DD203237A1 - DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PURIFYING DEBITORS, IN PARTICULAR GRANULES OF SYNTHETIC HIGH POLYMERS - Google Patents

Abstract

By means of the device and the method, an effective dedusting of granules of synthetic high polymers, such as polyamides and polyesters, is to take place. However, the invention is also applicable in the grain industry. The goal and task is to create an economical and continuous plant with high efficiency. According to the invention this is achieved by using a device consisting of a good flow / gas mixer, dedusting chamber and Gutsammelbehaelter in which the Gutstrom- / gas mixer has a Eintrittsoeffnung for propellant gas and a vertically arranged Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen which ends in the upper region of the accelerating tube and the wall of the acceleration tube forms an annular gap, wherein the acceleration tube protrudes centrally in its total length in the Entstaubungskammer dedusting and baffles, soz creates a dedusting between its end and the opening of the separating gas supply line and below the separating gas supply line a Gutsammelbehaelter is arranged with discharge lock. The method for dedusting is based on the present invention leadership or acceleration of foaming, separating and propellant gas and the dedusting granules.

Description

Title of the invention ;

Device and method for dedusting bulk materials, in particular granules of synthetic high polymers

Field of application of the invention :

The invention relates to a device, and a method for effective dedusting of bulk materials, preferably of granules of synthetic high polymers, for example of polyamides or polyesters. The invention can be applied to all manmade fiber manufacturers, where it is necessary to free the starting product for the production of synthetic fibers, threads and films from the adhering dust and dirt particles or sub-grain fractions.

The use of the device according to the invention and the application of the method is also possible in the grain industry and Filmindus trie.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

There are devices and methods are known in which the bulk or the granules of synthetic

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High polymers is separated according to the cascade principle of the entrained impurities and dust fractions. The granular material is passed in free fall through baffles installed in devices or other conducting devices. At the same time, the components to be eliminated are entrained and removed with a gas stream to be passed through the chips.

With these so-called wind sifts one achieves only one Entst.aubungsef ect of approx. 20 %.

In the method and the device according to DD-PS 54, a vibrating screen is used for dedusting. Here, the synthetic granulate passes through a Gutabscheider and a rotary valve on a slanted vibrating screen, where it is separated by Siebbewegung and the inert gas stream from the dust. The deposited impurities are discharged through the sieve bottom into a dust chamber.

Furthermore, it is known to carry out the dedusting of granules in so-called gravity or Freifallsichtern, Here the granules is passed in free fall in a vertically rising air or gas stream. By flushing the individual granules with the gaseous medium is to be achieved that the adhering to the granules body impurities are entrained by the air or gas stream.

The vertical component of the air velocity in this case may the .Schwegescheschwindigkeit the granules of about 4 - S m. s do not exceed, otherwise the granules will be entrained by the gas or air flow and passes together with the dust content in the arranged dust collector.

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By limiting the differential speed between the granules and the separating air stream, the granules of synthetic high polymers are not completely de-dusted because the physical properties of the synthetic high polymers, such as increased electrostatic charging, mean that most of the dust content is not distributed loosely between the granules. but sticks to these. To separate the dust particles from the granules certain breakaway forces are necessary, which can not be achieved with the gravity direction.

It is also known that to improve the Entstaubungsgrades the bulk materials are fed directly by means of pneumatic conveying a free fall classifier, so as to increase the differential speed between the granules and the separation medium. At the same time, the transport material speed of approx. 15 m / s is used to bind the goods to a certain limit speed and precise, granular-specific selectivity can not be achieved.

However, since the melt-spinning of polyamides and polyesters requires a melt which is substantially free of impurities, since otherwise spinning dysfunctions occur, which has a very negative effect on the quality of the threads and fibers to be spun and films or films to be cast, it is necessary to to effectively rid the granules of its dust content and other impurities prior to the processing process.

In the case of granules of synthetic high polymers, the dust constituents consist primarily of the abrasion of the granules themselves, which is adversely affected by the electrostatic charge on the granules.

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Object of the invention :

The aim of the invention is to provide a device and a Ver-_ drive, with which it is possible to free a bulk material, preferably granules of synthetic high polymers, such as polyamides and polyesters, of adhering dust and dirt, that the high quality Granules can be supplied largely purified the melting process. It should be a continuously and economically working device and a method, whereby a high dedusting effect is achieved. The degree of dedusting affects the quality of the spun threads and fibers as well as the cast films and foils. ·

Presentation of the essence of the invention :

The object of the invention is to develop a device and a process for the "dedusting of bulk materials, preferably of granules of synthetic high polymers, in which the separation forces necessary for the dedusting process can be achieved for the respective granulate product and are specifically adjustable a closed system, if necessary with the exclusion of oxygen in a protective gas flow. The device and the method should include known and new elements or process steps, whereby a high dedusting effect is achieved in a simple and economical manner.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that one uses a device for dedusting of bulk materials, in particular granules of synthetic high polymers, such as polyamides and polyesters, which consists of a Gutstrom- / gas mixer, a dedusting

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chamber and a Gutsammelbehälter is composed. The Gutstrom- / gas mixer has a connection opening for the incoming propellant gas and a vertically arranged Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen, which ends in the upper region of the acceleration tube, which extends into the Entstaubungskammer. The Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen forms with the wall of the acceleration tube an annular gap nozzle. The centrally arranged acceleration tube projects with its entire length into the de-dusting chamber, wherein the dedusting zone forms between its end and the outlet opening of the separating-gas feed line. The opening of the separating gas supply line may expediently be funnel-shaped. In the upper third of Entustaubungskammer baffles are arranged, it also has a dedusting for the discharge of dusty air. Below the separating gas supply line a Gutsammelbehälter is arranged directly with a discharge lock.

It makes sense to choose the diameter for the acceleration tube smaller than the diameter of the pneumatic conveying line, which leads to the Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen.

The lower part of the Gutstrom- / gas mixer and the Gutsammelbehälters can be made in a conical shape. The baffles are arranged in the upper third of Entustaubungskammer so that the ascending total flow is deflected by preferably 135 °. The distance between the baffles to each other is chosen so large that the floating speed of the bulk material between the baffles is just below as well as in the entire area of the dedusting.

The method for dedusting bulk materials with the device according to the invention is characterized

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net, that the material to be treated is pneumatically fed to the Gutstrom- / gas mixer, where it is combined with a propellant gas stream such that it receives in the downstream acceleration tube such a speed, which is far above the original speed and thus the bulk material with the required maximum speed in the dust removal zone occurs on a separation gas flow, wherein the adhering dust and dirt particles are separated from the debris. Good and sucked through the dedusting and the dusted bulk material is collected in the Gutsammelbehälter.

The blowing and separating gas for operating the system is expediently circulated and continuously cleaned.

If it is necessary to purify the bulk material in an acid-poor sphere, inert gas such as N "is used.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment.

In the accompanying drawing is in

Fig. 1: a section through the device with the flow chart of blowing and separating gas

shown.

From Figure 1 it can be seen that the device for dedusting bulk materials, in particular granules of synthetic high polymers from a Gutstrom- / gas mixer 4 / a dedusting 16 and a Gutsammelbehälter 14, wherein the Gutstrom- / Gasmiseher 4- a Anschlußöffnuna 20 for the

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Propellant gas and a vertically arranged Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen 7 has, which ends in the upper part of the acceleration tube 8 and forms an annular gap 6 with the wall of the acceleration tube 8, wherein the acceleration tube 8 extends centrally in its total length in the Entstaubungskammer 16 so far that between its lower end and the discharge opening of the separation gas supply line 12, a dedusting zone 9 is formed. The opening of the separating gas supply line 12 is funnel-shaped. In the dedusting zone 9, the complete separation of the dust and dirt particles from the product particles is achieved by the adjustable differential speed between the accelerated material to be conveyed and the separation gas stream. At the same time the good particles are braked and fall into the Gutsammelbehälter 14th

For safe separation of the granules from the Gesamtgutstrom are in the upper third of the dedusting between the outer wall of the Entstaubungskammer IS and the acceleration tube 8 baffles 21; 22 arranged so that any entrained by local flow channels granules through the total gas flow forced speed and direction changes are eliminated from the total gas flow and in the Gutsammelbehälter 14, which is designed in a conical shape and provided with a discharge lock 15 fall,

The effect of the plant is as follows:

From the granule 1 to be dedusted granules, preferably by means of a gas stream which is generated by a compressor 2, pneumatically fed via the feed line 3 to the Gutstrcm- / gas mixer 4. The propellant gas is preferably by means of the compressor 5 in the Gutstrom- / gas mixer 4 on the

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Connection opening 20 initiated. About the annular gap of the granulate stream and the propellant gas stream are combined., That no backflow can occur in Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen and the kinetic energy of the propellant gas is transmitted in the acceleration tube 8 on the Fördergutteilchen. This energy exchange causes the Fördergutteilchen be accelerated beyond their Fördergeschwindigk-eit (about 15 m. S) out. As a prerequisite for this, the diameter of the accelerating pipe 8 must be smaller than the diameter of the delivery pipe 3. The length of the acceleration tube 8 is dimensioned so that the material to be conveyed enters the dedusting zone 9 at maximum speed at the outlet opening. The entry speed of the granules to be dedusted into the dedusting zone 9 can be regulated by regulating the propellant gas flow via the control valve 10 in a well-specific manner depending on the desired or required degree of dedusting of the bulk material. In the dedusting zone 9, the granulate, which has been accelerated down to the desired entry velocity, to be dedusted, impinges on a separation gas stream, which is directed counter to the granulate material stream. This separation gas flow is brought by the compressor 11 in the propellant gas line 12 to the required separation rate, which is necessary to achieve the desired Entstaubungseffekt in the dedusting zone 9. In this case, the speed of the separation gas flow can be regulated by the control valve 13. Due to gravity, the dedusted granules fall into the Gutsammelbehälter 14 and from here it can be removed via the discharge lock 15, preferably a rotary valve.

The three partial gas streams, i. Conveying gas, propellant gas and separating gas flow ascend in the dedusting chamber 16 and leave it enriched with attrition

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and dust particles on the outlet nozzle 17. The free cross-section of the dedusting 16 is dimensioned immediately after the dedusting zone 9 so large that the speed of the total gas flow is below the levitation speed of the dedusting good.

In the upper third of Entstaubungskammer 16 immediately before the exit of the total gas flow from the outlet nozzle 17, the total gas flow through the baffles 21 and 22 by 100 - 150, preferably 135 °, deflected. The distance of the baffles 21; 22 from each other is so large that the floating speed of the dedusting granules is also below in the area between the baffles. The baffle 21 is designed so that the residual granules can fall into the Gutsammelbehälter 14 regardless of the rising total gas flow.

The intake pipes of the compressor 2; 5 and 11 are connected to the exhaust pipe 19 of the Entstaubungskammer IS, so that the entire process of Gutentstaubung in the circuit using inert gas, preferably N ", can be operated.

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Claims (8)

23724 4 Invention claims : 1. An apparatus for dedusting bulk materials, in particular of granules of synthetic high polymers, such as polyamides or polyesters, characterized in that it consists of a Gutstrom- / gas mixer (4), a Entstaubungskammer (16) and a Gutsammelbehälter (14), wherein the Gutstrom- / gas mixer (4) has a connection opening (20) for propellant gas and a vertically arranged Gutzufuhrrohrstutzen (7) which ends in the upper region of the acceleration tube (8) and with the wall of the acceleration tube (8) forms an annular gap nozzle (6) in which the acceleration tube (8) extends centrally in its entirety into the cylindrical dedusting chamber (16) with dedusting stubs (17) and guide plates (21, 22) such that a dedusting zone (9) between its end and the opening of the separating gas supply line (12) is formed and below the separating gas supply line (12). a Gutsammelbehälter (14) with discharge lock (15) is arranged. 2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that the diameter of the acceleration tube (.8) is smaller than the diameter of the pneumatic conveying line (3). - 11 - 237244 3. Device according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that the Gutstrom- / gas mixer (4) and the Gutstromsammelbehälter (14) is designed in a conical shape. 4. Device according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening of the separating gas supply line (12) widens funnel-shaped in the Entstaubungskammer (16). 5. The device according to item 1 to 4, characterized in that in the upper third of the Entstaubungskammer (16) the baffles (21; 22) are arranged such that the ascending total gas flow is deflected by preferably 135 °. 6. Device according to item 1 to 5, characterized in that the distance between the baffles (21; 22) from each other is so large that between the baffles (21; 22) is below the floating speed of the bulk material as well as in the region between the acceleration tube (8) and the baffle (21). 7. A method for dedusting bulk materials by means of the device according to item 1 to 6, characterized in that the bulk material to be treated pneumatically a Gutstrom- / gas mixer (4 ') supplied, and there combined with a propellant gas stream such that it in the downstream acceleration tube (8.) receives such a speed, which is increased well beyond the original Fördergutgeschwindigkeit, whereupon the bulk material with the required maximum speed in the dedusting zone (9) below the accelerating tube (8) to a separation gas flow occurs, the adhering dust and dirt particles from bulk goods .2 - 237244 6 are separated and sucked through the connection opening (20) and the dust-free bulk material in the Gutsammelbehälter (14) is collected. 8. A method for dedusting bulk materials according to item 1-7, characterized in that as the blowing and separating gas is an inert gas, which is circulated, driven. For this 1 page drawings - 13 -