DE10044955A1 - Rough terrain capable goods vehicle, has integral electrical auxiliary drive for one axle activated manually or automatically as start-off aid up to threshold speed of 10 kph - Google Patents

Rough terrain capable goods vehicle, has integral electrical auxiliary drive for one axle activated manually or automatically as start-off aid up to threshold speed of 10 kph

Info

Publication number
DE10044955A1
DE10044955A1 DE10044955A DE10044955A DE10044955A1 DE 10044955 A1 DE10044955 A1 DE 10044955A1 DE 10044955 A DE10044955 A DE 10044955A DE 10044955 A DE10044955 A DE 10044955A DE 10044955 A1 DE10044955 A1 DE 10044955A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
axle
drive
vehicle according
vehicle
freewheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE10044955A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Gerhard Rieck
Karl Viktor Schaller
Gert Ruehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG filed Critical MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority to DE10044955A priority Critical patent/DE10044955A1/en
Publication of DE10044955A1 publication Critical patent/DE10044955A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/36—Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/26—Transition between different drive modes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/28—Four wheel or all wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The vehicle has a diesel engine and at least two axles, at least one driven by the diesel engine. The other axle(s) is not driven by the engine and has two outer sides with hubs for at least one wheel each. The axle (1) for each wheel hub has an integral electric drive activated manually or automatically as a start-off aid up to a threshold speed of 10 kph. The drive connection is separated when the speed is exceeded, preferably by an idler. The vehicle has a diesel engine and at least two axles, whereby at least one axle is driven by the diesel engine and the other axle(s) is not driven by the diesel engine and has two outer sides, each with a hub for accommodating at least one wheel. The axle (1) for each wheel hub has an integral electric drive (2) that can be activated manually or automatically by signals from a vehicle computer as a start-off aid up to a threshold speed of 10 kph and the drive connection between the wheels and axle is separated when the speed is exceeded, preferably by an idler (8).

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Nutzfahrzeug, insbesondere von einem Last­ kraftwagen mit mindestens einer permanent antreibbaren Achse und einem weite­ ren zuschaltbaren oder permanenten Achsantrieb, z. B. den der Vorderachse, gemäß der Gattung von Patentanspruch 1.The invention is based on a commercial vehicle, in particular a load motor vehicles with at least one permanently drivable axle and a width ren switchable or permanent final drive, z. B. that of the front axle, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Geländegängige Nutzfahrzeuge, insbesondere Lastkraftwagen haben sehr unter­ schiedliche Einsatzbedingungen und Einsatzorte.Off-road commercial vehicles, especially trucks, are very under different operating conditions and locations.

Die schwersten Einsatzbedingungen und Einsatzorte dürften wohl die gelände­ gängigen Militärlastkraftwagen haben. Aus der Sicht des Herstellers dieser Lkws kann der Einsatzort eines solchen Fahrzeuges in sehr kalten Regionen mit Eis- oder Schnee behaftetem Gelände oder in Sumpfgebieten oder in sehr bergigem Gelände oder in der Wüste sein. Die genannten Fahrzeuge müssen auch im Ge­ lände schnell sein und benötigen deshalb meistens einen permanenten Allradan­ trieb, der in herkömmlicher Bauart mit Verteilergetriebe und Achsdifferenzial durch nichts anderes ersetzbar ist.The most difficult operating conditions and locations are likely to be the terrain have common military trucks. From the perspective of the manufacturer of these trucks can the location of such a vehicle be used in very cold regions with ice or snowy terrain or in swamps or in very mountainous areas Off-road or in the desert. The vehicles mentioned must also be in Ge be fast and therefore usually require a permanent all-wheel drive driven in a conventional design with transfer case and axle differential nothing else can be replaced.

Weiterhin gibt es Fahrzeuge für einen Abraumeinsatz im Tagebau, z. B. für schwierigen Straßenbau in einem Gebirge. Auch für diese Fahrzeuge ist der her­ kömmliche Allradantrieb durch nichts anderes ersetzbar.There are also vehicles for overburden use in opencast mining, e.g. B. for difficult road construction in a mountain range. This is also for these vehicles conventional all-wheel drive cannot be replaced by anything else.

Es gibt jedoch Einsatzbedingungen und Einsatzorte, wie z. B. einen Lieferer von Baumaterial an oder in eine Baustelle in einer relativ ebenen Gegend, wobei an der Baustelle moderne Geräte, wie Radlader oder ein geeigneter Kran vorhanden ist und die Zufahrtswege zur Baustelle zumindest mit Kies belegt sind. Mit Kran und Radlader sind Zulieferteile in entsprechende Positionen der Baustelle oder in eine Vorratslagerposition bringbar, ohne dass der Lkw besonders schweres Ge­ lände befahren muss.However, there are operating conditions and locations, such as. B. a supplier of Building materials on or in a construction site in a relatively flat area, with on the site has modern equipment such as a wheel loader or a suitable crane and the access roads to the construction site are at least covered with gravel. With a crane and wheel loaders are supplied parts in corresponding positions on the construction site or in  a storage position can be brought without the truck being particularly heavy must drive on land.

Das besagte gilt analog auch für den modernen Straßenbau.The same applies analogously to modern road construction.

Lastkraftwagen mit solchen Einsätzen haben aber auch zuschaltbaren oder per­ manenten Allradantrieb oder mindestens einen zusätzlich schaltbaren Antrieb an der Vorderachse, was ein Verteilergetriebe und ein Differenzialgetriebe an z. B. der Vorderachse erfordert. Diese Lastkraftwagen sind somit "über ausgerüstet" für diese Einsatzfälle, weil sie mehr können als verlangt wird.Trucks with such operations also have switchable or via permanent four-wheel drive or at least one additional switchable drive the front axle, what a transfer case and a differential gear on z. B. the front axle requires. These trucks are "over equipped" for these applications because they can do more than is required.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für ein Nutzfahrzeug, das im Gelände einsetzbar sein muss, einen Achsantrieb für eine weitere Achse, z. B. für eine Achse mit lenkbaren Rädern, zu schaffen, der in einem niedrigen Ge­ schwindigkeitsbereich als Anfahrhilfe wirkt.The present invention is based, for a commercial vehicle, the task must be usable in the field, an axle drive for another axis, for. B. for an axle with steerable wheels, to create that in a low Ge speed range acts as a starting aid.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of Claim 1 solved.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Dadurch, dass eine Traktionshilfe bei den meisten im Gelände eingesetzten Nutzfahrzeugen, insbesondere Lkws, nur bei niedriger Geschwindigkeit benötigt wird, ist der elektrische Hilfsantrieb, der eine Traktionshilfe bis ca. 10 km/h liefern kann, ausreichend. Für solche Einsatzbedingungen baut ein elektrischer Hilfsan­ trieb vergleichsweise klein, weil leicht bauende Elektromotoren verwendet werden können, welche durch große Getriebeübersetzungen den Rädern z. B. einer zu­ sätzlich anzutreibenden Achse relativ hohe Drehmomente liefern können. Bedingt durch die klein bauenden Elektromotoren ergibt sich eine sehr platzsparende An­ ordnung, darüber hinaus sind solche Elektromotoren vergleichsweise kostengüns­ tig. Because a traction aid is used on most of the terrain Commercial vehicles, especially trucks, only required at low speeds is the electric auxiliary drive, which provides traction assistance up to approx. 10 km / h can, sufficient. An electrical auxiliary is installed for such operating conditions drove comparatively small because lightweight electric motors are used can, which by large gear ratios the wheels z. B. one too additionally driven axis can deliver relatively high torques. conditioned The small-sized electric motors result in a very space-saving solution order, in addition, such electric motors are comparatively inexpensive tig.  

Dadurch benötigt man kein Verteilergetriebe und kein Achsdifferenzial mehr. Auch der Treibstoffverbrauch des Fahrzeuges mit dem Erfindungsgegenstand ist we­ sentlich geringer, als bei herkömmlicher Bauart.This eliminates the need for a transfer case and axle differential. Also the fuel consumption of the vehicle with the subject of the invention is we considerably less than with a conventional design.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Er­ findung möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims are advantageous Developments and improvements to the He specified in claim 1 finding possible.

Gemäß einer besonders zu bevorzugenden Maßnahme ist jedem Rad der Vor­ derachse ein eigener, vorzugsweise im wesentlichen vollständig in einen Innen­ raum einer Radnabe integrierter Elektroantrieb zugeordnet, welcher einen Elektromotor, ein Getriebe und den Freilauf umfasst. Der Elektromotor ist als schmal bauender DC-Scheibenläufermotor ausgebildet, welcher gegenüber einer Stirnfläche des freien Endes eines Achsschenkels der Vorderachse koaxial befes­ tigt ist. Dem Scheibenläufermotor und der Stirnfläche des freien Endes des Achs­ schenkels ist ein hoch übersetzendes Getriebe zwischengeordnet, welches ein­ gangsseitig mit einer Welle des Scheibenläufermotors und ausgangsseitig mit der Radnabe verbunden ist.According to a particularly preferred measure, each wheel is the front derachse a separate, preferably essentially completely in an interior Space assigned to a wheel hub integrated electric drive, which one Includes electric motor, a gear and the freewheel. The electric motor is as narrow DC-disc motor, which is opposite one End face of the free end of a knuckle of the front axle coaxial befes is done. The disc motor and the face of the free end of the axis Schenkels is a high-ratio gearbox, which is an intermediate on the output side with a shaft of the disc motor and on the output side with the Wheel hub is connected.

Beim Getriebe handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe, mit einem starren zylindrischen Ring mit Innenverzahnung (Circular Spline), einer ra­ dial elastischen zylindrischen Büchse mit Außenverzahnung (Flex Spline) und mit einer elliptischen Stahlscheibe mit zentrischer Nabe und aufgezogenem, elliptisch verformbaren Dünnringkugellager (Wave Generator), wobei bei Antrieb des Wave Generators der Flex Spline verformbar ist, dessen Außenverzahnung mit der In­ nenverzahnung des Circular Spline kämmt. Ein solches Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe baut sehr schmal, was zusammen mit dem flachen Scheibenläufermotor eine ex­ trem klein bauende Antriebseinheit ergibt.The gearbox is preferably a harmonic drive gearbox with a rigid cylindrical ring with internal teeth (circular spline), a ra dial elastic cylindrical bush with external teeth (Flex Spline) and with an elliptical steel disc with a centric hub and an open, elliptical one deformable thin ring ball bearings (Wave Generator), whereby when the Wave Generator of the Flex Spline is deformable, the external teeth with the In meshing of the circular spline. Such a harmonic drive gear builds very narrow, which together with the flat disc motor makes an ex extremely small drive unit results.

Der Wave Generator des Harmonic-Drive-Getriebes wird vom Scheibenläufermo­ tor angetrieben und der Circular Spline steht als Abtriebselement mit der radial in­ neren Umfangsfläche der Radnabe in Verbindung, wobei der Flex Spline über den Freilauf am Achsschenkel der Vorderachse abgestützt ist. Der Freilauf ist als Klemmkörperfreilauf derart ausgebildet, dass der Flex Spline lediglich bis zur Grenzgeschwindigkeit am Achsschenkel abgestützt ist, bei Fahrzeuggeschwindig­ keiten gleich oder größer als die Grenzgeschwindigkeit aber freilaufen kann. Hier­ durch findet bei oder oberhalb der Grenzgeschwindigkeit eine Entkopplung des Vorderrades von dem ihm zugeordneten Elektroantrieb statt und ermöglicht ihm freie Drehung. Die Grenzgeschwindigkeit liegt vorzugsweise im Kriechfahrtbereich und beträgt vorzugsweise 5 bis 10 km/h.The wave generator of the harmonic drive gear is milled by the disc rotor Tor driven and the circular spline is as an output element with the radial in neren peripheral surface of the wheel hub in connection, the Flex Spline over the  Freewheel is supported on the steering knuckle of the front axle. The freewheel is as Clamping body freewheel designed such that the Flex Spline only up to Limit speed is supported on the steering knuckle at vehicle speed speeds equal to or greater than the limit speed but can run free. here by decoupling the at or above the limit speed Front wheel held by the electric drive assigned to him and enables him free rotation. The limit speed is preferably in the creep range and is preferably 5 to 10 km / h.

Zeichnungdrawing

Nachstehend ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in der Zeichnung darge­ stellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung einer Vorderachse eines Nutzfahrzeuges mit einem in die Räder integrierten elektrischen Hilfsantrieb.Below is an embodiment of the invention in the drawing Darge represents and explained in more detail in the following description. The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a front axle of a commercial vehicle with a electric auxiliary drive integrated in the wheels.

Die Achse ist eine von der Brennkraftmaschine nicht angetriebene Vorderachse. Hierzu ist jedem Rad der Vorderachse 1 ein eigener Elektroantrieb 2 zugeordnet, welcher einen Elektromotor 4, ein Getriebe 6 sowie einen Freilauf 8 umfasst. Das vorzugsweise hoch übersetzende Getriebe 6 ist dem Elektromotor 4 und einem Achsschenkel 10 koaxial zwischengeordnet.The axle is a front axle that is not driven by the internal combustion engine. For this purpose, each wheel of the front axle 1 is assigned its own electric drive 2 , which comprises an electric motor 4 , a gear 6 and a freewheel 8 . The preferably high-ratio gear 6 is coaxially interposed between the electric motor 4 and a steering knuckle 10 .

Der Elektromotor 4 wird vorzugsweise durch einen DC-Scheibenläufermotor der Fa. Heinzmann, 79677 Schönau, Deutschland gebildet und hat eine angetriebe­ ne Ankerscheibe 14, welche in axialer Richtung Statormagneten 16, 18 zwi­ schengeordnet ist. Die Ankerscheibe 14 ist koaxial mit dem Achsschenkel 10, welcher mittels eines Achsschenkelbolzens 20 an einem Achskörper 22 schwenkbar angelenkt ist. Eine Radnabe 24 ist über Kegelrollenlager 26 am Achsschenkel 10 drehbar gelagert. Die Statormagnete 16, 18 des Scheibenläu­ fermotors 4 sind mitdrehend an der Radnabe 24 festgelegt. Die Ankerscheibe 14 des Scheibenläufermotors 4 ist auf einer Achse 28 und einer Welle 30 befestigt, die mit einem Getriebeeingang 38 des Getriebes 6 in drehfester Verbindung steht, bei welchem es sich vorzugsweise um ein sog. Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe 6 handelt.The electric motor 4 is preferably formed by a DC disk motor from Heinzmann, 79677 Schönau, Germany and has a driven armature disk 14 , which is arranged in the axial direction between stator magnets 16 , 18 . The armature disk 14 is coaxial with the steering knuckle 10 , which is pivotably articulated on an axle body 22 by means of a steering knuckle pin 20 . A wheel hub 24 is rotatably mounted on the steering knuckle 10 via tapered roller bearings 26 . The stator magnets 16 , 18 of the disk motor 4 are rotatably attached to the wheel hub 24 . The armature disk 14 of the disk rotor motor 4 is fastened on an axis 28 and a shaft 30 which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a transmission input 38 of the transmission 6 , which is preferably a so-called harmonic drive transmission 6 .

Ein solches Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe 6 beinhaltet einen radial äußeren, starren zylindrischen Ring 34 mit Innenverzahnung (Circular Spline), eine mittlere, radial elastisch zylindrische Büchse 42 mit Außenverzahnung 36 und eine radial innere, elliptische Stahlscheibe 38 mit zentrischer Nabe und aufgezogenem, elliptisch verformbaren Dünnringkugellager (Wave Generator). Durch Drehung des Wave Generators 38 ist der Flex Spline 36, 42 verformbar, dessen Außenverzah­ nung 36 mit der Innenverzahnung des Circular Spline 34 kämmt. Hierdurch ver­ lagert sich die große Ellipsenachse des Flex Spline 36, 42 und damit der Zahn­ eingriffsbereich mit dem Circular Spline 34. Da der Flex Spline 36, 42 beispiels­ weise zwei Zähne weniger besitzt als der Circular Spline 34 vollzieht sich nach einer halben Umdrehung des Wave Generators 38 eine Relativbewegung zwi­ schen Flex Spline 36, 42 und Circular Spline 34 um eine Zahnteilung. Solche Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe 6 sind prinzipiell bekannt, beispielsweise aus dem Prospekt "Harmonic Drive, Getriebeeinbausätze, Baureihe HDUC" der Fa. Har­ monic Drive, 65536 Limburg, Deutschland, deshalb soll auf deren Funktionswei­ se hier nicht weiter eingegangen werden.Such a harmonic drive gear 6 includes a radially outer, rigid cylindrical ring 34 with internal toothing (circular spline), a central, radially elastic cylindrical bushing 42 with external toothing 36 and a radially inner, elliptical steel disk 38 with a central hub and a raised, elliptical deformable thin ring ball bearing (wave generator). By rotating the wave generator 38 , the flex spline 36 , 42 is deformable, the external toothing 36 meshes with the internal toothing of the circular spline 34 . As a result, the large ellipse axis of the Flex Spline 36 , 42 and thus the tooth engagement area with the Circular Spline 34 are displaced. Since the flex spline 36 , 42 has, for example, two teeth less than the circular spline 34 , after half a revolution of the wave generator 38, there is a relative movement between the flex spline 36 , 42 and circular spline 34 by one tooth pitch. Such harmonic drive gears 6 are known in principle, for example from the brochure "Harmonic Drive, gear installation kits, HDUC series" from Har monic Drive, 65536 Limburg, Germany, so their functionality will not be discussed here.

Um die Drehbewegung der Ankerscheibe 14 des Scheibenläufermotors 4 auf den Wave Generator 38 des Harmonic-Drive-Getriebes 6 zu übertragen, ragt die Welle 30 der Ankerscheibe 14 in die Nabe des Wave Generators 38 hinein und ist mit dieser vorzugsweise durch Schrumpfsitz drehfest verbunden. Der Flex Spline 36, 42 des Harmonic-Drive-Getriebes 6 sieht aus wie ein Becher 42. Der Becher 42 ist bodenseitig an einem Außenring 46 des Freilaufs 8 gehalten, der durch zwei Kugellager 44 mit einem Innenring 48 des Freilaufs 8 in Verbindung steht, welcher auf dem Achsschenkel 10 festgelegt ist. Bei dem Freilauf handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen Klemmkörperfreilauf 8, der im Ausgangszustand den Außenring 46 mit dem Innenring 48 kraftschlüssig drehfest verbindet, so dass sich der Flex Spline 36, 42 am ruhenden Achsschenkel 10 abstützen kann. In order to transmit the rotary movement of the armature disk 14 of the disk rotor motor 4 to the wave generator 38 of the harmonic drive transmission 6 , the shaft 30 of the armature disk 14 projects into the hub of the wave generator 38 and is preferably connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner by a shrink fit. The flex spline 36 , 42 of the harmonic drive gear 6 looks like a cup 42 . The cup 42 is held on the bottom on an outer ring 46 of the freewheel 8 , which is connected by two ball bearings 44 to an inner ring 48 of the freewheel 8 , which is fixed on the steering knuckle 10 . The freewheel is preferably a sprag freewheel 8 , which in the initial state connects the outer ring 46 to the inner ring 48 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the flex spline 36 , 42 can be supported on the stationary steering knuckle 10 .

Die Ankerscheibe 14 des Scheibenläufermotors 4 ist über ein Rillenkugella­ ger in dem Deckel 56 drehbar gelagert, der mit der Radnabe 24 verbunden ist und den Elektroantrieb 2 des Vorderrades axial verschließt. Dieser Deckel 56 trägt außerdem an seiner Innenseite die Statormagnete 18 des Scheibenläufer­ motors 4. Der radial äußere Circular Spline 34 des Harmonic-Drive-Getrie­ bes 6 ist mit der Radnabe 24 verschraubt.The armature disk 14 of the disk motor 4 is rotatably supported by a grooved ball ger in the cover 56 , which is connected to the wheel hub 24 and axially closes the electric drive 2 of the front wheel. This cover 56 also carries on its inside the stator magnets 18 of the disc motor 4 . The radially outer circular spline 34 of the harmonic drive gear 6 is screwed to the wheel hub 24 .

Wie aus der Zeichnung hervorgeht, ist somit der Elektroantrieb 2 des Vorderra­ des im wesentlichen vollständig in die Radnabe 24 integriert, wodurch sich eine sehr platzsparende Anordnung ergibt. Am radial äußeren Umfang der Radna­ be 24 ist außerdem eine Felge 58 des Vorderrades befestigt.As can be seen from the drawing, the electric drive 2 of the front wheel is essentially completely integrated into the wheel hub 24 , which results in a very space-saving arrangement. On the radially outer periphery of the Radna be 24 a rim 58 of the front wheel is also attached.

Die Stromversorgung (+ und - Pol) und Ansteuerung des DC-Scheibenläufer­ motors erfolgt durch ein jeweils elektrisches Kabel 60 mit Kohlebürste (nur ein­ mal gezeichnet), welche in einer axialen Durchgangsbohrung 62 des Achsschen­ kels 10 untergebracht und von welcher ein gegenüberliegender, axialer Kollek­ tor 64, der auf der Stirnseite der Welle 30 angeordnet ist und die jeweiligen Sek­ toren der Ankerscheibe 14 des Scheibenläufermotors 4 mit Strom versorgt.The power supply (+ and - pole) and control of the DC disc rotor motor is carried out by an electrical cable 60 with carbon brush (drawn only once), which is accommodated in an axial through bore 62 of the Achs leg 10 and of which an opposite, axial collector gate 64 , which is arranged on the end face of the shaft 30 and the respective sec gates of the armature plate 14 of the disc rotor motor 4 is supplied with current.

Die beiden Elektroantriebe 2 der Vorderachsräder dienen als Hilfsantrieb zum Fahren bei erschwerten Bedingungen, beispielsweise wenn der Reibwert der Fahrbahnoberfläche durch Schnee und Eis stark herabgesetzt ist oder im Gelän­ de. Hierzu ist entweder eine manuelle Zuschaltung der Elektroantriebe 2 durch den Fahrer oder eine automatische Zuschaltung vorgesehen, wenn ein entspre­ chendes Schlupfverhalten der Vorderräder vorhanden ist.The two electric drives 2 of the front axle wheels serve as an auxiliary drive for driving in difficult conditions, for example when the coefficient of friction of the road surface is greatly reduced by snow and ice or in the terrain. For this purpose, either a manual activation of the electric drives 2 by the driver or an automatic activation is provided if there is a corresponding slip behavior of the front wheels.

Ein Betrieb der Elektroantriebe 2 der Vorderachse 1 ist nur für Geschwindigkei­ ten des Nutzfahrzeuges vorgesehen, die kleiner als eine Grenzgeschwindigkeit sind, welche vorzugsweise einer Kriechfahrt entspricht und ca. 5-10 Stunden­ kilometer beträgt. Bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten dieser Grenzgeschwindigkeit löst der Klemmkörperfreilauf 8 den Kraftschluss zwischen seinem mit der Flex Spline 36, 42 verbundene Außenring 46 und seinem auf dem Achsschenkel 10 sitzenden Innenring 48, wodurch sich der Flex Spline 36, 42 nicht mehr am ru­ henden Achsschenkel 10 abstützen kann. Infolgedessen wird die durch das Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe 6 hergestellte Zugkraftverbindung zwischen der Wel­ le 30 des Scheibenläufermotors 4 und der Radnabe 24 getrennt, woraufhin diese zusammen mit der Felge 58 frei läuft. Nach Überschreiten der Grenzgeschwin­ digkeit ist vorgesehen, dass der elektrische Hilfsantrieb 2 der Vorderachse ma­ nuell durch den Fahrer oder auch automatisch abgeschaltet wird.Operation of the electric drives 2 of the front axle 1 is only provided for speeds of the commercial vehicle which are lower than a limit speed, which preferably corresponds to a creep run and is approximately 5-10 hours kilometer. When this limit speed is reached or exceeded, the sprag freewheel 8 releases the frictional connection between its outer ring 46 connected to the flex spline 36 , 42 and its inner ring 48 seated on the steering knuckle 10 , as a result of which the flex spline 36 , 42 is no longer supported on the steering knuckle 10 can. As a result, the traction connection produced by the harmonic drive transmission 6 between the shaft 30 of the disk motor 4 and the wheel hub 24 is separated, whereupon this runs freely together with the rim 58 . After exceeding the limit speed, it is provided that the electric auxiliary drive 2 of the front axle is switched off manually by the driver or also automatically.

Bei dem bevorzugt verwendeten Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe 6 handelt es sich um ein hoch übersetzendes Getriebe mit einem Übersetzungsverhältnis beispiels­ weise von i = 100, so dass sich bei einer Eingangsdrehzahl des DC-Schei­ benläufermotors 4 von 2500 Umdrehungen pro Minute eine Drehzahl eines Vor­ derrades von 25 Umdrehungen pro Minute ergibt, was einer Fahrgeschwindigkeit des Nutzfahrzeuges von etwa 5 km/h entspricht. Das maximale Drehmoment des Scheibenläufermotors 4 beträgt beispielsweise 40 Nm, seine maximale Leistung etwa 10 bis 13 kW, wobei sich durch die hohe Getriebeübersetzung ein Aus­ gangsdrehmoment von 4000-5000 Nm je Vorderrad ergibt.The preferably used harmonic drive gear 6 is a high-ratio gear with a gear ratio example of i = 100, so that at an input speed of the DC disc rotor motor 4 of 2500 revolutions per minute, a speed of a front wheel of 25 revolutions per minute, which corresponds to a driving speed of the commercial vehicle of about 5 km / h. The maximum torque of the disc motor 4 is, for example, 40 Nm, its maximum power is about 10 to 13 kW, with the high gear ratio resulting in an output torque of 4000-5000 Nm per front wheel.

Der beschriebene elektrische Hilfsantrieb 2 ist nicht auf die Räder der Vorder­ achse beschränkt, vielmehr kann er bei jeder von der Brennkraftmaschine nicht angetriebenen Achse verwendet werden. Bei dem Elektromotor 4 kann es sich auch um einen Wechselstrommotor handeln, der für seinen Betrieb die entspre­ chende Stromversorgung benötigt. Die elektrische Energie kann durch einen von der Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Generator erzeugt werden, beispielswei­ se durch einen Schwungradgenerator des Systems ISAD, alternativ könnte auch eine entsprechende Batterie verwendet werden oder eine Kombination von Ge­ nerator und Batterie.The described electrical auxiliary drive 2 is not limited to the wheels of the front axle, rather it can be used with any axle not driven by the internal combustion engine. The electric motor 4 can also be an AC motor that requires the corresponding power supply for its operation. The electrical energy can be generated by a generator driven by the internal combustion engine, for example by a flywheel generator of the ISAD system, alternatively a corresponding battery could also be used or a combination of a generator and a battery.

Claims (7)

1. Geländetaugliches Nutzfahrzeug, insbesondere Lastkraftwagen mit Dieselmo­ tor und mit mindestens zwei Achsen, wobei mindestens ein Achsantrieb durch den Dieselmotor erfolgt und die mindestens eine weitere Achse nicht durch den Dieselmotor angetrieben ist und diese Achse zwei Außenseiten aufweist, die je Seite eine Radnabe zur Aufnahme je mindestens eines Rades hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Achse (1) jeder Radnabe einen integrierten, elektri­ schen Antrieb (2) aufweist, der manuell per Schalter im Fahrerhaus oder auto­ matisch durch Signale aus einem Fahrzeugrechner als Anfahrhilfe bis zu einer Grenzgeschwindigkeit von ca. 10 km/h zuschaltbar ist und die Antriebsverbin­ dung zwischen den Rädern und der Achse (1) bei Überschreiten der Grenzge­ schwindigkeit vorzugsweise durch einen Freilauf (8) getrennt wird.1. Off-road commercial vehicle, in particular trucks with diesel engine and with at least two axles, at least one axle drive being carried out by the diesel engine and the at least one further axle not being driven by the diesel engine, and this axle having two outer sides, one wheel hub for receiving each side Has at least one wheel each, characterized in that the axle ( 1 ) of each wheel hub has an integrated electrical drive ( 2 ) that can be operated manually using a switch in the driver's cab or automatically using signals from a vehicle computer as a starting aid up to a limit speed of approx 10 km / h can be switched on and the drive connection between the wheels and the axle ( 1 ) is preferably separated by a freewheel ( 8 ) when the limit speed is exceeded. 2. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromotor als schmalbauender DC-Scheibenläufermotor (4) ausgebildet ist.2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor is designed as a narrow DC disc motor ( 4 ). 3. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Scheibenläu­ fermotor (4) ein hochübersetzendes Getriebe (6) zwischengeordnet ist, welches eingangsseitig mit der Welle (30) des Scheibenläufermotors und ausgangssei­ tig mit der Radnabe (24) verbunden ist.3. Vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the disc motor ( 4 ) is interposed with a high-ratio gear ( 6 ) which is connected on the input side to the shaft ( 30 ) of the disc motor and on the output side to the wheel hub ( 24 ). 4. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Getriebe vor­ zugsweise ein Harmonic-Drive-Getriebe (6) ist, mit einem radial äußeren, star­ ren zylindrischen Ring (34) mit Innenverzahnung (Circular Spline), einer mitti­ gen, radial elastischen zylindrischen Büchse (42) mit Außenverzahnung (36) (Flex Spline) und mit einer radial inneren, elliptischen Stahlscheibe (38) mit zentrischer Nabe und aufgezogenem, elliptisch verformbaren Dünnringkugella­ ger (Wave Generator), wobei durch Antrieb des Wave Generators (38) der Flex Spline (36, 42) verformbar ist, dessen Außenverzahnung mit der Innenverzah­ nung des Circular Spline (34) kämmt. 4. Vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the gear is preferably a harmonic drive gear ( 6 ), with a radially outer, rigid ren cylindrical ring ( 34 ) with internal teeth (circular spline), a mitti gene, radial Elastic cylindrical sleeve ( 42 ) with external toothing ( 36 ) (Flex Spline) and with a radially inner, elliptical steel disc ( 38 ) with a central hub and a stretched, elliptically deformable thin ring ball (ger) (wave generator), whereby by driving the wave generator ( 38 ) the flex spline ( 36 , 42 ) is deformable, the external toothing meshes with the internal toothing of the circular spline ( 34 ). 5. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wave Genera­ tor (38) vom Scheibenläufermotor (4) angetrieben und der Circular Spline (34) als Antriebselement mit der radial inneren Umfangsfläche der Radnabe (24) in Verbindung steht, wobei der Flex Spline (36, 42) über den Freilauf (8) am Achsschenkel (10) abgestützt ist.5. Vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the wave generator ( 38 ) driven by the disc motor ( 4 ) and the circular spline ( 34 ) as a drive element with the radially inner circumferential surface of the wheel hub ( 24 ) is connected, the flex Spline ( 36 , 42 ) is supported via the freewheel ( 8 ) on the steering knuckle ( 10 ). 6. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Freilauf als Klemmkörperfreilauf (8) derart ausgebildet ist, dass der Flex Spline (36, 42) am Achsschenkel (10) lediglich bis zur Grenzgeschwindigkeit abgestützt ist, bei Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten gleich oder größer als die Grenzgeschwindigkeit aber freiläuft.6. Vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that the freewheel is designed as a sprag freewheel ( 8 ) such that the flex spline ( 36 , 42 ) is supported on the steering knuckle ( 10 ) only up to the limit speed, at vehicle speeds equal to or greater than that Limit speed but free running. 7. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Stromversorgung (+ und - Pol) zur Ansteuerung des Scheibenläufermotors aus jeweils einem Kabel (60) mit Kohlenbürste besteht und mit einem axialen Kol­ lektor (64) des Scheibenläufermotors (4) in elektrisch leitendem Kontakt steht.7. Vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the electrical power supply (+ and - pole) for controlling the disc motor consists of a cable ( 60 ) with a carbon brush and an axial Kol lector ( 64 ) of the disc motor ( 4 ) in electrical conductive contact.
DE10044955A 2000-09-12 2000-09-12 Rough terrain capable goods vehicle, has integral electrical auxiliary drive for one axle activated manually or automatically as start-off aid up to threshold speed of 10 kph Withdrawn DE10044955A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE10359130A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-07-21 Volkswagen Ag Wheel suspension arrangement for vehicle with electric drive at each wheel, comprising suspension arms designed as compound units
DE102006022692A1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Volkswagen Ag Device and method for activating and / or deactivating functions of a vehicle

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10359130A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-07-21 Volkswagen Ag Wheel suspension arrangement for vehicle with electric drive at each wheel, comprising suspension arms designed as compound units
DE102006022692A1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Volkswagen Ag Device and method for activating and / or deactivating functions of a vehicle
DE102006022692B4 (en) * 2006-05-16 2008-07-10 Volkswagen Ag Device and method for activating and deactivating functions of a vehicle
US9174538B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2015-11-03 Volkswagen Ag Device and method for activating and/or deactivating functions of a vehicle

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