DD208602A5 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HYDROGENATING GASIFICATION OF COAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the gasification of coal, peat or biomass with a gasification reactor. The aim of the invention is to save energy and reduce the material and labor costs and the proportion of harmful substances in the flue gas. The object is to provide an energy-saving method and a device for hydrogenating gasification. According to the invention, the gasification reactor and the associated gas generating circuit are combined with a power plant such that the combustion chamber of the power plant is fed with the residual coke from the reactor, that the high temperature heat from the combustion chamber is used for the production of hydrogen for the gasification process.

Description

244350 0 -'- ⁶¹⁵⁷⁵

13.1.8

Process and apparatus for the hydrogenating gasification of coal

Area of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method and a device for the hydrogenating gasification of coal, peat or biomass with a Vergasungßreaktor.

Characteristic of the known technical solution

A gasification reactor is used to produce methane (CHL) from raw coal. For this purpose, the raw coal in the reactor is partially gasified with hydrogen at 100 bar »The required hydrogen is in a gas generating circuit using a portion of the produced CH. and continuously generated by receiving high-temperature process heat. For this purpose, usually dedicated combustion chambers are used, which are fed with the commonly available primary energy, especially coal, »

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to save energy in the hydrogenating gasification of coal and to reduce the material and labor and the proportion of harmful substances in the flue gas.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide an energy-saving process for hydrogenating gasification.

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The object is achieved according to the invention in that the process heat required for the gasification is produced by combustion of the residual coke from the gasification reactor.

As a result, the separate primary energy is replaced by the Restkok.s from the reactor, which usually falls as a waste product, which not only a remarkable energy saving, but also a significant reduction in environmental impact is achieved. In addition, the removal of waste residual coke is reduced.

In the gasification process, simultaneously with the formation of methane, a desulphurization of the coal and a binding of the nitrogen take place, so that the combustion of the residual coke produces a flue gas free of nitrogen and nitrogen oxides. «

According to one embodiment of the invention, the combustion chamber of a power plant is used for the combustion of the residual coke. The combustion chamber is divided into a zone of high temperature for process heat generation and a zone of lower temperature.

As a result, an environmentally friendly power plant is created at the same time, the flue gas is poor in harmful substances.

To use the process heat at the highest possible temperature is preferably a cleavage reactor with a catalyst. in _.; , the hot zone of the combustion chamber of the power plant arranged.

The cleavage of a part of the methane produced is carried out on the catalyst for the gasification process. The heat energy of higher temperature required for this purpose is taken off in the hot zone of the flue gas. This has the

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part, that in the power plant, the valuable high-temperature heat that is normally lost, is used for the gas generator circuit. The combination of hydrogenating gasification with a power plant thus a significant contribution to saving energy is gained, which not only increases the efficiency of a gasification reactor, but at the same time a power plant by a significant value.

A particularly good heat transfer from the power plant combustion chamber to the gas generator circuit can be achieved if a known tube-gap reactor with a suitable catalyst is used.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the steam required for the gas generator cycle is taken from the steam plant of the power plant.

The plant for carrying out the method has a combustion chamber which is connected to the residual coke outlet of the gasifier reactor. It also contains a cleavage reactor in which the process heat is obtained at high temperature. In this case, said combustion chamber is the combustion chamber of a power plant, is particularly advantageous that the gasification reactor with the associated gas generating circuit and the power plant forms a structural unit. In a further embodiment of the system, the steam cycle is integrated for the gasification process in the steam cycle of the power plant.

This eliminates the need for separate damper -was -whats both a reduction in size and material and labor savings with it. In addition, this measure simplifies the realization of a compact unit carburetor power plant O.

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Ausftihrungabeispiel

In the drawing, an embodiment is shown schematiach.

The device shown in the drawing is a combined gasification power plant consisting of a summarized with dashed lines gasification plant 10 and a combined with dotted lines power plant eleventh

The generation of CH. takes place ini / one. Reactor 12, in which dried raw coal 13 is partially gasified with hydrogen at a pressure of about 100 bar, Here, combines both the carbon and the sulfur, the nitrogen, the oxygen contained in the coal, with hydrogen to hydrogen content igen compounds which are passed via a line 14 in a gas cleaning device 15. In the gas purification device 15, the compounds are separated and discharged. The residual gases after the removal of Mo and H ₂ S get into a cryogenic separation plant 16, in which residual hydrogen and possibly GO _{2 is} separated off, the separated in this way CH. is finally fed via an expansion turbine 17 a memory or consumer, not shown.

Part of the synthesized CH, which is expanded to about 50 bar, is converted to produce the hydrogen required for the gasification process. ! e ^ @ _^: ß | ^{^.} t || ^ GTT ^ a ^^ 2W ^ - ^^ e "Öäs' branched CH is decomposed with water vapor and then heated in a high-temperature heat exchanger 20. The heated steam-methane mixture. is passed through a tube-gap reactor 21 in which the mixture is cleaved on a nickel catalyst into carbon monoxide and hydrogen

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high temperatures, in about 900 ⁰ C from. The high-temperature heat of the reaction mixture 00, Hp, is released in the heat exchanger aur heating the methane-steam mixture. In a downstream reformer 22, the CO is converted into CO ₂ and H ₂ by addition of steam and passed into the separation plant. The freed in the separation of foreign gas residues hydrogen is finally compressed with a compressor 25 to about 100 bar and fed to the reactor 12.

To generate the required heat energy for the production of hydrogen, the combustion chamber 28 of the power plant 11 is used using the Reatkoke attributable to the reactor 12. For this purpose, the residual coke is transported directly via a corresponding line 30 from the coke sluice 32 and finely ground with an intermediate mill 31 into the combustion chamber 28. This further utilization of the residual coke has the advantage over the primary energy saving addition, the further important advantage that the flue gas thus generated contains no harmful sulfur and nitrogen.

The power plant 11 consists essentially of the combustion chamber 28, evaporator 30a, high-pressure, medium-pressure and low-pressure turbines 35, 36 and 37 and a generator .3,8 * .. ,, Me the steam generation must over 1000 ⁰ C hot flue gas be lowered to 900 to 800 ⁰ C. The üierhei attributable high-temperature heat, which is not used in the conventional power plants, is optimally used in the plant described here, namely for the gas generator cycle. For this purpose, the tube-gap reactor 21 is arranged in the hot zone 40 dgr combustion chamber 28 below the evaporator 30a, so that the Rb'hrenspaltreaktor 21 simultaneously serves to cool the flue gas for the evaporator 30a. The evaporator 30a is disposed in a low temperature zone of the combustion chamber.

61 575 16 13.1.83

The steam required for the gas generator cycle can advantageously be taken from the steam system of the power plant 11, optionally with the interposition of an expansion turbine 42.

To support the economic continuous operation of the plant 10, 11, a further power plant 45 can be provided, with the excess CH. is being used. At low GH.-Demand, the excess methane is then expanded via a turbine 46 and burned in a combustion chamber 47. With the flue gases, a compressor 48 and a gas turbine 49 for driving a generator 50 is operated.

Claims (10)

2Λ Λ3 5 O O -τ- ^ 13.1 Claim for invention 1. A process for the hydrogenating gasification of coal, peat or biomass with a gasification reactor, characterized in that the process heat required for the gasification dui'ch combustion of the residual coke from the gasification reactor (12) is generated. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber (28) of a power plant (11) is used for the combustion of the residual coke. 3. Method according to item 2, characterized in that the combustion chamber (28) is subdivided into a zone (40) of high temperature for process heat generation, and into a zone (52) of low temperature, 4. The method according to item 3, characterized in that the process heat in a cleavage reactor (21) is received, which in the hot zone (40) of the combustion chamber (28) of the power plant (11) is arranged. 5. The method according to item 4 _f, characterized in that a Rö'hrenspaltreaktor (21) provided with a catalyst 6. Method according to one of the preceding points, characterized in that the steam required for the Vergaüungsung process is taken from a power plant steam plant. 7. Plant zixt? Implementation of the method according to item 1, characterized by a combustion chamber (28) connected to the residual coke outlet (32) of the gasification reactor (12) 24Λ350 O - ^ö - ei 57516 13/1/83 and which contains a cleavage reactor (21) in which the process heat is obtained at high temperature. 8. Plant according to item 7, characterized in that the combustion chamber is a combustion chamber (28) of a power plant (11). 9. Plant according to item 8, characterized in that the gasification reactor with the associated gas generating circuit (10) and the power plant (11) forms a structural unit ₀ 10. Plant according to item 7 or 8, characterized in that the steam cycle for the gasification process in the steam cycle of the power plant (11) is integrated. For this 1 page drawings