The carriage 50 is provided with rolling rollers 53 . For example, it is possible to arrange three rolling rollers 53 one behind the other.

To facilitate loading or lowering loads with the help of the carriage 50, it is provided that the ends of the track 48 facing away from the traction head 14 are provided with an elongated S contour. The S contour extends from a linear course of the webs 48 in the direction of the road surface

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

station wagon

2

chassis

3

vehicle axle

4

road bike

5

flanged wheel

6

Earth or street

7

rail

8th

Maglev line

9

Vehicle support rail

10

transport rail

11

Fahrzeugtragarm

12

Carrying Solenoid

13

Asynchronous short stator

14

traction head

15

trailing part

16

Longitudinal joining pins

17

Connecting cross pin

18

coupling pin

19

Chassis traction head with lug end

20

vehicle longitudinal axis

21

winch

22

Flexible coupling

23

Distance collar

24

Front axle traction head

25

Rear axle traction head

26

Combined wheel flange road bike

27

Front axle trailing part

28

Rear axle trailing part

29

trailer coupling

30

Vertically adjustable wheel suspension

31

Kink area lashing

32

Lowering area street

33

Flanged depression

34

Mechanical guidance system

35

Electronic guidance system

36

Outer route area along a rail route

37

Foundation for magnetic levitation route

38

Schienenkreuzung

39

rail switch

40

.

41

Movable rail sections crossing

42

.

43

Movable track pieces switch

44

Auffahrbereich

45

Foldable road sections

46

.

47

side beams

48

traces

49

Slotted tubes

50

carriage

51

impellers

52

Carriage axes

53

unrolling rollers

Claims (21)

1.Combined vehicle that is designed for different usage needs and modes of transportation such as bike-road, bike-rail and magnetic levitation technology and through the selection of different modes of transportation such as road bike, flanged wheel, electromagnetic field either as road and rail vehicle or as road and magnetic levitation vehicle can be used, the means of transport arranged on the vehicle for driving on switches, crossings and other points of discontinuity within a carriageway and driving on crossings on different carriageways have a variable horizontal and vertical distance compensation and that for the transition from a carriageway to a mode of movement a roadway of another type of locomotive guidance devices and ramps are arranged, characterized in that the combination vehicle ( 1 ) is equipped with means of locomotion alternatively for three lanes which are used for the locomotion area ten road-bike ( 6 ), bike-rail ( 7 ) and magnetic levitation technology ( 8 ) are designed, the combination vehicle ( 1 ) for the mode of travel bike-road ( 6 ) and bike-rail ( 7 ) with road bike ( 4 ) and wheel flange ( 5 ) is equipped, the flanged wheel ( 5 ) is smaller in diameter than the road wheel ( 4 ) and both are firmly connected to one another on an axle ( 3 ), on the combination vehicle ( 1 ) for alternative use as a magnetic levitation vehicle on both sides Chassis ( 2 ) at least four support arms ( 11 ) with extendable or swing-out current-carrying magnetic coils ( 12 ) for magnetic levitation technology ( 8 ) and for locomotion on the side of which on the combination vehicle ( 1 ) asynchronous short stator motors ( 13 ) are arranged on the route on both sides of the route for the mode of transportation magnetic levitation technology ( 8 ) a vehicle mounting rail ( 9 ) with integrated transport rail ( 10 ) is arranged for the transition from one mode of transportation the other the lanes ( 6 , 7 ) re relative to each other, are vertically changeable, to overcome discontinuities, such as intersections ( 38 ), points ( 39 ), level crossings, parts of the lanes ( 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 45 ) can be lowered or folded down relative to each other and track-leading rail sections ( 7 ) are arranged for the transition to magnetic levitation technology ( 8 ) or to overcome discontinuities within the magnetic levitation route ( 8 ). 2. Combined vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that for realizing the three modes of transportation ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) and for an individual adaptation to different use needs, the vehicle ( 1 ) from a traction head ( 14 ) and one or more different ones Usage needs corresponding trailing parts ( 15 ), which are connected by a releasable chassis connection system ( 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ) with the traction head ( 14 ) or un to each other. 3. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the traction head ( 14 ) alone or in connection with a trailing part ( 15 ) with means of locomotion (4, 5, 12. 13. 26) for three types of locomotion ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) is equipped. 4. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the pneumatic tires ( 4 ) with the wheel flanges ( 5 ) are connected to a combination wheel ( 26 ) by the wheel flange ( 5 ) directly on the rim of the pneumatic tire ( 4th ) is arranged. 5. Combined vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the ramps and guide devices are provided with mechanical ( 34 ) and electronic tracking and threading systems ( 35 ). 6. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 and 5, characterized in that for the transition from the road ( 6 ) to the magnetic levitation route ( 8 ) a wheel-rail section ( 7 ) is angeord net. 7. Combined vehicle according to claim 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that the vehicle support rails ( 9 ) are arranged on the track body ( 7 ) and optionally connected to the rails ( 7 ) via the sleepers. 8. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 and 4, characterized in that the combined air flanged wheels ( 26 ) have a wheel hub electric drive. 9. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that a fixedly installed electrical power supply system for lighting, electric drive and control functions is arranged in the trailing parts ( 15 ). 10. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3 and 9, characterized in that a permanently installed braking system is arranged in the trailing parts ( 15 ). 11. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, 9 and 10, characterized in that the traction head ( 14 ) behind the driver's cab has a relatively long, rigid or from angled lug end ( 19 ). 12. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3 and 11, characterized in that on the rear of the traction head ( 14 ) is a vertically and horizontally adjustable, with two synchronously connected winches ( 21 ) equipped trailer coupling ( 18 ) is extendable and pivotable. 13. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, 9, 10, characterized in that in addition to the trailer coupling ( 18 ) plug-in connections for the power supplies and brake systems were the trailing parts are arranged, which can be contacted synchronously by the retractable trailer coupling. 14. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, 9, 10, 13, characterized in that on the trailing part ( 15 ) or on the traction head ( 14 ) coupling elements ( 16 ) for receiving the lug ends ( 19 ) are arranged. 15. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, 9, 10, 13, 14, characterized in that the chassis ( 46 , 47 ) of the trailing part ( 15 ) from slotted tube parts ( 49 ) be, which is an S-contour at the rear end exhibit. 16. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 to 5 and 15, characterized in that a rollable load holder ( 50 ) equipped with rollers ( 53 ) is arranged in the slotted chassis tube ( 49 ). 17. Combined vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to overcome discontinuities in the area of the mode of transportation wheel-rail ( 7 ), sections of the roadway ( 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ) can be lowered or folded down. 18. Combined vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at the transition from the road ( 6 ) to the rail ( 7 ) and vice versa, ramps are arranged in the area of switches ( 39 ) and level crossings to compensate for the travel path level. 19. Combined vehicle according to claim 1 and 18, characterized in that the level crossing at the level crossing, outside the train tracks ( 7 ), directly on the tracks ( 7 ) adjacent carriageway ( 45 ) is arranged as a pivotable drivable plate, which thus is connected to a railroad barrier that the accessible plate ( 45 ) can be lowered or opened by closing or opening the railroad barrier. 20. A combination vehicle according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the wheel suspensions ( 25 , 27 ) on the combination vehicle by a wheel suspension ( 30 ) are arranged vertically adjustable. 21. Combined vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail routes ( 7 ) of existing rail vehicles, in particular local transport, are equipped with magnetic levitation technology ( 8 ).