DE10020962C2 - Branch terminal for low-voltage power cables - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cable branch terminal comprising a master cable to connect the conductors of the trunk cable to the conductors of a branch cable the preamble of claim 1.

In electrical engineering cable systems that are operated with low voltage, it is necessary to install branch sleeves, e.g. B. Individual electrical systems Connect consumers to a main or trunk cable that is close to the Consumer is relocated or has already been. In the branch sleeves, several in particular four conductors of the branch cable via branch terminals with the appropriate conductors of the master cable connected. These are the insulation and Protective layers of the cables (conductor insulation, gusset filling and cable sheath) partially removed and after clamping through the insulation of the sleeve restore. Single terminals and so-called Compact branch terminals used.

The functions "Electrical insulation", "Sealing against water" and "Mechanical protect "are mainly realized by casting with casting resin the connection point - the so-called splice - is covered with a cast resin shell. about An opening of this bowl arranged in the upper area becomes the previously mixed components of the casting resin - epoxy resin or polyurethane resin - filled.

In highly developed industrial countries, the compact branch terminal has prevailed over the single branch terminal. Such z. T. successfully used compact branch terminals are known from DE-OS 22 51 214, DE-OS 25 03 413, DE 32 21 458 C1 and DE 43 12 713 C2. With these solutions it is particularly advantageous

• - That the insulation layers of the wires of the trunk cable do not have to be removed. she are penetrated by the clamping pieces when tensioning the clamping ring, which is why have a cutting and / or tooth-shaped surface,
• - that the wires of the trunk cable only have to be pulled out a little,
• - That the branch sleeve can be installed with voltage applied and thus no consumers have to be switched off.

The contact pieces of the above known compact branch terminals are approximately circular the trunk cable arranged. They have parallel to the cutting surface and the axis of the Trunk cable a hole in which the stripped end of the respective wire of the Branch cable inserted and clamped with a screw arranged perpendicular to it can be. If the clamping ring is made of metal, it is perpendicular to the cable axis Breakthroughs with insulated wall, through which the screws for clamping the wire of the Branch cable can be inserted and screwed. Is the clamping ring out? Plastic, the breakthroughs are also required, only the insulation is omitted their wall.

The clamping points for the branch cable are offset by about 90 ° Master cable arranged. Since the branch cable is parallel to the trunk cable, the result of the position of the clamping points that two wires of the branch cable around the trunk cable led to the opposite side and must also be clamped from this side.

The cranked cores result in a large diameter of the clamping point (distance from the Trunk cable) and the resulting large demand for cast resin. Besides, it is difficult when the fitter in the cable trench single wires under the trunk cable must clamp.  

The openings for the clamping screws of the branch cable form in the two U- shaped yoke pieces of the clamping ring a mechanical weak point.

DE 196 15 951 C1 describes a clamping device in which the The branch conductor can be connected from the easily accessible side. This However, an advantage was given up by abandoning the tried and tested design of the branch terminal arranged with two-part clamping ring and in the interior of the clamping ring Contact pieces "bought". This clamping device is in pairs Screw connection of 2 main conductors and 2 branch conductors each. The one required contact pieces are realized by bridges on both sides of one Through screw arranged and are easily screwed from one side of the accessible top moves towards each other.

All contact pieces are in a perpendicular to the main and branch conductor educated level.

The object of the invention is to maintain the proven structure of the Branch clamp with two-part clamping ring or clamping housing and inserted in the clamping ring or clamping housing Contact pieces to design the junction clamp so that what is to be wrapped Volume is minimized and the clamping points from one direction ("from above") can be clamped.

In addition, breakthroughs are said to increase mechanical stability Clamping ring or clamping housing can be avoided, which also results in less expensive production would have.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the main claim, the subclaims show further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

According to the concept of the invention, the new branch terminal consists of two U- shaped housing parts, the upper and lower zygomatic arch, to form the Terminal housing or clamping ring. Those that meet each other  Leg ends of the zygomatic arches are designed so that they are connected to each other and can be braced.

For a 4-core trunk cable, four are equipped with teeth and / or tooth cutting Contact pieces, the tooth fronts of which the cable sheath of the enclosed by the clamping ring or terminal housing Trunk cables are facing, arranged in the plane and within the clamping ring or the terminal housing. To these equipped with teeth and / or tooth cutting contact pieces for the connection clamps for the conductors of the master cable are connected in a row arrangement the connection of the conductors of the branch cable.

This series arrangement of contact pieces and sprags takes place in the direction of Cable route and leads to the fact that the clamp body for the connection of the branch cable are arranged outside the clamping ring or the terminal housing and thus a lower height of the Clamping ring or the terminal housing permitted.

Anchored to the upper zygomatic arch are two compact, one-piece doubles contact elements, consisting of a row arrangement of contact piece and clamping body, that directly in a straight line (parallel to the cable run) with each other are connected.

Anchored in the lower zygomatic arch are two more compact one-piece doubles contact elements, which also have contact pieces and clamps in series but with an angled course that leads away from the cable axis are arranged. there the mechanical and electrical connection of the two contact elements takes place by means of a intermediate conductor bridge. The conductor bridges that are used for immediate mechanical and electrical connection of the contact piece and clamp body are shaped so that the clamps located outside the clamp ring or the clamp housing past the master cable into the lateral area of the lower or upper zygomatic arch.

The clamping bodies each have a fastening element for fixing and contacting the branch conductor.  

After the described structure of the new branch terminal, all are located Contact pieces for establishing the electrical connection with the master cable inside the clamping ring or the terminal housing. In contrast, all clamps for connecting the Branch cable outside the clamping ring or the terminal housing and preferably in the area of the upper one Zygomatic arranged so that the clamping process for all clamping points of the Branch cable can be done from above without difficulty.

The clamping body itself can be on one side or on both sides of the Clamping ring or the terminal housing to be led out.

For the purpose of working under voltage and for increasing the insulating ability can at least the clamping body of the double contact elements with insulating material to be encased.

The assembly of the individual elements and the use of insulating materials can be done in previous done in the usual way. For example, the double contact elements with the Contact piece part pressed into insulating inserts or insulating shells, which in turn with be anchored to the inner wall of the two zygomatic arches.

For the electrical separation of the two adjacent contact pieces in an insulating shell and insulating bars serve for vertical spacing of the conductors of the trunk cable. The insulating sheathing of the assembled branch terminal can be done by inserting Cast resin.

A T outlet can also be implemented with the new branch terminal. To the sprags are arranged rotated upwards by 90 °. In this case it is possible to design the upper and lower double contact elements the same, whereby one clamp body is led out on the other side of the clamp ring or the clamp housing.

The main advantages of the new branch terminal are that all terminal points can be operated from one side, the upper, easily accessible side. While maintaining the proven basic structure of the branch terminal with two Partial clamping ring or terminal housing are none in the zygomatic arches when implementing the invention  Breakthroughs for receiving contact pieces and insulating inserts are required. As a result, the zygomatic arches of the clamping ring or the terminal housing can be subjected to no mechanical impairment and with significant manufacturing advantages from extruded aluminum or Plastic are made.

With the new branch terminal, branches can be realized in which one Position of the branch cable to the axis of the trunk cable both parallel (0 °) to vertical (90 °) is possible.

To further explain the invention, reference is made to the claims. Details, features and advantages of the invention also result from the following description of exemplary embodiments.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a general view of the new branch terminal without isolation of the clamp body,

Fig. 2 shows the front view of this branch terminal,

Fig. 3, the double contact elements of the upper zygomatic arch and

Fig. 4 shows the double contact elements of the lower zygomatic arch.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate the basic structure of the new branch terminal. The clamping ring or the clamp housing 1 comprises the upper zygomatic arch 1.1 and the lower zygomatic arch 1.2 , the zygomatic arches - apart from the end connection points - having no further openings or bores with the result of the weakening of the yoke cross section and thus the mechanical strength.

The zygomatic arches are made of extruded aluminum.

For clamping a 4-wire branch cable are four clamping points in the form of double contact elements 4 are present, see also FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.

Each double contact element 4 consists of a row arrangement of contact piece 2 and clamping body 3 .

The double contact elements are fastened with their contact piece part 2 with the interposition of insulating shells or insulating inserts 6.1 on the inside of the zygomatic arches 1.1 , 1.2 . For insulating spacing of the vertical barrier rib is 6.2 on the inside of the zygomatic arch 1.1, 1.2 sessile contact pieces 2 and to ensure the interference fit.

The arrangement of the contact pieces 2 , which are used for connecting the master cable, within the clamping ring or the terminal housing 1 can be clearly seen from FIG. 1 . As a result, the electrical contact is produced by tightening the clamping ring or the terminal housing 1 by means of the screw connections 7 via the penetration of the toothed strips of the contact pieces 2 into the conductor of the master cable. This clamping of the clamping ring and the terminal housing 1 by filing the master cable and the four double contact elements 4 can be reliably fixed so that the conductor can be inserted the branch cable in the located outside of the clamping ring and the terminal housing 1 sprag 3 and clamped.

The ends of the branch cables are fixed inside the clamp body 3 by means of grub screws with hexagon socket.

Fig. 3 shows the two double contact elements 4 compactly designed for the upper zygoma 1.1. These consist of the direct, mechanically and electrically coupled series of contact piece 2 , which is located within the clamping ring or the terminal housing 1 , and of the clamping body 3 , which is arranged outside the clamping ring or the terminal housing 1 .

Gegentand of FIG. 4, the two double contact elements 4 to be anchored to the inside of the lower zygoma 1.2. Here the row arrangement of contact piece 2 and clamping body 3 has been expanded by an intermediate contact bridge 5 . The special geometry of the contact bridge 5 makes it possible to guide the clamping body 3 past the trunk cable into an area that is easily accessible for assembly, to the side and possibly above the trunk cable.

LIST OF REFERENCES

1

Clamp ring or clamp housing

1.1

upper zygomatic arch

1.2

lower zygomatic arch

2

Master cable contact pieces

3

Branch cable clamp body

4

Double contact element

5

conductor bridge

6

Insulating shells, insulating inserts, insulating bars

6.1

insulation shell

6.2

insulating bars

7

Screw connections for connecting the two zygomatic arches of the clamping ring or the terminal housing

1

Claims (7)

1.Terminal clamp for low-voltage power cables to establish an electrical connection between the conductor of the trunk cable and the conductors of the branch cable with a surrounding of the trunk cable by means of a two-part clamping ring or a two-part terminal housing ( 1 ) and contact pieces ( 2 ), which are positioned in the upper and lower zygomatic arches so that their front sides, which are equipped with teeth and / or toothed cutters, point to the individual conductors of the master cable, as well as the necessary insulating means in the clamping ring or terminal housing ( 1 ) and for covering the terminal housing or the clamping ring , characterized by the following further structure of each of the contact pieces ( 2 ) distributed within and in the plane of the clamping ring or terminal housing ( 1 ) and arranged in the area of the zygomatic arches ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) for connection to the conductors of the master cable is arranged in a row with one Clamping body ( 3 ) for the Ansc hluß mechanically and electrically connected to a conductor of the branch cable, these row arrangements of contact pieces ( 2 ) and clamping bodies ( 3 ) are straight or angled in the direction of the cable run out of the zygomatic arches ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) and thus the clamping body ( 3 ) for connection of the branch cable are arranged laterally and / or above the trunk cable. 2. Branch terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that by the series arrangement of the contact piece ( 2 ) and clamping body ( 3 ) compact one-piece double contact elements ( 4 ) arise

• a) for anchoring on the inside of the upper zygomatic arch ( 1.1 ) consist of the direct end connection of the contact piece ( 2 ) and the clamping body ( 3 ), which extend in a linear extension away from the zygomatic arch ( 1.1 ) parallel to the main cable, with the clamping body ( 3 ) a fastening element is provided for fixing and contacting the branch conductors,
• b) when anchoring to the inside of the lower zygomatic arch ( 1.2 ) from the row arrangement of contact piece ( 2 ) and clamping body ( 3 ) with an angled, mechanically stable and electrically conductive conductor bridge ( 5 ) in between, the conductor bridge ( 5 ) from The master cable is deflected in such a way that access to the clamping body ( 3 ) is possible from the same side as the clamping body ( 3 ) of the upper zygomatic arch ( 1.1 ),
• c) have electrical insulation at least in the area of the conductor bridges ( 5 ) and clamping bodies ( 3 ).

3. Branch clamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that all clamping bodies ( 3 ) for connecting the branch cable on one side of the clamping ring or the terminal housing ( 1 ) are arranged or distributed on both sides of the clamping ring or the terminal housing. 4. Branch clamp according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that all clamping bodies ( 3 ) for the easily accessible connection of the branch cable outside the clamping ring or the terminal housing ( 1 ) are positioned in the region of the upper zygomatic arch ( 1.1 ). 5. Branch clamp according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the zygomatic arches ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) of the clamping ring or the terminal housing ( 1 ) have no openings outside the connection points. 6. Branch clamp according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the zygomatic arches ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) are made of extruded profile, preferably aluminum and insulating inserts ( 6 ) at least between the contact pieces ( 2 ) and the zygomatic arches ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) and between the two contact pieces ( 2 ) seated side by side on the inside of each zygomatic arch. 7. Branch terminal according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for the realization of a T-exit the clamping body part ( 3 ) of the double contact element ( 4 ) is arranged rotated by 90 ° upwards and the respective upper and lower double contact elements ( 4 ) are identical in design and alternately lead out of the clamping ring or terminal housing ( 1 ).