DE10046718A1 - Current pick-up for model vehicle has slip contact of flexible contact plates deformable perpendicularly to longitudinal direction that return to original state without external force action - Google Patents

Abstract

The current pick-up has a slip contact essentially parallel to a contact plane and aligned in the longitudinal direction of the model vehicle for mounting on the underside of the model vehicle with a spring-elastic flexible holding device. The slip contact consists of flexible, elongated contact plates deformable perpendicularly relative to the holding device and that return to their original state without the action of external forces The current pick-up has a slip contact (24) essentially parallel to a contact plane and aligned in the longitudinal direction of the model vehicle for mounting on the underside of the model vehicle with a spring-elastic flexible holding device to come into sliding contact with counter contacts of a track system in the operating state. The slip contact is made up of flexible, elongated contact plates (28) deformable perpendicularly to its longitudinal direction (29) relative to the holding device (25) and that return to their original state without the action of external forces. Independent claims are also included for the following: a model vehicle, especially the tractor vehicle for a model railway.

Description

The invention relates to a pantograph for a model vehicle, in particular for a Motor vehicle of a model train, as well as a model vehicle, as in the claims 1 and 16.

Current collectors are already known, which are located on the underside, in particular on one Underbody of a model railway vehicle are mounted to a so-called point contact rails in the middle area between the two track rails to be able to tap the electrical drive energy. It is a stable, skid-like shaped sliding contact by means of a holding device on the underside of the model vehicle mounted. This holding device is designed such that the solid version Sliding contact with a certain preload against the electrical point contacts of the  Track system is pressed. An adjustability of the stiff sliding contact in Verti The direction to the underside of the model vehicle is determined by a spring-elastic after flexibility of the holding device allows. Such pantographs have a straight line running track sections a high level of contact reliability when in use stood, d. H. when driving the model railroad vehicle, causes such a downstream but clearly perceptible noise.

The present invention has for its object to provide a pantograph for a Mo To create a dell vehicle or a model vehicle with which in all track sections reliable, sliding contacting with low noise can be achieved is.

This object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The advantage resulting from the features in the characterizing part of claim 1 in that the pantograph or its sliding contact is capable of at least two assume different shape states. In the first state of form, which level of the sliding contact corresponds, this is largely rectilinear and can therefore with a plurality of mating contacts, which usually consist of point contacts are formed, make electrical contact. This straight or in the force-neutral or non-contacting condition, if necessary slightly bent shape of the sliding contact platelets is particularly advantageous in intersection-free track sections because of the multiple point contact a reliable, electrical connection can be established can. Due to the relatively low inherent rigidity of the contact plate, an impact or non-stop contact with the point contacts after the contact plate to the point contacts, which were subject to certain production tolerances, especially in the amount can, nestle or adjust. The good balance of dimensional tolerances but also prevents the occurrence of bounce vibrations, which spread over the entire Pantographs would spread. After from the pantograph according to the invention sudden forces are effectively absorbed or damped by the sem no impulsive blows on the underside of the model vehicle or on the entire track system transferred. Through the pantograph according to the invention in a structurally uncomplicated manner, a significantly noise-reduced and at the same time improvement contacting behavior with the spaced-apart point contacts aims. Especially in crossing or switch areas of a track system  Current collector or its contact plate due to the forces acting in one go over to the second state with the shape curved upwards. On the one hand, this allows short conclusions between areas of the track system with different electrical potentials be excluded if the pantograph crosses a rail or a crossing the track. Due to the possibility of taking an upward arch The curved shape of the contact plate in a crossover area also becomes one Tipping movement of the pantograph about its transverse axis at the time of crossing a crossing rail avoided. This can advantageously be a permanent Contact connection with the electrical point contacts can be ensured, thereby creating a uninterruptible power supply of the model vehicle can be guaranteed. Dar In addition, spark gaps and Flashovers between the cuddly contact plate and the counter contact ten of the track system avoided, whereby the wear of the pantograph compares is kept low. Furthermore, the significantly reduced spark gaps result and arcing hardly any electromagnetic interference fields, which also improved Values with regard to the electromagnetic compatibility of the overall system or the ent speaking model vehicle can be achieved. This also has an advantageous effect on one optionally arranged in the traction vehicle electronic control device or on the Corresponding decoder, because no or only minimal interference peaks act on them ken and thereby the functional reliability of the entire system is increased.

A further development according to claim 2 is advantageous because it makes a very flexible con clock plate can be used, even with relatively low acting forces can be converted into a convex shape. This has a low inherent rigidity Send contact plate is still effective due to the comparatively stable support element sam before permanent deformation when running into or bumping into a track component protected.

An embodiment according to claim 3 or 4 is also advantageous, since it gives flexibility or compliance of the contact plate despite the arrangement on the largely form stable support element is not hindered.

A further advantage is a further development according to claim 5, since the Kon tact plate only rests in its end regions on the support element, whereby a Ent Coupling between the contact plate and the support element is created and the  Transmission of structure-borne noise or the occurrence of bouncing vibrations is prevented.

Protection of the contact plate against excessive and possibly permanent deformation mung is in a simple manner by the advantageous embodiment according to claim 6 achievable.

An embodiment according to claim 7 is also advantageous, since on the one hand this means that the flexi bility of the contact plate hardly impairing storage is achieved and at the same time Contact plate is largely decoupled from the support element, so that the support element and all parts connected with this no mechanical oscillations or vibrations get abandoned.

An embodiment according to claim 8 is also advantageous, since this makes the contact plate, which is decisive for good contact behavior of the entire pantograph, Assembled quickly and without any tools, if necessary or can be replaced.

Another advantage is an embodiment according to claim 9 or 10, because that before pulls two-armed holding device with only one centrally or centrally arranged Fastening element, in particular via a fastening screw, on the underside of the Model vehicle can be assembled without requiring a breakthrough in the contact plate would be, which is also aligned with the mounting hole in the holding device ought to. In particular, this configuration also ensures that for the time being only the spring-elastic holding device can be mounted on the underside of the model vehicle can and subsequently the support without additional screw or adhesive connections element and the contact plate can be positively connected to the holding device and if necessary, can also be dismantled.

In addition, a possible embodiment according to claim 11 is advantageous because it is a automatic release of the positive connection between the holding arms of the holding device direction and the support element can be excluded and at the same time a longitudinal compensation for the holding arms when the sliding contact or support element approaches the underside of the model vehicle or to the mounting area of the holding device.

An embodiment according to claim 12 is also advantageous, since this makes the contact plate  is held immovably transversely to its longitudinal direction and especially in curves cut a lateral deviation between the contact plate and the support element can be prevented.

Separate line connections or contact bridges for energy transfer from the contact tiles to the respective infeed point on the model vehicle can be viewed by continuing tion according to claim 13 are unnecessary.

A largely bump-free or jerk-free sliding of the contact plate over the übli Counter contacts designed as point contacts are modified by the design Claim 14 in both a forward and a backward movement of the correspond achieved corresponding model vehicle.

An embodiment according to claim 15 is also advantageous, since it is based on the Holding device always a certain biasing force is exerted on the contact plate and with the contact plate stored in this way on the one hand a reliable contact and on the other hand, he easily overcomes minor bumps in the track system is aimable.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a model vehicle according to claim 16 solved. The advantages resulting from the combination of features of this claim are in that the model vehicle is uninterrupted in all possible track sections can be supplied with electrical energy and one compared to conventional Pantographs significantly reduced noise during the grinding pots tial tap is achieved.

The invention is described below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings Examples explained in more detail.

Show it:

FIG. 1 is a model vehicle, in particular a traction vehicle of a model railway, with the current collector according to the invention in side view and a greatly simplified schematic representation;

Fig. 2 is a located in front of a crossing region of a track system model vehicle with the current collector according to the invention in top view and simplistic ter, a schematic representation;

3 shows an embodiment of the current collector according to the invention in a simplified perspective view from above.

FIG. 4 shows the pantograph according to FIG. 3 in a perspective view from below;

Fig. 5 shows the pantograph of Figure 3 in the initial or idle state and in the use position indicated by dashed lines, in which this is in spring elastic pre-tension to a track system, in side view and simplified ter, schematic representation.

Fig. 6 the current collector of Figure 5 in plan view.

Figure 7 shows the support element of the pantograph according to the invention in longitudinal section.

Fig. 8 shows a preferred embodiment of the contact plate of the pantograph according to the invention for connection to the support element according to FIG. 7, in Seitenan view.

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments Identify the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names the, the disclosures contained in the entire description on the same che parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names that can. The location information selected in the description, such as. B. above, un th, laterally, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are in the event of a change in position, to be transferred accordingly to the new position. Furthermore, also Individual features or combinations of features from those shown and described below Different embodiments for independent, inventive or fictional represent reasonable solutions.

In Figs. 1 and 2, a model vehicle 1, in particular a traction vehicle 2, a model is soft ground, which is equipped with an inventive current collector 3, illustrating veran.

The current collector according to the invention is provided in particular for tapping an electrical potential which rests in the central region between rails 4 , 5 of a track system 6 running parallel to one another and is provided for tapping.

The corresponding reference potential of the electrical energy to be transmitted into the model vehicle 1 can be reached from the usually metallic rails 4 , 5 of the track system 6 . The two rails 4 , 5 are preferably electrically connected to one another and therefore have the same electrical potential at the rails 4 , 5 . The electrical potential of the rails 4 , 5 is tapped in a manner known per se from at least one wheel set 7 , 8 of the model vehicle 1 . For this purpose, sliding contacts indicated in dashed lines are provided on the wheel sets 7 , 8 . These sliding contacts are then with an electrical control device or with a decoder and / or directly with an electrical consumer 9 , such as. B. with a drive motor and / or with lighting inside the model vehicle 1 line-connected.

The second potential of the electrical energy for driving and / or controlling the model vehicle 1 is tapped via the current collector 3 by mating contacts 10 in the central region between the two rails 4 , 5 and via a line connection 11 to a control device or to a decoder and / or to corresponding electrical consumers 9 in the model vehicle 1 .

The counter contacts 10 are usually formed by projecting from the track bed, electric contact pins 12, which in the longitudinal direction of the rails 4, 5 are spaced from each other at a distance. 13 On the underside of the simulated or simulated track bed device, the individual contact pins 12 are electrically connected to one another via a common busbar. The mating contacts or contact pins 12 are integrated in the track bed as unobtrusively as possible.

The current collector 3 according to the invention is therefore provided for tapping the electrical potential of so-called point contact rails 14 known from the prior art. Such rail systems are usually referred to as three-wire track for AC systems.

Particularly in track sections with crossings or junctions of tracks, the respective point contact rail 14 is preferably provided in the direct overlap or crossover area of the respective point contact rail 14, preferably electrically isolating blind contacts 15 or not loaded with the respective electrical potential.

In intersection-free track areas, the mating contacts 10 , in particular the electrical contact pins 12 , protrude only slightly beyond the track bed or over simulated sleepers of the track system 6 .

A height of the blind contacts 15 in the direct crossover or overlapping area of rails is preferably chosen to be greater than a height 16 of the electrical contact pins 12 in other areas of the track system 6 . In particular, the height dimension of the blind contacts 15 increases steadily when approaching the crossing or switch area and the height dimensions of the blind contacts 15 decrease again from the crossing or switch area.

The blind contacts 15 or, if appropriate, also electrically actuated contact pins 12 form an arc-shaped transfer over the rails 4 , 5 of a crossing or merging track in the crossover area. The height dimensions of the blind contacts 15 are preferably selected such that the pantograph 3 on the model vehicle 1 is guided over the rail 4 and 5 without contact. As a result, a short circuit between the centrally arranged contact pins 12 and the crossing rails in the direction of travel NEN 4 and 5 of a merging track through the crossing pantograph 3 of the model vehicle 1 is prevented.

To avoid short circuits, it is also possible to use the relatively short rails to interrupt sections of the crossing tracks or not with the respective electrical Potential to act.

A further purpose of the contact pins 12 opposite longer counter or dummy contacts 10; 15 is to be able to move the pantograph 3 as smoothly as possible or jerk-free over the rail crossing or rail junction. In particular, the comparatively higher blind contacts 15 prevent the current collector 3 from running up and bumping against crossing rail sections.

The pantograph 3 is to be arranged on an underside 17 of the model vehicle 1 . The pantograph 3 can be mounted on the underside of a chassis frame 18 and / or, as indicated in dashed lines, on the underside of a bogie 19 which receives the wheel sets 7 , 8 .

The pantograph 3 runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction - arrow 20 - of the model vehicle 1 and its contact surface is aligned essentially parallel to a standing level of the model vehicle 1 . The current collector 3 is usually arranged in alignment and centrally with respect to a longitudinal central axis 21 of the model vehicle 1 .

A length 22 of the pantograph 3 measured in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 21 is clearly selected, in particular 1.5 to 4 times larger than a rail spacing 23 between rails 4 , 5 running parallel to one another.

The pantograph 3 comprises an electrically conductive sliding contact 24 , which in the driving operation of the model vehicle 1 over the spaced 13 spaced con contact pins 12 slides electrically contacting. The distance 13 between the contact pins 12 is significantly smaller than the length 22 of the sliding contact 24 , so that the sliding contact 24 is always electrically contacted with several, preferably at least three contact pins 12 .

The sliding contact 24 can be mounted by means of a bracket-like holding device 25 as inconspicuously as possible or inconspicuously on the underside 17 of the model vehicle 1 . The Haltvor device 25 also allows an adjustability of the sliding contact 24 in the vertical direction to the bottom 17 of the model vehicle 1st At the same time, in the operating state, ie when the model vehicle 1 is placed on the rails 4 , 5 , the holding device 25 exerts a certain pretensioning force on the sliding contact 24 and therefore presses it against the mating contacts 10 of the respective point contact rail 14 . It is thereby achieved that the sliding contact 24 comes to rest against the mating contacts 10 and a reliable electrical connection is established which is as low as possible. The sliding contact 24 of the flexible current collector 3 is preferably held on an elongated, comparatively inherently rigid support element 26 .

In FIGS. 3 to 8 of the current collector according to the invention 3 or its components are shown in an enlarged view.

The sliding contact 24 is formed by a in the operating state forces in the vertical direction - arrow 27 - flexible and from a first, largely rectilinear or ge stretched shape into an arcuate upwardly curved shape convertible contact plate 28 is formed. The elasticity or the restoring behavior of the contact plate 28 is chosen such that it in the initial or resting state or when the verti cal to its longitudinal direction - arrow 29 - deformation forces occurring again in the largely linear rest state - according to FIG. 9 - resets. The arched upward shape of the contact plate 28 is indicated in Fig. 7 with dashed lines. Alternatively, the contact plate 28 in the initial or idle state, ie that it is not connected to mating contacts 10 (see FIGS. 1, 2), can be slightly curved downward.

The strip-shaped or elongated contact plate 28 is formed or formed from a relatively thin, metallic sheet metal strip. The contact plate 28 is preferably punched or cut from a sheet of metal and is made of a wear-resistant material with good electrical conductivity, preferably nickel silver, or else made of bronze or steel. The material thickness of the contact plate 28 is chosen such that it has a relatively low dimensional stability with respect to deformation forces acting vertically to its longitudinal direction - arrow 29 .

In addition, the volume or the mass of the contact plate 28 in comparison to known from the prior art, generic sliding contacts 24 be much less measure. In particular, the structure of the pantograph 3 according to the invention allows a reduction in its mass to approximately half the mass of conventional pantographs 3 with an inherently rigid sliding contact 24 .

The contact plate 28 , which has a relatively low intrinsic or form rigidity, is held on the comparatively dimensionally stable support element 26 . The support member 26 is made of a light, non-deformable material under the forces acting in the operating state, in particular made of plastic. The support element 26 is preferably formed from hard plastic, in particular from a thermoset. If necessary, it is also possible to use the Tragele element 26 made of a light, metallic material, such as. B. from aluminum, titanium or a titanium alloy. It is important, among other things, that the mass of the metallic sliding contact 24 or the support element 26 is many times smaller than the mass of a solid sliding contact made of iron or steel known from the prior art.

The deformability of the contact plate 28 relative to the support element 26 can be limited by the shape of the support element 26 and / or by the type of connection between the contact plate 28 and the support element 26 .

The contact plate 28 is preferably exclusively connected to the support element 26 in a form-fitting manner. For this purpose, end regions 31 , 32 of the contact plate 28 are bent or hook-shaped. Hook-like deformations 33 , 34 at the end regions 31 , 32 of the contact plate 28 can encompass front end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 , whereby the contact plate 28 is held on the support element 26 , if necessary, by exerting a prestressing force.

For a connection of the contact plate 28 with the support element 26 , the Umformun conditions 33 , 34 are only widened and then snapped over the end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 .

The positive connection between the flexible contact plate 28 and the support element 26 is designed such that a limited adjustability of the contact plate 28 is maintained relative to the support element 26 . In particular, the positive connection between the contact plate 28 and the support element 26 in the broadest sense is a rotary and linear adjustment movement between at least one end region 31 ; 32 of the contact plate 28 and the associated end region 35 ; 36 of the Tragele mentes 26 allow. This can be accomplished, for example, by the resilient deformability of the deformed end regions 31 , 32 .

Exclusively in the end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 , contact or storage locations 37 , 38 are formed for the contact plate 28 . In the area between the longitudinal direction - arrow 29 - spaced apart bearing or bearing points 37 , 38 , the contact plate 28 is self-supporting. For this purpose, the support element 26 can have a breakthrough in the area between the position or bearing points 37 , 38 . Preferably, however, a groove 39 is formed in the middle area between the front bearing or bearing points 37 , 38 , which forms a free space 40 between the upper flat side of the contact plate 28 and the underside of the support element 26 .

This fillet 39 limits the deformability of the contact plate 28 in the vertical direction - according to arrow 27 - and thereby prevents excessive stress and remain de deformation of the contact plate 28 when excessive forces occur.

The contact plate 28 is in any case only in its end regions 31 , 32 on the support element 26 and between its end regions 31 , 32 on the support element 26, the free space 40 between the contact plate 28 and the support element 26 securing groove 39 is provided. The contact plate 28 is in any case only resiliently held in its end regions 31 , 32 and can compensate for forces acting in the central region. The contact plate 28 can also be slightly pretensioned via its end regions 31 , 32 on the support element 26 .

The support element 26 is preferably essentially U-shaped in cross section. A width 41 of the contact plate 28 is chosen to be the same or slightly smaller than a clear width 42 between the legs 43 , 44 of the U-shaped support element 26 .

The holding device 25 for the resiliently flexible holding of the support element 26 or the contact plate 28 arranged thereon preferably consists of an electrically conductive material. The bracket-shaped, in particular trapezoidal, shaped holding device 25 forms two holding arms 45 , 46 for the supporting element 26 . The holding arms 45 , 46 protrude at an angle from a central mounting platform 47 of the holding device 25 or the pantograph 3 . An inclusion angle 48 between the two holding arms 45 , 46 be preferably carries more than 90 °. The end regions 49 , 50 of the holding arms 45 , 46 facing away from the central assembly platform 47 are designed for releasable, form-fitting connection to the end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 , if necessary. For this purpose, bends 51 , 52 or deformations are formed on the end regions 49 , 50 of the two-armed holding device 25 . These bends 51 , 52 of the holding arms 45 , 46 are with the respectively assigned end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 positively ver bindable and if necessary detachable from each other. For this purpose, openings 53 , 54 are provided in the end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 , which arms 45 , 46 of the holding device 25 penetrate through the associated holding arms or can be gripped behind by their bends 51 , 52 or deformations. The angle of inclination 48 between the holding arms 45 , 46 is dimensioned such that the outer surfaces of the holding arms 45 , 46 rest against the outer loading edges of the openings 53 , 54 resiliently biased. The clamped on the support member 26 contact plate 28 prevents the unlimited by setting the holding arms 45 , 46 through the support member 26 and are therefore the Abwinkelun gene 51 , 52 or the corresponding deformations forcibly contacting the upper flat side of the contact plate 28 .

The holding device 25 and the holding arms 45 , 46 are formed by an electrical conductor ge. In the state joined or connected to the support element 26 , the holding device 25 thus automatically comes into electrical contact with the contact plate 28 held thereon.

A longitudinal extension of the openings 53 , 54 for the introduction of the holding arms 45 , 46 is selected such that when the smallest possible vertical distance 55 is taken between the mounting platform 47 and the support element 26, the holding arms come to bear on inner boundary edges 56 , 57 of the openings 53 , 54 .

The end regions 35 , 36 of the support element 26 and the end regions 31 , 32 of the contact plate 26 are preferably rounded like a skid upwards.

A bore 58 for inserting a fastening screw is formed in the mounting platform 47 in alignment with the longitudinal center axis of the pantograph 3 . By means of a single fastening screw, the complete pantograph 3 can thus be mounted on the underside 17 of the model vehicle 1 (FIGS . 1, 2). For this purpose, the support element 26 with the con tact plate 28 is to be separated from the holding device 25 and, after the resilient holding device 25 has been fastened to the underside 17 of the model vehicle, only the support element 26 with the contact plate 28 with the projecting holding arms 45 , 46 is to be positively connected .

Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a spring device between the upper flat side of the contact plate 28 and the underside of the support element 26 facing it, which spring device can influence the deflection of the contact plate 28 . This spring device can be formed by metallic spring tongues, by plastic plates, by foam liners or by other spring-elastic properties aufwei sending devices and materials.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the pantograph 3 according to the invention, its components have been shown partially to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be the Be be taken from the letter.

Above all, the individual in FIGS. 1, 2; 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 shown form the subject of independent, inventive solutions. The relevant tasks and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

List of reference symbols

1

Model vehicle

2nd

Locomotive

3rd

Pantograph

4

rail

5

rail

6

Track system

7

Wheelset

8th

Wheelset

9

consumer

10th

Counter contact

11

Line connection

12th

Contact pin

13

distance

14

Point contact rail

15

Blind contact

16

height

17th

bottom

18th

Chassis & frame

19th

bogie

20th

Arrow (longitudinal direction)

21

Longitudinal central axis

22

length

23

Rail spacing

24th

Sliding contact

25th

Holding device

26

Support element

27

Arrow (vertical direction)

28

Contact plate

29

Arrow (longitudinal direction)

30th

31

end

32

end

33

Reshaping

34

Reshaping

35

Frontal area

36

Frontal area

37

Investment or storage location

38

Investment or storage location

39

Groove

40

free space

41

width

42

Vastness

43

leg

44

leg

45

Holding arm

46

Holding arm

47

Assembly platform

48

Inclusion angle

49

end

50

end

51

Bend

52

Bend

53

breakthrough

54

breakthrough

55

Vertical distance

56

Boundary edge

57

Boundary edge

58

drilling

Claims (16)

1. pantograph for a model vehicle, in particular for a traction vehicle egg ner model train, comprising a sliding contact to be aligned substantially parallel to a contact plane and in the longitudinal direction of the model vehicle for arrangement by means of a resilient holding device on an underside of the model vehicle, in order to be in use with mating contacts Contacting a track system by grinding, characterized in that the sliding contact ( 24 ) is formed by a flexible, elongated contact plate ( 28 ) which is deformable relative to the holding device ( 25 ) and vertical to its longitudinal direction (arrow ( 29 )) when the forces acting in the operating state is wel ches from a first, largely rectilinear basic position to a second, arcuately arched position can be converted and resiliently formed without external force in the largely rectilinear basic position. 2. Pantograph according to claim 1, characterized in that two end areas che ( 31 , 32 ) of the resilient and resilient contact plate ( 28 ) on end regions ( 35 , 36 ) of a comparatively inherently rigid support element ( 26 ) are positively held. 3. A current collector as in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the positive connection between the flexible contact plate (28) and the support member (26) when a force acts on the contact plate (28) adjustability of the Kontaktplätt Chen (28) relative to the supporting element ( 26 ) enables. 4. Pantograph according to claim 3, characterized in that the positive connection between the relatively light contact plate ( 28 ) and the support element ( 26 ) a rotational and linear adjustment movement between at least one end region ( 31 ; 32 ) of the contact plate ( 28 ) and the assigned end area ( 35 , 36 ) of the support element ( 26 ). 5. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact plate ( 28 ) in the region between its in the longitudinal direction - arrow ( 29 ) - spaced apart bearing or bearing points ( 37 , 38 ) on the support element ( 26 ) is self-supporting or a groove ( 39 ) is formed on the support element ( 26 ). 6. Pantograph according to claim 5, characterized in that the groove ( 39 ) limits the deformability of the contact plate ( 28 ) in the vertical direction - arrow ( 27 ). 7. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact plate ( 28 ) rests exclusively in its end regions ( 31 , 32 ) on the support element ( 26 ) and through the groove ( 39 ) in the support element ( 26 ) a free space ( 40 ) is formed between the top of the contact plate ( 28 ) and the bottom of the support element ( 26 ). 8. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element ( 26 ) is designed for releasable, if necessary, positive connection with the end regions ( 31 , 32 ) of the contact plate ( 28 ). 9. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end regions ( 35 , 36 ) of the support element ( 26 ) are designed for releasable, form-fitting connection with holding arms ( 45 , 46 ) of the holding device ( 25 ). 10. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that projecting end regions ( 49 , 50 ) of the two-armed holding device ( 25 ) via deformations ( 33 , 34 ) or bends ( 51 , 52 ) without tools with the respectively associated End regions ( 35 , 36 ) of the support element ( 28 ) are connectable and may be detachable from each other. 11. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the end regions ( 35 , 36 ) of the support element ( 26 ) through openings ( 53 , 54 ) are arranged, which of the associated holding arms ( 45 , 46 ) Hold device ( 25 ) are enforceable and reachable. 12. Current collector according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element ( 26 ) is substantially U-shaped in cross section and a width ( 41 ) of the contact plate ( 28 ) is equal to or slightly less than a clear width ( 42 ) between legs ( 43 , 44 ) of the support element ( 26 ). 13. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 25 ) is formed by an electrical conductor, which in the case with the support element ( 26 ) was joined to the forcibly held contact plate ( 28 ) in electrical connection is coming. 14. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end regions ( 35 , 36 ) of the support element ( 26 ) and the contact plate ( 28 ) are rounded like a skid. 15. Pantograph according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 25 ) is formed from a resiliently resetting, electrically conductive material which is a change in a vertical distance ( 55 ) between a mounting platform ( 47 ) of the holding device ( 25th ) and the support element ( 26 ). 16. Model vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle of a model train, which is intended for locomotion on a track system which has electrical counter contacts between the rails for a pantograph on the underside of the model vehicle, characterized in that the pantograph ( 3 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims is formed.