CZ278311B6 - Mixture for producing a composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The composite material is designed for machinery, parts and covering of handling and transportation equipment coming into contact with hot glass, ceramic or metal up to a temperature of 600 degrees C. The material is produced from a mixture containing by weight 20 to 50 % polymeric binder, 0.1 to 60 % fibre reinforcement from glass and/or carbon fibres, 3 to 28 % self-lubricating compounds made from graphite, 0.01 to 5 % modifying compounds made from furnace black, 0.1 to 2 % internal lubricant and 0.5 to 4 % of a hardening catalyst. It also contains a mixture of thermally stabilising oxides and/or silicates and/or carbonates of at least one metal from a group containing zirconium, titanium, magnesium, molybdenum, zinc, calcium, strontium, iron, lanthanum and cerium in a quantity of 1 to 20 % by weight and granularity of 0.0005 to 0.02 mm. To suppress flammability the mixture preferably contains hexachloroplatinate acid in a quantity of 0.5 to 100 ppm.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite for tool composite material and components for handling and conveying devices that come into contact with a hot glass surface up to 600 ° C. The composition consists of a polymeric, after curing, heat resistant binder, chopped glass and / or carbon fiber reinforcement, a self-lubricating graphite component, a retort carbon black modifying component, an internal lubricant, and a curing catalyst.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

After leaving the molding process, the glass blanks and products are still in hot contact with a variety of handling tools or equipment parts, for example during their transport or other manufacturing process. These tools or equipment parts are usually made of metal construction materials such as cast iron, gland, steel, etc., which can easily damage the hot glass surface by rapid heat dissipation, mechanical shock, abrasion and contamination from the lubricants provided with such tools and equipment. . In the hot glass surface, cracks, cracks, scratches, etc., which are noticeable to the eye, are formed which reduce the strength of the glass and often cause it to break even on the production lines.

For this reason, in the case of manual glass production, these machine tools that come into contact with the hot glass are traditionally made of or lined with metal, asbestos or asbestos-asbestos material.

In machine production, the functional lifetime of these materials is short, respectively. to completely unsatisfactory, eg in mass production of container, laboratory, utility glass, etc.

In addition, asbestos materials, most commonly used, release asbestos particles during handling, causing scratches on the glass or sticking to the hot glass surface and destroying it. The production and use of asbestos-containing materials is currently being restricted and gradually eliminated for serious health reasons. Asbestos replacement is a complex problem.

This problem is solved by composite materials, which are composite materials usually based on plastics, reinforced with glass or inorganic fiber reinforcement.

E.g. German Patent No. 32 16 215 discloses a composite material for this purpose comprising 24 to 40% by weight of a silicone resin as a polymeric binder, 15 to 25% of bitumen, 1 to 55% of cut fiber, 0 to 10% of carbon black, 0 to 10%. up to 1% curing catalyst, 0 to 2% iron oxide filler and 0 to 1% lubricant.

This composite material does not contain carcinogenic asbestos. It contains other components, of which graphite acts as a self-lubricating component, carbon black as a modifying component and a curing catalyst, and a lubricant as a component to assist in the processing of the composite material. The composite material has good mechanical properties and heat resistance, mainly due to the resistance of the cured binder.

The disadvantage of this composite material, however, is that it does not contain additives for controlling thermal stabilization and other properties according to the method of its use, and that it does not contain additives which suppress its flammability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These disadvantages of the prior art are eliminated or substantially reduced in the composition for the composite material according to the invention, which comprises a polymeric binder of 20 to 50% by weight, a fiber reinforcement of 0.1 to 60% by weight, a self-lubricating component 3 to 28 % of the modification component 0.01 to 5% by weight, internal lubricant 0.1 to 2% by weight, curing catalyst 0.5 to 4% by weight. Further, the composition comprises a thermally stabilizing additive of oxides and / or silicates and / or carbonates of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium, magnesium, molybdenum, zinc, calcium, strontium, iron, lanthanum and cerium. The composition contains this heat stabilizing additive in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight and a grain size of 0.0005 to 0.02 mm.

When the composition comprises chopped glass fibers as fiber reinforcement, it is preferred that the glass fibers comprise 20 to 60% of the total weight of the composition.

If the mixture contains carbon fibers as the fiber reinforcement, it is preferred that the carbon fibers comprise 0.1 to 25% of the total weight of the mixture.

The composition containing graphite as a self-lubricating component preferably has this graphite having a grain size of 5 to 12 µmη.

Preferably, the modifying additive is formed by retortic O-Ί carbon blacks having a specific surface area of 62 to 80 m .g.

It is further preferred that the mixture also contains chloroplatinic acid in an amount of 0.5 to 100 ppm.

Advantages of the composite material of the present invention are low thermal conductivity, good sliding properties in contact with hot glass products, good mechanical and thermal resistance and abrasion resistance, flexural and impact strength. The easy availability of individual components is also important.

The content of the individual components of the mixture is chosen according to the requirements for the resulting properties of the composite material and also according to the purpose, method and conditions of its use and function.

The novel composite material is essentially a fiber composite consisting of chopped fibers and several fine-grained components that are uniformly dispersed and bonded by a crosslinked polymer.

The polymeric binder in the mixture provides for the composite

-2GB 278311 B6 material heat resistance and mechanical properties. The composite material can be used up to 600 ° C. Use at higher temperatures is possible as long as the mechanical properties and lubricity of the composite material are not defective.

The fiber reinforcement with glass chopped and / or carbon fibers provides tensile, flexural and impact strength to the composite material.

The addition of carbon fibers as compared to glass fibers gives the composite material a lower hardness, and greater slip in contact with glass, which translates into less abrasion of the glass, but the carbon fibers increase the thermal conductivity of the composite material and have a relatively high purchase price over glass fibers.

Graphite as a self-lubricating component in the mixture allows the composite material not to be additionally lubricated in use.

Carbon black as a modifying component contributes to increasing the abrasion resistance of the composite material.

By maintaining a given grain size of the graphite and the specific surface area of the carbon black in the mixture, the wear resistance of the composite material increases and the overall resistance of the composite increases.

The internal lubricant and curing catalyst are components that assist the technological processing of the mixture, which is analogous to the technology of thermosetting plastics. The internal lubricant ensures good separation of the cured composite material from the mold walls and the curing catalyst ensures the curing of the organic binder.

Thermally stabilizing additives contribute to increasing the heat resistance of the composite material, its mechanical strength during heat stress and non-flammability.

The granularity of the heat-stabilizing ingredients is important in homogenizing the ingredients in the mixture. These additives need to be dispersed as homogeneously as possible in the composite material so that their sorption bond with the polymeric binder is as tight as possible and therefore the synergistic relationship is as effective as possible.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

Ingredients of the mixture Ingredient content (% by weight) Polymeric binder: Silicone resin - Dry substance35,5 Fiber reinforcement: Glass fiber35,0 Self-lubricating component: Graphite18,0 Modifying component: Retort carbon black2,0 Inner lubricant: Calcium stearate0,5 Curing catalyst: Cobalt naphthenate2 Heat stabilizing additive: magnesium oxide 7.0

A 30% solution of silicone resin in toluene is used as the polymeric binder, the fiber reinforcement is a 15 μη glass E glass fiber chopped to a length of 6 irrons. A suitable grain size of the graphite used is about 5 μιη, the specific surface area of the theortic soot ΊΊ is about 70 m .g and the particle size of the magnesium oxide is about 0.005 mm. The components are mixed, homogenized in a mixer, the solvent is partially evaporated, kneaded and the remaining solvent is removed. The homogenized mixture is transformed into a metal mold and molded by pressing at 30 to 50 MPa at a temperature of 200 ° C to form a plate thickness of 1 to 10 mm. At the same time, curing is performed. From the plate with cutting, turning and drilling it is made lining for removers, ejectors, shifters, push-ins and guide rails on the hot end of the line for production of glass containers, laboratory glass etc.

The board molded from this composite material has the following

Features: density 800 kg.m “ ³ specific heat at 20 ° C 950 J.kg ^"1 .K" ¹ specific thermal conductivity at 20 ° C 6.10 ^-7 m ² .s ^-1 specific heat 0.7 W.nT ^ -. K ¹ absorbability 0.8% flexural strength 32,0 MPa impact strength 10 kJ.m ^-2 Brinell hardness 125 MPa

This composite material is resistant to contact with glass having a surface temperature of up to 600 ° C. It is not flammable or incendiary and does not cause glass to break when touched.

Example 2

Ingredients of the mixture Ingredient content (% by weight) Polymeric binder: Silicone resin Dry matter40,5 Fiber reinforcement: Glass fiber50,0 Self lubricating component: Graphite3,5 Modifying component: Retort black1,0 Inner lubricant: Molybdenum disulfide0,5 Curing catalyst: Cobalt * . ^J? thermal stabilizing additive: zirconium silicate 2.0

A polymeric filler and fiber reinforcement having the same properties as described in Example 1 are used. Suitable grains are in this case about 12 µmη, the surface area of the carbon black retort is 80 m ^ g ^-1 and the grains of zirconium silicate are about 0.01 mm.

-4GB 278311 B6

The homogenized mixture is formed into plates or discs in metal form, heated to 200 ° C at a pressure of 30 to 50 MPa. Hardened plates are suitable for lining handling and storage areas during glass finishing operations, for lining conveyor shutdowns, for manufacturing conveyor belt lamellas.

Properties of this composite material are:

density specific thermal conductivity at 20 ° C bending strength impact strength mean coefficient of remote thermal expansion in the temperature range of 20 to 500 ´C heat resistance in the furnace

Test of heat resistance in chamber furnace at temperatures from

740 kg.m

0.45 Ν.ϊιΓ ^ Κ ' ¹

MPa kJ.m ^-2

31.10 ^_6 K ^_1

The 650 ° C furnace was performed in a laboratory

100 to 650 ° C with 2 hour hold time

5GB 278311 B6

Example 3

Ingredients of the mixture Ingredient content (% by weight) Polymeric binder: Silicone resin Dry matter50,0 Fiber reinforcement: Carbon fiber24.0 Self lubricating component: Graphite11.0 Modifying component: Carbon black4.5 Inner lubricant: Calcium stearate1.0 Curing catalyst: Cobalt naphthenate2, 5 heat stabilizer: magnesium oxide 7.0

Carbon fibers with a diameter of 2 to 5 mm, graphite with a grain size of 5 retort carbon black with a specific surface area of 70 m ² .g ^-1 and magnesium oxide with a grain size of 0.0005 mm are used.

The homogenized mixture is molded by injection molding into a single or multiple mold heated to a temperature of 190 to 200 ° C. In this way, mainly small shaped pieces with dies, reinforcing molding or moldings with supplementary grip etc. are shaped. Composite material of this type is suitable for final parts of handling tools, such as hollow glass product removers, tube holders etc. Industrial use is in the production of glass tubes, refractory glass, flat drawn glass, baffle plates on glass tube drawing lines, and the like, drawing rollers and grippers to remove hot glass products from the molds.

The properties of the composite are as follows:

density according to this embodiment density specific thermal conductivity at 20 flexural strength impact strength Brinell hardness

582 kg.m ° C 1.2 Wm ¹ ^ · * ¹

MPa

KJ.m ²

MPa

Example 4

Mixture components

Polymeric binder: silicone resin solids fiber reinforcement · glass fiber self-lubricating component: graphite modifying component: retort black inner lubricant: calcium stearate curing catalyst: cobalt naphthenate heat stabilizer: zirconia flame retardant component: hexachloroplatinic acid

Ingredient content (% by weight)

42.0

50.0

3.4

0.5

0.1

2,0

2,0 ppm

-6GB 278311 Ββ

Zirconia with a particle size of 0.001 mm, other components of the same quality as in the previous examples and H ₂ PtCl ₆ .6H ₂ O in the form of a 0.05 molar solution in isopropanol are used in the mixture.

The mixture is homogenized and molded by compression as in Example 1.

Hardened plates are suitable for lining glass manipulation tables, as supports for glassware in cooling furnaces up to 700 ° C and so on.

Properties of composite material:

890 kg.rn '

MPa kJ.m 'density bending strength impact strength

This material does not burn in red heat, i.e. at 750 ° C and is heat resistant above 750 ° C.

Example 5

The composition of the composite material is the same as in the example. 4 excluding the addition of the flame retardant - hexachloroplatinic acid. The preparation of the mixture and the shaping of the composite material is the same as in Example 4. The industrial use of the sheets of this material is for the handling elements of the laboratory glass production line.

The properties are the same except for flammability because the material burns in red heat. The material is heat-resistant in contact with glass with a surface temperature of not more than 600 ° C.

Industrial applicability

The composite material made from the composition of the present invention is suitable for tools and components that come into contact with hot glass. ceramic or metal up to 600 ° C. Various small tools can be made of the composite material, such as pliers for gripping and transferring hot glass, as well as various types of components or linings, such as liners for removers, ejectors, shifters and retractors for handling and conveying lines in the manufacture of packaging, laboratory and utility glass. The composite plates are used for lining of conveyor shutdowns, production of conveyor belt lamellas, rectifier plates on glass tube drawing lines, drawing rollers, various types of grippers, but also as pads, eg in cooling furnaces under glass products, for metal soldering etc. . From this composite material, smaller forms for jewelery products, or for crucible cups, etc. can be made.

By suitably selecting the composition of the composition, the properties of the composite material can be influenced for the desired purpose, such as heat resistance, mechanical strength during thermal stress, fire resistance, and the like.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Mixture for composite material for tools and components of handling and transport equipment coming into contact with hot glass surfaces up to 600 ° C, consisting of a polymeric, after curing heat-resistant binder, fiber reinforcement of chopped glass and / or carbon fibers self-lubricating components of graphite, mofifying components of retort black, internal lubricant and curing catalyst, characterized in that it contains a polymeric binder of 20 to 50% by weight, fiber reinforcement 0.1 to 60% by weight, self-lubricating components 3 to 28% by weight, modification components 0.01 to 5% by weight, internal lubricant 0.1 to 2% by weight, curing catalyst 0.5 to 4% by weight, and further comprising a heat stabilizing additive of oxides and / or silicates and / or carbonates at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium, magnesium, molybdenum, zinc, calcium, strontium, iron, lanthanum and cerium in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight and a grain size of 0.0005 to 0.02 mm. Composition according to claim 1, comprising chopped glass fibers as fiber reinforcement, characterized in that the chopped glass fibers make up 20 to 60% of the total weight of the composition. Composition according to claim 1, comprising carbon fibers as fiber reinforcement, characterized in that the carbon fibers comprise from 0.1 to 25% of the total weight of the composition. Composition according to claims 1 to 3, comprising graphite as a self-lubricating component, characterized in that the graphite has a grain size of 5 to 12 μη. 5. A composition according to claims 1-4, comprising a modification additive furnace black, characterized in that the furnace black having a surface area from 2 to 80 6 n ^ .g ^first 6. The composition of claim 1, further comprising 0.5 to 100 ppm hexachloroplatinic acid to suppress flammability.