DD283274A7 - PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ACTIVE COAL BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of activated carbon by chemical activation using raw materials of inferior quality. The aim and object of the invention is to find a method according to which uncarbelled raw materials, such as peat, Saegespaene and organic hydrolysis products for the production of preszfaehiger mash, their anschlieszende compression set and low-loss activation can be used. According to the invention, clay and / or clays are added to the mash as binding and solidifying agents, followed by compression set and activation. {Activated carbon; Activation, chemical; Volume; clay mineral; Peat}

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a process for the production of activated carbon by chemical activation based on non-coking raw materials, such as peat, sawdust and organic hydrolysis products.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions Starting raw materials for an activated carbon to be produced by the chemical process principle usually form peat and / or

or sawdust whose quality requires a lot of effort.

In order to achieve sufficient digestion in technical processes and a mashable press is obtained, is the Use of Hochmoortorf high degree of decomposition unconditional requirement. When using young or white peat or organic hydrolysis products, for example, from various technical Processes result (feed industry), the produced mash remains even with high use of activating agents

loose and not compressible.

The disintegration of the moldings already begins during the pressing process, an activation of the material is not possible. In the Technique, the hardness of the moldings and other qoalitätsbestimmende properties on the mixing ratio peat

and sawdust or sawdust affected.

It is also known hard moldings durc h mixing the carbonaceous raw material with a carbonaceous also Binding material, such as lignosulfonate to produce (DE-OS 2453325) and thus the several hours lasting activation in the Rotary kiln to enable without group case. The mentioned, the resistance of the moldings improving technical solutions are effective only if the Raw material meets the qualitative requirements placed on it. Otherwise, a mission is reduced quality Raw materials not possible. Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is the use of previously unexploited economic resources for the production of activated carbon.

Explanation of the essence of the invention It is an object of the invention to provide a method according to which low quality raw materials, especially peat small Degree of decomposition, sawdust or organic hydrolysis products for the production of compressible mashes whose

subsequent compression deformation and low-loss activation can be used.

The object is achieved in that bekaischtem in bekanner manner with hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution or phosphoric acid Peat and / or sawdust and organic hydrolysis products according to the invention clays and / or clays as binding and Solidifying agent are added and the resulting product is then compressed and activated. A sufficient strength for the technological processing in the activation devices is already at a Ton-

and / or alumina addition of at least 10% by mass. As appropriate, the mashing and pressing behavior favorably influencing, proves the use of clay and / or alumina with a share of at least 90% of the grain size <0.071 mm diameter.

Ausführungsbelspiele example 1

735g of young peat with a moisture content of 32% were mixed in the small mixer with initially 2S2 ml of mash liquor. The peat showed a poor mashing behavior from the beginning, that is, it did not darken significantly and remained loose until the end of the mash time of 30 mash time of 30 minutes, not formbai and not supple. Further addition of mash liquor to a 1: 1 mash ratio did not improve the consistency. The compression test confirmed

this visual assessment. The moldings (pressing pressure 16-17 MPa) disintegrated immediately after leaving the matrices.

After reintroducing the molding compound into the kneader, 200g of clay was gradually added to the kneader contents. After another

10 minutes of mash time subordinate 100 ml of water, a new compression test was made. At already 11 MPa

Pressing pressure turned out to be solid and smooth moldings. The resulting moldings were subjected to activation in a rotary kiln under the following conditions: Oven temperature: 820K Activation time after reaching the target temperature: 60min Furnace atmosphere: 80 l / h CO ₂ , 320 l / h N ₂ . After completion of the activation, an abrasion of only 0.35 Ma .-% was determined. The activated moldings were boiled for 30 minutes with 12% hydrochloric acid, followed by washing for 6 hours

flowing, cold well water. The drying took place at 400K.

The activated carbon moldings retained their good strength and a smooth surface. The determination of the shaking weight resulted

a value of 36.54 g / 100 ml.

After grinding in a laboratory impact mill, the following sorptions were determined:

Methylene blue absorption: 18.9 ml / 100 mg iodine sorption: 765 mg

The raw and auxiliary materials used had the following characteristic values: Sieve analysis:> 0.8mm Average: 6.7%

0.4-0.8mm Average: 31.2%

0.125-0.4mm average: 39.4%

0.071-0.125mm Average: 11.8%

> 0.071 mm average: 10.9%

Ash content: 2.7%

Volatile matter: 67.2% fixed carbon: 30.1%

Sieve analysis: <0.071 mm Average: 96.17%

0.071-0.125 Average: 2.90%> 0.125mm Average: 0.93%

Composition of the mash liquor The mash liquor contained 1329g ZnCl ₂ /! and 66g CaCl ₂ /! in hydrochloric acid solution. Example 2

200 g of the hydrolysis product (dry matter) were mixed with 600 g of peat and kneaded in a kneader with 0.8551 mashiye.

The kneading time was 20 minutes. Subsequently, the mash thus prepared became moldings at a pressure of 9 MPa

pressed. The moldings were not very firm and not too smooth either.

The moldings thus obtained were activated in the laboratory rotary kiln under the following conditions: Oven temperature: 55O ⁰ C Activation time: 60 min (after reaching the set temperature) Furnace atmosphere: 60 ICO ₂ / h, 240 L N ₂ / h The cooling was carried out under N ₂ gassing (300 l / h).

According to Example 1, the moldings were treated for 30 min with hot, 12% hydrochloric acid. It had to be noted that a considerable part of the moldings partly fell apart. It was then washed for four hours under running cold water. Drying took place in a convection oven at 420K. The moldings thus produced were brittle and had no smooth surface. The following analytical values were determined:

Methylblausorption: 12,4ml / 100mg Jodsorption: 924 mg tap density: 44.11 g / 100 ml ^T ron hardness: 41.4%

The experiment was repeated under the following changed conditions:

200g of hydrolysis product, 200g of clay flour and 500g of peat were mixed in the kneader and then with the addition of 360ml

Mash liquor kneaded. After a 20-minute mashing period, the easily mouldable mass in the extruder became shaped at a pressure of 9.5 MPa

pressed.

It came to the formation of solid and very smooth formations. The activation was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, the same as the aftertreatment. It

However, it was found that the molds did not decay, they retained their shape and strength to the last stage of the process.

The resulting moldings are characterized by the following analytical data:

Methylene blue porphine: 11.8ml / 100mg

Iodosorption: 871 mg

Rig density: 51.40g / 100ml

Dry hardness: 91.10%

Characteristic values of the raw materials used Excipients peat: ash (total) = 4.9%

volatile components = 65.0%

fixed carbon = 30.1%

Sieve Analysis 2.3% > 1,6mm0 = 4.5% 0.8-1.6 mm 0 = 30.7% 0.25-0.8 mm 0 · = 24.0% 0.125-0.25 mm 0 - 22.5% 0.071-0.125 mm 0 = 16.0% <0.071 mm 0 =

Organic hydrolysis product: (Finely ground: 90% <0.071 mm 0) Ash: 2.8%

f I. Ingredients: 73.7% C-fix: 23.5%

Operating moisture: 0.8% H ₂ O

Sieve analysis: <O, O71mm0 = 96.17%

0.071-0.125 mm 0 = 2.90%

> 0.0125 mm 0 = 0.93%

mashing lye

ZnCl = 1329 g / l "^

> in hydrochloric acid solution CaCl ₂ = 66 g / l J

Claims (3)

1. A process for the production of activated carbon by chemical activation based on non-carbonaceous raw materials, such as peat, sawdust and organic hydrolysis products, characterized in that the mashed with hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution or phosphoric acid raw material clay and / or clays are added as a binding and solidifying agent and then in a known manner, the compression deformation and activation take place. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 10% by weight of clay and / or clays are added to the mash, 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the clays and / or clays used to at least 90% have a particle size <0.071 mm in diameter.