DD159345A1 - PROCESS FOR PREVENTING FREEZING OF HIGH-WET CARVED SUPPLIES ON TRANSPORT - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing caking and freezing of high-moisture Schuettguetern to the inner surfaces of transport devices by applying a combination of release agent and inorganic deicing salt, which are applied in layers on the metallic Kontaktflaechen and the release agent layer as the lowest layer opposite the Schuettguetern a water-. and ice-repellent effect and the top layer, the salt salts, brings a freezing point-lowering effect. According to the invention, the object is achieved by applying as release agent a film-forming hydrophobic, polar, highly viscous hydrocarbon component, such as backings of petroleum processing, pyrolysis oil and tar distillation and residues with bitumen-like character as 1st and thus lower layer and as de-salt, halides of the alkali and / or alkaline earth metals as the 2nd and thus upper layer is applied.

Description

2304 5 9 7

Title of the invention

Method for preventing freezing of high-moisture solids on means of transport *

C 09 K 3/18

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a combined with Tausalzen release agent for producing a water- and ice-repellent and thawing release layer on surfaces of transport facilities, that the sticking, but especially the freezing of high-moisture bulk materials preferably lime crude lignite, sands, gravel, clay-containing overburden u »a up to Temperatures of - 35 ⁰ C prevents «*»

The release agent combination is applied by means of special application methods on the metal surfaces of the transport device, wherein immediately after the loading can take place ₀

Due to the closed salt surface, a long-term effectiveness against high-moisture bulk solids and low temperatures is achieved. "The possible circulation of transport equipment is between 10 and 50", depending on the nature and composition of the bulk material and the weather conditions.

^^ BisX & r ^^^^^ & ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Known methods for preventing the caking and freezing of moist bulk materials to the inner surfaces of the transport devices increasingly use release agents of organic origin, mainly mixtures of products of the earth

2304 5 9 7

Oil industry and the coke chemical industry with active components of other industries with these mixtures a water and sometimes ice-repellent effect but not a freezing point reduction is achieved ·

Due to the insufficient solubilities, admixtures of the aforementioned blends are only possible in very small amounts and thus ineffective special release agents with high anti-icing contents on the basis of higher polyhydric alcohols © higher polyether alcohols "higher polyether alcohols " * salts and / or free Acids of polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic acid, etc.

are not used due to unavailable quantities, high prices and in some cases insufficient effectiveness, especially at high moisture contents and / or low application temperatures for bulk bulk materials.

Inorganic salts or their aqueous solutions are frequently used for thawing snow and ice on the roads, sidewalks and bridges »They have the disadvantage that they become ineffective with the entering thinning by the melt water and at temperatures below - 10 ⁰ C freezing no more

prevent · j) D_p 2 759 666 DE-P 2 709 299 Austria 2 295 477 DE-P 2 517 618 DE-P 1 200 221 United States 3 906 140 , DE-P 1 107 558 United States 3 833 504 DE-P 658 389 DE-P 459 652 Switzerland 566 384

230459 7

The dissociation of the salts in aqueous solutions gives rise to strong corrosion damage which can only be reduced even by admixing inhibitors.

DE-P 306 782 '

DE-P 2 161 522

DE-P 1 918 755

DB-P 1 658 389

DE-P 1 459 664

DD-P '96 723

Austria 295 477

¹¹ 306 782

In many countries, these disadvantages led to the termination of the application. Furthermore, the use of salts and their solutions is restricted to horizontal surfaces only, since the salt trickles down or runs down from sloping and vertical walls. This well-known fact has led to frostbite in these areas, especially in the transport of moist bulk materials in transport facilities such as wagons, trucks, etc.

US Pat. Nos. 4,094,686 and 4,012,537 describe the use of a de-icing bituminous gypsum as a wearing course on an asphalt road in which the de-icing salts coated with bitumen can only take effect after exposure to heavy mechanical stress Haarteil that only a small portion of Tausalze when effective, and therefore a freezing point-lowering effect only up to - 7 ⁰ C occurs.

2304 5 9

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to provide an economical and up to - 35 ⁰ C effective method for preventing caking and freezing of highly moist and capillary-active bulk materials with different particle size distribution to the inner surfaces of the transport devices based on a combination of release agent salt layer indicate that a good Separation effect, retains its ice-, water-repellent and thawing effect for as many means of transport as possible and causes no corrosion damage «

Explanation of the essence of the invention;

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method that allows to apply a combination of release agent with its ice and water repellent effect and a thawing salt with its freezing 'protection effect, the caking and freezing of high moisture and / or capillary active bulk materials to the Interior surfaces of transport facilities prevented

Surprisingly, it has been found that when a thawing salt of crystalline structure is applied to a film-forming, highly viscous hydrocarbon component so that most of the surface is not enveloped by the film-forming component, the desired water and ice repellency and at the same time a cryoprotective effect up to temperatures of - 35 ° C shows «

The film-forming high-viscosity hydrocarbon component consists of a bitumen grade B _{? Oo} , but may also consist of similar products with a softening point - 55 ⁰ C, wherein they at temperatures around - 35 ⁰ C.

23045 9 7

still have plastic properties »

The de-icing salt used is of crystalline structure, with a particle size of 1 - 3 μ being the most suitable · Halides of alkaline-earth and alkali salts are predominantly used ·

The amount of de-icing salt applied as 2 × layer is 500-1500 g / m ² , predominantly 800-900 g / m ² . The bituminous layer applied as an adhesive (1 © layer) should protect the metal walls against corrosion damage and the salt crystals on the vertical and sloping walls of the means of transport. Depending on the requirements, between 0.1 and 3 mm, its thickness is mainly 1 m.

It is a special feature of the invention that only in this combination, the desired effect up to - 35 ⁰ C is achieved in high-moisture solids · Significant advantages are that the stated combination for many rounds of Sansporteinrichtungen remains effective and each layer can be regenerated by itself is, with usually only the 2 x layer must be renewed after the wear *

The following example is intended to explain the process according to the invention in more detail:

Example;

The film-forming high-viscosity hydrocarbon component for the 1-layer (adhesive layer) is a residue of petroleum processing, which was obtained in the vacuum distillation. This has the following quality properties:

230459 7

penetration ¹ / 1O mm 170 softening ⁰ C 42 breaking point ⁰ C - 16 ductility mm £ 90 paraffin content ma% 2.5

This residue on the metallic surface of the transport means as adherent 1 ₀ layer of approximately "1 mm in thickness applied on these solidifying and / or hardening layer, the crystalline deicing salt (rock salt) is applied as the second layer, so that a closed layer of salt is formed, wherein only a part of each crystal penetrates into the adhesive layer and is held in such a way "The amount of the applied de-icing salt is about 800 g / m ² . After the order of the 2 * shift, the means of transport is ready for use.

Claims (4)

2304 5 9? W invention claim 1) Process for preventing caking and freezing of high-moisture bulk materials on means of transport by using a combination of release agents and inorganic salts, wherein the release agent of a film-forming, hydrophobic, polar, highly viscous hydrocarbon component and the salt of halides of alkali and / or or alkaline earth metals, characterized in that the highly viscous, film-forming hydrocarbon component as / -Ν 1 · layer on the metallic surface of the ^ Transport agent applied and the salt as the upper crystalline second layer is firmly adhering as possible closed salt surface is applied to the release agent, wherein the crystals are not completely enveloped. 2.) Process according to item 1, characterized in that as a film-forming hydrocarbon component residues of petroleum processing, pyrolysis \ oil and tar distillation and residues with bitumenartigem character be used by 20 ⁰ C do not have plastic properties at temperatures " 2304 5 9 7 3.) Process according to item 1, characterized in that the inorganic de-icing salt is crystalline and / or granular, has a particle size between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably T - 3 mm and both pure salts and mixtures of the alkali and alkaline earth metal salts , predominantly halides, in particular chlorides. 4) Method according to item 1, characterized in that a new salt layer can be applied after wear or consumption of the salt layer without renewing the lower layer. For this 1 page drawing!