DD244512B1 - BRAKING AND INSTALLATION OF METAL STRUCTURES - Google Patents

Description

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a cost-effective method and apparatus for safe, directional separation of the elements of a metal structure.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that an aluminothermic mixture is ignited in a mold and the resulting melt is a metal slag melt, which is a mixture of liquid iron and liquid alumina and cuts through the profile to be separated.

The aluminothermic mixture is ignited in a reaction vessel. The resulting melt flows from these after melting the delay plate, which has the task of retaining the powdery aluminothermic mixture in the mold and to control the separation processes in time, through the influence channel in the profile shape, which surrounds the profile to be separated and through the influence channel. or along both sides of the profile to be separated. The profile is heated and melted through. The separation process is accelerated by the kinetic energy of the flowing melt (Durchflußverfahren).

The melt leaves the profile shape through the outflow channel. It creates an effect similar to autogenous flame cutting that the flowing melt takes over the function of flame and cutting jet.

In another embodiment (cutting jet method) does not surround the profile shape of the profile to be separated. It is attached laterally at a certain profile-dependent distance from the profile and has a slot-like opening to the profile. In a second attached container, the reaction vessel, the aluminothermic mixture comes to the reaction. The melt melts through the delay plate and flows through the slot-like opening of the profile shape as a broad beam on the profile to be separated. This high-energy beam causes heating, melting and flushing of the molten material. It creates a separation cut. In this case, the kinetic energy of the melt is utilized for the separation process.

The advantages of this method and the facilities are the safe demolition of metal structures. These advantages are:

- The entire reaction product, consisting of a molten metal slag of liquid iron and liquid alumina, is used for the separation process, whereby the mold construction is significantly reduced.

The kinetic energy of the flowing metal slag melt significantly accelerates the separation process.

- Directional cuts (fall cuts) are possible.

- The distance from refractory to the profile of the weather and load dependency is eliminated and significantly reduces the time required to attach the molds on the profile.

- With the help of the delay plate a temporal control of the cuts in the individual profiles is possible.

- The specific consumption of aluminothermic mixture is low.

embodiments

The invention will be explained in more detail below on some embodiments.

Fig. 1: side view of the inventive device (in section) for horizontally arranged profiles for the

Durchflußverfahren, Fig. 2: front view of the inventive device (in section) for horizontally arranged profiles for the

Durchflußverfahren, Figure 3: side view of the inventive device (in section) for vertically arranged profiles for the

Durchflußverfahren, Figure 4: Front view of the inventive device (in section) for horizontally arranged profiles for the

Schneidstrahlverfahren, Fig. 5: side view of the inventive device (in section) for vertically arranged profiles for the

Cutting beam method, Fig. 6: Side view of the inventive device (in section) for vertically arranged profiles for separating the edge zones.

Embodiment 1

Figs. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the Durchflußverfahren.

The profile form 2, consisting of two halves of a sheet metal jacket with refractory lining, is placed on the profile 1 to be separated and fastened (eg by tack welding). The interface between profile 1 and profile shape 2 is sealed with refractory material and the reaction vessel 3, which consists of a metal jacket with refractory lining, placed on the profile mold 2 and sealed to the profile shape 2 out. This is followed by the insertion of the delay plate 11 on the influence channel 12 of the profile form 2. The aluminothermic mixture and the electric igniter are introduced into the reaction vessel 3 and the lid 4 placed on the reaction vessel. After ignition, the aluminothermic reaction produces a melt 7 with a high heat content. The melt 7 melts the delay plate 11 and flows through the influence channel 12 in the profile shape 2, through the flow channel 5 and the outflow channel 6, wherein the profile 1 is melted in the separation area and thus separated.

For pressure equalization is provided at the upper edge of the reaction vessel 3 below the lid 4 opening 8. There is a secure separation of the profile 1, wherein Profilein each layer are separable and a low consumption of aluthermischem mixture is recorded.

The reaction vessel 3 and the profile shape 2 can be prefabricated. The cuts can be made directionally.

Embodiment 2

4 and 5 show embodiments according to the cutting jet method.

The profile form 2 is attached and fixed (for example tack welding) at a specific profile-dependent distance from the profile 1 to be separated. The reaction vessel 3, in which there is an opening for pressure equalization, is fastened and sealed on the profiled mold 2. The delay plate 11 is inserted via the distribution channel 9 and the slot-like opening 10 and seals it off.

This is followed by the filling of the aluminothermic mixture, the insertion of the electric igniter and the laying of the cover 4 on the reaction vessel 3 and then the ignition. The aluminothermic reaction gives the melt 7 with high heat content. The melt 7 melts the delay plate 11, flows through the distribution channel 9 and the slot-like opening against the profile 1 and melts this in the separation point area.

In this embodiment, reloading and prefabrication of the molds 2 and 3 is possible, achieving a favorable economic effect. There is a secure separation of the profiles 1 in each layer, with no weather and load dependence occurs because no positive engagement with the profile 1 is given. The cuts can be made directionally.

Application example 3

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the cutting jet method for separating the edge zones of profiles. This embodiment shows particularities with respect to the embodiment 2. In this case, a combination of profile shape 2 and reaction container 3 is arranged on both sides of the profile 1, wherein between the two an introduced in profile 1 opening 13, so that the respective beam of the melt 7 the edge zones of the weakened cross section of the profile 1 occurs and these melted through at the same time. The introduced opening 13 can be made oblique or straight. They are primarily realized by flame cutting.

Claims (3)

claims: A method for separating metal structures by reacting an aluminothermic mixture, wherein the aluminothermic mixture is ignited in a refractory shape enclosing the profile to be separated, characterized in that the ignited aluminothermic welding powder with the molten components of liquid iron and alumina mixed together, after melting a delay plate is directed in each case as a melt stream or melt flow with predetermined direction on separation points of the metal structure and melts the separation points. 2. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, consisting of a refractory separation mold with reaction vessel, characterized in that the reaction vessel (3) in the lower part of a delay plate (11) and in one, the profile to be separated profile (1) enclosing profile shape (2) an influence channel (12), one or both sides of the profile (1) along along flow channel (5) and an outflow channel (6) are arranged. 3. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, consisting of a refractory separation mold with profiled shape arranged below, characterized in that the profile shape (2) is arranged at a certain distance from the profile to be separated (1), a distribution channel (9) and to the profile (1) indicative slot-like openings (10). For this 5 pages drawings Field of application of the invention The invention relates to a method and a device for the aluminothermic separation of metal profiles, in particular for the demolition and disassembly of large and complicated structures of metal structures. Characteristic of the known technical solutions Methods are known for separating structural elements of large and complex metal structures for the purpose of demolition and demolition by means of flame cutting or blasting. The disadvantage is often that such metal structures are no longer walkable or that a blast for safety reasons is not possible. To remedy these disadvantages, the "method and apparatus for separating metal structures" according to DD-PS 99116 and 110535 already known .. The large metal construction to be separated is provided with a lined with a heat-resistant material form The aluminothermic fuel, which heats up the profiles of the metal structure directly after ignition and without detour strongly and partially melts, so that the metal structure comes to collapse by the dead load.The disadvantage of this method is the weather and load dependence, due to the positive locking of Profile to profile shape The simultaneous separation of the profiles of a steel construction due to the premature destruction of the refractory shapes is not possible with high reliability .Incoming moisture in case of rain leads to explosive destruction of the refractory lining he refractory shapes to the profile can lead to cracking in the refractory lining during occurring movements of the metal structure during the intended separation process, especially for large profiles. The actual separation process is only generated by heat conduction. It takes a relatively long time. Another disadvantage is an increased expenditure of time when attaching the molds to the profile by time-consuming sealing work. Furthermore, the scope of application is limited. In DD-PS 33830 and 38667 aluminothermic welding processes are described. In these patents, the aluminothermic mixture is ignited in a reaction vessel. The closure platelets have the task of allowing the reaction products to remain in the reaction vessel until the liquid iron due to the higher density, 7.81 kg / dm ³ compared to the alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) with a density of 2.18 kg / dm ^{3 has settled} at the bottom of the reaction vessel. This means that a clear separation of liquid iron and Al ₂ O _{3 has} occurred. According to these patents, the liquid metal flows through forced channels to the weld and is collected in a forced form. The methods are not suitable for separation. By separating the iron from the Al ₂ O ₃ with a volume ratio of about 1: 4 only the iron is guided to the weld, the Al ₂ O ₃ solidifies already in the container to the slag. This results in a high cost of materials. Another disadvantage is the fit and the weather dependence. Object of the invention The aim of the invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages, with a secure separation of the profiles, wherein cuts are performed directed and profiles should be separable in each position. Another goal is that the forms can be attached easily and quickly. As a result, the range of application of the method is more versatile.