DD292805A5 - METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INSTRUMENT AND TEMPORARILY SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION AGAINST A LARGE SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR FOR AUDIOVISUAL EVENTS IN AUDITORIES, PREFERABLY DUPLICATE ROOMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for a locally and temporally veraendliche signal distribution over a Groszbeschallungsanlage, especially for audiovisual events in auditoriums, preferably kuppelfoermigen rooms, such as planetariums. It is formed both in an arbitrarily as well as definitely selected speaker level for a radiator signal a veraenderlich dazzling landmark as a reference point. For all the radiator signals involved, respective delay times and level values are definitely set both in terms of time and level. Relative to the mobile positioning positions, a fictitious signal coming from there are firstly and only after that emitter signals correspondingly staggered in time, and set to a location corresponding to the level. The speakers are basically arranged in a gleichfoermigen grid on a Raumoberflaeche. Fig. 2 {Groszbeschallungsanlage; Planetariums; Speaker groups; grid; Emitter signal; Tracking point; Reference point; Verzoegerungszeiten; Level values; Joystick; Hoererort; Light Laser; Multimedia show's}

Description

For this 2 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to both a method and an arrangement for a spatially and temporally variable signal distribution over a large PA system, in particular for supporting audiovisual effects recordings within dome-shaped rooms, such as in music bowls, circuses and the like, preferably in planetariums.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

Large sound systems are currently being used in audiovisual events in open air auditoriums, exhibition halls, theaters, conference rooms, planetariums, circuses, etc. The need of a visitor of an audiovisual event is an expectation that a largely lifelike auditory experience can be presented to the visual part of the experience. Such claims require highly synchronized auditory and visual techniques that go well beyond known criteria of electro-acoustic transmission methods, such as stereo and quadraphonic methods, respectively. To optimally design and produce a synchronous lifelike transmission of passive events of both the auditory and the visual kind, this means that both auditive and visual events or effects must always be produced in the right proportion at the right time. This requires special tracking (joystick) and computer-controlled control systems. In particular, in a recording of audiovisual events or effects, for example in a so-called representation of a rocket launcher and a tracking missile flight within a dome-shaped space, both the acoustic and the visual simulated event should be in a realistic relationship to each other representable, d. This means that a respective auditory signal component can be congruently produced locally as well as simultaneously with the respective image component.

A Einspielen of auditory effect signals according to the "Pocketbook Acoustics", Part 2, VEB Verlag Technik Berlin, 1st edition, Berlin 1984, pp 1477.2., Section from above, be made possible by:

- Arrangement of several relatively powerful, diffuse emitting speaker groups in or around the audience area, which are assigned to certain audio channels or can be set in succession via a channel switching device. With circulating switching results in a so-called panoramic circuit.

A disadvantage here is that a click-free switching is possible only by suitable cross-fading. The location is discrete, d. h., That acoustically jumping signals can be effectively perceived from speaker to speaker.

- Arrangement of a plurality of small evenly distributed on the space boundary surfaces speakers that are interconnected in groups, form a more or less widely locatable area.

In the case of panoramic switching, an acoustic cross-fade can be realized by switching the individual loudspeakers one after the other until the entire group is realized, and then switching on another loudspeaker on switching off the loudspeaker connected first on the other side.

Again, the effect of jumping is unavoidable, in addition, sound color changes of the different mixing speaker units can be noticed.

- Arrangement of a coupled delay-damping circuit for direction switching, which allows the detection of individual speaker groups with simultaneous operation of all speaker groups of the system according to the law of the first wavefront, see also DD-PS 145985IH 04 R 3 / 12X

In this DD-PS sound signal sources or mixed by mixing Gruppan of audio signal sources are connected to the input of a delay chain whose multiple time-staggered outputs are connected via different damping or amplifying means, each with an input of a switching matrix. Loudspeakers are connected to switchable outputs of the switching matrix, with the attenuation and delay increasing with increasing distance from the loudspeaker to be located.

Through a plethora of connected speakers pointy switching cracks can not be perceived objectively. However, in this solution, the disadvantages arise that in each case a loudspeaker with O-time and maximum level is applied, while the other time and level staggered be turned on. Upon handoff, this remote configuration changes such that an adjacent radiator becomes the new reference radiator with O time and maximum level. As a result, jumps can not be avoided for this particular reference radiator unless complicated transition switching functions are performed for level switching.

According to DD-PS 242954, the detection of a "solo event" on a stage achieved in that either a correspondingly high sound level is assumed as a reference level at this migratory source or that "simulation spotlights" in the stage area an approximate direction assignment to the optical event on the stage allow. A more precise localization is not possible with this method and in the mentioned differentiated speaker arrangement and also not necessary. After J. Audio Eng. Soc, Vd.35, no. 3,1987 March "The Acoustics and Sound System for Hemispherical Film Projection", p. 119ff., 6 Practical Realization of the Sound System, p. 125, Fig. 9, a 8-track recorder is mounted in a planetarium synchronized with a computer for time code All the inputs and outputs of a mixer are VCA controlled and can be controlled by a computer.

According to item 3 of the aforementioned literature, p. 121, it is described that theoretically it would be possible to simulate directions of sound sources by feeding them through various loudspeakers with appropriate levels and delays after prior appropriate mixing.

However, such solutions are tailored to fixed film actions and thus allow the assignment of acoustic signals to optical image impressions. The speakers in the auditorium are included differently in level and delay. Unsolved with this arrangement remains a movement of acoustic signals, and it is also not disclosed how an entire spectral change is perceived subjectively, as was omitted in a practical execution in the Omniverse of The Hague on such a tracking. Based on the features outlined and in the event that a tracking would be realized, jumping of the sound sources would not be avoided with this method. According to US Pat. No. 3,935,593 (G 11 B 5/02), an automatic program device, preferably for a large PA system in a planetarium, up to a dome diameter of 34 m was described. It is an electronic switching system with specially chosen input and attenuation characteristics, together with a computer control which ensures a smooth transition of a sound signal in a level-sensitive manner and prevents a change in the overall level, regardless of a number of signal-receiving speakers, to another Level is required. Loudspeakers are arranged in concentric rings on a planetarium dome. An exact number and arrangement of loudspeakers is determined by the size and inclination of a dome. Each of these speakers

consists of a three-way system (bass, middle position and treble). In addition, there is a separate subwoofer speaker system to fill in the low frequency range. In summary, the above-mentioned electronic switching system is a computer-controlled control system which automatically adjusts the level of the sound system and additionally realizes coordinated control and control of sound, projectors and lighting. This system is preferably suitable for presentations in dome-shaped rooms, in particular for auditory and visual effects, so that e.g. an acoustic effect of a rocket ignition (spacecraft) of all speakers simultaneously, but also this acoustic effect can be swiveled to audiovisual track the missile on and quasi by a planetarium dome can. By this means, an audiovisual effect can be largely produced at the moment so that an acoustic appearance (sound) can be in the same proportion to the position of a visual appearance (image). However, there is the following disadvantage in a non-consistent use of delay technology, so that when connecting a sound speaker potential mislocalizations are unavoidable. In addition, a suitable switching system, for the suppression of cracking phenomena in moving sound sources, not provided.

Object of the invention

According to the invention, a method and an arrangement for a spatially and temporally variable signal distribution over a large PA system, especially for audiovisual events in auditoriums, preferably dome-shaped rooms, are to be achieved so that audiovisual events are raised to a higher quality and thereby auditive and visual events or effects always at the right moment always come together in the right proportion produziert- br ^'r eproduziert and acoustic failure localization can be largely excluded.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a local and variable signal distribution over a large PA system so that radiator signals of a variety of speakers or groups of speakers via computer-controlled sound processing equipment, switching and control means can be supplied delayed in time and should be subject to differentiated level values that when applied the law of the first wavefront simulation of a reference point by means of phantom sound source and a replica of a fictitious locating point can be accurately made regardless of a number of connected speakers to produce desired sound levels, and that more targeted locating positions can be moved without skipping motion sequences and tone color changes at different mixing speaker units can be largely excluded.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a method and an arrangement for carrying out the method in that both in an arbitrarily and definitely selected speaker level for a radiator signal of the variable cross-fading locus, also called mobile locating position is formed as a reference point and that for all involved Emitter signals the respective delay times and level values are set both temporally and in terms of level definitely. Relative to the mobile locating position, a fictitious signal coming from there is first of all staggered by means of computer control and then only after that the radiator signals are staggered according to time and level-adjusted correspondingly supplied to a listener location. Depending on the location of the mobile locating point, if it lies between individual loudspeakers, at least three or more loudspeakers are used around this point in order to radiate correspondingly temporally and level-wise to the locating point-related first signals for phantom sound source formation.

The control and delay unit is for any time and level waveforms of the radiator signals, such as to form bell curves, undamped progressions and Echoeinschleifungen, controlled by a joystick or the like or automatically. In addition, the control and delay unit for a timely importing other media, such as light, laser, multimedia shows u. a. m. is controlled synchronously by means of time code control via the computer.

Joystick movements superimpose the required time and level values in on-line operation.

Instead of joystick movements acoustic sound impressions are automatically carried by preferably optical phenomena after a teach-in routine.

The inventive arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention is that the speakers are preferably arranged in a dome-shaped space in a uniform spacing and grid on the room surface, but basically independent of any specific geometric speaker arrangements either at average intervals of about 4 m or a speaker or a group of loudspeakers on each about 10 m ² space surface or

according to a relationship - Number of radiators> (2 D: 5) ² , where D is always the respective dome diameter, arranged

The speakers are arranged on the surface of the room both hexagonal and annular.

For controllable tracking for two and more signal sources using a controllable commutation matrix, two or more signal chains are connected in parallel next to each other.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. In the accompanying drawings show

1 shows a schematic representation of a level profile in the form of a bell curve by means of the method according to the invention; 2 shows a schematic representation of an inventive arrangement of the radiator or loudspeaker in a dome with the essential peripheral technical means in the form of a block diagram.

The following statements on the exemplary embodiment should preferably be limited to a dome-shaped space, as is typical for a planetarium, for example, since in such a spatial configuration the features essential to the invention can be applied in an almost idealized manner, both in terms of their advantages and in their function and effect features ,

The live signals stored on a pre-produced multi-channel tape are converted into η signals in a mixing console, not shown in the drawings, and fed to a computerized control and delay unit 24. Their outputs, in the example of Figure 2, A1 to A12 are VCA-controlled and are connected to inputs of radiators 1 to 12, hereinafter also referred to as speakers.

Based on the location of a respectively selected fictitious locating point, adjacent radiators of a radiator population lying in a dome inner surface 18 are assigned correspondingly attenuated and correspondingly delayed signal components by computer calculation. They then form together in this way a reference signal to be formed (phantom sound source). With a slight movement of a source to be located, newly calculated delay and level attenuation values provide for new phantom sound source formation. Only if the reference point is located exactly in the acoustic center of an existing on the dome inner surface 18 radiator, this is the source to be located, so that then a phantom sound source is unnecessary.

Basically, this provision of delay and level attenuation values is achieved by locating a sound signal to be located at the input of a control and delay unit 24 controlled by a computer 25 whose outputs A1 to A12 lead to a respective loudspeaker 1 to 12 in the inner surface of the dome 18 , Thus, instead of 12 loudspeaker positions, η requires η VCA-gated outputs of the control and delay unit 24 in addition to 12 loudspeaker positions. In addition to providing level and timely set signals for phantom sound source formation, the control and delay unit 24 also provides necessary levels and delay times for the others. further away from the reference point radiator, so that any Toncoulagen are malleable. Are e.g. all levels equal, it leads to a tracking loss; or in case of observance of the law of the first wavefront, the levels of a delayed radiator may not be more than 6 to 10 dB louder than the reference signal. An on-line computer computation always ensures that at all listener places below the dome 19, the sound here is first delayed from the reference point 20 and then the

Loudspeaker sound of the other radiator necessarily attenuated arrives, as for example hinted the Arrows 28 (increasing time delay) and 29 (increasing level damping) in Fig. 1 show. By means of the control and delay unit 24, arbitrary level curves can be mapped. In Fig. 1 it is shown that the radiator. 1

3 generate a landmark (reference OdB; Oms) at point 20. Are the output signals of all other emitters 4, etc.

strongly attenuated, the reference point at point 20 remains. However, the level attenuation will be appropriate

Precedence effect set, so according to the invention bell curves 21, conical curves, etc. adjustable, without causing a Location is lost. However, the higher the reference point distant radiators (e.g., radiators 17) are in level, the higher the level

a danger of leaving the scope of the law of the first wave front, then there is a mislocalization on this spotlight. This can be prevented automatically according to the invention. These refer to the location point 20 (X)

Of course, signal chain can also refer to another location point Y, wio he is shown for example in Fig. 2, also

be formed.

Fig. 2 shows a dome space with uniformly arranged on the dome inner surface radiators 1 to 12, the annular

but also hexagonal and can be arranged at an average distance of about 4m from each other. It is also conceivable one

Speaker or a group of loudspeakers to be arranged on each about 10 m ² dome space surface. This thought can

be designed as follows, assuming that a dome diameter of d = 23 m is present, this results in a

Dome space surface of 831 m ² , that is, it would have 83.1 or 83 or 84 pieces spotlights or speakers on before

be arranged above the dome space surface. As a result, one can at any dome diameters one

Emitter arrangement according to a relationship - Number of emitters a (2 D: 5) ² , where D is always the respective dome diameter

should be-make.

Referring to o. G. Example would also here according o. G. Relationship - Number of emitters

a (2 D: 5) ² = (2 x 23: 5) ² = 84.64 that is, about 85 pieces of spotlights or loudspeakers result.

Based on the point to be located X (20) is located there signal to be located at the input 22 of the control and Delay matrix 24. This 22X input signal will now be level and delay according to the Spatial configuration and the location of the adjacent radiator to the point X treated that the radiator 4,5,9 and 8 (at least

3 spotlights for phantom sound source formation) occur as a reference point. These spotlights have the shortest

Delay times and the lowest level attenuation. All other emitters are also fed signals, wherein

Depending on the location and distance to the point and the listener surface level and delay time in the control and

Delay unit 24 can be set automatically or by hand. If the signal X to be located moves on path 30 to the point X ', only the level and Time distribution of the reference point forming radiator, until then radiator 9 briefly forms the reference alone and then others Emitters, for example, 7,11,10 etc. are used for reference point formation. Thus, for the first time, even crack-free signals can be passed over the dome inner surface 18, since in the case of the Reference point formation always involved three emitters (if not the reference point is exactly in the center of a radiator), so

that at the slightest changes in the location of the reference point 20 also immediately level and time corrections in the

Reference point radiators are effective. In this process, of course, constantly change the level and time distributions of all other emitters. For someone else Location point Y with another signal whose signal acts at the input 23 of the control and delay unit 24. Hier

contribute the emitters 1, 2 and 5 to the reference point. Regardless of this and parallel to the signal processing of the

Input signal 22X, the level and time values for all emitters 1...

and delay unit 24.

From the control and delay matrix 24 control signals for the control of the commutation 26th

derived, with the other media, such as laser, light, multimedia shows are controllable. Thus, slide series are time-synchronized

be demonstrated; Laser shows can also be accompanied acoustically effectively. From this unit 26 but also vice versa control or code signals are available that adapt the acoustic signal to another already mentioned medium, eg. For example, the code signal of a starry sky projector can lead to the acoustic accompaniment explanation. By means of joystick unit 27, motion sequences can be manually tracked in on-line operation, but can also be preprogrammed in teach-in mode.

Claims (9)

1. A method of locally and temporally variable Sif / Nalvorteilung a large PA system, especially for audiovisual events in auditoriums, preferably in dome-shaped spaces in which radiating signals of a plurality of speakers or speaker groups via computer-controlled sound processing equipment, switching and control means are supplied delayed in time, and differentiated levels are subject by sound sources are at the entrance of a computerized control and delay unit whose outputs lead to powered speakers, characterized in that formed both in an arbitrarily and definitely selected speaker level for a radiator signal a variable cross-fading locating point (mobile locating position) as a reference point is that for all participating radiator signals, the respective delay times and level values both time and pegolmäßig definitely ge be set that, based on the mobile positioning position, a fictitious signal coming from there first and only then the emitter signals are staggered according to time and level set according to a listener location supplied. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, depending on the location of the mobile locating point between individual speakers of at least three or more speakers around the mobile locating point according temporally and level related to the mobile locating point initial signals to form a phantom sound source for the signals of the entire Signal chain are emitted. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the control and delay unit (24) for any time and level curves of the radiator signals, such as to form bell curves (21), undamped progressions and Echoeinschleifungen by means of a joystick ( 27) or the like or completely automatically controlled. 4. Method according to the claims; 11 to 3, characterized in that the control and delay unit (24) for a timely import of other media, such as light, laser, multimedia shows u.a.m. is controlled synchronously by means of time code control together via a computer. 5. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the required time and level values are provided in on-line operation by cross-fading by joystick movement. 6. Process according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that instead of joystick movements after a teach-in routine acoustic sound impressions are automatically carried by preferably optical phenomena. 7. Arrangement for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the speakers (1 to 12) are preferably arranged in a dome-shaped space (19) in a uniform spacing and grid on the space surface (18), but in principle irrespective of any specific geometric loudspeaker arrangements either at average intervals of about 4 m or a loudspeaker or a loudspeaker group on approximately 10 m ^{2 of} space surface or a relationship number of radiators> (2 D: 5) ² , where D is always the respective dome diameter is arranged. 8. Arrangement for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the space surface (18), the speakers (1 to 12) are arranged both hexagonal and annular. 9. Arrangement for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to characterized in that for controllable tracking for two and more Sigi lalque Ilen using a controllable commutation matrix or unit (26) two ur d more signal chains are connected in parallel side by side.