DD291734A5

DD291734A5 - ROWING SYSTEM FOR SCREWS

Info

Publication number: DD291734A5
Application number: DD33742090A
Authority: DD
Inventors: Uwe Simon; Kerstin Techen
Original assignee: Schiffswerft "Neptun",De
Priority date: 1990-01-31
Filing date: 1990-01-31
Publication date: 1991-07-11

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ruderanlage fuer Einschraubenschiffe, die aus einer Ruderduese mit Hilfsruder besteht, das mittig hinter der Ruderduese an nach achtern vorstehenden Tragarmen drehbar gelagert ist und vor seiner Drehachse einen nach oben orientierten Fuehrungszapfen aufweist, der in einer Geradfuehrung am Schiffsheck laeuft. Erfindungsgemaesz wird die Drehachse des Hilfsruders nahe der Hinterkante des Hilfsruders angeordnet. Waehrend die Geradfuehrung gewaehrleistet, dasz beim Schwenken der Ruderduese der Ruderwinkel des Hilfsruders zwangslaeufig groeszer wird als der der Ruderduese, ermoeglicht die achterliche Anlenkung des Hilfsruders eine hydrodynamisch guenstige Positionierung des Hilfsruders im aus der Ruderduese austretenden Wasserstrahl und damit eine weitere Verbesserung der Manoevrierfaehigkeit von Einschraubenschiffen mit derartigen Ruderanlagen. Fig. 2{Ruderanlage; Einschraubenschiffe; Ruderduese; Hilfsruder; Drehachse; Hinterkante; Fuehrungszapfen; Geradfuehrung; Schiffsheck; Verbesserung; Manoevrierfaehigkeit}The invention relates to a rudder system for Einschraubenschiffe, which consists of a Ruderduese with auxiliary rudder, which is rotatably mounted centrally behind the Ruderduese to aft projecting support arms and in front of its axis of rotation has an upwardly oriented Fuehrungszapfen, which runs in a Geradfuehrung on the ship's stern. According to the invention, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rudder is located near the rear edge of the auxiliary rudder. While the straight-line ensures that the rudder angle of the auxiliary rudder is inevitably larger than that of the rudder dowser when the rudder dowser is swung, the aft rudder of the auxiliary rudder enables a hydrodynamically favorable positioning of the auxiliary rudder in the water jet emerging from the rudder nozzle and thus a further improvement of the maneuverability of single-screw ships such rudders. Fig. 2 {steering gear; Einschraubenschiffe; Ruderduese; Auxiliary steering gear; Axis of rotation; Trailing edge; Fuehrungszapfen; linear guide; Ship's stern; Improvement; Maneuverability}

Description

~2- 291734 Autführungibeliplel Die Erfindung wird anhand eines AusfUhrungsbelspiels näher erläutert. Die zugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigenThe invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment. The accompanying drawings show

Fig. 1: side view of a rudder nozzle with auxiliary rudder in midships position (rudder nozzle, Qeradführung and support arms in the

Mlttechlffeebene geschnitten); Fig. 2: Draufsicht einer Ruderdüse mit Hilfsruder in Hartruderlage (Düeenoberselte mit Tragarm weggeschnitten).Mlttechlffeebene cut); Fig. 2: Top view of a rudder nozzle with auxiliary rudder in Hartruderlage (Düeenoberselte cut away with support arm).

Die Ruderanlage besteht aus Ruderdüse 1 und Hilfsruder 10; sie wird über den Ruderschaft 7 betätigt. Die Schwenkachse 2 der Ruderdüse 1 liegt in der Propellerkreisebene, so daß der Propeller auch beim Schwenken der Ruderdüse 1 freigängig bleibt. An der Düsenunterseite 4 ist ein Spurzapfen 8 anguordnet, der die Lagerung der Ruderdüse 1 an der Stevenhacke 9 sichert. Die beiden Hilfsruderzapfen 17 des Hilfsruder 10 werden so auf die Endscheiben des Hilfsruder 10 aufgesetzt, daß die damit festgelegte Drehachse 11 des Hilfsruder 10 möglichst nahe der Hinterkante 12 liegt. Die drehbewegliche Lagerung der Hilfsruderzapfen 17 erfolgt in Tragarmen 6, die strömungsgünstig profiliert und fest mit der Düsenoberseite 3 und Düsenunterseite 4 verbunden sind, Der Führungszapfen 16 Ist nahe der Vorderkante 13 des Hilfsruders 10 auf der oberen Endscheibe 14 angeordnet und trägt einen Gleitstein 16, der verschieblich und zur Vermeidung von Schwingungen mit möglichst geringem Spiel in der Qeradführung 18 läuft. Die auf der Mittschiffsebene 19 liegende Geradführung 18 ist über einen profiiiertenTräger am Schiffsheck 20 eingespannt. Die Düsenoberseite 3 ist für die In das Düsenprofil ragende Geradführung 18 freigeschnitten. Die Lage der Schwenkachse 2 der Ruderdüse 1, der Drehachse 11 des Hilfsruders 10 und des Führungszapfens 15 sind zur Erzielung günstiger strömungstechnischer Bedingungen so zueinander angeordnet, daß der Ruderwinkel β des Hilfsruders 10 bei Hartruderlage doppelt so groß wird wie der Ruderwinkel α der Rüderdüse 1. Die vorgeschlagene Lösung ermöglicht eine Erhöhung der Effektivität von Ruderdüsen mit Hilfsruder durch eine bei allen Ruderlagen günstige Position des Hilfsruders im aus der Ruderdüse austretenden Wasserstrahl. Darüber hinaus bleiben die Hilfsruderzapfen frei von Rudermomenten und ist eine sichere Funktion der Ruderanlage gewährleistet.The steering gear consists of rudder nozzle 1 and auxiliary rudder 10; it is operated over the rudder shaft 7. The pivot axis 2 of the rudder nozzle 1 is located in the propeller circuit plane, so that the propeller remains free even when pivoting the rudder nozzle 1. At the nozzle lower side 4 a Spurzapfen 8 is anguordnet that secures the storage of the rudder nozzle 1 at the stern hoist 9. The two auxiliary rudder pins 17 of the auxiliary rudder 10 are placed on the end plates of the auxiliary rudder 10 so that the axis of rotation 11 of the auxiliary rudder 10 fixed therewith is as close as possible to the trailing edge 12. The rotatable mounting of the auxiliary rudder pin 17 takes place in support arms 6, which are profiled aerodynamically and firmly connected to the nozzle top 3 and nozzle bottom 4. The guide pin 16 is disposed near the leading edge 13 of the auxiliary rudder 10 on the upper end plate 14 and carries a sliding block 16 which slidably and to avoid vibrations with the least possible play in the Qeradführung 18 runs. The straight guide 18 lying on the midship level 19 is clamped to the ship's stern 20 via a profiled carrier. The nozzle upper side 3 is cut free for the straight guide 18 projecting into the nozzle profile. The position of the pivot axis 2 of the rudder nozzle 1, the axis of rotation 11 of the auxiliary rudder 10 and the guide pin 15 are arranged to achieve favorable fluidic conditions to each other so that the rudder angle β of the auxiliary rudder 10 twice as large as the rudder angle α of the rudder nozzle 1 in Hartruderlage. The proposed solution allows an increase in the effectiveness of rudder nozzles with auxiliary rudder by a favorable in all rudder positions of the auxiliary rudder in exiting the rudder nozzle water jet. In addition, the auxiliary rudder pins remain free of rudder and ensures safe operation of the rudder system.

Claims

1. Rudder for Einschraubenschiffe, consisting of a rudder nozzle with an auxiliary rudder, in which the auxiliary rudder is rotatably mounted centrally behind the rudder nozzle to aft projecting, attached to the nozzle top and nozzle base support arms and lying in front of its axis of rotation an upwardly oriented guide pin which runs with the interposition of a sliding block in a lying on the midships plane guide on the ship's stern, so that when turning the rudder the rudder angle of the auxiliary rudder is necessarily greater than that of the rudder nozzle, characterized in that the axis of rotation (11) of the auxiliary rudder (10) close the trailing edge (12) of the auxiliary rudder (10) is arranged.

2. Steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that the rudder height of the Hmsruders (10) is smaller than the diameter of the nozzle outlet (5) of the rudder sleeve (1) and the guide pin (15) on the upper end plate (14) of the auxiliary rudder (10 ) is arranged.

For this 2 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to the construction of ships and relates to the design of rudder systems for single screw, which consist of a rudder nozzle with auxiliary rudder.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

A rudder nozzle with downstream auxiliary rudder, which is rotatable and inevitably occupies a larger rudder angle when pivoting the rudder nozzle than the rudder nozzle, generates larger control forces than rudder nozzles with rigidly mounted and effective as a stabilizer rudder surface. Such a rudder system for helicopters is known from the DR-PS 657 370. It consists of a ring-shaped rudder body, which is followed by a Balancemitteller, which is rotatably mounted on aft projecting arms. Through a chain drive, which is led from the rudder shaft of the balance center rudder crosswise to the ship's stern. It is ensured that when turning the annular rudder body the Balances rudder rotates faster than the annular rudder body. However, this solution has the disadvantage that the necessary chain transmission is constantly exposed to the surrounding water and can be blocked by foreign bodies. The shaft of the auxiliary rudder also has to transmit the rudder moments acting on the auxiliary rudder. In DE-PS1013984 a Gelenkruder is described as a cheaper solution in which the largely balanced auxiliary rudder is articulated directly to the trailing edge of the rudder nozzle. At the over the nozzle top engaging balance surface of the auxiliary rudder an upwardly oriented guide pin is arranged, which runs with the interposition of a sliding block in a lying on the midships plane guide on the ship's stern. The disadvantage is that the position of the auxiliary rudder surface with respect to the propeller and nozzle outlet varies only to a limited extent and thus can not be sufficiently optimized with regard to their position in the jet of water emerging from the rudder nozzle. The shaft of the auxiliary rudder also has to take proportional rudder moments.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of rudder nozzles with rotating auxiliary rudder to ei and thereby further improve the maneuverability of single-screw ships with such rudder systems.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a rudder nozzle with auxiliary rudder, which ensures a hydrodynamically favorable position of the auxiliary rudder in exiting from the rudder nozzle jet of water, the shaft of the auxiliary rudder of rudder moments free and is reliable in all rudder conditions.

This object is for rudder nozzles with an auxiliary rudder in which the auxiliary rudder is rotatably mounted centrally behind the rudder nozzle to aft projecting, attached to the Düsenober- and nozzle base support arms and lying in front of its axis of rotation an upwardly oriented guide pin having the interposition a sliding block in a lying on the midships plane guide -.n ship's stern runs, according to the invention solved in that the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rudder is disposed near the trailing edge of the auxiliary rudder. Furthermore, the rudder height of the auxiliary rudder is smaller than the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the rudder nozzle and the guide pin is arranged on the upper end plate of the auxiliary rudder.

When rudder laying, which is done by pivoting the rudder nozzle, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rudder and thus its trailing edge is swung out in the same direction from the midships plane. By contrast, the guide pin of the auxiliary rudder remains in the midships plane and wandsert only in the fixed at the ship's stern straight line aft, so that the leading edge of the auxiliary rudder is in all rudder positions in the flight of the propeller hub. This has the consequence that the respective rudder angle of the auxiliary rudder is necessarily greater than that of the rudder nozzle and the surface of the auxiliary rudder assumes a hydrodynamically favorable position in the water jet emerging from the rudder nozzle. Thus, there is no restriction of the water jet between the nozzle outlet and the rear edge of the auxiliary rudder, even in hard-rubber layers. The proportional rudder torque to be applied for the auxiliary rudder is transferred to the rudder blade via the straight guide, sliding block and guide pin.