CZ288185B6 - Carbon black - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention there is disclosed novel furnace carbon black with iodine number in the range of 12 to 18 mg/g and DBP value ranging from 28 to 33 cme3/100 g, which provided for rubber and plastic compositions suitable properties and which can be replaced for thermal carbon black and carbon black mixtures. In the present invention there are also described novel rubber and plastic compositions, in which the novel carbon black is built in and which exhibit suitable combinations of processing and physical properties.

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to novel carbon blacks which are suitable for various applications and in particular are very suitable for use in plastic and rubber compositions.

The prior art

Carbon black can be used as a pigment, filler, reinforcing agent and many other applications. They find widespread use in the preparation of rubber and plastic compositions where it is desirable to achieve an optimum combination of processing compound properties (e.g., stretching, molding) and physical properties of the manufactured parts.

Carbon blacks are generally characterized by their properties, such as their surface area, surface chemistry, particle size, and aggregate size. The properties of the carbon black are determined analytically by means of assays known in the art. These tests include iodine adsorption number (I ₂ n °), dibutyl phthalate adsorption (DBP), hue value (TINT), Dst, Dmode and M-ratio, which are defined as the Stokes mean median divided by the Stokes mean mode (M ratio = Dst / Dmód).

Several references to carbon black can be found in the prior art. For example, U.S. Patent Nos. 4,366,139, 4,221,772, 3,799,788, 3,777,562, Soviet Patent 1279991, Canadian Patent 455504, Japanese 61-47759, British 1022988 and Japanese 61283635. None of the above documents disclose carbon black. according to the invention or the use for which the carbon black according to the invention is intended.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

As already mentioned, the present invention provides a new class of carbon black which can advantageously be used in rubber and plastic compositions to be processed, and where their physical properties, such as mixing energy, viscosity, cure rate, and the like, are important. vulcanization, extrusion shrinkage, tensile properties, fatigue life, hardness and surface appearance. These carbon blacks have been found to provide a unique combination of properties that make these compositions particularly suitable for stretching, molding and molding belts and hoses.

This class of furnace carbon blacks has an Iodine adsorption number _(I2 No.) 12 to 18 mg / g (milligrams _I2 per gram carbon black) and a DBP (dibutylphthalate value) of 28 to 33 cm ^3/100 g (cubic centimeters dibutyl phthalate per 100 grams carbon black ). Preferably, the carbon black is characterized by having an I _{2 of} about 15 mg / g.

The invention also relates to novel classes of carbon black-containing rubber and plastic compositions.

The carbon black according to the invention can be produced in a furnace soot reactor having a combustion zone, a transition zone and a reaction zone. The feedstock feedstock that provides the carbon black is injected into the hot flue gas stream. The resulting mixture of hot flue gas and feedstock passes into the reaction zone. Pyrolysis of the carbon black yielding feedstock is stopped by quenching the mixture after the carbon black of the present invention is formed. Preferably, said pyrolysis is stopped by injecting a cooling fluid. The process for preparing the novel carbon blacks of the present invention will be described in more detail below.

-1 CZ 288185 B6

The rubbers and plastics for which the carbon black of the invention is effective include natural and synthetic rubbers and plastics. For each 100 parts by weight of rubber or plastic, about 10 to 300 parts by weight of the carbon black of the present invention are suitable.

Rubber and plastics suitable for use in the present invention include natural and synthetic rubbers and derivatives thereof, such as chlorinated rubbers; copolymers of 10 to 70% by weight of styrene and about 90 to 30% by weight of butadiene, for example copolymer of 19 parts styrene and 81 parts butadiene, copolymer 30 parts styrene and 70 parts butadiene, copolymer 43 parts styrene and 57 parts butadiene and copolymer 50 parts styrene and 50 parts of butadiene; polymers and copolymers of conjugated dienes such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene and the like, and copolymers such as conjugated pulps and a copolymerizable ethylene group-containing monomer such as styrene, methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, acrylonitrile, 2-vinylpyridine, 5-methyl-2-vinylpyridine -ethyl-2-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, alkyl substituted acrylates, vinyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, methyl vinyl ether, alpha-amethylenecarboxylic acids and their esters and amides such as acrylic acid and dialkylacrylic acid amide; also suitable for use herein are copolymers of ethylene and other high alpha olefins such as propylene, 1-butene and 1-pentene; particularly preferred are ethylene-propylene copolymers in which the ethylene content ranges from 20 to 90% by weight, as well as copolymers of ethylene and propylene in which a third monomer is present, for example dicyclopentadiene, 1,4-hexadiene and methylennorbomen. Other advantages of the polymeric materials are olefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene.

An advantage of the carbon blacks of the invention is that the carbon blacks can be incorporated into natural rubbers, synthetic rubbers, plastics or mixtures thereof, which are subsequently used for industrial applications, especially when the compound is processed and the process characteristics are important for processing.

A further advantage of the carbon blacks of the invention is that they can be used such that, in applications that simultaneously require the use of thermal and furnace mixtures to achieve the desired performance characteristics, both types are replaced.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

Brief description of the pictures

Giant. 1 is a sectional view of a portion of one type of furnace carbon black reactor that can be used to produce the carbon black of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a histogram of the weight fractions of aggregates of a carbon black sample versus the Stokes diameter of a given sample.

The analytical properties of the novel kiln soot class according to the invention are shown in Table 45 below:

Table 1

New carbon black classes

Class I ₂ no. DBP First 12-18 28-33 First advantageous 15 Dec 28-33

The carbon black according to the invention can be produced in a modular furnace soot reactor, also referred to as "staged". A portion of a typical modular furnace carbon black reactor that can be used to produce the carbon black of the present invention is shown in Figure 1. Further details regarding a typical furnace carbon black reactor can be found, for example, in U.S. Patent 3,922,335. particularly suitable for the production of the carbon black of the present invention is described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 07 / 818,943, filed January 10, 1992. Examples of the carbon blacks described herein were prepared as described in the aforementioned application.

Application No. 07 / 818,943 discloses a process for producing carbon black in which a hydrocarbon is additionally added to the reaction zone of a multistage reactor, wherein the reaction of the primary combustion and total combustion is controlled so that the SSI of the process is less than zero. The SSI of this process can be determined based on the following relationships:

w. SAS _m f —SAS _a h ...

^SSI \ SAS ^ where

CJC - ς, .ς, _ Δ (ΡΒΡ) _Ο / ...

ktIodine number) _m f '^ (Iodine number) _ah '''

I £ 4 £; = Absolute SAS _m f,

A (DBP) _m f = change in DBPA soot due to variation in feedstock flow, while all other operating conditions are kept constant;

A (Iodine number) _mf = Change in the iodine adsorption number of the soot due to a change in the flow rate of the feedstock while all other operating conditions are kept constant;

A (DBP) ah = Change in DBPA soot due to a change in the post-feed hydrocarbon flow, while all other operating conditions are kept constant;

A (Iodine number) ah = Change in the iodine adsorption number of the soot due to a change in the flow rate of the post-feed hydrocarbon, while all other operating conditions are kept constant.

The above-mentioned "post-feed hydrocarbon" includes hydrogen or any hydrocarbon having a molar hydrogen: carbon ratio greater than a molar hydrogen: carbon ratio of the carbon black feedstock.

Referring to Figure 1, the carbon black of the present invention can be produced in a furnace soot reactor 2 having a combustion zone 10 having a tapered diameter zone 11, a transition zone 12, an inlet section 18, and a reaction zone 19. Diameter of the combustion zone 10 up to the point where the tapered diameter zone 11 starts is indicated in the figure as D1; the diameter of zone 12 is designated D-2; the diameters of the stepped entrance section 18 are designated D-4, D-5, D-6, and D-7; and the diameter of zone 19 is designated D-3. The length of the combustion zone up to the point where the tapered diameter zone 11 starts is indicated in the figure as L-1; the length of the tapered diameter zone 11 is designated L-2; the length of the transition zone is designated L-3; and the step lengths of the reactor inlet section 18 are designated L-4, L-5, L-6, and L-7.

The carbon black is produced by generating hot gaseous flue gas in a combustion zone 10 by contacting a liquid or gaseous fuel with a stream of a suitable oxidizing agent such as air, oxygen, or a mixture of air and oxygen. Suitable fuels for the aforementioned purposes include, but are not limited to, streams of easily combustible gases, vapors or liquids, such as natural gas, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, acetylene, alcohol, or kerosene. However, it is generally preferred

-3!

they use fuels which have a high content of carbon-containing components, in particular hydrocarbons. The ratio of air to natural gas used to produce the carbon black of the present invention may preferably be in the range of from about 10: 1 to about 100: 1. To facilitate the production of the flue gas, the oxidant stream can be preheated.

The hot flue gas flow flows from zones 10 and 11 to zones 12.18 and 19. The flow direction of the hot flue gas is indicated by an arrow in the figure. The carbon black feedstock 30 is fed at 32 (located in zone 12). and / or at location 70 (zone 11). Suitable hydrocarbon feedstocks which are readily volatile under the reaction conditions, i.e. unsaturated hydrocarbons such as acetylene, are suitable for the production of the carbon blacks of the present invention; olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene toluene and xylene; certain saturated hydrocarbons; and other hydrocarbons such as kerosenes, naphthalenes, terpentenes, ethylene oils.

The distance from the end of the taper zone 11 to point 32 is designated F-1. Typically, the carbon black feedstock 30 is injected in the form of a plurality of streams that penetrate the inner regions of the hot flue gas stream. This ensures a high degree of mixing, as well as that the hot flue gas stream rubs against the feedstock so that it decomposes the feedstock introduced and converted to carbon black rapidly and completely.

The additional hydrocarbon is introduced at location 70 by means of a probe 72 or auxiliary hydrocarbon passages 75 located in the walls forming the boundaries of zone 12 or through the additional hydrocarbon passages 76 located in the walls forming the boundaries of zones 18 and / or 19 of said reactor. The additional hydrocarbon may be introduced at any point between the point immediately after the initial combustion reaction of the first stage fuel and the point immediately before the end of the carbon black formation, provided that an auxiliary hydrocarbon is optionally introduced into the reaction zone.

The distance from point 32 to point 70 is indicated as H-1.

In the example described herein, the supplemental hydrocarbon is introduced through three orifices lying in the same axial plane with the feedstock streams for producing the carbon black. These openings are arranged in an alternating pattern, one for the feedstock, following for the supplemental hydrocarbon, spaced along the perimeter of section 12. However, it should be noted that this supplemental hydrocarbon introduction arrangement is exemplary and therefore not limiting in any way.

A mixture of feedstock for the production of carbon black and hot flue gas flowing from zone 12 to zone 18 and then zone 19. Extinguishment 60, located at location 62 and injecting a coolant 50, such as water, is used to stop the chemical reaction that the carbon black required has already been formed. Point 62 can be determined by any method known in the art for selecting a position for quenching pyrolysis. One method of determining the pyrolysis termination position is to determine the point at which an acceptable level of toluene extraction is achieved for the carbon black. The toluene extraction level can be measured using ASTM test D1618-83, "Carbon black extracts - Toluene decolorization". Q is the distance from the beginning of the zone 18 to the quenching point 62, which will vary according to position 60.

After quenching the mixture of hot flue gas and the carbon black feedstock, the cooled gases pass to any conventional cooling and separation means, thereby isolating the carbon black. Separation of the carbon black from the gaseous stream is readily accomplished by conventional means such as a precipitator, cyclone separator or bag filter. The separation may be followed by pelletizing, for example using a wet pelletizing machine.

The following test procedures are used to determine the analytical and physical carbon blacks of the invention.

The iodine adsorption number of the carbon black (I ₂ No.) is determined according to ASTM test procedure D 1510. The toning power (shade) of the carbon black is determined according to ASTM test procedure D3265-85.

The D-mode and Dst of the carbon blacks were determined from the histogram of the carbon black fractions plotted against the Stokes diameter of the carbon black aggregates, see Figure 2. The data used to construct the histogram was determined using a disc centrifuge such as manufactured by Joyce Loebl Co. Ltd. of Tyne and Wear, United Kingdom. The following procedure, which was used to obtain the necessary data, is a modification of the procedure described in the Joyce Loebl DCF 4.008 Instruction Manual published February 1, 1985.

The procedure is as follows. A 10 mg (milligram) sample of the carbon black was weighed in a weighing vessel, and this amount of carbon black was added to a 50 cm ³ solution of 10% anhydrous ethanol and 90% distilled water, with 0.05% NONIDET P-40 surfactant (NONIDET P- 40 is a registered trade name for a surfactant manufactured and sold by Shell Chemical Co.). The resulting suspension was dispersed by ultrasonic energy for 15 minutes using ultrasound model No. W 385 manufactured and sold by Heat Systems Ultrasonics Inc, Farmingdale, New York.

Before starting the disk centrifuge, the following data shall be entered in a computer which records the data obtained with the centrifuge:

1. Specific carbon black density, in which case a value of 1.86 g / cm ^{3 was taken} ;

2. The volume of the solution of carbon black dispersed in the solution of water and ethanol, in this case 0,5 cm ³ ;

3. The volume of centrifugation fluid, which in this case is 10 cm ^{3 of} water;

4. The viscosity of the centrifugation fluid, which in this case was taken as 0.933 centipois at 23 ° C;

5. The density of the spin fluid, which in this case was 0.9975 g / cm ³ at 23 ° C;

6. The wheel speed, which in this case was 800 rpm;

7. Test data reading interval, which in this case was 1 second.

The disc centrifuge operates at 8000 rpm while the strobe is operating. 10 cm ^{3 of} distilled water, which in this case is a centrifugal liquid, are injected into the spinning disk. The spin level is set to 0; and 1 cm @ ^{3 of a} solution of 10% anhydrous ethanol and 90% distilled water was injected into the centrifuge disk as a buffer liquid. Then, the trigger and boost switches of the disk centrifuge are activated to create a continuous concentration gradient between the centrifugation fluid and the buffer fluid, and this gradient is visually monitored. In the event of a gradient so smooth that it is not possible to distinguish the interface between the two fluids, 0.5 cm ^{3 of} carbon black dispersed in an aqueous ethanol solution are injected into the spinning disk and data collection is started immediately thereafter. After the soot dispersed in the aqueous ethanol solution was injected, the disc was rotated for 20 minutes. After this time, the disk is stopped, the temperature of the centrifugal fluid is measured and the average of the temperature of the centrifugal fluid measured at the start of the run and the temperature measured at the end of the run from the computer that records data from the disc centrifuge are introduced. This data is analyzed according to the standard Stokes relationship and presented using the following definitions:

Carbon black aggregates - a discrete solid colloid entity that is the smallest dispersible unit; this unit is composed of extensively coupled (agglomerated) particles;

Stokes diameter - diameter of a sphere that sediments in a viscous medium in a centrifugal or gravitational field according to the Stokes equation. A non-spherical object, such as a carbon black aggregate, can also be presented using the Stokes diameter if it is considered to be a smooth rigid sphere of the same density and sedimentation rate as said object. Conventional units have diameters measured in nanometers.

-5GB 288185 B6

Mode (D-mode for write) - Stokes mean at the point of its peak (point A in Figure 2) of the distribution curve for Stokes mean.

Median Stokes diameter - (Dst for writing) point on the Stokes 5 distribution curve of the diameter at which 50% of the sample weight is larger or smaller.

The modulus, strain and elongation of the EPDM compositions were measured using the procedure set out in ASTMD412-87.

Shore A hardness of EPDM compositions was determined using the procedure set forth in ASTM D-2240-86.

Reflection data of EPDM compositions was determined using the procedure set out in ASTMD1054 and ZWICK Model 5109 Tensile Tester, manufactured by 15 companies of Zwick of America, Inc. Post Office Box 997, East Windsor, Connecticut 06088.

Instructions for determining the reflection values are enclosed with the test machine.

Permanent compression strain of EPDM compositions was determined using the procedure of ASTM D395, which tested the composition at 65.5 ° C for 70 hours.

Elongation shrinkage was measured on a BRABENDER extruder at 100 ° C and 50 rpm using a 5 mm diameter extruder screw.

The viscosity of the EPDM compositions was determined using the procedure set forth in ASTM D-1646 25 and a Monsanto MPT capillary rheometer while maintaining a temperature of 100 ° C and using an extruder screw having a ratio L / D '= 16 and D = 0.0787 mm. The shear rate ranges from 10 to 1501 / second.

The term mixing energy is understood to mean the total amount of energy embedded in the compositions, which is determined by integrating the mixing curve torque of the mixing cycle, as will be described in more detail below.

The vulcanization characteristics of the EPDM compositions were measured using a Monsanto MDR vulcanometer while maintaining a constant temperature of 160 ° C. For EPDM compositions, the following 35 values are recorded: time to 90% cure (t'90), total torque change during cure (AL), and cure rate index (CRI) (CRI = l / t ') 90 - Ts1 ^x 100), where tsl = the time for which the torque increases by 1 unit from the minimum torque value tsl is also referred to as the burning time). The tests were performed according to the instructions enclosed with the Monsanto MDR vulcanometer used.

The following examples illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

A sample of the novel carbon blacks of the invention was prepared in the reactor generally described in the previous section and shown in Figure 1 using the conditions and geometry shown in Table 3. The fuel used in the combustion reaction was natural gas. The supplemental hydrocarbon introduced into the reactor was also natural gas. The liquid carbon black feedstock had the properties listed in Table 2 below:

-6GB 288185 B6

Table 2

Properties of the raw material

Hydrogen / carbon ratio 1.00 Hydrogen (wt%) 7.71 carbon (wt%) 91.94 Sulfur (wt%) 0.23 Nitrogen (% by weight) 0.22 A.I.P. specific gravity 15.6 / 15.6 ° C (60/60 ° F) [ASTM D-287] +6,4 Specific gravity 15.5 / 15.6 ° C (60/60 ° F) [ASTM D-287] 1,026 Viscosity, SUS (54.4 ° C) m ² / s [ASTM D-88] 1.3 x 10 ^-5 Viscosity, SUS (98.9 ° C) m ² / s [ASTM D-88] 4.8 x 10 ^-6

The operating conditions used for the reactor geometry reactor are shown in Table 3 below:

Table 3

Reactor geometry and operating conditions

Example # 1 D-1 (m) 0.18 D-2 (m) 0.10 D-3 (m) 0.91 D-4 0.23 D-5 (m) 0.91 D-6 (m) 0.91 D-7 (m) 0.91 L-l (m) 0.61 L-2 (m) 0.30 L-3 (m) 0.23 L-4 m 0.30 L-5 (m) 0.11 L-6 (m) 0.00 L-7 (m) 0.00 F-1 (m) 0.11 Q (m) 12.2 Air for combustion (SCMS) 0.472 Burning air overheating (K) 755 Burner natural gas (10 ² x SCMS) 1.0 Diameter of the feedstock injection hole 0.226 Number of burners for starting material injection 3 Starting material injection rate (10 ⁴ xm ³ / s) 1,2 Starting material temperature (K) 362 K + Conc. (g / m ³ ) 443 Supplementary Hydrocarbon Injection Hole Diameter (cm) 0.508

-7EN 288185 B6

Table 3 - continued

Example # 1 Number of additional hydrocarbon injection holes (*) 3 Supplementary Hydrocarbon Injection Rate (10 ² x SCMS) 3.5 Primary combustion (%) 500 Total combustion (%) 25.6

(*) - The feedstock injection holes and the supplemental hydrocarbon are arranged in the same 5 axial plane in an alternating configuration around the circumference of said reactor.

The carbon black produced in Run 1 was subsequently analyzed using the test procedures described herein. The analytical properties of these carbon blacks are shown in Table 4. These carbon blacks and two control carbon blacks were used in the following examples. The analytical properties of the control carbon blacks A and B used are also included in Table 4 below:

Table 4

Analytical properties of carbon black

Soot Example 1 Control example A Check B Type New Thermal SRF I ² No (mg / g) 16.5 8.2 29.9 DBP (cm / 100g) 30.0 37.5 68.5 CTAB (m7g) 18.3 9.9 30.1 Tint (%) 31.1 21.7 51.6 D-mode (nm) 242 416 256 Dst (nm) 310 492 288 M-ratio 1.29 1.18 1.12

Thermal = soot produced by thermal process SRF = semi-reinforcing furnace

Example 2

The furnace carbon black according to the invention produced in run 1 was incorporated into the EPDM (ethylene propylene diene polymethylene) composition and compared with the EPDM compositions in which 25 control carbon black samples were incorporated. EPDM compositions were prepared by mixing

200 parts by weight of each carbon black sample in an EPDM composition whose composition is shown in Table 5 below.

-8GB 288185 B6

Table 5

Composition of EPDM composition

Component weight parts EPDM 100 ALIGN! Soot 200 Sunpar 2280 oil 100 ALIGN! Zinc oxide 5 Stearic acid 1 TMTDS 2.7 Butyl Zimate 2.7 Methyl Zimate 2.7 Sulfur 0.5 Sulfasan R 1.7

EPDM- EXXON VISTALON 5600, manufactured and sold by EXXON Corporatin, Houston, Texas; Sunpar 2280 - Trade name for oil produced and sold by Sun Oil Company; TMTDSButyl Zimate - Tetramethylthiuram disulfide; Trade name for dibutyldithiocarbamate manufactured and sold by R. T. Vanderbilt Co .; Methyl Zimate - Trade name for dimethyldithiocarbamate manufactured and sold by R. T. Vanderbilt Co .; Sulfasan R - Trade name for 4,4'-dithiodimorpholine manufactured and sold by Monsanto Co., St. St. Louis, Missouri.

EPDM compositions were prepared as follows.

The Banbury BR mixer was started and maintained at a temperature of 45 ° C and a rotor speed of 77 rpm. Then a specified amount of EPDM was introduced into the mixer and stirred for 30 seconds. Sunpar 2280 oil, zinc oxide and stearic acid were added to the EPDM, and the mixture was allowed to stir for about 2 minutes. After this time, carbon black was added to the mixture and the temperature of the mixing chamber was cooled to less than about 135 ° C. The EPDM mixture containing the carbon black was stirred for about four and a half minutes, and after which time the vulcanizing agent, TMTDS, Butyl Zimate, Methyl Zimate, Sulfur and Sulfasan R were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred for about 1 1/2 minutes in the mixing chamber maintained below approximately 135 ° C. This dose of composition was then removed from the mixer and analyzed using the techniques described herein.

The EPDM composition prepared using the carbon black of the invention in Run 1 described herein had the processing properties shown in Table 6. EPDM compositions containing control carbon blacks A and B were also evaluated by the methods described herein and the measurement results are also included in Table 6 below for comparison.

Table 6

Comparison of processability of EPDM compositions

-9EN 288185 B6

Example # 1 Control Control B Analytical properties of carbon black: I ₂ No. (mg / g) 16.5 8.2 29.9 DBP (cm ^3/100 g) 30.0 37.5 68.5 CTAB (m ² / g) 18.3 9.9 30.1 Tint (%) 31.1 21.7 51.6 D-mode (nm) 242 416 256 Dst (nm) 310 492 288 M-ratio 1.29 1.18 1.12 EPDM composition performance at 200 wt. díle saz and: Viscosity (Pa.s) @ 10 s ^-1 9300 10400 16 600 Viscosity (Pa.s) @ 150 sec ^-1 1 310 1490 1 880 Mixing energy (MJ / m ³ ) 687 799 1 091 Extrusion speed (g / min) 41.6 32.0 36.8 Extrusion shrinkage (%) 45.5 43.5 23.8 t’90 (min) 13.7 13.2 11.2 AL (g.m) 230 220 270 Hardness (Shore A) 50 53 69 E100 (10 x ⁴ N / m ² ) 112 109 338 Voltage (10 ⁴ x N / m ² ) 740 933 989 Example # 1 Control Control B Elongation at break (%) 724 794 421 Reflection (%) 52.8 55.0 40.6 Permanent compression strain (%) (70 h, 150 ° C) 51 54 (57)

The results shown in Table 6 show that the EPDM compositions having 200 parts by weight of the carbon blacks of the present invention incorporated therein have higher extrusion speeds and lower hardness, density, mixing energy and permanent compression properties and thus have better processing properties than EPDM compositions in which control carbon black is incorporated.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS Oven carbon black, characterized in that it has an iodine number of 12 to 18mg / g and a DBP of 28 to 15 33 ^cm3 / 100 g. Furnace black according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an iodine value of 15 mg / g. 3. A composition comprising a material selected from the group consisting of Rubber and plastics material according to claim 1.