DE10027189A1 - Rotary machine for a rotary tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotary machine has a machine frame (10) on which is arranged a spindle (14) for holding a workpiece (20). A tool carrier (30) for receiving a tool (38) is arranged on the machine frame. There is also provide a work space (48) where the workpiece can be processed or treated using the tool by means of relative rotary motion between the tool carrier and the spindle in the x-axis and z-axis directions. An arm (44) is mounted on the machine frame, which is moveable between a rest position outside the work space, and a work position in the work space. The arm has a recess (42) for a function unit (40) which works in cooperation with the workpiece processing.

Description

The invention relates to a lathe, comprising a Machine frame, one arranged on the machine frame Work spindle for holding a workpiece, one on Machine frame arranged tool holder for receiving a tool, and a work space, in which means machining of the workpiece by a Relative movement between the tool carrier and the work spindle in the direction of an X axis and a Z axis is feasible.

In such lathes, in which the tool holder is often designed as a revolver and a revolver head has to accommodate the tools, edits of the Workpiece with rotating tools that are of high quality need power and / or when editing the Work with large counterforces on their recordings, not feasible because the tool carriers for such high Drive power and also for the inclusion of large counter forces are not suitable.

Such machining of the workpiece are, for example Polygon turning or thread milling or similar milling edits.  

The invention is therefore based on the object, a rotation machine of the generic type to improve such that Machining with rotating driven tools despite Maintaining a simple machine concept are possible.

This task is the beginning of a lathe described type according to the invention solved in that a by means of a drive drivable tool holder for a rotating driven tool at an end portion of a Arms is arranged and by a movement of the arm of a rest position outside the work area in at least one working position in the work area can be brought and that the tool holder in the work position can be brought into operative connection with the tool carrier is and thus for machining the workpiece by means of the rotating driven tool through the tool carrier relative to the work spindle in the direction of at least one of the Axes can be positioned.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in that on the one hand the recording for the rotatingly driven Tool is mounted on the arm separately from the tool carrier and the necessary processing in the work area is feasible, but on the other hand no additional Axes controllable by a machine control are required are because the positioning of the tool holder in the Working position by the machine control anyway controlled axes of the tool holder.  

This means that the simple machine concept is on the one hand hold which of two are controlled by the machine controller th axes, but on the other hand machining the Workpiece with a rotating driven tool high drive power and / or large on the tool absorbing forces possible, since the arm itself is able to part of the processing of the work pieces by means of the rotating driven tool standing opposing forces and not the whole Opposing forces only act on the tool carrier.

However, an execution is particularly constructive form, in which the tool holder in the working position through the tool carrier relative to the work spindle in Rich X-axis and Z-axis can be positioned.

To the largest possible extent on the tool holder to be able to absorb opposing forces via the arm preferably provided that the arm in the working position the tool holder relative to the machine frame only inso is widely movable that he the movements of the tool holder follow relative to the machine frame in the direction of the axes can.

This limitation of the mobility of the arm opens the Possibility of fixing the arm elsewhere already a significant portion of which is rotating driven tool acting on the tool holder To absorb opposing forces when machining the workpiece.  

Forces can be particularly cheap by means of the arm in the Take up the working position when the arm is in the Working position of the tool holder with its longitudinal direction transverse to a trajectory of an axis of rotation of the rotating driven tool when it is delivered in Extends direction of the workpiece.

To control conditions as favorable and precise as possible Position of the rotating driven tool at the loading It is preferable to obtain work on the workpiece before seen that an axis of rotation of the rotatingly driven Tool when moving it transversely to the spindle axis close to and through the spindle axis plane parallel to the X-axis of the tool carrier is. As a result, the geometry is chosen so that none too large geometry error when translating the movement of the Tool carrier in the direction of the X axis on the movement of the Tool holder occur in the direction of the workpiece.

It is also preferably provided that in the work position of the tool holder the axis of rotation of the rotating driven tool parallel to the spindle axis is aligned, for example, for thread milling or Polygonal turning suitable geometrical relationships to it pass.

Since the active compound in the solution according to the invention between the tool carrier and the tool holder for the rotating driven tool only for the position kidneys of the same should exist in the working position, however  not at rest to regardless of the tool recording machining of the workpiece in the tool to be able to carry out tools that have been received by the wearer preferably provided that the tool holder of the Rest position movable into a machining starting position is in which the operative connection with the tool carrier for Positioning the same can be produced.

This ensures in a simple manner that the effect connection between the tool carrier and the tool recording can be defined, but also after Completion of the processing and before moving the work Test record in the rest position in a simple manner is.

For example, the active connection can be simplified Give up way that the tool holder according to Be Completion of the machining of the workpiece in your machining starting position is retracted and then from this in the rest position passes.

The machining starting position is preferably this way chosen that in this a contact between the rotating driven tool and the workpiece does not yet exist, d. H. no loading in the processing starting position Work of the workpiece can be done so that the transfer the tool holder from the rest position into the loading starting position with simple means can, without considering the work to be processed piece must be taken.  

The only constraint when transferring the tool admission from the rest position into the processing exit position is that a collision with the tool carrier avoided before reaching the machining starting position becomes.

To the active connection between the tool holder and the To be able to produce tool carriers in a simple manner preferably provided that the tool holder with a Driver is provided, on which existing action connection with the tool holder on the tool holder arranged driving element acts.

By means of such a driver and such a Mit the active element can be particularly favorable produce.

The driver element is preferably in a tool position of the tool holder used interchangeably.

It is particularly useful if the take-away element in the machining starting position on the driver Plant is feasible, d. H. thus the active connection only in the processing starting position by creating the entrainment elements can be produced on the carrier.

The solution according to the invention can be particularly advantageous constructively when the driver on the arm in the Area of the tool holder for the rotating driven Tool is arranged.  

The operative connection can expediently be established in this way place the tool carrier on the driver with a Driving element acts, which is transverse to the X direction has running surface as a contact surface.

This is effective in the X direction in a simple manner Active connection between the driving element and the driver producible, namely in that the driving element with of its driving surface in the X direction to the driver is moved and from when the driver is loaded the driving area in the X direction is able to work tool holder for the rotating driven tool position.

For example, it would be within the scope of the invention Possible solution, the relative movement between the tool carrier and the work spindle in the Z direction by movement to realize the work spindle, so in this case the tool carrier with a Z axis would not be required to provide and therefore not necessary, the tool Holder for the rotating driven tool using the Position the tool holder in the Z direction.

Alternatively, it would also be conceivable to use the work spindle to move in the X direction and thus only one position Nierability of the tool holder in the direction of the Z axis watch.  

In this case, the invention provides that the work Tool carrier on the driver with a driving element acts, which is a transverse to the Z-direction entrainment has surface as a contact surface, so that when touching the Exact position due to the driving surface nation of the tool holder for the rotating driven Tool in the Z direction is possible.

Embodiments of the rotary according to the invention are preferred machine in which the relative movement in the X direction and in the Z direction by moving the tool carrier relative to Machine frame and to the work spindle. In this In this case, the tool carrier acts on the driver a driving element, which is both a transverse to X direction as well as one transverse to the Z direction has running surface, so that in both Rich exact positioning of the tool holder for the rotating driven tool through the tool carrier is possible.

In order to establish an operative connection between the plant tool holder and the tool holder for the rotating driven tool by means of the driver and the entrainment elements, especially in every working position Positioning of the rotating driven tool received, it is preferably provided that a machining movement of the rotating driven tool along the respective axis in such a direction that one rotating while machining the workpiece driven tool acting counterforce a force has component which the driver in the direction  acted on at least one driving surface, so that already the counterforce when machining the workpiece for this ensures that the driver is always at the respective take surface remains in active connection and thus through position Nation of the driving surface on the part of the tool holder an exact positioning of the tool holder for the rotating driven tool takes place.

In connection with the explanation of the previous Aus leadership examples were not discussed in more detail how the movement of the arm to move the tool holder for the rotating driven tool in the rest position and from the rest position. That's how one looks particularly advantageous solution that the arm with at least an actuator in the rest position and from the Rest position can be moved out.

This actuator can differ be trained in the simplest way.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that the Be actuating device comprises at least one actuating device, the one defining the machining starting position position, so that by moving to the end position of the Actuating device already the processing starting position for the tool holder for the rotating driven tool is achievable.

To now proceed from this final machining position To be able to move to a single working position is preferred provided that the actuating device for carrying out the  the machining starting position outgoing machining Movement away from the end position, so that by the end position no restriction of movement for the Machining movement arises.

Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the Stell device for performing the machining movement over the end position can be moved out. In this case is before preferably the end position by a force-applied on Impact element set, so that there is still the possibility there is the position to carry out the machining movement set up by moving the power stop moving elements beyond the end position, for example in that the tool holder on the tool holder works.

The actuators can also be used still advantageous to use that the arm in the Working position with at least one actuator is so pressurized that the driver on the ever because of the driving surface of the driving element in the system remains, d. that is, the actuator is not just for that is used, the movement of the arm in the rest position and to carry out from the rest position, but to can also be used regardless of whether Counteracting forces act on the rotating driven tool or not, the driver always in contact with the respective To keep driving surface and thus independent of on opposing forces the tool holder for the rotating driven tool in all work to be started positions exactly.  

It is particularly favorable if the actuation always a machining movement of the tool holder counteracts.

It is expediently provided that the actuation always direction everyone in the machining starting position beginning machining movements of the tool carrier counteracts moving arms.

With regard to the arrangement of the drive motor for the No rotating tools have so far been used Information provided. This is a particularly advantageous look example before that the drive motor for the rotating driven tool arranged on the arm and thus with the Movements of the arm is also movable.

It is particularly favorable if the drive motor is on Arm is arranged so that it is in all positions of the arm is arranged outside the work area to the minimum To block space in the work area itself.

With regard to the arrangement and storage of the arm were up to no specific information given for a long time. So it would be in the frame of the exemplary embodiments described so far, the Arrange arm on a linear motion unit, all of them However, it is outside the work area and the work area is closed never affected.

A kinematically and constructively particularly advantageous solution provides that the arm with one of the tool holder for the  rotatingly driven tool facing area in one Swivel bearing pivoted relative to the machine frame is.

The pivot bearing is preferably at a distance of one passing through the spindle axis and to the X axis arranged parallel plane of the tool carrier, so that the arm in every working position of the tool holder for the rotating tool across this plane stretches and is thus advantageously able to Machining of the workpiece from the rotating driven To absorb tool outgoing opposing forces.

The pivot bearing is expediently designed such that that a pivot axis of the same parallel to the spindle axis runs.

In order to advantageously move the arm in To ensure the Z direction, it is preferably provided that the arm in the pivot bearing ver in the direction of the pivot axis is slidably mounted and thus the swivel bearing also Linear displacement in the axial direction allows the arm to necessary flexibility to carry out the machining to lend movements.

A particularly favorable solution provides that the arm has a pivot shaft passing through the pivot bearing, with which the desired movements of the arm relative to the Swivel bearings can be realized in a simple manner.  

A structurally particularly favorable solution for as much as possible little space required when swiveling the tool in and out Holder for the rotating driven tool in the Working space provides that the pivot shaft on one of the End of the tool holder facing away from the drive motor for the rotatably driven tool carries.

In connection with the previous explanation of Reali The pivoting mounting of the arm was not specified on the arrangement of the actuator relative to this received.

In principle, it would be conceivable for the actuating device to be arranged independently of the pivot bearing.

A particularly favorable solution, however, provides that the at least one actuator on the pivot shaft of the arm acts and thus also saves space relative to Tool holder can be arranged.

Other features and advantages of the invention are the subject the following description and the graphic Dar position of an embodiment of an inventive Lathe. The drawing shows:

Figure 1 is a view of a lathe according to the invention in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 2.

FIG. 2 shows a section along line 2-2 in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section along line 3-3 in Fig. 2;

Figure 4 is a section through an arm and a swivel bearing for this in the plane 4-4 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 shows a section along line 5-5 in Fig. 4.

An embodiment of a lathe according to the invention, shown in Fig. 1, comprises a machine frame designated as a whole by 10, on which a headstock designated as a whole is arranged, in which a work spindle 14 is rotatably mounted about a spindle axis 16 .

The work spindle 14 is provided with a chuck 18 , in which a workpiece 20 to be machined can be clamped, so that the workpiece 20 can be rotated about the spindle axis 16 .

The lathe further comprises another carriage bed 22, on which a controlled parallel to the spindle axis 16 in the direction of a Z-axis movable Z-carriage 24 is held and on this Z-carriage 24 arranged X-slide 26, which in the direction of an X- Axis perpendicular to the spindle axis 16 can be moved in a controlled manner, so that the Z-slide 24 and the X-slide 26 as a whole form a cross slide designated as a whole with 28, which can be moved in the direction of the X / Z axes.

On the cross slide 28 is a whole with 30 designated tool holder, which is designed, for example, as a turret and has a turret 32 which can be switched to a turret axis 34 , which preferably runs parallel to the spindle axis 16 , in different switching positions.

The turret 32 has various tool shots 36 , in which tools 38 can be used for machining the workpiece 20 .

In order to be able to carry out machining of the workpiece 20 with a rotatingly driven tool 40 in the lathe according to the invention, which requires a tool holder suitable for high forces with, in particular, also high drive power, such as, for. B. thread milling cutter or cutter heads for polygon turning, such a tool holder 42 , as shown in Fig. 1 to 3, is arranged on an arm 44 which is rotatable about a pivot axis 46 , which preferably runs parallel to the spindle axis 16 and at a distance from one Level E is arranged, which extends through the spindle axis 16 and extends parallel to the X-axis of the tool carrier 30 .

With this arm 44 , which can be pivoted about the pivot axis 46 , the receptacle 42 can be positioned on the one hand outside of a working space 48 in the region of the clamping chuck 18 and extending away from it, in a rest position R in which, as shown in FIG. 2, the arm 42 extends from the swivel axis 46 in the direction of a side of the swivel axis 46 opposite the plane E and can be moved into the work space 48 by a swivel movement S, specifically into a machining starting position B shown in FIG. 2, in which the rotatingly driven tool 40 is definitely excluded Engagement with the workpiece 20 , and starting from the machining starting position B in a in Fig. 3 Darge presented working position A, in which the rotationally driven tool 40 is arranged so that it can be brought into engagement with the workpiece 20 or in engagement stands.

Preferably, an arm body 51 of the arm 44 extends in the working position A with its longitudinal axis 50 away from the pivot axis 46 such that this longitudinal axis 50 in the working position A extends transversely to the plane E, approximately perpendicular to it, and also a rotation axis 52 of the work Stuff 40 is close to the plane E and also runs parallel to the spindle axis 16 .

The arm 44 is in the working position A, which relates to all possible positions of the arm 44 starting from the machining starting position B, in which machining of the workpiece 20 is possible, in the direction transverse to the spindle axis 16 towards the workpiece and in the direction parallel to the spindle axis 16 , preferably movable in the direction of the chuck 18 , in which case the tool 40 is positioned in the machining starting position B on a side of the workpiece facing away from the chuck 18 and at a distance therefrom.

The movement of the tool 40 in the direction parallel to the spindle axis 16 represents a movement along a linear axis, which will be discussed in more detail below, while the movement of the axis of rotation 52 in the direction transverse to the spindle axis 16, upon closer inspection, a movement of this axis of rotation 52 on a cylinder surface Z corresponds to the pivot axis 46 , which, however, only deviates slightly from the plane E in all working positions.

In order to allow the arm 44 to be moved in this way, the arm 44 , as shown in FIG. 4, comprises a pivot shaft 60 which extends coaxially to the pivot axis 46 and is mounted in a housing 62 which is preferably mounted on the headstock 12 an upper side 64 thereof remote from the machine frame 10 is arranged.

The housing 62 supports the pivot shaft 60 with two in the direction of the pivot axis 46 spaced rotary linear guides 66 and 68 , through which the pivot shaft 60 both in the axial direction to the pivot axis 44 relative to the housing 62 and relative to the pivot axis 46 is rotatable to the housing 62 .

Furthermore, the pivot shaft 60 carries at its arm body 51 opposite end 70 a motor 72 which is on an arm body 51 opposite side of the housing 62 and together with the pivot shaft 60 about the pivot axis 46 rotatable and along the same.

The motor 72 drives a drive shaft 74 which is rotatably mounted in the pivot shaft 60 and extends through it, which preferably runs coaxially to the pivot axis 46 and extends beyond a front end 76 of the pivot shaft 60 into the arm body 51 and one arranged in the arm body 51 Drive wheel 78 carries, with which, for example via a toothed belt 80, a drive wheel 82 can be driven, which drives a tool drive shaft 84 , with which the rotatingly driven tool 40 is fixedly connected.

The tool drive shaft 84 is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation 52 and in the direction of the axis of rotation 52 by two spaced, preferably both sides of the drive wheel 82 seated pivot bearings 86 and 88 in which the receptacle 42 forming end portion 90 of the arm 44 is mounted.

The arm body 51 is preferably formed by two assembled housing parts 92 and 94 , which on the one hand support the tool drive shaft 84 and on the other hand accommodate the toothed belt 80 and the drive wheel 78 and are also connected to the front end 76 of the pivot shaft 60 .

Axis for displacing the pivot shaft 60 in the direction of the pivot 46 is disposed in the housing 62, an axially aligned with the pivot shaft 60, displacement cylinder 100 having a cylinder housing 102 which extends around the pivot shaft 60 around, and extending also around the pivot shaft 60 around cylinder chamber 104 includes, in which a piston 106 extending radially to the pivot shaft 60 is displaceable in the axial direction to the pivot axis 46 .

The cylinder housing 102 forms two stop positions for the piston 106 , the piston 106 in a front stop position, in which the arm body 51 has the greatest possible distance from the chuck 18 , the arm 44 with respect to the movement in the direction parallel to the Z axis the rotatingly driven tool 40 positioned in the machining starting position B, while a rear stop position of the piston 106 corresponds to the position of the rotatingly driven tool 40 in which it is positioned closest to the chuck 18 .

In addition to the displaceability of the swivel shaft 60 in the axial direction to the swivel axis 46 , a swivel drive designated as a whole as 110 is provided, as shown in FIG. 5, which comprises an actuating cylinder 112 extending transversely to the swivel axis 46 and having a cylinder housing 114 which in turn includes a cylinder chamber 116 , in which an actuating piston 118 can be displaced in the direction of a longitudinal axis 120 of the cylinder housing 114 .

The actuating piston 118 is provided with a toothing 122 extending transversely to the longitudinal axis 120 and parallel to the pivot axis 46 , which meshes with a first intermediate gear 124 which is rotatable about an axis 126 running to the pivot axis 46 and is fixed to one second, but having a larger diameter intermediate tooth wheel 128 is connected, which engages in a circumferential external toothing 130 of the pivot shaft 60 .

A linear movement of the actuating piston 118 can thus, as shown in FIG. 5, produce a pivoting movement of the pivot shaft 60 via the intermediate gearwheels 124 and 126 .

The external toothing 130 has such an extent that the piston 106 of the displacement cylinder 100 can be moved between its two stop positions without the intermediate gear 128 and the external toothing 130 coming out of a grip.

The movement of the adjusting piston 118 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 120 of the cylinder housing 114 is now limited by two stop bodies 132 and 134 , wherein when the adjusting piston 118 is in contact with the stop body 132, the receptacle 42 with the rotatingly driven tool 40 is in the starting position in the machining position while when the actuating piston 118 bears against the stop body 134, the receptacle 42 with the rotatingly driven tool 40 is in the rest position R.

Since, starting from the machining starting position B, a further pivoting of the arm 44 in the direction of the spindle axis 16 must be possible in order to bring the rotatingly driven tool into its working position A, a further pivoting movement of the arm 44 in the same direction is required, in which the pivoting movement from the rest position R into the machining starting position B has taken place.

For this reason, the stop bodies 132 and 134 are not fixed stops, but are designed as pistons, which are arranged on both sides of the cylinder chamber 116 adjoining cylinder chambers 136 and 138 in the cylinder housing 114 and with their sides facing away from the cylinder chamber 116 each pressure chambers 140 and Limit 142 , which are also acted upon with hydraulic medium, for example hydraulic medium of constant pressure.

Preferably, the piston surfaces of the stop bodies 132 and 134 formed as pistons are larger than piston surfaces of the actuating piston 118 , so that the hydraulic medium provided for displacing the actuating piston 118 can also be fed into the pressure chambers 140 and 142 and these are always acted upon by the constant pressure .

The result of this is that the stop bodies 130 and 132 always have the tendency to contact the stop shoulders 144 and 146 provided in the cylinder housing 114 , which thus define the stop position of the stop bodies 132 and 134 for the actuating piston 118 .

This stop position is only overrun by the actuating piston 118 when the actuating piston 118 acts against one of the impact bodies 132 and 134 and acts with an even greater force than the force available to it by acting on its piston surface against the stop bodies 132 and 134 and thus these shifts the volume of the pressure chambers 140 and 142 .

Thus, when the machining starting position B is reached on the part of the arm 44 and the rotatingly driven tool 40 , the arm 44 with the receptacle 42 can be pivoted further in the direction of the spindle axis 16 , namely in that the starting position for defining the machining first Stopper body 132 adjacent actuating piston 118 lifts the stopper body 132 from the stop shoulder 144 and moves away from it while reducing the pressure chamber 140 .

In the previous explanation of the solution according to the invention, it was only explained how the machining output position B of the receptacle 42 and the rotatingly driven tool 40 can be reached by means of the swivel drive 110 and the displacement cylinder 100 .

According to the invention, there is now a transition of the receptacle 42 with the rotatingly driven tool 40 from the machining position B into the working position A in that the position of the rotatingly driven tool 40 in the working position is predetermined by the tool carrier 30 .

For this purpose, the turret 32 , as shown in FIGS . 2 and 3, is provided with a driving element 150 which, as shown in FIG. 1, is detachably inserted into a tool holder 36 , for example the tool holder 36 b on the turret 32 .

This entrainment element 150 has a first entrainment surface 152 facing the receptacle 42 , which extends transversely to the X direction, preferably perpendicular to the latter, and a second entrainment surface 154 , which extends transversely to the Z direction, preferably perpendicular to the latter.

Expediently, the driving surface 154 faces the clamping chuck 18 , but it can also be designed so that it faces away.

The two driving surfaces 152 and 154 are arranged so that they intersect and form an overall driving angular surface 156 .

This driving angular surface 156 can now be applied to a driver 160 , which is arranged in the area of the receptacle 42 on the arm 44 and in turn has a first driving surface 162 running transversely to the X axis, which is preferably convex, and also a second driving surface 164 which is transverse to the Z axis, preferably perpendicular to it.

The two driving surfaces 162 and 164 can now be brought into contact with the corresponding driving surfaces 152 and 154 , with the tool carrier 30 with the turret 32 and the drive element 150 bringing the driving element 150 toward the driver 160 to the first driving surface when the arm 44 is in the starting position B for machining 152 and to create the second driving surface 154 on the first driving surface 162 and the second driving surface 164 .

Starting from this machining starting position B, the position of the receptacle 42 , and thus of the rotatingly driven tool 40 , can be predetermined by a machine control 170 defining the positions of the tool carrier 30 relative to the workpiece 20 and thus the rotatingly driven tool 40 can be relative to the workpiece Position 20 exactly and bring it into all desired working positions relative to workpiece 20 .

When moving to each individual working position A starting from the machining starting position B, on the one hand, the arm 44 is shifted in the direction of the chuck 18 and thus also the pivoting shaft 60 is shifted in such a way that the piston 106 of the shifting cylinder 100 moves away from the front stop position .

If the cylinder chamber 104 is still pressurized with hydraulic medium under pressure, the displacement cylinder 100 acts against the movement provided by the tool carrier 30 and the driving element 150 and consequently keeps the first driving surface 162 of the driving 160 in contact with the second driving surface 154 of the Driving elements, the force with which the displacement cylinder 100 counteracts the movement of the driving element 150 must be lower than the force applied by the driving element 150 .

Similarly, movement of the rotating been exaggerated tool 40 takes place in the direction of the spindle axis 16 by the fact that - as already mentioned - the setting piston 118 acting against the stop element 132 and thus the stopper body 132 is moved away from its stop shoulder 144 in the cylinder housing 114 so that the stop body 132 counteracts the movement of the rotatingly driven tool 40 in the direction transverse to the spindle axis 16 .

Thereby, the first cam surface 162 is the mating surface at the first with 152 of the carrier element held in abutment 150, whereby to achieve the drive member 150 to the respective working position A, must operate with a greater force on the carrier 160 when the force with which the driver 160 is acted upon by the stop body 132 in the direction of the driver element 150 .

Thus, the displacement cylinder 100 and the swivel drive 110 in each working position A, which can be approached from the machining starting position B by means of the driving element 150 moved by the tool carrier 30 , achieve an exact positioning of the rotatingly driven tool 40 relative to the workpiece 20 .

In addition, in the solution according to the invention, the position of the machining starting position B is selected such that the counter forces acting on the rotatingly driven tool 40 when the workpiece 20 is machined in the working positions A by the rotatingly driven tool 40 have force components K1 and K2, which also have the driving surfaces Hold 162 and 164 in contact with the driving surfaces 152 and 154 of the driving element 150 .

Furthermore, to drive the rotatingly driven tool 40, the machine control 170 drives the motor 72 , which drives the tool drive shaft 84 via the drive shaft 74 , the drive wheels 78 and 82 and the toothed belt 80 at the desired speed and the high power that may be available.

In order to be able to perform polygon turning on the workpiece 20 , for example, the machine control 170 rigidly correlates the rotary movement of the motor 72 with that of the work spindle 14 to form an electronic gear, so that the desired speed ratios are always present between the tool drive shaft 84 and the work spindle 14 For example, for the thread milling, speed ratios of 1: 1 are to be provided, for the polygon turning usually speed ratios of 1: 2, with any other speed ratio also being adjustable by the machine control 170 .

After completion of the machining of the workpiece 20 , the workpiece carrier is moved in the X direction as far away from the spindle axis 16 that the receptacle 42 and the rotatingly driven tool 40 are as far away from the workpiece 20 as necessary to put the stop body 132 back on the stop shoulders 144 and thus to restore the stop position of the piston 118 , which corresponds to the machining starting position B.

There is now the possibility of depressurizing the cylinder chamber 104 of the adjusting cylinder 100 and leaving the piston 106 in the position in which it is after the machining of the workpiece 20 has ended and only by actuating the swivel drive 110 with the receptacle 42 to pivot the rotatingly driven tool 40 into the rest position R and, when the rest position is reached, to apply the cylinder chamber 104 again and to move the piston 106 into its front stop position.

On the other hand, there is also the possibility of maintaining the pressure on the cylinder chamber 104 , so that in addition to the movement of the tool carrier 30 in the X direction from the workpiece 20 , a method of the tool carrier 30 in the Z direction in the direction of the machining starting position H also has taken place and only in the machining starting position B there is again a loosening of the active connection between the driver 160 and the driving element 150 and then after loosening this active connection by actuating the pivot drive 110, a pivoting of the rotatingly driven tool 40 and the receptacle 42 from the machining starting position B in the rest position R takes place.

Claims (29)

1. Rotary machine comprising a machine frame (10), means disposed on the machine frame (10) the work spindle (14) for receiving a workpiece (20), a machine frame (10) arranged tool carrier (30) for on takeover of a tool (38), and a work space ( 48 ) in which the workpiece ( 20 ) can be processed by means of the tool ( 38 ) by means of a relative movement between the tool carrier ( 30 ) and the work spindle ( 14 ) in the direction of an X axis and a Z axis characterized in that a tool receptacle ( 42 ) for a rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) which can be driven by a drive ( 72 ) is arranged on an end region of an arm ( 44 ) and by movement of the arm ( 44 ) from an outside of the working space ( 48 ) lying rest position (R) in at least one working position ( 48 ) lying working position (A) can be brought, and that the tool holder ( 42 ) in the working position (A) mi t the tool carrier ( 30 ) can be brought into operative connection and thus for machining the workpiece ( 20 ) by means of the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) through the tool carrier ( 30 ) relative to the work spindle ( 14 ) in the direction of at least one of the axes (X, Z ) can be positioned. 2. Lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) in the working position (A) of the tool holder ( 42 ) relative to the machine frame ( 10 ) is only movable to the extent that it is relative to the movements of the tool holder ( 30 ) can follow the machine frame ( 10 ) in the direction of the axes (X, Z). 3. Lathe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) in the working position (A) of the tool holder ( 42 ) with its longitudinal direction ( 50 ) transverse to a movement path of an axis of rotation ( 52 ) of the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) extends in the direction of the workpiece ( 20 ). 4. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the working position (A) of the tool holder ( 42 ) has an axis of rotation ( 52 ) of the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) at a movement of the same transversely to the spindle axis ( 16 ) near one by the spindle axis ( 16 ) extending through and parallel to the X axis of the tool carrier ( 30 ) plane (E) is movable. 5. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the working position (A) of the tool holder ( 42 ), the axis of rotation ( 52 ) of the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) is aligned parallel to the spindle axis ( 16 ). 6. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool holder ( 42 ) from the rest position (R) in a machining starting position (B) is movable, in which the operative connection with the tool carrier ( 30 ) can be established. 7. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool receptacle (42) is provided with a tang (160) on which at existing operative connection with the tool carrier (30) a driving element (150) on the tool carrier (30) acts . 8. Lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that the driving element ( 150 ) in the machining starting position (B) on the driver ( 160 ) can be brought into contact. 9. Lathe according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the driver ( 160 ) on the arm ( 44 ) in the region of the tool holder ( 42 ) for the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) is arranged. 10. Lathe according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the tool carrier ( 30 ) acts on the taker ( 160 ) with a driving element ( 150 ) which has a transverse to the X-direction driving surface ( 152 ) as a contact surface having. 11. Lathe according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the tool carrier ( 30 ) acts on the taker ( 160 ) with a driving element ( 150 ) which has a transverse to the Z-direction driving surface ( 154 ) as a contact surface having. 12. Lathe according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a machining movement of the rotationally driven tool ( 40 ) along the respective axes (X, Z) takes place in such a direction that one during machining of the workpiece ( 20 ) on the Rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) acting counterforce has a force component (K1, K2) which acts on the driver ( 160 ) in the direction of at least one driving surface ( 152 , 154 ). 13. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) with at least one actuating device ( 100 , 110 ) in the rest position (R) and from the rest position (R) can be moved out. 14. Lathe according to Claim 13, characterized in that the actuating means (100, 110) at least one actuating means (100, 110) having a machining starting position (B) defining end position. 15. Lathe according to claim 14, characterized in that the adjusting device ( 100 ) for performing the machining movement can be moved away from the end position. 16. Lathe according to claim 15, characterized in that the actuating device ( 110 ) for carrying out the machining movement beyond the end position is movable bar. 17. Lathe according to claim 16, characterized in that the end position is determined by a force-acting impact element ( 132 ). 18. Lathe according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) with at least one actuating device ( 100 , 110 ) in the working position (A) can be acted upon so that the driver ( 160 ) on the respective driving surface ( 152 , 154 ) of the taking element ( 150 ) remains in the system. 19. Lathe according to claim 18, characterized in that the actuating device ( 100 , 110 ) always counteracts a machining movement of the tool carrier ( 30 ). 20. Rotary movement according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the actuating device ( 100 , 110 ) always counteracts all machining movements of the tool carrier ( 30 ) moving arm ( 44 ) starting in the machining starting position (B). 21. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive motor ( 72 ) for the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ) is arranged on the arm ( 44 ). 22. Lathe according to claim 21, characterized in that the drive motor ( 72 ) is arranged on the arm ( 44 ) so that it is arranged in all positions of the arm ( 44 ) outside the working space ( 48 ). 23. Lathe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) is pivotally mounted with a region facing away from the tool holder ( 42 ) in a pivot bearing ( 66 , 68 ) relative to the machine frame ( 10 ). 24. Lathe according to claim 23, characterized in that the pivot bearing ( 66 , 68 ) is arranged at a distance from a through the spindle axis ( 16 ) and the X-axis of the tool carrier ( 30 ) parallel plane (E). 25. Lathe according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that a pivot axis ( 46 ) of the pivot bearing ( 66 , 68 ) runs parallel to the spindle axis ( 16 ). 26. Lathe according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) in the pivot bearing ( 66 , 68 ) in the direction of the pivot axis ( 46 ) is slidably mounted. 27. Lathe according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that the arm ( 44 ) has a pivot shaft ( 60 ) passing through the pivot bearing ( 66 , 68 ). 28. Lathe according to claim 27, characterized in that the pivot shaft ( 60 ) on one of the tool holder ( 42 ) facing away from the end ( 70 ) carries the drive motor ( 72 ) for the rotatingly driven tool ( 40 ). 29. Lathe according to one of claims 13 to 28, characterized in that the at least one actuating device ( 100 , 110 ) acts on the pivot shaft ( 60 ) of the arm ( 44 ).