DD149566A5 - RECYCLING AND COOLING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the heating or cooling treatment of wet solids, powders, slurries, suspensions, pastes and slurries, in particular for the release of wetted, wetted materials with low moisture content. The invention proposes a relatively simple and extremely economical device which, in continuous operation, has a favorable heat efficiency at low temperatures, the solvents being recyclable and reusable and additional filters (dust filters) not required. The essence of the invention is a specific structural design of a horizontally arranged treatment drum having a first hollow frusto-conical portion I and a portion II consisting of hollow polygonal segments joined together in a continuous zig-zag line. This results in a higher residence time of the goods in the drum at very intense reciprocation and constant exchange of Waermeuebertragungsflaechen.

Description

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Screening and cooling device

Field of application of the invention:

The invention relates to a device for ürwämung- (ileus) or cooling treatment, especially of wet solids, pulps, slurries, suspensions, pastes and slurries, particularly sun liberating solvent-wetted lumpy granular materials with low Peuchtigkeitsgehalt of their [liquid ( Drying) involves reducing its "flow rate to it under vacuum, by pre-vatting / curing pasty or mushy materials by heating to boiling, freezing solid, especially chunky soft, I. materials, especially fruits and small ones animal organs, as well as recovering de3 pesticide content of solutions by crystallization.

; Lt ; M 1 η η η r · η r-.

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Characteristic of the known technical solutions.

For example, for the leaching of lumpy solid materials wetted with solvents, horizontally-oriented, horizontally-cylindrical devices heated from outside through the Y / and are used (J.H. PERRl: Chemical Engineers' Handbook, page 1 712). The solvent removed from the solid material by vacuum evacuation during drying is removed from the top of the apparatus. The operation of the rotary drum drying apparatus in which a vacuum can be established is intermittent and its loading and unloading are cumbersome. Its scope of application is limited as it can only be used to dry easily sliding, non-adherent particulate materials. The material may stick to the inner surface of the cylinder, thereby forming a y-ring inhibiting layer, and thus the thermal utilization of the device is relatively unfavorable. The rotation of the drum with lumpy to dry material requires a relatively high energy.

In order to recover solvent remaining in the solid material after extracting animal matter or plant ground stock with solvents, equipment for solvent removal by evaporation is used. Such is, for example, in "Paper of Pharm." (USSR), 8/1966/, pages 27 to 30. The solvent-containing solid material is continuously made into a paste with warm water, and the slurry thus obtained is fed into the uppermost cylinder of a set of superposed double-walled heatable cylinders. The

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solid material leaves the bottom cylinder free of solvents. The released solvents emerge from the top of each individual cylinder. In the interior of the cylinders, there is a rotary transporting mechanism on the basis of a conveyor, the object of which is, on the one hand, to improve the heat transfer and, on the other hand, to transport the solid material in the longitudinal direction with the stirring. Y / feed is through the vapor and / or vapor introduced into the suspended solid I.Iaterial. The disadvantage of this device is, inter alia, that the risk of being defective on the basis of a screw conveyor 'is large, since the vegetable ground material may also brittle lumpy I.Iaterial, such as stones utfd Metallstückc may contain, which in the course of conveying between the beak and the bark can be clipped, which brings the auger to style and can break the propulsion. Turning the auger requires a significant power, the transmission of heat and the y / noise utilization are unfavorable.

Al3 crystallizer is the one in the book of Dr. med. I.Iucsky Läszlö, "Kristalyositas" ("crystallizing"), Llüszaki Könyvkiaüö, 1971, page 151 described with Gortierelement and screw. The ortiOElement the Kühlkristallisiervorrichtung has a sloping trough-shaped bottom, at the lower part of which settle the larger crystals. These are challenged by the hollow with the snail. The mother liquor flowing down from the sorting elements together with smaller crystals flows back into the mother liquor container and from there again enters the refrigeration cycle. This device has the disadvantage that the nature and method of sorting 3 in two fractions, viz

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the pumped out with the screw and the rait the mother liquor recycled material, cumbersome or difficult, v / eil the control or sorting must be ensured by controlling the speed of the flowing medium, but at the same time the crystallization itself is a puncture of the flow velocity. .

In the food industry there is a need dft on freezing of lumpy material a soft consistency, and small bodies of the meat industry and fruit with softer flesh, the time / irbelschicht be used for this purpose G _e frietunnel or freezers with Y. In the former, the moving of the material from the introduction to the discharge takes place with a specially trained band and the freezing is carried out by the removal of heat by the cold air flowed over the material; in the latter, the cold liquid passes through the solid aggregate of material and it moves the material during freezing, 3 thereby increasing the rate of cooling.

Aim of the invention

The invention is based on the object, while eliminating the ITachteile of the prior art, a device for heating 3 (heating) or cooling treatment, especially of wet solids, turbidities, slurries, suspensions, pastes and slurries, especially for freeing with solvents -wintered particulate granular materials with low moisture content of their. Liquid (drying) or reduce their content of it under vacuum, for pre-dewatering pasty or mushy materials by heating to boiling, for freezing solid, especially lumpy white

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materials, in particular fruit and small animal organs, as well as recovering the solids content of solutions by crystallization, with which these treatments are carried out in continuous largely trouble-free operation in the changed operating conditions, easily adapting, and with superior heat utilization and reduced energy requirement can, wherein in the case of drying or freeing of solvent-wetted solid I.Iaterialien from the solvent or reducing their solvent content under vacuum, a solvent and / or ve Eiterverarbeitung appro priate, optionally recoverable as waste, solid material is obtained and in Case of pre-dewatering slaughterhouse waste by heating to boil resulting in a germ-depleted solid material.

D arle ^ unr; of the V / c-sons of the lfiridun.- ··:

The above has surprisingly been achieved by the invention.

The invention is based on the surprising discovery that, when the device has a horizontally or nearly horizontally rotatable horizontally disposed closed elongated hollow body, which is divided into two parts in turn, that the first portion of a frustoconical or truncated pyramidal portion and the second portion are formed on the former eccentric and to each other sawtooth connected, useful prism-shaped parts with polygonal cross-section, while ensuring the. Heating and cooling of the device and the establishment of a vacuum in the residence time

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the material in the treatment room is substantially increased, whereby it is in continuous very intense forward and backward movement during its progression from the point of its insertion towards the point of its exit, with the result that on the one hand the wall transfer surface is constantly renewed and on the other hand the treated clay material at the largest possible surface intensively receives the heat or cold. Thus, for example, with a heating medium of relatively low temperature effective drying can be achieved.

The invention therefore relates to a device for heating (heating) or cooling treatment, in particular of moist solid substances, pulps, sludges, suspensions, pastes and slurries, especially for liberating solvent-wetted lumpy granular materials with low moisture content from their liquid (Drying) or reducing their content of them under vacuum, for the pre-dewatering of paste or mushy LIaterialien by heating to boiling, for freezing solid, especially lumpy soft LIaterialien, especially fruit and small animal organs, as well as gaining the Feststoffgohaltes of solutions Crystallization with a rotatable hollow treatment body, supply and introduction elements for the addition of 3-way introduction of the luateriala 'to be treated into the interior of the treatment corpora, elements for removal

guiding the treated material from the treatment body and elements for introducing heating or cooling medium in the areas of the outer surfaces of the treatment body, which is characterized in that the hollow treatment body has two sections, of which the first section to a horizontal or almost horizontal geometric longitudinal center axis wirable

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lying horizontally arranged truncated or pyramid Btumpfförmige treatment drum whose dumbbell or side plates and end plates of a solid material, advantageously a metal plate are made by the smaller face plate opens into its interior a material introduction tube and its larger end plate eccentric with respect to the longitudinal center axis arranged at which, the latter of the first portion of Beliandlungskörpers, that is the Behurrlungatrommel together rotatable second portion of the treatment body with at least three elongated, suitably prism-shaped hollow Belian mediate opening members whose side surfaces of a solid material, suitably a metal plate, are manufactured and the geometric longitudinal central axis together form a zigzag line and the geometric longitudinal center axis dor Bchandlungotrommel, which the common axis of rotation of the e The treatment portion forming the second portion of the treatment granulator is connected to the portion of the treatment body forming the second portion of the treatment device and is connected outside the treatment drum

t.

Preferably, the traction drum is frusto-conical.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, as elements a for introducing heating or cooling medium into the areas of the outer surfaces of the treatment body along the outer surfaces of the treatment drum and the treatment members closed spaces, which together in the passage of the heating or cooling medium V / eise, in particular through pipes, are connected and of which mit.zumindest one or a respective heating relationship as cooling medium introduction tube is connected-and with

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at least one or a respective heating or Kühlmediumabführungsrohr for discharging the heating or cooling used for heating or cooling medium, optionally condensate, is arranged.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention 13t as an element for introducing heating or cooling medium in the areas of the outer surfaces of the treatment body to the outer surfaces of the processing drum and the treatment members a closed, suitably the shape of a reclining cylinder having container for receiving Heating or cooling medium, in particular Danpf or cooling liquid arranged, wherein the treatment granules rotatably in this container and the interior of the Behälfcrs eren the heating or cooling medium is stored.

Preferably, the device according to the invention comprises means for passing gaseous ileic or cooling medium through the interior of the treatment body in countercurrent to the direction of progression of the material to be treated. As a result, the heating or cooling effect is increased.

It is also preferred that the means for passing gaseous cooling medium comprise a pipe connected to a fan and connected to the interior of the treatment body and a cooler incorporated therein.

Furthermore, agitating stirring blades or plates are preferably arranged in the frusto-conical treatment drum in the vicinity of their lateral surface.

Furthermore, the stirring blades or plates are advantageously connected to a drive arranged to rotate in the opposite direction of rotation, such as the rotating drum of the treatment drum and deviating speed.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, a vacuum generating device is attached to the interior of the treatment body. closed, wherein the LIaterialzuführungs- and I.Iaterialabführungselemente, in particular metering elements with cells, are gas-tightly incorporated into the device.

Also, the I.Iatcrialeinführungsmentmentmecmente advantageously comprise an I.Iaterial'einführungsörderschnecko sum! Introducing the treated material in the treatment drum.

Preferably, the elongated hollow treatment members have a v-section, suitably sehcseckigen, cross-section. He can also be circular.

It is also preferred that the opening in the larger face plate of the treatment drum is formed in the immediate vicinity of its periphery.

Further, it is preferred that the treatment body at least at a JDnde, expediently at the outlet end, in a rotatable with him camp, which is stored in a fixed bearing, stored in the camps holes and one or more hat, which are for periodically Inverbindungkommen each other and are thus adapted to allow the passage of heating or cooling medium, are formed, and between the rotatable bearing and at least one closed space, a pipe is arranged for laterally conveying cooling medium.

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According to a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the enclosed space surrounding the treatment drum and / or one or more of the elements surrounding the treatment elements are connected for introducing heating or cooling medium of a different temperature.

Preferably, the stirring blades or plates are attached to arms which are connected to an axis connected to the drive, which is guided through the tube axis of the IJaterialeinführungselementes, in particular the Uaterialeinführungsförderschnecke, in the interior of the treatment drum.

The applications and the advantages of the device according to the invention are summarized as follows:

The drying of solvent-wetted, low moisture moisture-sensitive particulate granular materials in continuous operation can be achieved because of the high heat transfer surface area and low thermal efficiency at low temperature, and the solvent is recoverable and recyclable and does not contaminate the environment , Since the drying space of the treatment body is completely closed, there is no risk of dusting and a dust filter is not required.

The device according to the invention can be used very advantageously for attenuation. For example, when extracting a mixture consisting of solid liquid (solvent) phases in the extracted solid material or bulk material, for example extracted animal organs or technical components.

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industrial plants, a significant amount of solvent remaining, which must be removed for reasons of economy and / or environmental protection from the solid material, which can be achieved in the device according to the invention under vacuum in continuous operation v / earth. This operation has the following main advantages:

Apart from the water for the external heating medium, there is no consumption of water since no steam distillation is used.

The solvent-freed solid Uaterial is dry, so that it is usable without special further treatment and does not enter the Gemeindekanalisationssystem and the environment is not contaminated.

The steam ratio used for external heating is about half that required in the known steaming apparatuses, since the specific heat transfer area and the heat transfer coefficient are much higher than the usual ones, and also the urgency of heating the water is eliminated.

Also, the consumption of cooling water makes up at most half de3 in the known devices for similar purposes, since, inter alia, no condensation of entrained with solvent vapors steam is required.

Much lower is the consumption of electrical energy, about one-third of that in the known devices

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for similar purposes resulted because in the latter for conveying the suspension and the solid Liateriales in Ausdämpfkörper a significant expenditure of energy is required.

The drug does not have to be brought into the brei or paste form in its own devices, dehydrated and dried.

Y / egen all these factors are the specific space requirements and the investment and operating costs in the device according to the invention substantially lower.

Also, pre-dewatering of mixed byproducts, eg of slaughterhouses, by heating to boiling point and partial dewatering of solid material, can advantageously be achieved with the device according to the invention. For this purpose, it is expedient to bring the material into the wide or pasty state by appropriate pretreatment.

The advantages of the use of the device according to the invention for heating to boiling arise primarily also on the already mentioned specifically large transfer surface and the favorable degree of vapor efficiency. The device is of a simple construction, its space requirement is low, the material does not adhere to its surface, it is easy to clean, and its associated investment and operating costs are less than those of the known devices for similar purposes ,

The device according to the invention is also useful, for example, in food industry for the economic freezing of lumpy materials of soft consistency, for example

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fruit with "soft meat and small organs of the meat industry applicable here also shows the advantage of the favorable V / mermeübergangszahl, the easy cleanability and the fact that on the one hand thanks to the gentle movement of material and the delicate materials with softer meat are freezing without breaking and on the other hand, due to the forward and backward sliding movement in the device, no sticking to the wall and no deposition occur.

With the apparatus according to the invention crystallization tasks, the continuous production of supersaturated solutions by cooling or heating, as well as ensuring partial crystal growth, can also be solved economically. As a result of the gentle material movement, the resulting crystals are not comminuted and sticky not together, in the device is no deposition, in that the crystal slurry or the crystal or the crystal which is in forward and backward sliding movement, the surface opens, because of the constant Bwegung

Keine occurs no local supersaturation of the mother liquor in the vicinity of the crystal surface and finally, the Y / Ümme transition number by stirring the mother liquor is cheaper.

The device according to the invention can be used for any of the above applications, in each case the favorable specific, Yäriaeübertragungswert, the fully closed continuous operation, the high degree of reliability, the elimination of environmental problems, the extensive satisfaction of hygiene requirements and finally the fact that Device both in terms of investment as

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Also associated with the operation with excellent low cost, great benefits mean.

.Au s f Uh r u η, n; sb e i sp i e Ie;

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following exemplary statements in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Here are:

Pig. 1: the representation of a deliverable,

Coolable and Vacuum-Operated Form of the Apparatus According to the Invention in Vertical Section Through the Geometric Longitudinal Center,

Pig. 2: the cross section through the in Pig. I

illustrated Ausführungsforin the device according to the invention along the line A - A,

Pig. , 3: the cross section through the in Pig. I shown embodiment of the inventive device along the line B-B,

Pig. 4: the cross section through the in Pig. I

illustrated Ausführungshorn.der device according to the invention along the line G-C,

Pig. 5: the representation of another embodiment of the device according to the invention, whose sections are separated from each other

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Lockable closed spaces for the heating or cooling medium to bring to different temperatures and are to be placed under vacuum, also in the vertical longitudinal section.

Fig. 6: the representation of a further Ausfüh-. tion form of the device according to the invention, which is heated and cooled from the inside and / or outside, - also in the vertical longitudinal section,

Pig. 7 shows the illustration of a still further embodiment of the device according to the invention, which contains a cooling liquid which can be moved with a pulsator, has the container likewise in vertical longitudinal section,

and

Pig. δ: the representation of another embodiment of the device according to the invention, which has a sealed vapor container and is settable under vacuum, also in vertical longitudinal section.

In the Pig. 1 to 4, a hollow treatment body 1 has two successive sections I, II. The first section I is formed by a horizontally arranged frustoconical fünrnigen or truncated pyramid treatment drum 2. And the second section II consists of four treatment members, 3,

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4, 5, 6. These latter are rural and interior hollow bodies of regular hexagonal cross-section whose barbs are formed of solid (not perforated) sheet material. The treatment strelter 2 and the treatment members 3> 4) 5 »6 are rigidly connected with each other and have a common horizontal geometric axis of rotation X,? / Elche. in the pig. 1 is shown with a dashed line and at the same time the I.iittel- and rotation axis of. lying horizontally arranged treatment drum 2, that is the common horizontal Drehliingsachse of the whole • treatment body 1 is.

The dumbbell or the side plates 9 and the Stirnplatten'7, 8 of the treatment drum 2 are made of solid (not perforated Belch); the Strinplatten 7, 3 of circular or regular hexagon shape are arranged vertically. In the region of the center of the smaller end plate 7, a circular LIaterialeinführungsöffnung 12 is formed, through which in the Innenrauni the BGhandlungstror.ir.iel 2 a luaterialeinführungsförderschnecke 11 with a tube axis 13 of a Ilaterialeinführungsmechanisnus 10 opens. Through the tube axis 13, a rotatable shaft 14 is guided in the interior of the treatment drum 2. At the inner linden the rotatable shaft 14 arms 15 are attached. At the outer end of the arms 15 are stirring blades or plates 1β, which extend in the strokes of the inner surface of the iJantels or the side plates 9 to this or this parallel. The stirring blades or plates 1β are rotatable in the direction of the arrow tv ρ, which is also the speed of rotation. The direction of rotation of the stirring blades ο COE or plates 16 of the direction of rotation of the whole treatment bj -j_ body 1 is counteracted

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and also the speed values are different. The "tube axis 13 of the I.Iaterialeinführungsförderschnecke 11 is connected to a drive 17 and guided through the tube axis 13 rotatable shaft 14 with another drive 18.

The I.'aterialeinführungsförderschnecke 11 has as I.Iaterialeinführungsrobr a Robrförmos stationary arranged housing 6l ^ ⁿ welcbes a bearing 19 is rigidly fixed; At this Larger 19 another bearing 20 is rotatably mounted. The bearing 20 is rigidly connected to the outer end plate 7 of the treatment drum 2 and is thus rotatable with it. '

In the housing 6l of J.Iaterialeinführungsförderschnecke

11 opens through an opening 25 a container 21 for introducing and allocating dc3 to be treated I.'ateriuliea. Above the opening 25 is a metering element 22 with inlays, on the axis 24 of which an attachment 23a of rotation of the metering element 22a is closed, with an opening of CO 3. For example, with the help of the elemental elements 22 and cells and the introduction of the material, humidified solid materials or pastes may be introduced into the materials, solutions, muds, or sludges into the brothlstroms be introduced.

In the larger one, that is, the I.iaterial introduction opening;

12, the circular or hexagonal face plate S of the truncated conical or truncated pyramidal treatment drum 2 is formed with an opening 26 of regular hexagonal shape, which is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the geometric longitudinal center axis X , specifically in such a way that the one tip of the regular hexagon on the circumference of the circle or at the

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The tip of the regular hexagon, which is the cross-section of the larger end plate 8, as seen in Pig. Suitably, the cross-sectional area of the opening 26 is at most half the cross-sectional area of the end plate 3.

The sheaths 27, 28, 29, 30 of the prism-shaped actuators 3, 4, 5, 6 forming the second section II of the treatment body 1 are formed by solid (non-perforated) flat plates, which are connected airtight to one another. Each treatment member 3, 4, 5, 6 has its own doubled, that is, outer walls, 31, 32, 33, 34, which with the dumbbells 27, 28, 29, 30 closed spaces 35, 36, 37, 33 form. Also, the Llantel 9 of Behandlungstroinnel 2 is carried out with a doubling, that is, that the 2 Behandlungstronnel an outer V / _t o2 and which with the weight 9 forms a closed space o2> has. The adjacent closed spaces 63, 35, 36, 37, 33 are interconnected by arcuate tubes 39. For pulling these closed spaces 63, 35, 36, 37, 33 · with a heating or cooling medium, optionally in condensate form, is a cooling medium inlet tube 42 and for discharging it heating or Kühlraediumabführungsrohre 43, 44 are arranged. So that gets into the inside of the treatment drum 2 and the treatment members 3, 4 _S 5, 6 introduced LIaterial by the V / ände 9, 31, 32, 33, with claddings 62, 27, 28, 29, 30 by heat conduction, the. required for heating or cooling V / ärmemenge or temperature.

The last treatment member 6 of the second section II of the treatment body 1 ends in a ring 43, the opening 47 opens into the outlet space 45 of a Llaterialabführungskastens 46. The ring 48 is rotatable by a bearing 40, which together with the treatment body 1

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is formed. The rotatable bearing 40 is mounted in a fixedly arranged other annular bearing 41 which is rigidly secured to the side wall 49 of the Llaterialabführungskaotens 46. The opening 47 changes from the polygonal cross-section into a circular cross-section, as shown in the Pig. 3 and 4 can be seen.

The heating or Kühlmcdiumeinführrohr 42 opens into a arranged in the stationary annular bearing 41 gear 64, v / elcher with a arranged in the rotary bearing 40 gear 65 is in communication. The gear 64 arranged in the stationary annular bearing 41 can be formed by a longitudinal groove and the gear 65 arranged in the rotary bearing 40 by a transverse bore. When these come to coincide with the rotation of the Lajera 40, the V / eg do3 becomes the heating or cooling medium.:! to the arcuate tube 39 which is open in the closed space 32 of the last drilling glass C, similar passages 64 ¹ , 65 ¹ are also formed in the bearings 20, 19 on the side on which the I.Iatorialeiniührungsfördercchnocke is located. This generally serves for discharging the heating or cow medium and allows any imports of heating or cooling medium also from the bypass duct 2.

Insofar as it is necessary 'int, also known per se (not shown) embodiment for feeding the closed Raune 35, 36, 37, 33 are used with heating or cooling medium, wherein at each closed space 35, 36, 37 , 33 - a separate heating or Kühlinediumeinführungsrohr set up to rotate with the treatment body 1 is connected, through which ISinführungsrohre at different temperatures located heating or cooling medium, introduced into the various closed spaces 35, 36, 37, 38

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be, whereby the temperature of the Behandlungsstronrmel 2 and the treatment members 3, 4, 5, 6 of the respective procedural or technological task according to any value-can be adjusted.

The Liaterialabführungskasten 46 has opposite its already mentioned vertical side wall 49 at a distance from her also vertical and parallel to it another side wall 50. The of the side walls 49, 50 of Haterialabführungskastens 46 enclosed exit space 45 is closed by a lid 51, of which a over the geometrical Drehlängsmittelachse X arranged pipe socket 52 opens aach outside. At the outlet space 45 is below a pipe socket 53, in which an allocation element 54 is installed with cells connected. The axle 55 de3 Zuteilelementea 54 is mounted in Y.'aufaufbau the pipe socket 53 and to a drive 5S for rotating the metering element 54 at an angular velocity

CU λ connected. The upper pipe socket 52 serves to remove the vapors or steam released during the processes taking place in the device, while the solid material, for example a crystal slurry, exits through the lower pipe socket 53.

In the rear side wall 50 of the I.Iaterialabführungskasten3 46 is a centrally located bearing 59, in which? an axle 58 is mounted. Da3 in the exit space 45 reaching inner end of the so-mounted axis 53 is rigidly connected via a dashed lines shown rods 57 having poles with dom rotatable bearing 40 at the end of the last treatment member β and the outer other linde said shaft 58 is connected to a drive 60 connected so that by turning the said axis 58 of the entire treatment body. 1

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is rotatable. The direction of rotation and, at the same time, the angular velocity are indicated by the arrow 6j j_ . Said axis 58 fills with the geometric axis of rotation "X".

The first-prism-shaped treatment member 3 of the second section II of the treatment body 1 is connected to the opening 26 of the treatment drum 2 in such a way that its geometric length X, with which. Y / right inclines a vertex <O ₁ and the common horizontal longitudinal axis X outside of the third stage 2 intersects the georadiometric axis X2 of the next uninsurable treatment member. ': A olo6o, the geometric Lllngomittelachse X ^ of the third pricncnfornigen Bohandlungsglicdoc 5 includes nit of, 7in!' Horizontal a a V / inkel dj 3, and the geometric Lüngcnittclachse X _n .of last Behandlungsglicdos 4 closes with "V / aagerechten a -des 6 concludes with the V / aagcrechten a V / inkel d / a, so also intersect the geometric LLLngsr.iittelachsen ₀ X> X "X _{n is} the geometric Drehllingsmittolachse X outside dor Behandlungatrommel 2. thus, the geometric form I / ingsmittclachsen X · ^, X2 'X3, X _{n is} a zigzag line. The prismonförmigen Bchandlungsglieder 3, 4, 5, that are, as ß sahnungsartig connected to each other, of course, they have a common interior space.

The inner surfaces, which come into contact with the material to be treated or treated, of the stubble-shaped or pyramid-shaped treatment drum 2 and the prism-shaped treatment members 3, 4, 5, 6 are made of an acrylic material which adheres or Sticking the treated or treated LIatoriales prevented on the surface, made; this purpose can be for

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Example serve a Polytetrafluoräthylenfutter.

The formation of cells 22, 54 with cells is such that a vacuum can be maintained during rotation, supply and discharge in the interior of the device. The device which establishes the vacuum and the type and connection of its connection are known per se, for which reason they are not shown.

The treatment members 3, 4, 5, & are rigidly assembled together with the treatment drum 2 from the geometric rotational center axis Zi upwards and downwards in a vertical plane with the aid of a built-in mechanism about an angle β.

The following is the proof of the don-Pig. I to 4 illustrated embodiment of the invention apparatus in connection with the continuous drying of a solvent-wetted lumpy K'örnigen I.Iaterialcrj low moisture content under vacuum described.

By switching on the drives 17, IC, 23, 60, 56, the metering elements 22, 54 are put into operation with cells and the I.Iaterialeinführungsförderschnecke 11 and set the whole treatment grains 1 in rotation and built in the closed interior of a vacuum. The vegetable drug containing a solvent, for example benzene, becomes in the direction of the arrow a in the container

21 for introducing and allocating the I.Iateriales to be treated out and with the help of the associated allocation element

22 promoted with cells and the llaterialeinführungsförderschnecke in the Beh a dlung-s drum 2. The heating medium, for example steam, is heated by the heating method

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Kühlmediumeinführrohr 42 in the closed spaces: - 38, 37, 36, 35, 63 introduced and 'the temperatures are adjusted so that in the first section I of the treatment body 1, the drug is heated to about 80 ⁰ G. The turning of the treatment drum 2 and the stirring blades or plates 16 in the opposite direction leads to continuous vigorous Durchnischen of the so heat-treated Llateriales, so that a large part of the solvent-containing vapors already in the first section I of the treatment body 1 separates from the solid LIaterial, vvelchletsteres of the rotating treatment drum 2 is continuously introduced into the first nrisnenförmo treatment member 3 de3 second portion II of the treatment body 1. This I.Iaterial is maintained in the second section II of Behandlungskörpcrs 1 at a temperature of 8O ⁰ C. As a result of the rotation with the V / inkelgeschwindigkeit (^, the I.Iaterial moved in the second section II of the Bchandlungskörpers 1 during its .Portochreiten3 forward and backward and is engaged with the heated Pläche in constant intensive contact with them constantly cleans and so For example, in the second section II of the treatment body 1, the material resides for about 15 to 20 minutes, expelling a solvent content.

The movement of the solid material in the treatment body 1 is illustrated by the arrows a and the flow of vapors through the arrows "0", which can be seen on the right side of Fig. 1, and the solid freed from the solvent i.iaterial down through the lower pipe socket 53 and the steam through the upper pipe socket 52 upwards.This latter is recyclable after condensation - and the solvent-free a dry

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material content of practically about 100 % containing drug is also recyclable.

The illustrated in the Fig. 5 embodiment of the device according to the invention v / eicht of the pig. 1 to 4 only in that the temperature of the treatment section 1 forming the first section I of the treatment granule 1 can be set to a temperature other than the temperature a of the treatment sections 3, 4, 5, 6 of the second section II of the treatment element 1 , To the treatment drum 2 surrounding closed Raun 63 is connected via a connecting pipe 70 and in the already described V / eise by the bearings 20, 19, a heating or cooling medium introduction pipe 69, the temperature of the introduced by this heating or cooling medium course of the Temperature of the by the other heating or cooling medium introduction tube 42 into the closed RLLumo 33, 37, 36> 35 do3 second section II of the treatment body 1 introduced heating or cooling medium. ^ May vary · In the tube axis 13, a further tube 66 is arranged is guided through the whole Bohandlungatromnel 2 and whose from the larger face plate C of the treatment drum 2 outstanding holes exhibiting end bearing is mounted in a bearing 67, wolchlotztoros is also provided with holes, is arranged for rotation about the further tube 66 and a Hoia- or Kühlme Diumabführungsrohrleitung 63 with the closed space 63, which surrounds the Bchandlungstrommel 2, is connected. The spent heating or cooling medium, for example condensate, coming out of this closed space 63 passes through said heating or cooling medium drainage pipe 60 into the rotating bearing 67 and through its bores and the bores of the further pipe 66

2197 88

this, through which it exits. The closed space 35 surrounding the treatment member 3 of the second section II of the treatment body 1 connected directly to the treatment drum 2 branches off a heating or cooling medium discharge pipe 71 and is connected to the other pipe 66 at its outer end consumed Hela or cooling medium, such as condensate, the second section II do3 Behandlungskürpers 1 are removed by the v / urther tube 66. in other respects, the in the right -.?. ig Ausführungsforn the crfindungsgenäßen illustrated apparatus 3 nit in the Pig 1. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and in the case of components which are not required for understanding, the symbols which are overlooked are omitted.

The in the Pig. &, presented by the invention, differs from that in the United States. 1 to 4 in that, on the one hand, the laser sun discharge of the spent cooling or heating solution is not established and, on the other hand, it also strikes the inner surface of the glass body 1 in direction of the direction of movement of the treated material let cool air is heated or cooled. The outlet brown 45 iot connected via a pipe 113 and a radiator 112 to a fan 111. In a smaller end plate 77 of the treatment tube 2, above the housing 6l of the material insertion screw 11, there is arranged a recess 74, which is connected to a pipe socket 76 via a funnel 75. The aforementioned opening 74 is formed in the upper part of the smaller end plate 77 and its lower part under the housing 61 of the I.iaterialeinführuncsförderschnecke 11 is solid. The von'Ventilator 111 sucked

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Air from this is printed by the cooler 112 and the pipe 113 in the discharge space 45, v v from the cold air enters the second section II of the treatment body 1, this flows through them in the direction indicated by the pillars c, it passes through the opening 74 of the smaller end wall 77 of the treatment stream 2 into the funnel 75 and exits from it through the pipe socket 76. At the periphery of the smaller also forming part of the boundary of the funnel 75. Face plate 77 of the treatment drum 1, a bearing is arranged. The treatment drum 2 is rotatable with the inking speed U) -J ₁ at this. Connected to the funnel 75 is another conduit 79, through which the liquid deposited by the air can escape.

Audi at the Pig. ο shown Ausführungsforri of erfindungsgerdßen device is in the tube axis 13 a guided through the treatment drum 2 further tube 80, in the üußes Undo a to the the Botrlungstrommel 2 surrounding closed space 63 eaigc- 'closed 3 Hei :: - or Kühlmediur.iahf Lihrungsrohr 81 opens arranged. This latter corresponds to that in the Pig. 1, that is to say that it serves to discharge the oil which has passed through the closed tubes 33, 37, 36, 35, 63 and which is used for heating or cooling from the outside, so that lithium iodide passes through the further tube 80 and the heating or Kühlmediumabführungsrohr · 81. In this embodiment serves to rotate the stirring blades or plates 16 with the Y / inkelgescbgeschwindigkeit i ^ i 2 ^ ^{0 π} ^^ ^ ^em drive 17 connected tube axis 13, while da3 further tube 80 is fastened to the larger end plate 8 of the treatment drum 2 , that is to say with it at the vertical speed.

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gJ ^ is rotatable. Ira other agrees the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 of the device according to the invention with the pig. I, wherein the same components with the same Bezugssseichen referred to and omitted in the understanding not required components, the reference numerals for clarity sake.

The embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6 in the type of cooling. The treatment body 1 has no double Y / änder, but is in a lying arranged cylindricförr.iigen container 83, through which cooling liquid 09, in which 'the Behandlungskürpcr 1 dipped, can be flowed, arranged. The cylinder-shaped container 33 has a dumbbell 84 as well as vertical side walls 85, 86. In the front end plate 85, the cylindrical housing S1 of the material-conveying ferrule 10 is fixed rigidly, and in the rear cylindrical plate 86 is an empty / stuffing-type IC unit 87 , in which the ring 43 (see also Fig. 1) is rotatably mounted, arranged. Bchandlungstror.ir.iel 2 is connected with its smaller Jtirnplatte using a similar lagor / Stopfbuchscn unit 83 to the stationary housing el the I.Ioergoinführungsfürder the screw 11. The bearings of the bearings / Stopfbuchson 'units 87, 88 ensure the rotatability of the Bchandlungskürpers 1 and the glands of the Lager - Gtopfbuchsen üinheiten 37, 83 prevent the outflow of the cooling liquid 89 from the cylindrical container 83, In the lower rear part of I .Iantels 84 of the cylinder-shaped container 83 opens a pipe socket 90, through which the introduction of the cooling liquid 89 takes place in the direction of the arrow d in the cylindrical container 83, i'iin further pipe socket 91st

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21 97 88

In the front end plate 85 of the cylinder-shaped container 83, the discharge of the cooling liquid is overflowed. At the upper rear part of the jacket 84 of the container 83, a still further pipe socket 99a is connected.

To increase the effectiveness of the cooling, a pulsator 94 is installed in a pipe stub 93 opening into the lower part of the sleeve 84 of the cylindrical container 83, which performs an alternating movement during operation with a drive (not shown) and the. Cooling fluid in such a brings "The stroke and the amplitude of the pulsator 94 are adjustable. For the rest, the dor Pig is right. 7 illustrated embodiment of the device according to the invention with the device in the Pig. 1, wherein the same components are denoted by the same reference drawing, and the additional elements with cells and components which are not required for clarity have been omitted from the drawings for the sake of clarity.

The one in the Pig. 8 shown Auoführungsform the device according to the invention is in the pig. 7, but in which the likewise non-jacketed treatment body 1 is not arranged in a cooling liquid, but in a vapor space. This device also has a closed lying cylindcrfömigen container 95, which in the direction of the arrow e to the treatment drum 2 has a slope. In the front Gtirnplatte 96 of the cylinder-shaped container 95, the zylinderformige housing 6l I.Iaterialeinführungsförderschnecke 11 is rigidly attached, to which the interposition of a storage / stuffing box-Sinheit 97 derhbar and gas-tight, the treatment drum 2 is connected. In the second forehead.

21 97 88

plate ΙΟΙ of the cylindrical container 95 is also a ring / gland Dinheit 93, which serves the bearings of the ring 43 and the prevention of ¹ outflow na the Dampfοα arranged. In dumbbell 100 dea cylinder-shaped container 95 in the region of its highest point is a pipe socket 99, through which the arrow f corresponding to the insertion of the steam into the interior of the sylindorfürmigen container 95 in which the gas flows according to the arrows f, takes place. From the I.Iantol 100 of the cylinder-shaped container 95 extend inwardly Leitplant th 102, which serve the forcing of the steam on the optimum from the point of view of heating flow path. In the region of the lowest point of the cylindrical container 95 of a pipe socket 103 extends outwardly, which serves to discharge the condensate. Furthermore, the cylindrical housing 95 is equipped with a pressure-limiting device 104 and a pressure element 105. Ir.i other 3tir.L-.it the in the l ^p i ~. 3 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with the device shown in FIG. 1, wherein the same components are denoted by the same reference symbols, and in the case of components which are not necessary for understanding, the Bczivjszcichen have been omitted for the sake of clarity.

In all embodiments, the stirring blades or plates lc * can stay away, in which case the Pyramidenstur.ipfform the treatment drum 2 of the truncated cone shape is equivalent.

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Claims (14)

2197 8 Claim for invention 1. A device for heating or cooling treatment, in particular of moist solids, turbidities, sludges, suspensions, pastes and slurries, especially for liberating wetted with solvents stükkigen granular materials with low moisture content of their liquid or reducing their content of it under Takuum for pre-dewatering paste-like or mushy materials by heating, freezing solid materials, in particular fruit and small animal organs, and recovering the solids content of solutions by crystallization with a rotatable hollow treatment belt, inlet and outlet cores Intakes or imports of the material to be treated into the interior of the treatment body, elements for discharging the treated I.Iateriales from the treatment body and elements for introducing heating or cooling medium in the areas of the outer Fl of the treatment trolley, characterized in that the hollow chatter body (1) has two sections (I, II), the first section (I) of which is a truncated cone-shaped lying horizontally or horizontally about a longitudinal horizontal central axis (X) truncated pyramidal treatment drum (2) whose dumbbell or side plates (9) and end plates (7, 3; 77, 8) are made of a solid material, expediently a metal plate or a metal sheet, through whose smaller end plate (7; 77) opens into its interior a material introduction tube (G1) and whose larger end plate (8) opens with respect to the. Having longitudinal center axis (X) eccentrically arranged opening (26), to the latter - 31 - · - 31 - 219788 with the first portion (I) of the treatment body (1) rotatable aweite section (II) thereof with at least three elongated, suitably prismatic, ineinandermündenden hollow treatment members (3, 4, 5, 6), the side surfaces of a solid Liaterial, suitably one Ltallplatte or a Lletallblech are made, and the geometric Längscmittelachscn (Χ- ,, X ₂ JX _n ) together form a zigzag line and the longitudinal geometric center axis (X) of Behandlungsstromnel (2), which the common axis of rotation of the first section (I) of the Treatment body (2) forming the treatment body (1) and the treatment member (3, 4, 5, 6) forming the second portion (II) of the treatment area3 (1) is connected 13t, outside the treatment drum (2). 2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that as elements for introducing lioiz- ^ or cooling medium in the areas of the outer surfaces of the Behandlungslunjcjkürporu (1) along the outer surfaces of the Behandlungsstrojcjkiel (2) and the Behandlungsglieuer (3 , 4, 5, 6) closed chambers (63, 35> 30, 37, Jo) , which are connected to one another in the passage of the heating or cooling device, in particular through pipes (39), and of which is connected to at least one or one respective heating or cooling medium inlet tube (42, 69) and with at least one heating medium or cooling medium discharge pipe (43; £ S, 71; 81) for discharging the heating or cooling medium used for heating or cooling. or kuhi _- medium, optionally condensate, is connected, are arranged (Pig 1, 5 and 6.). 3. Device according to item 1, characterized in that as an element for introducing heating or cooling medium - 32 - in the areas of the outer surfaces of the Behandlungskörpera (1) around the outer surfaces of the treatment 3trommel (2) and the treatment members (3, 4, 5, 6) a closed, suitably in the form of a horizontal cylinder having, container (S3, 95) Absorption of heating or cooling medium (83), in particular steam or cooling liquid, is arranged, wherein the treatment body (1) in this container (83; 95) rotatable and zuma inside of the Behäkters (83; 95) sealed against the heating or cooling medium is stored (Fig. 7 and 8). - 4. Device according to item 1 to 3, characterized in that they are organs (111, 112, 113, 74, 75, 76) sun passing gaseous heating or cooling medium through the interior of the treatment body (1) in countercurrent to the direction (a ) of the progress of the l.Iateriales aufweiat (Fig. 6). 5 »device according to point 1 bia 4, characterized in that the organs (111, 112, 113, 74, 75, 7c) zura passing gaseous cooling medium connected to a fan (111) and with the interior of the treatment body (1) connected piping (113) and a built-in cooler (112) include (Fig. 6). 6, device according to items 1 to 5, characterized in that arranged in the frusto-conical treatment drum (2) in the vicinity of the LIantelfläche extending stirring blades or plates (Ib). 7. Device according to item 1 to 6, characterized in that the stirring blades or plates (ΐβ) with a to rotate in the opposite direction of rotation (cO ₂ ) as the direction of rotation (^ ₁ ) of the treatment drum (2) and - 33 - 21 97 88 deviating inertia drive (18) are connected. 8. The device according to item 1 to 7, characterized in that connected to the Innenraun the Bebandlungskörpers (l) a vacuum generating device iat, the l.Iaterialzuführungs- and Iiaterialabführung3elemente, in particular allocation elements (22, 54) with cells, gas-tight installed in the device are. Device according to items 1 to 6, characterized in that the material introduction elements comprise an air introduction screw conveyor (11) for introducing a material to be treated into the treatment drum (2). 10. The device according to items 1 to 9, characterized in that the elongated hollow Bohandlunjsgiicder (3, 4, 5, 6) have a quadrangular, zweciimLlIiig seciiuockigon, -iuersschnitt ^.; * 11. The device according to item 1 to 10, characterized.dadurch, that the opening (2ύ) in the Groö / Jercn otiruplatuo (o) of the Behandlungsatror.üaei (2) is formed in the immediate lii'.hc of the circumference. 12. The device according to item 1, 2 or 4 to 11, characterized in that the treatment body (L) at least at one end, expediently at the outlet end, in a rotatable with him bearing (40) which in a stationary bearing (41) is, is stored, in the bearings (40, - 41) holes and one or more hat, which are arranged for periodically Inverbindungskommen each other and so sum passing of heating or cooling medium, are formed and between the rotatable bearing (40) and at least a closed box (33) a pipe (39) for * - 34 - - 34.- 21978 ... Forwarding of heating or cooling medium is arranged. 13. Device according to item 1, 2 or 4 to 12, characterized in that on the treatment drum (2) surrounding the closed space (63) and / or one or more of which the treatment members (3 »4» 5, 6) surrounding closed spaces (35, 36, 37, 33) are connected lülemente (69, 19, 20, 70) for 'introducing heating or cooling medium of different temperature (Fig. 5) 14. Device according to items 1 to 13, characterized in that the stirring blades or plates (10) are attached to arms (15) which are connected to an axis (14) connected to the drive (Ig), which passes through the tube axis (13 ) of the I.Iaterialeinführungselenentea, in particular the I.IaterialeinführungSiördcrachnecke (11), in the interior of the treatment drum (2) is guided. For this purpose. "- ^ l.Seiten drawings