DD228174A1 - SPATIAL LOGIC TOY WITH MOVABLE SINGLE SEGMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention has for its object to provide a rotatable about four axes in three layers and tips body, with a dome-like division of the inner ball shell of Gesamtkoerpers is provided so that a consistent cohesion is ensured by appropriately trained pin and recesses and by cone or cylinder-like Zufuehrungsstutzen even outside of the central ball located individual segments are attached to the overall body. In the case of a minor constructive change, the structure of an octahedron consisting of a few different elements results, which can be rotated about four axes in two positions. Fig. 1

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a spatial toy whose shape is a self-contained tetrahedron or octahedron whose outer surfaces are colored and / or provided with consecutive numbers.

The goal of this Knopspiels is to create a spatial entity with uniform color areas and / or consecutive numbers.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

With the HU Patent No. 170062 the basic idea was given to build geometric bodies of individual segments so that they hold each other in layers and the cube is pivotable about three axes in three layers. The cohesion of the sections and the rotatability is achieved by a six-armed rotating star in the body center, each with a rotatably attached center piece and by clever division of an inner ball or inner ball shell. The edges and corner pieces have pins and recesses corresponding to this division.

With the Hong Kong patent no. 0042695 the rotation of the individual layers was extended by a fourth axis. This tetrahedron is rotatable about each axis in 2 layers and peak, but has a very complicated internal structure with sprung beads. The solution is easier than with the cube.

Object of the invention ~~ "~" ""

The aim of the invention is to provide the cube with a counterpart in terms of shape, twistability and the corresponding degree of difficulty.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is the construction of a spatial toy, which is rotatable about four axes in the form of a tetrahedron by four axes in three layers and apex or in the shape of an octahedron about four axes and in two layers.

According to the object of the invention to provide a rotatable about four axes in three layers and tip body, achieved in that a dome-like division of the inner ball shell of the body is made so that a constant cohesion is ensured by pins and grooves and by cone or In addition, the feed nozzles are fastened to the entire body even outside the central ball, and the free rotation of the tips is eliminated by the simple coupling with the axle retainer tips located in the interior of the body by means of a hollow axle.

A central axis cross connects the four point elements of a preferably tetrahedron-shaped total body, which was cut perpendicular to its four body axes three times at the same distance and thus consists of 24 Einzeltetraeder and 10 octahedra. If one of the tips points upwards, then the individual layers are referred to as upper, middle, lower layer and tip.

On each axis, an axis octahedron and an axle truncated cone with a hollow spherical top surface and an axle trapezoidal tip with a spherical base surface are additionally mounted rotatably. The axes of the total tetrahedron pierce the axis of the octahedron from the center of an outer surface to the center of the parallel outer surface.

Axial octahedron and axle truncated cone should be sprung against each other to constantly ensure a firm pressure of the pin located between the axis truncated cone and Achsentetraederspitze. The Kantentetraeder be connected via truncated cone or cylinder-section-like feed nozzle with dome-portion-like pin. The larger part of these pins each two Kantentetraeder summarizes in the correspondingly large recesses of a Kantenoktaeders, while the smaller parts of the two pins are anchored behind the Achsenkegelstümpfen two axes.

If exactly the outer keel stump of the axle tetrahedron stump with a hollow spherical top surface is used for the truncated cone-like feed nozzles, then the axle tetrahedron stump can also be used for the axle taper stump.

Only in this case, any insight into the interior of the tetrahedron is prevented when rotating the individual layers. For each truncated cone larger than the inner truncated cone and smaller than the Außenkegeistumpf an Achsentetraederstumpf is used whose edges do not protrude from this outer truncated cone.

The three Kantenoktaeder an outer surface of the entire body surround a Zentralflächentetraeder. These Zentralflächentetraeder have at their three invisible edges each have a recess which allow the passage of the large part of the dome-portion-like pin over the axis truncated cone of an octahedral recess through this Zentralflächentetraederaussparung in the next octahedral recess. The Zentralflächentetraeder in turn have at the same radial distance from the center at their inner surfaces each a spherical shell portion-like pin, the size of which is determined by the fact that it must allow on its two side surfaces the Vorbeidrenhen the kalottenabschnittartigen pin, on the other hand even when turning the Zentralflächentetraeder within the middle layer behind the Axis truncated cone summarizes, but at the same time must also slide over the massive body axis.

If two of the surfaces of the edge octahedron facing towards the center of the total body have the recesses for the major part of the dome-like cones, then the two other, opposing surfaces facing the center must have recesses which allow the central surface tetrahedra to fly past with their cones over this octahedral surface.

During assembly, the axle truncated cone, the axle tetrahedron and the non-visible outer surface of the top dead wheels are the last to be rotatably mounted and mechanically secured against being pulled down and falling down in a known manner. Afterwards, the top tetrahedron open on one side can be attached to this base.

An increase in the degree of difficulty of the solution results when the top dead center and axle retainer tip are rigidly connected to one another on a hollow axle.

The rotation of a Achsenoktaeders about the corresponding axis is associated with the simultaneous rotation of the three adjacent Kantentetraeder. The feed nozzles rotate over the axis truncated cone through the recesses of the three edge octahedrons adjacent to these edge tractors. The kalottenabschnittartigen pins are anchored to the smaller pin part constantly behind the axis truncated cone. The larger spigot part rotates through the recess of the edge octahedron and the centra-tetrahedra, the edge octahedra being constantly secured by at least one spigot piece. Thus, the simultaneous twisting aiier upper layers is possible.

In the case of the attached axle tetraecer, it rotates simultaneously with the three edge tractors in the same way as the frusto-conical feed nozzles through the corresponding recesses of the adjacent edge octahedron.

When the middle layer is rotated relative to the lower layer, the edge and edge locators of the middle layer can not change their position relative to one another. The smaller portion of the tapered pin moves from an axial truncated cone through the lateral recess of the lower octave edge octahedron to the next axial truncated cone. At the same time, a pin of a Zentralflächerstetraeders anchored in the lateral recess of the edge octahedron of the lower layer slides through this recess, grasping behind the axial cone stump and then into the recess of the next edge octahedron,

With minor constructive change results in the structure of an existing of a few different crayfish octahedron, which is rotatable about four axes in two layers.

If the Spitzenetetraeder and middle layers are cut off the Gesamttetraeder, then there is an oktaeGercrrnigas logical toy, in which the Axis tegels socks replaced by the Achsentetraederstumpfe with hohikugförmiger CecKfiäche and firmly inserted into the Kantenoktaeder the feed and Kalottenabschnittartigen pins in the corresponding recesses of the edge octahedron of the above tetrahedron become. Only the smaller parts of the calotte-like cones secure the Hait of Kantanoktaeders each between two Achsentetraederstümpfen. The central surface tetrahedra are replaced by those without recesses.

The rotation of one layer relative to the other runs analogously to the rotation of the central position of the tetrahedron to its lower position. The most favorable attachment of Achsentetraederstümpfe takes place on the axis in a known manner. The rotation of each individual layer of the two bodies can be performed around each axis at angles of 120 °, 240 ° and 360 °.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. The figures show in detail:

Fig. 1: consisting of Einzelsegementen tetrahedral toy

Fig. 2: axbox

3: sectional surfaces of the tetrahedral individual segments with an inner spherical shell FIG. 4: separation of the inner spherical shell into intermediate pieces, recesses and cones FIG. 5: top tetrahedron

Fig. 6: Axis octahedron

Fig. 7: Zentralflächentetraeder

Fig. 8: axis truncated cone

Fig. 9: Achsentetraederspitze

Fig.10: edge octahedron

Fig.11: edge tetrahedron

Fig. 12: Cross section through the attached on the axis Einzelsegemente

Fig. 13: an octahedral toy

Fig. 14: Achsentetraederstumpf

Fig. 15: edge octahedron of the octahedron toy

Fig. 16: Zentralflächentetraeder the octahedral toy

Fig. 17: cross-sectional enlargement of the pins

The tetrahedral toy consisting of individual segments consists of 38 individual segments:

4 pieces of axial octahedron 2 (Figure 6) with three visible faces,

6 pieces of edge octahedron 4 (FIG. 10) with two visible surfaces,

4 pieces of top tetrahedron 1 (Figure 5) with three visible surfaces,

12 pieces edge gears 5 {Fig. 11) with two visible surfaces,

4 pieces Zentraiflächentetraeder 3 (Figure 7) with a visible surface.

The non-visible four axle retractors located inside the body are composed of one axle truncated cone 6 each (FIG. 8) and one axle retainer tip (7).

If a tetrahedron is cut parallel to each outer surface three times at the same distance, the result is 24 individual tetrahedra and 10 single octahedra, each with the same edge length (FIG. 1). The individual layers should carry the following designations from bottom to top: lower, middle and upper layer as well as point. The tetrahedron center point lies outside each of these layers, in each case between lower and middle position. 2) connects the four tips 1 (FIG. 5), carries the four axes of the octahedron 2 (FIG. 6) and axle tetrahedra, each consisting of two individual segments 6 and 7.

They are therefore subject to no major mounting problems.

3 shows the sectional areas of the individual segments 3 and 4 and the contact surfaces of the individual segments 6 and 7 (FIGS. 8 and 9) with a spherical shell projected into the total tetrahedron, as well as the puncture points of the body axes when one of the tetrahedron tips points upwards.

In Figure 4, this Kugelschaie is shown in the same manner, but in addition to the dome-like separation of these and the connection of the spherical shell segments with the tetrahedral single segments, and the resulting resulting paths of these spherical shell segments. The tetrahedral singles segments 3,4 and Zentralachsentetraeder are separated by the spherical shell in the inner and outer part. This spherical shell can be so in four calottes 11, each with an axis 8 in the center, divide that they could possibly touch in the points 12. 12 is simultaneously the axis crossing point of the edge octahedron 4.19 is the connecting piece between the inner and outer portions of the edge octahedron 4. FIG. 20 is the corresponding connecting piece for the central surface tetrahedron 3.

The calottes 11 are rotatable about the axes 8 through the octahedron cutouts 13 and tetrahedral cutouts 14. By means of suitable feed nozzles, three edge gears 5 are to be fastened to a calotte. The rotation of the uppermost lags then corresponds to the rotation of the corresponding dome within the elements of the middle layer. If a rotation of the Kantentetraeder 5 done with the middle layer, then the calotte by cutting lines 15 are further divided. These lines 15 are obtained by a circle is applied to the spherical shell around the axes 8 and this touches the three other axes 8 tangentially. This results in the Zentralflächentetraeder 3 (Figure 7) each have three pins 16, which protrude into the three adjacent Kantenoktaeder 4. At the same time so that the caps 11 are separated into three equal sections 17 and spacers 18. Thus, these lines 15 simultaneously steep the tracks of the pins 16 and smaller parts of the pins 17 in the adjacent individual segments. Furthermore, the smaller parts of the pins 17 can move about the axis 8 and hollow shaft 10, while the greater part of the pin 17 moved along the line 11.

The connection of the Kantentetraeder 5 to the Kalottenabschnitten 17 is made by suitable feed.

Instead of the outer part of the Achsentetraeders only inscribed Ahsenkegelstumpf 6 {Fig. 8) with a hollow spherical top surface placed on the axis 8. Each slightly larger truncated cone 21 permits a corresponding connection of the edge tetrahedron 5 to the dome sections 17 by means of a truncated cone section 22 (FIGS. 4 and 11) and a corresponding recess in the edge octahedron 4 (FIG. 10). Here, the tetrahedral outer cone represents the maximum outer limit for a non-visible connector 22. The Kegeistumpfabschnitt 22 can pass into a cylinder section, but reduces the mechanical strength of the feed nozzle due to a smaller cross-section.

If exactly the outer truncated cone of the axle tetrahedron stump with a hollow-spherical top surface is used as the larger truncated cone 21, then the eccentric truncated axle 23 (FIG. 14) can also be used for the truncated cone truncated cone δ. For each truncated cone larger than the inner truncated cone and smaller than the outer truncated cone and a Achsentetraedsrstumpf is used whose edges do not protrude above this truncated cone.

FIG. 9 shows the inner part of the axle retractor, the axle retainer tip 7.

The center of the axbox (Figure 3) should be simply spherical. In this case, this inner ball 9 is so large that the solidly designed axes no longer emerge on the side surfaces of the Achsentetraederspitzen 7 and prevent the rotation of the adjacent elements 3 and 4.

Otherwise, the side surfaces of the edge octahedron 4 and Zentralflächentetraeder 3 near the central tip to flatten so far that they slide smoothly over the axes 8.

Since the pins 16 and the smaller part of 17 are relatively small with respect to the individual segments, a slight widening of the cross section or profiling is to be carried out within the recesses for stabilizing the entire body (FIG. 17). Without restrictions of mobility are so given on the axis truncated cone 6 three fixed paths.

The dome sections 18 can be used as additional stabilizers in the corresponding recesses.

As already stated above, the parts 1, 2, 6 or 23 and 7 are those elements which can be fastened on the axles 8. In the initial position, two pins 17 of the edge tetrahedron 5 each engage in the corresponding recesses 13 of an edge octahedron 4, while the smaller part of the pin 17 is anchored behind the axis truncated cone 6. With the three pins 16 each Zentralflächentetraeder 3 (Figure 7) is protected in the corresponding recesses of the three adjacent Kantenoktaeder 4 against falling out and pulling out.

This cohesion is guaranteed even when twisting the individual layers against each other. If the top layer is twisted, then the corresponding axis octahedron 2 is simultaneously rotated with three edge gears 5. In this case, the truncated cone sections 22 rotate through the corresponding recesses of the three adjacent edge octahedron 4 of the middle layer on the axis truncated cone 6. The smaller portions of the pins 17 thereby constantly behind the axis truncated cone 6, while the larger portions of 17 through the octahedral cutouts 13 (Fig. 4) and slide through the tetrahedral cutouts 14, with a large pin portion of 17 constantly passing into at least one edge octahedron 4, thereby ensuring its grip.

In the case of the axle tetrahedron stump 23 mounted on the axle, it rotates simultaneously with the three edge tedders

5 in the same manner as the truncated cone-like feed nozzles through the corresponding recesses of the adjacent edge octahedron 4, which correspond to the section line 11 in FIG.

If the middle position is twisted, then the situation described above with respect to the upper position results. The three edge tetrahedra 5 of the middle layer in this rotation constantly grasp the large pin portion of 17 in the octahedron cutout 13 of the three edge octahedra 4 of the middle layer. Their position to each other remains unchanged during the rotation. During the rotation, the smaller pin portions of Fig. 17 engage corresponding recesses of the edge octahedron 4 of the lower layer. These, in turn, are held in their position by two edge tetrahedra 5 each of the lower layer between the thigh cone stumps 6 and axle tetrahedron stumps 23. The three Zentralflächentetraeder 3 of the middle layer are connected in this rotation by two pins 16 with the two adjacent edge octahedra 4 of the middle layer. The third lower pin 16 of a Zentralflächentetraeders migrates during rotation through the recess of the Kantenoktaeders the lower layer, then grasps behind the axis truncated cone 6 and Achsentetraederstumpf 23, is also anchored here and finally engages in the recess of the next Kantenoktaeders 4th

The twisting of the lower layer corresponds to twisting and cohesion twisting the middle position relative to the lower layer.

Since the twisting of the tip and thus a correct color or image assignment is trivial, there is the possibility to couple this with the middle level. Achsentetraedersptize 7 and Spitzenentetraeder 1 are rigidly mounted on a hollow shaft 10. A spring between 2 and 6 or 23 ensures a firm pressure of the axis truncated cones 6 and Achsentetraederstümpfe 23 against the pins 16 and 17 of the Zentralflächentetraeder 3 and Kantentetra.eder5 (Fig. 12). The hollow shaft 10 is placed on the central axis 8 and secured in a known manner against falling. The outer surfaces of these Spitzenentetraeder are to install only after installation on its fixed base.

If the four tips and four upper layers are cut off from the total tetrahedron, then an octahedron results (FIG. 12). Axis tetrahedron dies 23 (Figure 14) are inserted and the edge octahedron 4 is replaced by edge octahedron 24 (Figure 15) and the central surface tetrahedron 3 is replaced by central surface tetrahedron 25 (Figure 16). In the edge octahedra 24, the two pins 17 are firmly inserted. Thus, the smaller portions of the pins 17 analogous to the tetrahedron in the initial position and upon rotation of one layer provide a permanent hold behind the Achsentetraederstumpf 23 (Fig. 14) and the Kantenoktaedern 24 (Fig. 15) of the other position. When Zentralflächentetraeder 25 accounts for the individual segments 3, the recesses on the inner edges. The Achsentetraeder 5 is fixed in a known manner on the axis. The total octane consists of 14 individual segments with: 32 outer surfaces: 4 centra-surface tetrahedra 25 (FIG. 16) with a visible surface,

6 edge octahedron 24 (FIG. 15) with four visible surfaces, 4 axis tetrahedra with a visible surface.

In this case, the Achsentetraeder from a Achsentetraederstumpf 23 and a Achsentstraederspitze 7 together. Since the smaller portions of the pins 17 and the pins 16 are relatively small compared to the Einzelsgrnanten, is recommended as protection against violent pulling out of the individual segments, a cross-sectional widening of the profiling of these pins within the recesses (Fig. 17). For the axis of the cone sump 6 arise for the pin without limiting the rotatability three fixed paths.

Claims (8)

Invention claims: 1. Spatial logic toy with movable individual segments whose outer shape is a closed tetrahedron or other regular surface, characterized in that the individual elements are rotatable about four axes in three layers and the top against each other in various ways, the Cohesion of the individual elements, on the one hand, by axis toothed tips (7) fastened on the axles, axis octagonal stems (6), axial octahedrons (2) and pointed tetrahedrons (1), on the other hand, by edge tetrahedrons (5) with dome-shaped cones (17), centra-surface tetrahedrons (3) with tenons (16) and recesses allowing the pins (17) to pass and leaving edge octahedra (4) with recesses allowing the pins (16 and 17) to be received and passed through, the socket clearances (18) not being filled with the corresponding socket portions and the connection of the Kantentetraeder (5) to the pin (17) via e a truncated cone section (22) or cylinder section, parallel to the body axis thereof, wherein the four-armed axbox is spherical in the center and the tips of the edge octahedron (4), centra-surface tetrahedra (3) and axle tetrahedron tips (7) facing this center are hollow spherical or these tips the edge octahedron (4) and the central surface tetrahedron (3) are flattened so far as to allow them to slide past the solid axes and to distinguish the four faces of the total tetrahedron in different colors, images and / or numbers. 2. Spatial logical toy according to item 1, characterized in that when using the outer truncated cone for the truncated cone-like feed connection (22) the Achsentetraederstümpfe (6) by the Achsentetraederstümpfe (23). 3. Spatial logical toy according to item 1, characterized in that when using an outer Kegeistumpfes for the truncated cone-like feed nozzle (22) which is smaller than the outer truncated cone and smaller than the inner truncated cone, the edges of the Achsentetraederstumpfes (23) are rounded so far that they do not protrude beyond this outer truncated cone. 4. Spatial logic toy according to items 1 to 3, characterized in that the dome clearances (18) are filled with corresponding Kalottenabschnitten. 5. Spatial logic toy according to item 1 to 4, characterized in that Spitzenentetraeder (1) and Achsentetraederspitze (7) are rigidly coupled by a hollow shaft (10). 6. Spatial logical toy whose regular surface forms a closed octahedron according to item 1, characterized in that the individual elements are rotatable about four axes in two layers against each other in different ways, the cohesion of the individual elements on the one hand by on the axes fixed axle anchor stumps (23) and axle retainer tips (7), on the other hand, by edge octahedron (24) with pins corresponding to the smaller part of the cap portion-like pin (17) and recesses allowing the pins (16) of the centravel surface tetrahedron (25) to pass therethrough the central tetrahedra (3) have no lateral recesses, the axle tetrahedron stumps being fixed on the axles in a known manner, the four-armed axbox being spherical in center and the center-pointing tips of the edge octahedron (24), centra-surface tetrahedron (25) and axle tetrahedron tips (7) are hollow spherical, or these tips of the Kantencktaeder (24) and Zentraiflaeächentetraeder (25) are flattened so far that a slide over the massive axes allowed and the 8 top surfaces of the total octahedron are differentiated by color, image and / or by consecutive numbers. 7. Spatial logic toy according to item 5, characterized in that the pins and recesses are radially formed in a known manner. 8. Spatial logic toy according to item 1 to 7, characterized in that the pins (16), the smaller pin portions (17) and / or the larger pin portions (17) within the recesses have a profile and these recesses are shaped accordingly. For this 7 pages drawings