CZ307950B6 - Method of regulating the thermal and air output of an air door curtain - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of controlling the air curtain (1) on the interior (2) of a door opening (3) with an air curtain regulator (5) of the heating and air output of the curtain (1) to which at least one interior infrared radiation sensor (6) is connected, so that the infrared radiation sensor (6) detects infrared radiation (7) reflected at an angle α between 5 and 80 ° from the norm of the reflecting surface (8, 8 ', 12, 13) on the inside (2). Simultaneously or sequentially, infrared radiation (7) reflected at an angle α of 5 to 80° from the norm of the measured external reflecting surface (10) on the floor (9) of the door opening (3) on its exterior (11) is sensed, the variation in spectral specific radiation of infrared radiation ∆ M[W/cmµm] reflected by the surface of the measured reflecting surface (8, 8´, 10, 12, 13) with the door (4) open and the door (4) closed is evaluated. On the basis of the difference ∆ M, the output of the infrared radiation sensor (6) (7) controls the regulator (5) for the current correction of the air and heat output and the air door curtain direction (1).

Description

Technical field

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of a method for reducing heat leakage through door openings of building objects by controlling the thermal and air power of an air curtain having an infrared sensor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

DE 4420167 (C1) discloses a known method of regulation by measuring the temperature with an infrared radiation sensor. The sensor is configured to measure a temperature profile comprising a region extending through the air curtain substantially in a horizontal direction and substantially perpendicular to the air curtain; and in this area it measures the temperature it compares with the stored reference temperature profile. Based on this comparison, it then regulates the air curtain.

Further, control methods are known in which the air curtain k is provided with infrared sensors which are directed to the floor for sensing the floor temperature. Depending on the signals from the infrared sensors, the aperture is controlled. The orifice is controlled by adjusting the fan speed and directing the outlet nozzle to direct the air flow to provide the desired floor temperature.

WO 2014/204297 (A1) also discloses an air curtain that monitors the temperature gradient of floors using an infrared sensor. According to the measurement results, it adjusts the operating parameters of the air curtain, such as the air temperature of the air curtain, the fan speed, and the air flow direction of the air curtain. In addition, the air curtain can be provided with a sensor for detecting people entering the door. Other sensors also detect outdoor conditions such as wind gust, sun, air temperature. As for the gust of wind, it can be assumed that this is a pressure change, which is compared with the pressure prevailing in the interior. The regulation of the air curtain operation based on measured temperature differences can be as follows: change of fan speed, change of air inlet / outlet size, change of air curtain air temperature, change of air flow direction.

In DE 19542714 (A1), the air curtain control is presented based on a comparison of the pressure in the air curtain separated spaces. The aperture parameters are adjusted so that the difference in pressures does not result in aperture throughput. In one possible embodiment of the invention, the intake air directed to the air curtain is artificially preheated if it is too cold to have a negative effect on the resulting air curtain parameters.

A disadvantage of the method used to control the intensity and temperature of the air stream coming from the air curtain by temperature measurement is the too long time required to determine the temperature conditions around the door opening equipped with the air curtain to effectively control the temperature and intensity of the air stream. During this time, climatic conditions may change in the monitored area near the air curtain, to which current methods of door curtain control are not able to respond in a timely manner.

As a result, the method used to control the temperature of the air flow coming from the air curtain has been used to increase the energy consumption of the operation and to reduce the screening efficiency between external climatic conditions and the internal microclimate. Known devices provide an air curtain in the space at the door opening to minimize the effect of external climatic conditions on the indoor microclimate over a period of time when the door opening is open. These climatic conditions may include temperature, humidity and air quality such as odor and dust content. The quality of the air curtain function is influenced by the internal microclimate and external climate parameter values. These parameters may include air temperature and dew point, wind and its direction,

Direct sunlight, content of gaseous and solid pollutants. These parameters and their changes in real time affect the quality of the air curtain function. In order to ensure reliable operation, the diaphragm is in most cases oversized and therefore uses more thermal and electrical energy than would be required. Overall, the air curtain has a higher energy consumption than would be required in cases where internal microclimate and external climate change are milder, and would be sufficient to respond with less power but in the order of magnitude.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of regulating an air curtain that eliminates the drawbacks of the known solutions and allows a much faster sensing of changes in indoor and outdoor climatic conditions relative to the prior art based only on temperature measurement. Furthermore, the invention should allow real-time sensing of complex indoor and outdoor temperature conditions by only one or a very limited number of sensors, as opposed to prior temperature measurement by multiple sensors covering defined points and temperature profiles, and the need to compare them with preset reference values. The result of such a method should be to control the thermal and air power of the door curtain, which can adapt very quickly to the actual temperature conditions and thus achieve savings in electrical and thermal energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object is solved by providing a method for controlling the thermal and air power of the air curtain of the present invention. An orifice arranged on the interior side of the door opening in a horizontal position above the door or in a vertical position next to the door is regulated and provided with a regulator for the operation, heat and air output of the orifice to which at least one indoor infrared sensor is connected. The principle of the method according to the invention is that the control is carried out in the following steps:

(a) an infrared sensor detects infrared radiation reflected at an angle of between 5 ° and 80 ° from the normal of the interior reflecting surface on the interior side,

b) the spectral specific radiation of the reflected infrared radiation M _AS [W / cm2 pm] from the interior reflecting surface with the door closed is first measured with the infrared sensor,

(c) and then the spectral specific radiation of the infrared radiation Μ _Λ , [W / cm2 pm] reflected from the interior measured reflection area with the door open, or the spectral specific radiation of the infrared radiation M _AS [W / cm2 pm] reflected from the reflecting surface, also at an angle of 5 to 80 ° from its normal, with the door open;

d) the measured values are then compared according to steps b) and c) and their difference Δ Μχ ₈ is determined within the range of analog or digital output from the infrared sensor that characterizes the spectral specific radiation infrared radiation Δ M _AS [W / cm2 pm] emitted and reflected by the reflecting surface measured by the surface; and

e) On the basis of the difference Δ Μχ ₈ determined according to d), the regulator for actual correction of air and heat output and setting of air flow direction of the air curtain is controlled by the output of the infrared radiation sensor.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, further on the basis of the difference Δ Μχ ₈ determined according to d), the air curtain screen regulator carries out autoadaptive correction of the preset control process with predictive air curtain screen control for subsequent control opening and closing process.

-2GB 307950 B6

In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the difference Δ Μχ _{8 of the} spectral specific radiation induced only by the reflection of infrared radiation is measured, suppressing the emissivity of the reflecting surfaces. This is done by measuring the spectral specific radiation of objects whose optical reflection in the range of 8 to 15 µm is sensed on the measured reflective surface, the infrared sensor is calibrated to at least partially suppress the sensing of the infrared emission from the measured reflective surface, and sensing the reflective component of infrared radiation from the measured reflective surface.

In other preferred embodiments of the method of the invention, the infrared radiation sensor senses the specific radiation induced by the reflection of the infrared radiation, which impinges on the interior measured reflective surface lying on the floor or on the door, or placed parallel to the floor or perpendicular to the floor or oblique to the floor. The infrared sensor is integrated into the air curtain body, or it is arranged separately from the air curtain body.

The principle of the method according to the invention consists in not sensing the surface temperature, e.g. of the floor, but at an angle and sensing the reflection or reflection of infrared radiation from the floor or other reflective surface with as low an emissivity of infrared radiation as possible . This has the fundamental advantage that the infrared sensor detects this change as soon as the door opening between the interior and exterior reflects the change in the infrared spectrum in reflection, even before the temperature changes, for example on the floor.

Advantageously, the infrared sensor and the downstream control system at the moment of opening the door opening between interior and exterior are capable of a difference in spectrum composition or a change in spectral specific radiation of reflected infrared radiation Ma _s [W / cm2 pm] with the door open and closed immediately evaluate the difference in temperature conditions between interior and exterior. The method according to the invention makes it possible, without delay, to evaluate the changes which have occurred and to regulate the heating and air power of the air curtain very quickly. The time response is one order of magnitude faster than that of the prior art temperature control. Temperature change is essentially a change in the infrared emission of a reflective surface directly related to its surface temperature. This is slow and very small in a short period of time when the door is opened and closed, and the regulation according to this variable presents the disadvantages mentioned in the prior art.

On the contrary, the change in spectral specific radiation of reflected infrared radiation Ma _s [W / cm2 pm] on the monitored area expresses a complex change in the temperature conditions in the interior when opening and closing the door opening and changes very quickly, allowing for faster regulation. electrical power.

Clarification of drawings

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an infrared reflection reflection on an indoor measured reflective surface lying on an interior floor with the door closed, FIG. 2 an infrared reflection reflection on an indoor measured reflective surface lying on an interior door; Fig. 3 sensing the reflection of infrared radiation on the interior measured reflective surface lying on the floor on the interior side, with the door open, Fig. 4 sensing the reflection of infrared radiation on the outdoor measured reflective surface lying on the floor on the exterior side, with the open doorway,

Fig. 5 sensing infrared reflection on the interior auxiliary horizontal reflecting surface, with the door open, fig. 6 sensing infrared reflection on the interior auxiliary reflecting surface, with the door open, Fig. 7 graph showing dependence of spectral specific radiation of infrared radiation Δ Mzs [W / cm ² pm] on infrared wavelength λ [pm], The hatched area shows the range of wavelengths used.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The room shown in Figures 1 to 6 is separated from the outside or exterior by a door aperture 3 fitted with a door 4. The door 4 can be slid by means of a drive not shown either above the door aperture 3 or next to the door aperture 3. Side extending from the door aperture 3 inside the room is called interior side 2. The side extending from the door opening 3 to the exterior is called the exterior side 11. Above the door opening 3, or next to the door opening 3, there is an air curtain E fitted with a regulator 5 air curtain performance T Specifically triggers and regulates the air output of a fan or fans embedded in air curtain 1, further regulates the heat output of a hot water or electric heat exchanger heating the air flow from the air curtain 1, further regulates the air flow direction more or less towards the door The interior side 2 is fitted with an interior infrared radiation sensor 6, which is connected to the regulator 5 and which can be integrated into the orifice body 1 as shown in Figs. not shown separately from diaphragm E

Sensor 6 is a commercially available broadband infrared sensor 7 in the wavelength range 8-14 pm, outputting a unified analog output signal such as 0-10V, 4-20mA, 0-100 až and the like, or a digital output such as USB, RS 485, RS 232, DS18B20, TSic and the like. The sensitivity of the infrared radiation sensor 6 in the wavelength range from 8 pm to 15 pm is adjusted so that the reflection of the infrared radiation 7 from the measured reflective surface 8, 82, 10, 12, 13 is maximized and the scanning is suppressed as much as possible The emission of infrared radiation 7 from the measured reflective surface 8, 82, 10, 12, 13 is measured.

After this calibration, the sensor 6 continuously evaluates changes in spectral specific radiation of ΔM _s [W / cm2 pm] reflected by the surface of the measured reflective surface 8, 82, 10, 12 and 13, suppressing its emissivity. It is possible to control the orifice 1 without calibrating the sensor 6, but the control will not be as accurate and fast for the following reasons:

The energy of the infrared spectrum 7 impinging on the sensitive sensing surface of the sensor 6 is the sum of the energies of the emission ε of the sensing body, in our case the reflecting surface 8, 82,10,12, 13, its transmission τ and the reflection cp. In general, ε + φ + τ = 1

The transmission component τ is not applicable in this case, it is equal to 0. Then ε + φ = 1

In all of the prior art methods of controlling the orifice 1, the sensor 6 is designed to measure only the emissivity of the body surface being monitored, i.e. its surface temperature, where the reflection effect is suppressed by calibration and compensated to such an extent that did not affect.

-4GB 307950 B6

In the present invention, on the other hand, the change in surface temperature, i.e. emissivity, is not measured, but the change in spectral specific radiation of the infrared radiation Δ M _AS [W / cm2 pm] emitted and reflected or reflected only by the reflected surface 8, 82, 10 12 and 13. Thus, the calibration, calibration of the infrared sensor 7 is performed in a substantially opposite direction, in order to suppress the infrared emission emission sensing 7 as much as possible. The emissivity of the surface, the temperature of which is measured according to the known method, is sensed preferably perpendicular to the surface in order to suppress the influence of reflection. Then, another effect which supports the reflection sensing according to the invention is to adjust the position of the infrared radiation sensor 6 so that the reflecting surface 8, 82, 10, 12 and 13 is relative to the infrared radiation sensor 6 at an angle α which is not 90 ° but lies in the range of 5 to 80 °.

The infrared sensor 6 is either integrated into the door curtain 1 or outside the door curtain E The door curtain 1 is installed horizontally above the door opening 3 or vertically next to the door opening 3 at different heights from the floor 9 and distance from the door opening 3 on installation conditions on site. The door opening 3 is always different in width and different in height, which corresponds to the position of the door curtain 1 with respect to the reflecting surfaces 8, 8 ', 10, 12, 13. The infrared sensor 7 is adjusted so as to angle the infrared reflection 7 on a preferably selected reflective surface 8, 8 ', 10, 12, 13. The infrared sensor 7 measures the spectral specific radiation of the reflected infrared radiation M _AS [W / cm ² pm] at an angle α lying between 5 and 80 ° from normal the selected interior reflecting surfaces 8, 8 ', 10, 12, 13 with door 4 closed and optionally the external reflecting surface 10 with door 4 open, depending on the installation of the door curtain 1 and the sensor 6. The infrared sensor 7 transmits within the analogue or analogue range. digital output value Μχ ₈ [W / cm ² pm] spectral specific radiation to the regulator 5. Infrared reflection is sensed at an angle α in the range of 5 to 10 ° of radiation 7 in the implementation of the measuring and control system, in which the sensor 6 is integrated into the horizontally installed door curtain 1 above the door opening 3 and the reflecting surface 8 is the interior part of the floor 9. The reflection of infrared radiation 7 is sensed in the embodiment where the sensor 6 is integrated into the horizontally installed door curtain 1 above the door opening 3 and the reflecting surface 8 is the interior surface of the door 4 with the door 4 closed. An infrared reflection 7 is sensed at an angle α of 10 to 20 °. and a control system wherein the sensor 6 is integrated into the horizontally installed door curtain 1 above the door opening 3 and the reflective surface 10 is the floor 9 on the exterior side 11 of the door 4 with the door open 4. The infrared reflection is sensed at an angle of 20 to 40 °. radiation 7 in the measurement and control system, where the sensor 6 i integrated into the horizontally installed door curtain 1 above the door opening 3 or the vertically installed door curtain 1 next to the door opening 3 and the reflective surface is an auxiliary adjustable reflective surface 12, 13 on the interior side 2. Infrared reflection is sensed at an angle of 20 to 60 °. In the embodiment of the measuring and control system, the sensor 6 is integrated into a vertically installed door curtain 7 next to the door opening 3 and the reflecting surface 8 is the interior part of the floor 9.

In the case of a closed door opening 3 through door 4, the infrared sensor 7 senses the reflection of the infrared radiation 7 on some reflective surface 8, 82, 12 and 13 in a spectrum corresponding to the temperature conditions of the internal microclimate on the interior side 2. 13 may be the interior floor 9, the door surface 4, or other interior surfaces and objects, similar to the exterior reflective surface 10. These surfaces are near the door opening 3 at different angles to the position of the infrared radiation sensor 6. These surfaces may have a variety of shapes such as flat, cylindrical, concave, convex, etc. The horizontal auxiliary reflective surface 13 and the auxiliary adjustable reflective surface 12 will be utilized in such a measuring and control system where, for example, surfaces are in a convenient position for sensing infrared reflection. with high emissivity and infrared reflection 7 is difficult to detect. Furthermore, it will be used in the case of installing a vertical door curtain 1 next to the door opening 3, where it is not possible to directly detect the reflection of infrared radiation 7 on the exterior side 11. The auxiliary horizontal reflecting surface 13 or auxiliary adjustable reflecting surface 12 will be installed on the floor 9, wall or ceiling on the interior side 2 of the door opening 3. Auxiliary horizontal

The reflective surface 13 or the auxiliary adjustable reflective surface 12 may also be an object used for another function such as a cabinet, flower pot, information board, etc. Thus, if the door 4 between the interior side 2 and the exterior side 11 is closed, the infrared sensor 6 The radiation 7 senses the reflection of the infrared radiation 7 of one of the reflecting surfaces 8, 82, 12, 13. Its state is expressed by the level of spectral specific radiation of the infrared radiation M _AS [W / cm 2 pm] and the output signal for the air curtain controller 5.

At the moment of opening the door 4, the spectrum of reflected infrared radiation 7 changes depending on the temperature difference between the interior side 2 and the exterior side 11, i.e. if the interior is warm and the exterior is cold, the proportion of radiation with lower energy and wavelength will increase; the proportion of radiation with higher energy and shorter wavelength is reduced, which is manifested by the change, by decreasing M _AS [W / cm ^{1 2} pm] spectral specific radiation according to the graph in Fig. 7. This change is reflected in time dependent only on door opening speed 4. The advantage of measuring the reflection of the infrared radiation 7 over the existing measurement of the emission of the infrared radiation of the bodies (the surface temperature of the bodies), which shows a noticeable change only after a considerably longer time.

The sensor 6 evaluates the state after opening the door 4, expressing it by the level of spectral specific radiation of the infrared radiation Mj. _with [W / cm2 pm] and the corresponding output signal for air curtain regulator 5 T Air curtain regulator 1 immediately registers a change, for example opening door 4. Air curtain regulator 5 based on sensor 6 evaluates the difference Δ M _AS as a change in the spectral specific radiation of the infrared radiation Δ Mzs [W / cm2 pm] reflected by the surface of the measured interior reflecting surface 8, 87 12 and 13 or the exterior reflecting surface 10. The air curtain controller 5 compares the state before opening door 4 and after closing the door 4 and this compares to the desired result, which is preset in the regulator 5 of the air curtain 1 from the previous autoadaptive processes, or firmly. Based on the possible deviation, it corrects the presetting of the air curtain 1 for the following process of opening and closing the door 4. The processor and software to convert the value Μχ ₈ [W / cm2 pm] to the unified signal or data output for controller 5 are part of sensor 6 processors or software means may be part of the controller 5.

Multiple infrared sensors 7 sensing in a different combination of reflective surfaces 8, 82, 10, 12 and 13 can be used to control the thermal and air power of the door curtain 1. Each of them can sense infrared reflection 7 from different physically different reflective surfaces 8, 82, 10, 12 and 13. Advantageously, the air curtain controller 5 can operate with signal inputs from a plurality of infrared sensors 6 and thus eliminate interfering signals such as a person or foreign objects in the field of view of the infrared sensor 6.

Industrial applicability

The method according to the invention is applicable in the field of ventilation, in the installation of new air curtains as well as in the reconstruction and replacement of existing door curtains, which have significantly higher energy intensity of operation and lower efficiency of shifting the interior microclimate from the exterior exterior climate.

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (4)

A method of regulating the thermal and air power of an air curtain (1) arranged on the interior side (2) of a door opening (3) in a horizontal position above a door (4) or in a vertical position next to a door (4) and provided with a heat regulator (5) and air performance A screen (1) to which at least one indoor infrared sensor (6) is connected, characterized in that the regulation is carried out in the following steps: a) the infrared radiation sensor (6) senses infrared radiation (7) reflected at an angle of between 5 and 80 ° from the normal of the reflecting surface (8, 8 ', 12, 13) on the interior side (2) , whereas b) First, the spectral specific radiation of the reflected infrared radiation Μχ ₈ [W / cm2 pm] from the reflecting surface (8, 8 ', 12, 13) on the interior side (2) with the door closed is measured with the infrared sensor (7) (4), c) then the sensor (6) of infrared radiation (7) measuring the spectral specific radiation infrared _Μ Λ [W / cm2 pm] reflected from the reflective surface (8, 8 ', 12, 13) on the interior side (2) when open door (4) or the sensor (6) measures the spectral specific radiation of infrared radiation M _AS [W / cm 2 pm] reflected at an angle a lying in the range 5 to 80 degrees from normal exterior measured reflecting surface (10) lying on the floor (9) in the region of the door opening (3) on its exterior side (11) with the door (4) open; d) the measured values are then compared according to steps c) and b) and their difference Δ Μχ ₈ is determined within the range of analog or digital output from the infrared sensor (6), which characterizes the spectral specific radiation infrared radiation Δ M _AS [W / cm 2 pm] emitted and reflected by the surface of the measured reflective surface (8, 8 ', 10, 12, 13); and e) the difference Δ M _AS determined according to d) as the temperature difference between interior and exterior is compared in the regulator (5) with the required value, which is preset in the regulator (5), and actual air and heat output correction and direction adjustment current of the air curtain (1). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on the difference Δ Μχ ₈ determined in accordance with (d), the air curtain screen controller (5) performs autoadaptive correction of the presetting of the control process with predictive control of the air curtain screen (1) for control opening and closing process of the door opening (3). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the difference Δ Μχ _{8 of the} spectral specific radiation caused by the reflection of infrared radiation (7) is measured, and when measuring the spectral specific radiation Μχ _{8 of} objects whose optical reflection in the range 8 to 15 pm is sensed on the reflective surface (8, 8 ', 10, 12, 13), the infrared sensor (6) is calibrated to at least partially suppress the sensing of the infrared emission (7) from the measured reflective surface (8, 8') , 10, 12, 13), and for predominantly sensing the reflective component of the infrared radiation (7) from the measured reflective surface (8, 8 ', 10, 12, 13). Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the infrared radiation sensor (6) senses the specific radiation induced by the reflection of the infrared radiation (7), which falls on the interior side (2) on the interior measured reflective surface (7). 8) lying on the floor (9) or on the interior measured reflecting surface (8 ') lying on the door (4), or on the auxiliary adjustable reflecting surface (12) placed vertically or obliquely, or on the auxiliary horizontal reflecting surface (13).