DD301588A7 - FLUORESCREEN WITH VERY HIGH ADSORPTIONALITY - Google Patents

Abstract

The fabric of the invention finds versatile use in military technology, for example, for the production of protective clothing that protects humans from the factors influencing weapons of mass destruction (warfare agents, light pulse), as a filter material and as a carrier material z. B. for the accumulation of pollutants from the air for the detection. It is an object of the invention to increase the adsorption capacity of fabrics which, in the form of protective clothing, ensure the protection of man from the influence of MVM. The object of the invention is to provide a new system of sheet with very high adsorptivity. According to the invention, the sheet with an air permeability of 800 to 5000 l / h at 196 Pa, optionally from a known carrier material and a filled foam sheet, which in turn made from a foam coagulation polymer foam and a silica gel small and / or medium pore size and activated carbon in a silica gel to activated carbon ratio of 1: 1 to 6: 1, wherein the silica gel activated carbon content is 50% to 300%, preferably 160 to 240%, based on the polymer system.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a sheet, which is characterized by a very high adsorption capacity to pollutants, in particular vapors and aerosols of chemical warfare agents and in connection with a desired water vapor adsorption has an additional Schutzffela against the flash of nuclear weapons detonations and a high flame retardancy.

Based on the high utility value of this fabric derived from a variety of uses in military technology, for example, for the production of protective clothing, which protects the mankind from the factors influencing weapons of mass destruction, as a filter material for Filterventilationsaniagen, respirators, respirators, as sealing material for cabins u.a. Also as a carrier material in the form of accumulators for enriching pollutants from the air and subsequent chemical, physical or physikochemlschar analysis in reconnaissance systems for chemical warfare agents.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Methods of making materials of filtering and adsorbing type are known per se. They are based primarily on impregnated fabrics in the form of fabrics, nonwovens, cured polymer foams, which are impregnated with chemosorbents, adsorbents, but lately almost exclusively with activated carbon. In part, the possibility of using carbonized and activated fibers, threads or fabrics of different origin is mentioned, which are produced by bokannten process. These materials adhere to some disadvantages in their application: impregnated materials with chemosorbents are unstable, so offer only short-term protection, storage for long periods is impossible, skin irritation to the wearer are unavoidable.

Adsorbent-impregnated nonwoven fabrics are stiff and brittle and therefore have poor wear properties. The binders used pore the pores of the adsorbents: u. Activated Carbon Impregnated polymer foam laminates are relatively thick. Due to the basically loose binding of the activated carbon particles, it quickly leads to Ausrieselerschelnungen during wear, and this leads as well as in the impregnated nonwovens to reduce the adsorption properties. Carbonylated and activated fabrics are of very low strength regardless of the starting material (PAN, viscose), so that use as protective clothing is currently impossible. The production of all these sorsorptionsfähigen fabrics is designed to obtain the adsorption properties of the adsorbents used. This is extremely difficult because binders and polymers enforce the pores and other technologies only achieve very loose adsorbent bonds (Ausrieseluny).

Object of the invention

It is an object of the invention to increase the adsorptive selectivity of fabrics which, in the form of protective clothing, ensure the protection of man from the factors influencing the effects of weapons of mass destruction and to expand their fields of use.

Explanation of the essence of the invention The technical problem which is solved by the invention The object of the invention is to provide a new System.sinss Flächengoblldes with very high adsorption capacity

create.

Features of the invention According to the invention, the sheet has an air permeability of 800 to 5000 l / h at 196Pa, as the case may be

a carrier material and a filled foam sheet, which in turn consist of one after one

Schaumkoagulationsverfahren produced polymer foam and a kieselgol small bic mittlorer pore size and Activated carbon In a ratio of 2: 1 to 5: 1, wherein the content of activated charcoal activated carbon content is 60 to 300%, preferably 160 to 240%

on the dry polymer system is.

As a carrier material are preferably woven, knitted or knitted fabrics on baris of cotton, polyamide, polyester or Replenisher alone or al mixed fiber used. The processing can furthermore take place in composite or laminate form in order to form the sheet according to the invention

to give additional properties.

The preferred layer thickness of the adsorption fiber image is 0.6 to 2.5 mm. The pore size of the silica gel is 2 to 12nm, that of the activated carbon «0.8 to 1.5nm with a pore volume of the silica gel of

0.4 to 0.9 cm ¹ g ~ 'and the activated carbon of about 0.8 cm ¹ g ~ \ the active, inner surface of the silica gel between 250 to 6S0m ^z ' ~ ~ and in activated carbon by 800m ² g " ¹ The particle size of the silica gels should preferably be = 100 pm, not more than 200 mm, and the activated carbon about 40 pm.

The material proposed according to the invention has completely new, in particular differentiated, properties previously used Adsorption properties, which are characterized by a modified water vapor adsorption as well as a high Adsorption capacity against chemical warfare agents also asked hygroscopic moisture saturation of the Adsorption. Even far beyond the hygroscopic Glefchgewichtafeuchte the adsorptive polymer layer

In addition, up to water contents of 100 to 800% to the dry mass of the polymer layer,! st still sufficient

Adsorption capacity for chemical warfare agents always available after sufficient air permeability. Further significant advantages over already known technical solutions, especially compared with only activated carbon

impregnated fabrics, is the relatively high perspiration resistance, which is a close fitting without significant

Influence on the adsorption properties zuläSt, and that due to the water absorption (eg., Humidity by close up Wear), which is undesirable in bekannton technical solutions, an additional protective effect against light impulse ur.d Flame effect occurs. These effects are in their entirety extremely surprising for a person skilled in the art, since it is known that silica gel as Warfare agent adsorbent, e.g. in protective gear, has no significance and does not possess the moisture adsorption ability

decisively worsens

The material according to the invention is easy to wash, after drying in a stream of air (heating for several hours or passing through

dry hot air, 373 to 403K [= 100 to 130X] fully einselbar, without verlie ren the Ausgangsseigenschafton, the with

Warfare agent on-loading fabrics Is easily regenerable, and surprisingly none occur Desorptionserschelnungen on. Seam holes required for the assembly are closed. AusfOhrungsbelsplel Determination of the breakthrough tent when flowing through the warfare agent-air mixture

Sample data Sample A

Mapse per area 400gm " ²

Thickness 1.1mm

Air permeability 1100 l / h at 196Pa Silica gel activated carbon go-stop 240% polymer dry mass Charcoal charcoal ratio 2: 1 Carrier material PAS knitted fabric

Sample B

Mass per area 430g m ^:

Thickness 1.2 mm

Air permeability 1350 l / h at 196 Pa Silica gel activated carbon content 240% to the polymer dry mass Pebble charcoal ratio 5: 1 Carrier material PAS guarente execution For measuring the adsorption properties or the retention capacity of the proposed according to the invention dor Materials with the o. G. Sample data was obtained by this one Soman-Air-Gomisch with a concentration of 0.05 mg Soman per Liters of air and a flow rate of 10cm per minute sucked. As a measure of the adsorption properties, the breakdown time was determined. The breakdown time was determined as the time

in which an amount of Soman had accumulated behind the tissue, which was the concentration time product,

Xc · t = 1 mg · min I ' ¹ corresponds. The test temperature was 299K.

Result

Sample strike time

A 450 min

B 380min

Claims (2)

1. A sheet with very high adsorptivity, characterized in that the sheet has an air permeability of 800 to 5000 l / h at 196Pa, optionally from a known carrier material and a filled foam sheet consisting of a foam produced by a foam polymer foam and a silica gel small and / or average pore size and activated carbon in silica gel to activated carbon ratio of 1: 1 to 6: 1, wherein the silica gel activated carbon content is 50 to 300%, preferably 160 to 240%, based on the polymer system consists. 2. A sheet according to item 1, characterized in that the pore size of the silica gel 2 to 12 nm, preferably 3 to 6 nm and that of the activated carbon is 0.8 to 1.5 nm.