CZ23894U1 - General-purpose integrated frame of building structure opening panels, especially that of windows and doors - Google Patents

Description

Universal integrated frame of openings for building constructions, especially windows and doors

Technical field

The technical solution is from the construction sector and concerns the construction and shape of the frame of the opening panels, especially windows and doors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The shape of the hole fillings influences the appearance of the object and interior by its shape, size, division, position and, last but not least, by its technical and material solutions. With regard to a number of standards and regulations, they represent a relatively complex constructional element, the production of which is closely related to the technical as well as economic and aesthetic solutions.

Since the apertures are part of the perimeter walls for structural physics, they must meet the requirements for thermal and acoustic protection together. Although the technology of the production of aperture fillings is currently at a high level of development both in terms of technical and material variability and design, the basic principle of frame and leaf construction, including the way of opening, remains almost unchanged.

Only the development and production of own profiles, whose proportions influenced to a large extent the increase in the standard requirements for thermal insulating properties of hole fillings, shifted.

Although at present some types of panels allow exceptionally the lining and lintel exterior to completely overlap the frame profiles with structural and shape (concealed) wings with a walled construction of the perimeter wall or thermal insulation facade system (a very problematic detail in terms of technical solution and craftsmanship) processing in the process of building production), the production of fillings with the classical solution of the method of assembly and external building finishing adjustments prevails.

The proportions of the elements of the frames and the wings of the hole panels currently produced have a considerable negative effect on the size of the total glazed area. This disproportion between the dimensions of the architectural design in the design documentation and the actual glazing area after installation of the hole fillings is up to 55% for smaller types (eg 600/600 mm, 600/900 mm windows), and for larger types (eg 1500/1500 mm windows) ) about 25%.

Another drawback with the requirements for maximum tightness (minimum permeability of window and door joints) is the fact that sufficient air exchange requirements cannot be met. The window of the original structure allowed air exchange in the closed position in the volume of 1 m ³ / bm of the joint, the window of the current design allows air exchange in the volume of 1 dm ³ / m of the joint.

However, the biggest problem nowadays seems to be the actual assembly of hole fillings in building constructions incl. Subsequent, directly related finishing and finishing work (especially for lining, lintel and exterior window sill) with classic plaster or thermal insulation treatment, the quality of the design significantly affecting the expected parameters.

Due to the necessary wet process in the technological process, this work is very time-consuming, labor-intensive and hence economically expensive. They represent a relatively large extent in the total volume of finishing facades.

The exterior modifications of the lining, lintel and window sill in the basic shape (rectangular) design require at least 4-5 days with proper observance of the technological procedure.

The possible shape variability of these facade modifications is therefore very complicated in terms of time and economics in the current conditions of construction production, even when using industrially produced decorative decorative elements - shambran.

- 1 C'Z 23894 Ul

All these problems are directed towards the development and production of hole fillings to such technical and technological solutions so that the increasing risk of poor quality work of this partial stage of finishing facade modifications is eliminated to the maximum extent in construction production. The issue of regular and easy hygiene and maintenance, not only of its own fillings, but also of related constructions around the perimeter, remains a significant problem.

The task of the technical solution is to improve the frame of openings of building constructions, ie windows, doors, etc., which will eliminate the above mentioned shortcomings and its technical and constructional solution will contribute to industrialization of this part of construction production, ie maximum elimination of related, time and craft exterior finishing, including cost reduction and the like.

The essence of the technical solution

In order to improve and overcome the shortcomings of known systems, the present invention provides a structural element - a universal integrated frame of openings for building structures, especially windows and doors, in the version without a roller blind system - the basic type (hereinafter referred to as "IR") system, ie with guide rails and with an extended roller box - a complete type (hereinafter referred to as "IR _K "), with built-in ventilation units for both types.

The fundamental difference and therefore the essence of the technical solution in comparison with existing systems lies in the fact that after the integrated frame is installed in the perimeter wall construction (single-layer without thermal insulation, with internal or external thermal insulation, multilayer) In addition to its own frame, the infrared lining, lintel and window sill also form the profile of the IR and IR _K profiles.

The advantage of this technical solution is that it fundamentally changes and simplifies the way of incorporation in the building construction, enables universal use, guarantees perfectly functional, qualitatively and aesthetically industrially processed detail and the same standard thickness of thermal insulation along the perimeter parts, eliminates unwanted thermal bridges.

The elements of the profile system IR / IR _K are identical in design, shape and size in the basic cross-section. In the technical solution IR / IR _K , a variant using multi-chamber elements of a profile system of universal dimensions with a core PU thermal insulation filler is preferred. For smaller types of hole fillings, the production of IR / IR _{K in the} form of a compact or a combination of elements made with a different technology is expected.

Applying IR / IRK no negative effect on the size glazed surfaces frameworks aperture fillings as current type (deduction of about 25% for large doors and windows, to 55% for fillers less), because technical, structural and shape design IR / IR _to a solution the way of its installation in the perimeter wall construction, including the connection with the facade thermal insulation-contact system, it was achieved that the clear dimensions of the cleaned opening in the exterior, whose external lining, lintel and window sill is part of IR / IR _K IR _K as dimensions of the glazed area (variant with rectangular lining and lintel).

This solution is advantageous both in terms of lighting - guaranteeing compliance with the parameters given by the project documentation, and in terms of architectural - ensuring perfectly functional, craft and aesthetically processed detail.

The IR / IR _K profile system allows structural and shape-matched leaf frames to be completely covered over the entire perimeter of the panel, and due to the IR / IR _{K connection} with the thermal insulation façade system, only the glass panel of the panel is visible from the front.

CZ 23894 Ul

Structural, shape and surface variability in the exterior of visible parts of IR / IR _K elements, forming lining, head and sill, allows any architectural design within the industrial processing while maintaining the technical parameters - in the basic design rectangular lining and sill, inclined (according to solution), rounded, angled, differently profiled with additional decorative elements (shafts), etc.

The technical, structural and shape design of IR? IR _K enables the installation of ventilation units - cylindrical fans with minimum energy consumption and using energy from photovoltaic cells, ensuring independent, automatically controlled air exchange without undue losses.

The bottom profile IR'IR «, which takes over the function of the external window sill, has drainage channels in the central part of the cross-section, connecting the space between the sash and the filling frame with the drainage groove in the lower surface of the eaves.

The walls of the IR / IR _K profiles forming the contact surface of the connecting joint are doubled and transversely reinforced along the outer and central strips delimited by the transverse stiffening ribs, shaped on the outside for possible installation of additional reinforcing and extension elements and instead of anchoring points, oval holes are provided on one side for mounting anchoring belt elements with pairs of fixative sliding pins.

In the assembled type fR _K , in the walls of the side frame profiles, which also form the external lining, there are guide rails for the roller shutter and in the upper frame profile, which completes the outer lintel, there is a slot-like connection connecting IR _K with the extended roller box.

The IR / IR _K elements forming the external lintel are fitted with a drip.

The front tapered walls of the IR / IR _K profiles (exterior view) are widened laterally on the contact area side of the connection joint, ie it becomes a flexible thin-perforated element allowing interconnection of 1R / IR _K along the perimeter with the thermal insulation layer of the façade cladding.

The IR / IRk interconnection with the reinforcing layer of the façade thermal insulation system is designed in two variants: either integral parts of the IR / IRk are fused on the perimeter of the reinforcement fabric or circumferential grooves of the IR / IR _K profiles of the type into which, after the incorporation of IR / IRk. In the perimeter wall construction and finishing of the thermal insulation layer of the main facade cladding, PVC connection profiles with integrated reinforcing fabric are inserted all around the perimeter.

Integral part of the assembled IR _K is dimensionally variable, from PVC chamber profiles with thermo-insulating PU filling and internal additionally inserted thermal insulation from extruded polystyrene built-in roller shutter with revision flap accessible from the interior and fixation stabilizing elements between IR _K and the above-ground construction of the perimeter wall.

Corner joints and profile joints are assumed to be made in a manner similar to the current types of hole fillings, ie by pressing, gluing or welding.

All sealing profiles (external and internal stop and center gaskets) and the IR / IR _K modifications on the side of the connection joint for the possible installation of superstructure elements are identical to the solution applied to conventional frame filler structures.

The multi-chamber IR / IR _K elements are filled with a foamable damping and insulating material in an injection molding machine in combination with a suction device, the profiles provided with passageways in the chamber walls being closed airtight after filling.

The technical and constructional solution of IR / IR _K enables modular production and assembly, ie, the separate construction of the frame of the opening filler and the structure forming the external lining, lintel and window sill.

-3EN 23894 Ul

The anchoring means for the installation of 1R / IR _K into the openings of the building structure are designed in combination of two elements (anchor belt with fixative sliding darkness and angle support and stabilization) as one-sided, ie without the necessity use for the full or partial recessed version in the construction opening as well as the anchoring of the IR / IR _K offset in the thermal insulation layer of the façade cladding, mounted on the perimeter of the IR / IR _K in the place of reinforced walls of profiles (outer and central part) with subsequent sliding connection with supporting and stabilizing angular element and after alignment of IR / IRk by definitive fixation of both elements to the supporting structure. For 1R _K with an extended roller shutter box, the anchoring means are supplemented with a above-the-threshold variant (cantilevered element with a fixing mandrel), which simultaneously provides both the upper horizontal IRk element and fixation of the roller shutter box with sliding extensions.

Assumed material of profiles of universal integrated frame of openings of building constructions, especially windows and doors:

- combination of fiber composite material, co-extruded PVC-U-PMMA and AL elements, or combination with WPC (variant with PVC-AL, AL, wood - AL window and door wings) with foam core.

The IR / IRk surface finish is in the basic version the same as the applied materials for common types of hole fillings, only for visible surfaces 1R / IR _K durable materials with a smooth or structured surface, or composite materials such as WPC in combination with AL elements etc. (window sills).

The installation of IR / IR _K into a building construction, which requires no more than 1 hour of finishing and cleaning work on the perimeter of the openings in the exterior compared to existing systems.

Clarification of drawings

The essence of the technical solution IR and IR _K is further explained in more detail by means of the following exemplary embodiments, shown in the drawings:

- Fig. I - IR - view + sections A-A, B-B,

- Fig. 2 - detail of the window sill IR / fR _K ,

- Fig. 3 - Detail of threshold (balcony door), IR / IRk,

- Fig. 4 - detail of IR lining,

- Fig. 5 - IR headroom detail,

- picture No. 6 - detail of lining IRk,

- fig. no. 7 - detail of lintel with IR _K roller shutter box,

- Fig. 8 - basic shape variability of IR / IR _K ,

- variants of both IR and IR _K installation in the wall construction,

- variant of modular production and assembly of IR / 1R «(kp, kpl).

Examples of technical solution

The present proposal of the technical solution of the universal integrated frame of openings of building constructions, especially windows and doors, includes two variants of execution:

1) basic type of universal integrated frame "IR" without roller shutter system, (Fig. 1-5)

2) the integrated integrated frame “IRk” with roller shutter system, ie with guide rails and with a roller shutter box (Figs. 2-3, 6-7).

Both the basic type of the universal integrated frame “IR” and the assembled integrated frame “IRk” are designed from multi-chamber profiles, whose production is supposed to be similar

Ul as in current types. For smaller hole fillings it is assumed that the frame construction will be in the form of a molding or a combination of profile system elements made by alternative technology,

In the IR7IR _K solution design, it is preferable to use profiles of universal dimensions based on optimum lining width, lintel and window sill.

The internal cross-sectional design and shape of the elements of the profile system IR / IR _K is based both on the requirement regarding the installation of ventilation units - cylindrical fans 1 and the design of the drainage channels 15, as well as on the method of anchoring and installation in the perimeter wall construction.

The technical solution also enables the possible modular production and assembly of the frame assembly IR / IR _K , ie division into a separate structural element kp from a profile system cross-sectional with the frame profiles of the current hole fillings and structural element kp; Finishing the outer lining, lintel and window sill.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of the built-in window opening filler with a universal integrated frame in the basic version, with a variant of the inclined walls of the profile system elements, on the exterior side completing the external lining shape and dimension, lintel and window sill.

The integrated frame with adapted surface treatment of exterior side elements and the method of solution of its incorporation in the perimeter wall construction allows complete merging with the subsequent thermal insulation façade system, ie only the glazed areas of the opening panels are visible in the facade area.

The clear dimensions of the lR _sb , _S h integrated frame with a rectangular lining and a lintel are identical to the clear dimensions of the window opening in the façade area and the dimensions of the glazed area.

In the variant of the slanted lining and lintel in the present technical solution, the clear dimensions of the opening in the face of the facade are ER ^ and IR ^.

Ventilation units - cylindrical fans i are built into the side profiles of the frame, drainage of the space between the sash and the filling frame is solved by a drainage channel 15 in the middle part of the sill element (threshold).

In the installed state, the interior part of the connection joint is filled with the multifunctional tape 3, the remaining parts of the 1R / IR _K profile system forming the contact area on the connection joint side are connected to the thermal insulation layer of the façade cladding by low expansion PU foam.

Fig. 2 - section BB is a detail of the window sill profile 1R / IR _K window opening - a variant of partial hanging IR / IR _K in the wall peripheral structure with external thermal insulation system. The detail represents one of many variants of the structural and shape design of the elements of the multi-chamber profile system rR / IR _K with the core PU thermal insulation - [Ra. with the function of the cross-sectional opening filler frame on the interior side and exterior window sill on the exterior side, with a leading gutter and drainage groove 16 at the bottom of the eaves, with standard slope of the sill element top surface, high-resistant foil or AL covering (lining) 17. The lateral portions of the protruding eaves are provided with caps 18 and a rigid connection connected to the IR / IRk. Drainage channels 15 connecting the space between the sash and the infill frame with the drainage groove 16 are provided in the central cross-section of the sill element with adapted transverse segmentation.

The lower surface of the sill element forming the contact surface of the connecting joint is doubled and stiffened in the outer and central strips delimited by the transverse stiffening ribs. Oval openings for sliding darkness of plug-in belt anchors 2 are provided on one side at the axis of these strips and at the location of the presumed fixation points of the lower part of IR / IR _K.

For assembly and handling reasons, the sill profile IR / IR _{K is} reinforced with an additional reinforcing element 2a of rectangular cross-section with transverse grooves on the bottom for recessed

The sliding-dark plug-in belt anchors 2 (flush), which pass through the reinforcement element 2a into the oval openings in the reinforced walls 9 of the profiles.

An oval opening is provided in the central part of the plug-in belt anchors 2 between the two sliding darknesses, allowing locking before final fixation and interconnection with an angular support and stabilizing anchoring element 27 The interior expansion joint of the partially offset IR / IRk and the fixation of the sill inner liner 8 is identical to conventional types (PVC cell profile with profiled bottom contact area), i.e. using a low expansion PU foam 7. The flexible sill liner connection to the IR / IRk provides a silicone profile.

The interconnection of [R / IR _K with the thermal insulation façade system 4 is solved in two phases within the implementation of the thermal insulation layer and subsequently during the implementation of the reinforcement layer - the base for the final surface treatment.

The connection of the IR / IR _K to the thermal insulation layer of the façade cladding is provided by a flexible, thin-walled perforated element 12 which overlaps the connecting joint with sufficient interference.

The interconnection of the IR / IRk construction with the reinforcing layer is designed in two variants, either according to the variant, A “is made in the front tapered profile wall groove type 10 into which after finishing the thermal insulation layer insert PVC profiles 11, 1Γ with integrated strips. Reinforcement fabrics 11a, 11a 'or according to variant "B", the connecting strips are an integral part of the IR / IR _K - melted on the front tapered side of the profile.

Fig. 3 shows a detail of the door opening infill threshold (balcony door) in a wall peripheral structure 5 with an external thermal insulation system 4 and the associated floor structures both indoors and outdoors (terrace, balcony).

The design and shape is similar to the sill element in Fig. 2, the top surface is reinforced with an AL profile 17. The length of the plug-in band anchor 2 with a pair of sliding pins is identical to the width of the additional reinforcement element 2a As in FIG. 2, the plug-in belt anchor 2 is embedded in the lower surface of the reinforcing element 2a and both sliding darkness passes into the oval openings in the thickened-double walls 9 of the profile.

The individual angular supporting and stabilizing elements 2e on the exterior side are interconnected with the angular anchoring and stabilizing elements 2i by means of a vertical reinforcing and compensating element 2b of a rectangular cross-section separating the floor structure from the external thermal insulation system 4 of the peripheral wall structure 5 and enabling the waterproofing materials to be fixed. anchored on the interior side to the load-bearing layer of the floor structure and together they form a compact supporting / stabilizing structure IR / IRk, enabling horizontal and vertical locking.

The length dimension of the supporting structure is the same as the nominal manufacturing dimension IRbv, the width dimension of the vertical element is derived from the composition of the floor structure. The fixation of the IR / IRk by the sliding-dark belt anchor 2 to the supporting and stabilizing structure (elements 2e, 2b, 2i) is the same as that of the window opening filling in Fig. 2.

Figs. 4 and 5 show the detail of the cross section of the side and top profile of the basic "IR" type of window and door opening fillings, built in the wall peripheral structure with external thermal insulation facade system - variant of Partial IR hanging. Similar to Figs. 2 and 3, these details of the IR cross-sections represent one of many variants of the design and shape of the vertical side and upper (overhead) elements of the IR profile system with PU core thermal insulation IRa, side of the interior (at the wings) and external lining and lintel on the exterior side. The solution in FIGS. 4 and 5 is also an IR variant with a sloping lining and a lintel.

The proportions, construction and shape of multi-chamber elements IR / 1R _K with external lining and lintel function are based on both the thermal requirements and the chosen method of wind-6EN 23894 Ulster system in frame construction, with the possibility of using dimensional series of ventilation units - cylindrical fans I, the requirements for their installation and operation, ie ensuring independent, automatically controlled air exchange, using the energy from the photovoltaic cells.

The position of the cylindrical fans I is designed in the middle section of the side profiles IR / 1R _K in the lining axis and in the lower third of the clear height dimension 1R / IR _K. The walls of the side and top profiles 1R / IR _K , forming the contact surface of the connecting joint, are kinked for structural and thermal reasons, in the outer and central strips delimited by the transverse ribs, doubled and transverse reinforced as in the profiles in Figs. .

At the anchor points with the one-sided oval openings in the reinforced profile walls 9, additional composite strip reinforcing plates 92 are mounted on the outer profiled wall. The anchoring means are also two-part, i.e. steel strip elements 2 with a pair of sliding darknesses and angular support and stabilizing elements 22 with the possibility of height and horizontal locking. The interior of the connection gap 3 consists of a multifunctional tape. The connection of the plaster layer of the lining and the lintel 6 in the interior is solved by means of a PVC plaster strip with a flexible self-adhesive contact tape.

The connection of the IR to the thermal insulation façade system 4 is, as with the elements in Figures 2 and 3, solved in two phases:

- connection of IR with thermal insulation layer by flexible, thin-wall perforated element 12,

- connecting the IR to the reinforcing layer by means of PVC profiles H, with integrated reinforcing fabric connecting strips - according to variant A or variant B in Figs. 2 and 4, the reinforcing fabric connecting strips 11a, 11a and 1 'are an integral part of the IR.

The upper profile in the front of the facade is fitted with a drip 14.

Figures 6 and 7 show a detail of the cross-section of the side and top profile of the assembled integrated IR frame _For window and door opening panels, embedded in the wall cladding 5 with external thermal insulation façade system 4 _K in the basic cross-section are identical in construction, shape and dimension, in the assembled type IR <with the extension roller box Rs, guide rails 13 are provided in the walls of the side frame profiles forming simultaneously the external lining and in the upper frame profile _K is a slot-like passage 19 for a slat roller blind.

The profile system element constituting the outer headlamp IR _K with a slotted passage 19 and connected to the superstructure roller shutter box Rs is anchored to the above-ground construction of the building opening by steel, two-part cantilevered elements 2n with sliding darkness enabling horizontal and vertical arrest.

Dimensionally variable extensible roller shutter box Rs, interlocked with interlocking joint 3b with IRp overhead profile, is designed of PVC cellular thin-walled profiles with core PU term with Rsa insulating and damping filler, with corner angular reinforcing and stabilizing elements 20 with thermal insulation on the left upper parts (on the exterior side) of the roller shutter box Rs, connected to opposite fixation elements 21 on the outside of Rs, allowing a sliding connection to the main anchor bracket elements 2n IRk.

The inspection flap 22 is on the interior side, the inner thermal insulation of the roller shutter box Rs consists of embedded elements of hardened polystyrene 23.

The connecting joint at the site of the above-ground building structure is filled with multifunctional tape 3 in the outer parts on the exterior and interior side. The remaining space is filled with the thermally insulating polystyrene insert 3a. On the interior side, the connecting joint is closed with a PVC profile, which is followed by a PVC plaster profile of the interior lining of the lintel.

-7EN 23894 Ul

Fig. 8 is a diagram of the basic shape variability of the IR / IR _K profile system and the technical solution enabling modular production and assembly, ie separate production of IR / IR _K structural elements with a fitting frame function and external lining, lintel and window sill functions.

Claims (13)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Universal integrated frame of orifice panels of peripheral building structures, in particular windows and doors, formed of multi-chamber profiles with core panels, characterized in that it consists of a sill or sill profile, lintel profile and lining profiles, the lintel profile consisting of an inner part molded to fit a window or door leaf and an exterior shaped to form a lintel, a sill or sill profile consists of an inner part, shaped to fit a window or door leaf, and an outer part shaped to form a sill or sill, and a lining profile consisting of an inner part, shaped to fit a window or door leaf and shaped to create a lining. Universal integrated frame according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a built-in roller shutter system with a roller shutter box (Rs). Universal integrated frame according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that ventilation units, in particular cylindrical fans (1) with automatically controlled air exchange, are built into the lining profiles. Universal integrated frame according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one drainage channel (15) is formed in the sill profile, connected to the drainage groove (16) in the lower part of the eaves and to the space between the frame and the sash. Universal integrated frame according to claim 2, characterized in that guides (13) are provided in the lining profiles and in the lintel profile there is a slot-like passage (19) connected to the roller box (Rs). Universal integrated frame according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the frame profiles, reinforced profile walls (9) are formed at the point of contact with the peripheral structure. Universal integrated frame according to claim 6, characterized in that oval openings for slip-in belt anchors (2) with sliding darkness are provided on one side in the reinforced profile walls (9) at the connection joint side at the anchor points. Universal integrated frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core filler is a thermally insulating or damping filler. Universal integrated frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front tapered walls of the profiles in the exterior of the connection joint side are provided with flexible, thin-walled, perforated interconnecting elements (12). Universal integrated frame according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting strips of the reinforcing fabric (11a, 11a ') for connection with the reinforcing layer of the facade thermal insulation system are melted into the front tapered walls of the profiles. -8EN 23894 Ul Universal integrated frame according to claim 9, characterized in that a lock-type groove (10) is provided in the front taper of the profile walls for insertion of the connecting PVC profiles (11, 11 ') with integrated strips of reinforcing fabric. Universal integrated frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner part of the lintel profile, the inner part of the sill or sill profile and the inner part of the lining profiles are designed as a unitary separate modular inner structural element (kp) connectable with a compact single modular outer a structural member (kpl) formed from the outer part of the lintel profile, the outer part of the lining profile and the outer part of the sill or sill profile. The universal integrated frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of recyclable materials.