CZ278916B6 - Smoke flue and lifting and travelling gear for mounting and dismantling thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal flue (19) for evacuating fumes from the combustion chamber (16), especially a base channel for reforming furnaces in an ammonia synthesis plant in which the flue consists of a plurality of unitary and adjacent finished components (2) and their side walls have apertures (3) for the passage of the fumes which can be closed to suit them to different flow requirements. The description also relates to a lifting and shifting device (11) for assembling and dismantling the flues thus formed.

Description

Smoke duct and lifting and running equipment for its assembly and disassembly 7

Technical field

The present invention relates to a horizontal flue gas channel for removing flue gases from a furnace, in particular a channel on the floor of a reforming furnace in an ammonia synthesis device. The invention further relates to a lifting and traveling device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Smoke ducts of the above-mentioned type in a bricked-in embodiment are already known. Lining is very time consuming. Depending on the deployment of the staff, installation takes generally 2 to 4 weeks. These known systems have low operational reliability when the mechanical plates can destroy the cover plates and the side walls. Repairs are very time-consuming, reducing the usability of the equipment and generating production losses. Furthermore, it is not possible to additionally change the flue gas flow conditions from the furnace to the flue gas ducts, which has obvious disadvantages.

Furthermore, it is known from DE-OS 2415 280 and 3343 721 that perpendicularly standing flue gas ducts, in particular stacks of finished parts, are assembled. However, such chimneys serve a different purpose. They serve to remove flue gases of higher temperature up into the atmosphere and must be substantially sealed. On the other hand, the types of flue ducts according to the invention serve for the horizontal removal of flue gases from the furnace and are therefore upstream of the chimney.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The smoke duct according to the invention is characterized in that the smoke duct is formed by a plurality of unitary, stacked components, and its side walls have flue gas openings which can be closed to accommodate different flow conditions.

Further features of the invention are apparent from the claims, the following description and the drawings.

Overview of the drawings

In the drawings, the invention is illustrated by way of example in several embodiments.

Figure 1 shows a schematic, broken, longitudinal section of a furnace with subsequent flue gas exhaust in an ammonia synthesis device.

Figure 2 is a section along line II - II in Figure 1

Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the prefabricated component along the section line III-III in Figure 4 and Figure 4 shows a section according to line IV-IV in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a side view of a prefabricated part,

-1GB 278916 B6

Figure 6 is an enlarged detailed illustration of a

Figures 7 and 8 show in cross section two different cross-sectional shapes of the prefabricated element openings.

Figures 9 and 10 are two views of a lifting and traveling device for prefabricated parts and

Figures 11 and 12 show two views of the respective equipment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Giant. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the furnace of the ammonia synthesis apparatus with a portion of the downstream flue gas exhaust to the stack. In the furnace 16, the reaction tubes 17 are arranged parallel to each other and in rows, and in FIG. 1, these reaction tubes 17 are only partially drawn for the sake of clarity. The reaction tubes 17 and the flowing reaction medium are heated by hot flue gases (not shown).

The flue gas ducts 19 according to the invention serve to remove the flue gases from the furnace 16 to the flue gas 18, to which the stack is connected in a known manner. These flue gas channels 19 are arranged lying on the floor 20 and lie substantially horizontal. The side walls 1 of the flue gas channels 19 have openings 3 through which the flue gases flow after the partial transfer of their heat to the reaction tubes 17 into the flue gas channel 19 and reach the exhaust 18. For the sake of simplicity, not all openings 3 and 3 are shown. also not all prefabricated components 2.

The flue gas ducts 19 consist of prefabricated components 2 arranged side by side or one above the other, as shown in more detail in FIGS. The flue gas ducts 19 are thus made up of a plurality of individual pre-assembled prefabricated components 2. This saves the extremely time-consuming and costly lining of the flue gas ducts 19, in a most advantageous manner, as is already known. The smoke ducts can be simply constructed by using an electrically driven lifting and travel device 11. This device has a carriage 38 standing on the wheels 12 and a lifting and lowering device 14. Such a device is shown schematically in Figures 1 and 2. .

It is schematically shown in space 21 how prefabricated components 2 are prepared for installation. In a simple manner and by means of the lifting and traveling device 11 described above, the prefabricated components 2 can be easily and simply installed or dismounted so that the smoke duct can be erected or repaired.

Giant. 3 shows a cross-section of a prefabricated component 2 which forms the lower half of the smoke channel. The same piece is pivoted upwardly to form a closed channel with the interior of the channel 15. The prefabricated components 2 have side walls 1 which are provided with a plurality of openings 2 which can be closed to accommodate different flow conditions. Depending on the dimensional dimensions, such as the dimensions of the side surfaces 6 and the thickness 5 of these side walls, each prefabricated component 2 has a second

Thus, a maximum number of apertures 3, so that maximum adaptation to different flow ratios is indeed possible. The openings 3 can be closed with plugs 2. If conical tapering round holes 3 are provided in the wall of the prefabricated parts 2 in the direction of the channel inwardly, see FIG. 7, the corresponding tapered plug 2 must be used. 8 with a stepped step, the plug 8 has a corresponding stepped shape. The plugs 2 can be sealed and fixed in the openings 2 with mortar.

The prefabricated components 2 and also the plugs 2 are made of a special refractory concrete, optionally reinforced with heat-resistant steel 7. Furthermore, the prefabricated components 2 can also be reinforced with refractory steel fibers.

At the points of contact of the prefabricated components 2 to be arranged one above the other, semicircular depressions 9 are provided, into which extremely stable smoke ducts are formed in a simple manner for the anchoring of the round rod 10. Ti ™.

The bottom 36 of the prefabricated components 2 has a groove 22 for anchoring and FIG. 6 shows in detail how this groove 22 can be shaped.

The construction of the entire duct system on the floor can thus be made of large-size system prefabricates of 850 x 810 x 1000 of mechanically high-strength special refractory concrete. In order to increase operational reliability, there are three reinforcing elements of refractory steel 7 in the bottom 36 of these prefabricated elements. In connection with the additional reinforcement with refractory steel fibers, the prefabricate has a high strength.

The openings 2 in the side walls 1 of the prefabricated elements allow flue gases to enter from the furnace 16 into the interior of the channel 15 through which the flue gases are transported to the exhaust system. As already mentioned, these openings 2 can be adapted to the necessary conditions (variation option) by partially closing / mobile openings / plugs 2 and, moreover, allow the production of a standard precast which can be replaced universally throughout the system.

By using the smoke duct of the field of the invention, it is possible to reduce the assembly time by 90% for a total of two days. The system is characterized by high operational reliability and a long service life, as no mechanical damage can occur. In case of necessary repairs in the furnace reaction tube system, the installation site can be loosened by the assembly device in the shortest time and reassembled after the repair.

The downtime of the furnace is thus minimized. Higher equipment utilization results in considerable production profit.

1 and 2, there is a lifting and traveling device 11, which can advantageously be used for mounting and dismantling the horizontal flue ducts. As can be seen, this lifting and traveling device 11 fits between adjacent rows of reaction tubes 17. In the manner of a gantry crane, wheels 12 are located at the bottom of two perpendicular props, which can travel on both sides of the smoke channel. The legs with the cross beam form a yoke support on which it is arranged inviting

The delivery and lowering device 14 by means of which the prefabricated components 2 can be moved. The equipment shown in FIGS. 11, 12 can be used for this purpose.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of such a car that serves to transport those prefabricated components 2 that stand one side against a wall, as shown in FIG. 2 on the left.

On the four uprights 23 are mounted the wheels 24 on which the car 37 is moved on the floor 35. The prefabricated component 2 to be transported is placed between the uprights 23. The two uprights 23 are each connected by a crossbeam 25 and a longitudinal link 26 connects in each case two crossbars 25. The lifting and lowering device 14, preferably with an electric drive, serves for lifting and lowering the prefabricated components 2. Guide rollers may be provided to ensure guidance along the walls. On the one hand, two wheels 24 are provided, and on the other hand one wheel 28 is provided, the height of the uprights 23 being adapted to the conditions. One wheel 28 is drawn in an elevated state in which it can move on pre-assembled prefabricated components 2 of the smoke channel. The lifting and lowering device 14 operates with a device 29, shown in more detail in FIGS. 11, 12. The longitudinal beam 30, which can be hinged on the lifting and lowering device 14 by its hinge 31, has at its ends carrying ropes or support rods 32 Ends with an eye 33. In the eyes 33, telescopically adjustable beams 34 are provided, which can be inserted through the openings 2 of the prefabricated components 2, as shown in dashed lines in FIG.

In this way, a lifting and lowering device 14 is provided which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the flue ducts, whereby individual prefabricated components 2 can also be lifted from the flue ducts.

Claims (11)

A flue gas duct in a horizontal design for exhausting flue gases from a furnace, in particular a duct on the floor of a reforming furnace of an ammonia synthesis device, characterized in that it is formed from a plurality of uniformly stacked prefabricated components (2), according to the flow conditions, the walls (1) have closable openings (3) for the passage of flue gases. The second smoke duct according to claim 1, characterized in that, depending on the dimensional conditions, such as the dimensions of the side surfaces (-4) and thickness (5) of the sidewalls (-1) of each pre- ^J fabrikovanéhó component (2) is maximum number of openings (3) closable according to flow conditions. Smoke duct according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the openings (3) in the side walls (1) of the prefabricated element The components (2) are rounded and tapered into the channel (15). Smoke duct according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the openings (3) in the prefabricated building elements (2) have a shoulder (8). Smoke duct according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the prefabricated components (2) are made of a special refractory concrete or reinforced with heat-resistant steel (7). Smoke duct according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the prefabricated components (2) are reinforced with heat-resistant steel fibers. Smoke channel according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the openings (3) can be closed by plugs (8) corresponding to the walls of these openings (3). Smoke duct according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the prefabricated components (2) have at their points of contact half-round depressions (9) in which round rods (10) are arranged for fastening these prefabricated components (2). ). Lifting and traveling device for mounting and dismantling the flue duct according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of uprights (23) provided with wheels (24, 28) which are connected to each other at the top by transverse and / or longitudinal beams (25). 26) such that there is space between them for at least one prefabricated component (2) and that a lifting and lowering device (14) for suspending the prefabricated component (2) is arranged on one of the beams (25, 26). Lifting and running device according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one upright (23) is height adjustable. Lifting and traveling device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it has a device (29) with a longitudinal beam (30) and beams suspended thereon (34) for insertion into the openings (3) of the prefabricated component (2).