CZ285745B6 - Process for preparing feeding complements for ruminants - Google Patents

Abstract

In this process liquid products from the production of biodiesel, containing glycerol, oil residues and methanol are used as initial raw materials. After distilling off methanol and conversion of fatty acids to their alkaline salts the secondary liquid product is mixed with vegetable and/or animal fat, or it is mixed directly with a pre-prepared mixture of vegetable and/or animal fat and solid alkalis, then it is heated to a temperature of 70 to 105 degrees C and, after removing methanol and converting fatty acids to their respective salts, it is dehydrated to a final moisture content of between 8 and 10 % by weight.

Description

Technical field

It is an object of the invention to use a liquid by-product which is produced in the production of biodiesel and comprises glycerol, residual oil and methanol.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the production of biodiesel from rapeseed oil - rapeseed fatty acid methyl esters - a liquid by-product is produced in addition to solid wastes - compacts and scrap.

The glycerol-containing liquid by-product is presently treated to remove oil and toxic methanol, and to obtain glycerol for use in industry or cosmetics. With the development of biodiesel production it is possible to assume its surplus and in surplus liquidation by composting and the like with environmental burden.

With the development of biodiesel production, logically, research work is becoming increasingly important in terms of economically and ecologically more advantageous utilization of the liquid product, which, from the point of view of biodiesel production, is its technological waste in addition to solid moldings and scrap.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing ruminant feed supplements according to the invention, which comprises using a liquid biodiesel by-product containing glycerol, residual oil and methanol as the starting material . The liquid by-product contains 58 to 68 wt. % glycerol, 10 to 16 wt. % residual oils, 3 to 8 wt. % methanol, 14 to 24 wt. % water and 5 to 10 wt. undefined substances whose content is not individually monitored for specific purposes. The proportion of the individual components depends on the biodiesel production process.

Glycerol and rapeseed oil represent a valuable caloric source for the possible use of a liquid by-product in animal nutrition.

The use of glycerol in the nutrition of animals, especially ruminants - cows - as a glucogenic substance for preventive or therapeutic use in periods of increased metabolic burden before and after delivery, related to the development of ketoses, is known. Pure glycerol can be used for this purpose. However, its cost is high, even if glycerol is used after the aforementioned treatment from biodiesel production.

A certain drawback of the use of glycerol in animal nutrition is its liquid form, which requires either its infusions or additional mixing with solid feed.

Methanol, however, acts toxic in the body and has the disadvantage that it accumulates. It is therefore necessary to remove methanol from the biodiesel by-product in animal nutrition for any use.

The presently proposed process for the production of feed supplements for ruminants, comprising 1 wt. % of the by-product biodiesel by-product after treatment consisting of distilling off methanol and converting the residual oil contained in the fatty acids by adding 1.0 to 2.0 wt. parts of a solid alkali of the oxide group

% Of calcium, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide at a temperature in the range of 70 to 105 ° C to their respective salts are mixed with 8.0 to 10.0 wt. parts of vegetable and / or animal fat.

In the manufacture of ruminant feed supplements, the process according to the invention can also be advantageously carried out in such a way that 1 wt. a portion of the by-product liquid from the biodiesel production is diluted with 0.5 to 2.0 wt. parts of water and then mixed with an immediately preformed mixture consisting of 12 to 25 wt. parts of plant and / or animal material and 1.2 to 2.5 wt. parts of a solid alkali from the group calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, the mixture is heated to a temperature in the range of 70-105 ° C and maintained at this temperature until complete removal of methanol and conversion of free fatty acids to their respective % of salt, whereupon the mixture is dried to a final moisture content in the range of 8 to 10 wt.

From the foregoing, it is clear that the present invention contributes not only to the cheaper production of biodiesel and thus to a wider and more economical use of land for non-food purposes, but also to cheaper milk production, higher increments, improved animal health and indirectly improved quality of the environment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

200 kg of biodiesel by-product liquid (VKP) was added to a stirred, 8 m ^{< 3} > The mixture was stirred and heated with indirect steam to 100 ° C until methanol was distilled off completely. 1800 kg of rendered fat are then added to the reactor, mixed and, after cooling down spontaneously, the mixer is discharged from the reactor.

Example 2

The procedure of Example 1 is followed, except that 900 kg of an oil mixture consisting of 500 kg of milk thistle oil and 400 kg of rapeseed oil is added to the reactor instead of the rendered fat.

Example 3

100 kg of VKP are added to a stirred, 8 m ³ steam-jacketed, jacketed reactor equipped with a condenser, a steam injector and a distillate spreader, 1001 of water are added, followed by a mixture of 1500 kg of milk thistle seed and 100 kg of calcium oxide. Then, sharp water vapor is introduced into the mixture until the mixture is heated to 75 ° C. Upon reaching this temperature, the steam feed to the reactor is stopped and the reactor mixture is maintained at 75 ° C by indirect steam in the reactor jacket until complete removal of methanol and conversion of the free fatty acids to their calcium salts takes about 20 minutes. The bulk product is then discharged from the reactor and dried, if necessary, to a final moisture content of 8%.

-2GB 285745 B6

Example 4

A reactor of the same type as in Example 3 is charged with 100 kg of VKP, 801 of water is added, followed by stirring with a mixture of 1800 kg of Milk Thistle seed and 180 kg of magnesium hydroxide. Sharp steam was introduced into the mixture until heated to 80 ° C and the procedure of Example 3 was followed.

Example 5

A reactor of the same type as in Example 3 is charged with 100 kg of VKP, 180 l of water are added, and then, with stirring, a mixture of 2000 kg of shredded rapeseed seeds and 120 kg of sodium hydroxide. The mixture was then fed with sharp steam until heated to 100 ° C and then proceeded as in Example 3.

Example 6

The procedure of Example 5 is followed except that the VKP is diluted with 200 L of water and a mixture of 2400 kg of extracted oilseed rape meal and 250 kg of magnesium oxide is added. The mixture was fed with sharp water vapor until heated to 90 ° C and then proceeded in accordance with Example 3.

Example 7

A reactor of the same type as in Example 3 is charged with 100 kg of VKP, 50 l of water is added, and 1330 kg of a blend consisting of 1200 kg of alfalfa clove, represented in the mixture by mass, portion, and 130 kg of calcium hydroxide are added. . Sharp water vapor was introduced into the mixture until heated to 105 ° C and then proceeded as in Example 3.

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (3)

Process for the production of feed supplements for ruminants, characterized in that a biodiesel by-product containing glycerol, residual oil and methanol is used as starting material. A method for producing a ruminant feed supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that 1 part by weight of the liquid biodiesel by-product of glycerol, residual oil and methanol, after pretreatment, comprises distilling off methanol and converting the residual oil contained in the fat. by addition of 1.0 to 2.0 parts by weight of a solid alkali from the group of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide at a temperature ranging from 70 to 105 ° C to their respective salts, mixed with 8.0 to 10 0 parts by weight of vegetable and / or animal fat. -3GB 285745 B6 A method for producing a ruminant feed supplement according to claim 1, characterized in that 1 part by weight of the biodiesel by-product liquid containing glycerol, residual oil and methanol is diluted with 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight of water and then mixed with medium. a preformed mixture consisting of 12 to 25 parts by weight of plant and / or animal material and 1.2 to 2.5 parts by weight of a solid alkali from the group of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide; the mixture is maintained at this temperature until complete removal of methanol and conversion of the free fatty acids to their respective salts, followed by drying to a final moisture content of between 8 and 10% by weight.