DE10115611A1 - Acoustic insulation element, consists of a foam layer, a ceramic fleece layer, an acoustic fleece layer and an inner wall with penetrations - Google Patents

Abstract

An acoustic insulation element (1), e.g. for insulating the wall of a ship, comprises a foam layer (11). The insulation also has a ceramic fleece layer (10), an acoustic formed fleece layer (2) and an inner wall (12) with penetrations.

Description

The invention relates to an acoustically effective Isolati onselement, for example for ship wall insulation, with a layer of foam.

Such acoustically effective insulation elements are known and used especially in the yacht construction. Here, for example, sound absorbers are based a plastic for use. The well-known solutions show themselves with regard to the acoustic measures as not satisfying. Furthermore, the be some of the solutions did not know the fire protection requirements requirements.

With regard to the prior art described above nik becomes a technical problem of the invention seen in it, an isolation element in question to create the kind, which with low Eigenge important due to high fire requirements behavior and acoustic effectiveness.

This problem is first and foremost solved by the subject matter of claim 1, wherein is based on the fact that the insulation continues a Ceramic fleece layer, an acoustically effective shaped fleece layer and an interior wall with perforations manure. As a result of this configuration is a Isolation element created, which is characterized by a characterized by increased acoustic effectiveness. About that furthermore, this insulation element according to the invention with a low weight a much improved Fire behavior. The insulation is according to the invention sandwiched. The acute used here There is an essentially shaped nonwoven layer  made of a non-woven material, which in different Refinements are known. Regarding the Ausgestal tion of this nonwoven layer is based on DE-GM 296 18 737 directed. The content of this utility model is hereby fully contained in the disclosure gender invention included, also for the purpose Features of this utility model are present in claims to incorporate the invention. Regarding this A non-woven material is preferred, which consists of plastic fibers. But it can also Non-woven materials made from natural fibers come. This is preferably acoustically effective molded nonwoven layer made of man-made fibers and further ahead pulls polymer fibers. In particular, it can continue with this nonwoven layer by one Trade mixed fibers, for example. Recycled PES mixed fiber fleece sen. In addition, there are thermoplastic additives to obtain a thermoformable fleece. In a Further development of the subject matter of the invention is provided hen that the foam layer of the insulation element consists of polimid. Alternatively, it can also be provided be that the foam layer is made of melamine foam consists. There will be increased acoustic effectiveness achieved by the acoustically effective fleece layer a structuring with an essentially pot art gene, forming a pot wall and a pot bottom Forming has. This will improve Soundproofing achieved when the bottom of the pot everyone if at its edge area one towards the center of the pot dens has increasing wall thickness, along with a higher compressibility of the wall. hereby due to a comparatively thick, but also white cher pot bottom created, in particular for damping high frequencies, but also relatively broad spec trums, is advantageous. Due to the location orientation  the fleece has a built-in stiffness used to advantage. The particularly advantageous acousti The effect is based on the voluminous potty the. In a further embodiment, it is also preferred that the pot wall formed from nonwoven fabric ver is equally incompressible. This can be the case, for example be achieved by having the nonwoven material in the area the pot wall is very strongly compressed, for example with by means of a press, possibly also using it higher temperatures, which, for example, plastic parts in the nonwoven material for fusing and mutual Can bring arrest. While in the pot area such a stiffness comparable to a hard felt speed is achieved in the area of the pot cover leave fluffy bulge such that be manually compress to half or a third of the wall thickness in the ceiling area would be cash. The nonwoven of the acoustically effective fleece location is further in the area of the pot bottom Chen arranged in layers such that the layers in front preferably run parallel to a pot level. at a cut through the acoustically effective fleece layer, perpendicular to a pot bottom level, individual Layers fanned out in the area of the pot bottom become. In more detail, it is also preferred that the acoustically effective fleece layer as the outer skin has a fine fleece. This has an essential more regular and homogeneous structure than the rest processed nonwoven material. The skin mentioned can also inside the acoustically effective fleece layer be trained. In the bottom of the pot can further bead-like stiffening grooves be formed, wel che preferably run in such a way that at an overall essentially rectangular plan of the bottom of the pot, these stiffening grooves of a diagonal  consequences. The incisions of the Stiffening grooves on the cup wall side should be deeper than in a central area of the bottom of the pot. For further Increasing the acoustic properties is in a further Education provided that the pot wall is shaped in this way is that the bottom of the pot is hanging freely between the pot walls is arranged. For example, densified Bridge areas between the individual pot-like formers measures are provided, the height of which is selected such that they also the spacing between the assigned Elements - foam layer, ceramic fleece layer - result and a free swing of the undensified area enable the acoustically effective fleece layer. With regard to the sandwich structure of the invention Isolation element proves to be advantageous if the acoustically effective fleece layer between two Foam layers or alternatively between a foam fabric layer and a ceramic fleece layer is arranged. The layers are advantageously one below the other glued, it being proposed in this regard that the layers using an inorganic adhesive, e.g. a ceramic adhesive, glued together. The sandwich structure thus formed is used in one application as ship's wall insulation between the frames one Ship hull attached and z. B. with an aluminum Perforated sheet covered towards the ship's interior.

The invention is further based on the following attached drawing, but only several Illustrates embodiments explained. in this connection shows:

1 shows a cross section through an inventive insulating element in a first embodiment.;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of an acoustically effective shaped nonwoven layer of the insulation element;

. Fig. 3 to 6 are further embodiments of the inventive SEN insulation element, each cut in a cross;

Fig. 7 shows a cross section through an insulation element with a layer structure according to the game in Ausführungsbei in Fig. 1, but with an alternative embodiment of an acoustically effective shaped nonwoven layer.

An insulation element 1 is shown and described first with reference to FIG. 1, which is preferably used in shipbuilding to insulate a ship's wall.

The insulation element 1 is constructed in a sandwich-like manner and accordingly consists of a plurality of layers arranged one above the other, which are glued to one another by means of an inorganic adhesive, for example a ceramic adhesive.

Regardless of the various embodiments shown, the insulation element 1 always has an acoustically effective nonwoven layer 2 , which has a structure with an essentially pot-like shape 5 forming a pot wall 3 and a pot bottom 4 .

Fig. 2 shows an individual view of the acoustically effective nonwoven layer 2 in plan view.

In detail, it can be seen that the pot-shaped formations 5 have an essentially rectangular base, with long sides and narrow sides, the long sides additionally also having a triangular-shaped bulge toward the outside. The narrow sides are also slightly curved ver continuously formed.

It can be seen from the cross-sectional representations in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 6 that a pot bottom 4 and a pot wall 3 can be distinguished. According to the outer contour line, both areas, the pot bottom 4 and the pot wall 3 , are formed to curve slightly outward, with a dome-like structure overall.

This acoustically effective nonwoven layer 2 is made from a nonwoven material in the press molding process. With reference to the cross-sectional representations, it can be seen that the pot walls 3 consist of highly compressed, approximately leather-like or hard felt-like consistency nonwoven material, while the pot bases 4 , starting from an edge region of the pot bases 5 , have less compression or no compression of the nonwoven material , Starting from the edge area 6 of each pot base 4 , the nonwoven layer 2 shown in the region of the pot base 4 thus has an increasing wall thickness, which goes hand in hand with a higher compressibility of the wall.

The nonwoven material can in particular be made of polyester fa materials. Next can the fleece fabric thermoplastic fine fibers made of polyethylene and / or polypropylene and / or polyamide or the like  be attached. These thermoplastic fibers serve as binder fibers due to softening in the course of increased Temperature, for example during a forming process.

Such an acoustically effective nonwoven layer 2 has a high temperature resistance. Last but not least, the binding fibers mentioned are important in addition to the raw material. Such an object can withstand temperatures of over 200 ° C in the long run.

The nonwoven layer 2 shown is produced overall from a continuously uniform layer of nonwoven material in the embossing process. The cup walls 3 and also the intermediate wall sections 7 between two Topfwandun gene 3 are highly compressed while the compression - decreases from the edge regions 6 of the pan bottoms 4 and rapidly assumes the original, undeformed thickness and consistency of the nonwoven layer.

The uniform position in the area of each pot bottom 4 is composed of a plurality of individual layers. These individual layers 8 run essentially parallel to a pot bottom plane.

In addition, each pot bottom 4 can have an outer skin in the form of a separate non-woven layer, which is materially distinguishable from the non-woven material of the non-woven layer 2 that is otherwise used. This skin has a more homogeneous structure and at the same time a higher tear resistance. It can also be designed to be particularly deformation-friendly, that is to say, be specially equipped to maintain the deformed structure.

In the plan view in Fig. 2 is also indicated that each pot bottom 4 is structured by stiffening grooves 9 . With respect to the substantially rectangular outline of a pot bottom 4 , the stiffening grooves 9 run partly diagonally, but not towards a center of the outline, but towards a focal point that follows the center line but is offset with respect to the narrow sides. In contrast, further stiffening grooves 9 run essentially along the long sides of the pot base 4 without following the bulge outwards.

A thickness d of each pot bottom 4 is in the middle area about 10-20 mm. In contrast, a thickness s of a pot wall 3 is approximately 2-3 mm.

It can also be seen that the increase in thickness, starting from an edge region 6 of the pot base 4 , takes place relatively quickly, for example over a distance which corresponds to a quarter of the greatest width of the pot base 4 .

The total thickness of the acoustically active nonwoven layer 2 is chosen to be approximately 60-80 mm in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS . 1 to 6.

In order to further increase the acoustic effectiveness with a low weight, the acoustically acting nonwoven layer 2 , as mentioned, is sandwiched between further layers. Thus, according to the embodiment in FIG. 1, two layers of a ceramic nonwoven 10 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the nonwoven layer, each ceramic nonwoven layer having a thickness of approximately 3 mm.

The pot bases 4 of the acoustically active nonwoven layer 2 facing ceramic nonwoven layer 10 is covered by a foam layer 11 , which in the illustrated embodiment is made of melamine foam, the thickness of which is approximately 80 mm.

The sandwich-like structure chosen in this way is also covered on the side facing the pot bottoms 4 by an inner wall 12 provided with openings, for example in the form of an aluminum perforated plate.

An alternative structure is shown in Fig. 3. Here, the acoustically effective nonwoven layer 2 is covered on both sides by a foam layer 11 , with top side, ie facing away from the pot bases 4 , a layer of melamine foam with a thickness of approx. 40 mm and underside, ie facing the pot bases 4 , a layer of Polimid foam a thickness of, for example, 20 mm is provided. The latter is in turn covered by a layer of ceramic fleece 10 and a closed, perforated sheet-like inner wall 12 toward the inside of the room.

As can be seen from the cross-sectional view in FIG. 4, the acoustically effective nonwoven layer 2 can also be covered on both sides by a melamine foam layer. A 40 mm thick layer facing away from the pot bottom and a 30 mm thick melamine foam layer facing the bottom of the pot are provided.

The same arrangement as in Fig. 4, but with foam layers 11 made of Polimid is shown in Fig. 5.

Another alternative is shown in FIG. 6, in which a foam layer 11 made of melamine foam with a thickness of 40 mm is provided facing away from the base of the pot. A layer of ceramic fleece 10 is first provided, followed by an approx. 20 mm thick melamine foam layer 11 and another ceramic fleece layer 10 . This structure is also covered in the direction of an interior by means of an inner wall 12 in the form of a perforated plate or the like.

Another, in the layer structure of the embodiment of FIG. 1 corresponding embodiment is shown in Fig. 7 Darge. This differs in the area of the acoustic fleece layer 2 in the form that here the pot walls 3 are shaped such that the pot bottoms 4 are arranged freely hanging between the pot walls 3 . Thus, densified web areas 13 are also formed between the pot walls 3 of two adjacent formations 5 . These are formed in the course of the pressing process for producing the nonwoven layer 2 in the region of the intermediate wall sections 7 . The web areas 13 , which are not shown in the individual top view of the nonwoven layer 2 in FIG. 2, have a height that is selected to be greater than the actual thickness of the nonwoven layer 2 in the region of its formations 5 , so that the web areas 13 one Spacing of the pot bases 4 to the assigned elements - foam layer, ceramic fleece layer - result and allow the non-compacted area - the pot bottom 4 - of the fleece layer 2 to swing freely.

All features disclosed are (by themselves) fiction sentlich. In the disclosure of the application is here with also the disclosure content of the associated / attached priority documents (copy of the pre-registration) fully included, also for the purpose, Merk times of these documents in claims of the present application to include.

Claims (17)

1. Acoustically effective insulation element ( 1 ), for example for a ship's wall insulation, with a foam layer ( 11 ), characterized in that the insulation further ter a ceramic fleece layer ( 10 ), an acoustically effective shaped fleece layer ( 2 ) and one with Breaks provided inner wall ( 12 ). 2. Insulation element according to claim 1 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the foam layer ( 11 ) consists of polimide. 3. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the foam layer ( 11 ) consists of melamine foam. 4. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the acoustically effective nonwoven layer ( 2 ) has a structuring with a substantially pot-like, a pot wall ( 3 ) and a pot bottom ( 4 ) forming ( 5 ) having. 5. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pot base ( 4 ) at least at its edge region ( 6 ) has an increasing wall thickness towards the center of the pot base ( 4 ), accompanied by a higher compressibility of the wall ( 3 ). 6. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pot wall formed from nonwoven fabric ( 3 ) is comparatively incompressible. 7. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pot wall ( 3 ) is press-formed. 8. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pot base ( 4 ) is partially press-formed. 9. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric of the acoustically active nonwoven layer ( 2 ) in the region of the pot base ( 4 ) is arranged essentially in layers such that the layers ( 8 ) are preferred run parallel to a pot level. 10. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the acoustically active fleece layer ( 2 ) has a fine fleece as the outer skin. 11. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that bead-like stiffening grooves ( 9 ) are formed in the pot base ( 4 ). 12. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a stiffening groove ( 9 ) is formed essentially diagonally in a substantially rectangular plan of the pot base ( 4 ). 13. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pot wall ( 3 ) is shaped such that the pot bottom ( 4 ) is freely suspended between the pot walls ( 3 ). 14. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the acoustically active nonwoven layer ( 2 ) is arranged between two foam layers ( 11 ). 15. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the acoustically active nonwoven layer ( 2 ) is arranged between a foam layer ( 11 ) and a ceramic nonwoven layer ( 10 ). 16. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the layers ( 2 , 10 , 11 ) are glued to one another. 17. Insulation element according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the layers ( 2 , 10 , 11 ) are glued to one another by means of an inorganic adhesive, for example a ceramic adhesive.