CZ21168U1 - Sterilization steam autoclave - Google Patents

Description

Sterilizing steam autoclave

Technical field

The technical solution concerns the construction of a sterilizing steam autoclave used for decontamination of dangerous infectious wastes from health care.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the Czech Republic, waste disposal (hazardous category), ie waste whose disposal is subject to special requirements with regard to infection prevention, is carried out thermally in incinerators with special technology. This hazardous waste disposal technology is safe, but the incineration costs of the incineration plant are high because there must be a guarantee that the ash from the incineration process process is reliably decontaminated before depositing the ash in the landfill.

The construction and operation of incineration plants for the incineration of infectious waste from health care is a problem for society as a whole, in particular for the population's concern about the health hazard of hazardous waste - infectivity.

The essence of the technical solution

Deficiencies of the mentioned technology, removal of dangerous properties - infectivity of medical wastes is solved by sterilizing steam autoclave, which is a pressure vessel in which the waste is crushed and at a pressure of 300 kPa and 140 ° C heating steam decontaminates it perfectly. .

The sterilized steam autoclave is computer controlled, all operations are carried out automatically without touching the human hand, and subsequently the crushed and decontaminated waste is dried, significantly reducing its weight and volume.

The sterilization steam autoclave consists of a stationary horizontally placed cylindrical double-shell vessel, provided with two square filling openings, one discharge opening at the bottom of the vessel and an internal crushing device.

The cylindrical vessel with a volume of 9.2 m ³ has an inner and an outer jacket. Between the inner and outer shells there is space for hot steam to heat the vessel. The vessel is equipped with an electric motor with gearbox that drives the axial shaft with blades. The vanes are designed to crush and shred waste as they rotate, mix it, and ensure that crushed and decontaminated waste is discharged from the container when the electric motor is back.

In the working space of the container the wall of the inner shell is equipped with cutting elements on which the waste is crushed and cut by the blades. The implemented technical solution of waste crushing and shredding is essential because 90% of the waste is made of textiles which, without shredding and shredding, caused to be wound on a horizontal shaft. To release the horizontal shaft, the autoclave had to be taken out of operation and allowed to cool. Subsequently, operators had to climb into the working area and manually cut the fabric on the shaft in an unpleasant environment.

When the heating steam is introduced into the space between the outer and inner shell of the vessel, the vessel is heated. At the same time, steam is introduced into the inner working space of the vessel, where pressure and temperature increase will occur, which will ensure the process of waste decontamination. Upon completion of the decontamination phase, the valve system will allow the interior working space of the vessel to be decompressed to atmospheric pressure. By continuously heating the space between the inner and outer shell of the vessel, the decontaminated waste in the vessel is dried to the desired humidity. By reversing the electric motor (reversing), in the final phase of the operation, the rotating blades carry dry decontaminated waste from the container out through the discharge opening.

-1GB 21168 Ul

Overview of the drawings

The technical solution will be explained in more detail by means of the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows the device according to the technical solution, ie the sterilization steam autoclave assembly (vessel with two shells, shaft with blades and electric motor, cutting elements, heating steam distribution valves. containers).

Examples of technical solution

The sterilization steam autoclave is a stationary, horizontally placed cylindrical vessel A with an inner shell 1 and an outer shell 2. Thus, between the two shells there is a space 3 for steam for heating the vessel A. In the upper part, the vessel A is provided with in which sealed plastic waste bags are manually placed for crushing and decontamination. In the lower part, the container has a drain hole 5. A horizontal shaft extends in the axis of the container on which the arms 7 with vanes 8 are attached with an angular displacement. The shaft drive is provided by an electric motor 9 with reversible rotation. In decontamination of the waste, the rotating blades 8, using cutting elements 10 located on the inner wall of the inner shell 1 of the working space 14 of the container A, crush and cut the waste.

Upon completion of the decontamination process and the reverse rotation of the electric motor 9, the vanes 8 move the decontaminated waste to the discharge opening 5 and pull it from the working space 14 of the container A onto the conveyor.

The steam source for the sterilizing steam autoclave is a medium pressure steam generator, which is connected to a mo20 bile container boiler room at LTO. Steam is supplied to the sterilizing steam autoclave (vessel A) via line TL. From line JT steam is supplied via line 12 to the space 3 between the inner jacket 1 and the outer jacket 2 for space heating 3, and via line 13 the steam is supplied to the working space 14 of the container A.

The pipes are fitted with valves 15 which allow:

- supplying steam only to the space 3 between the inner jacket 1 and the outer jacket 2 of the vessel A via line J2

- supply of steam only to the working space M of the vessel A via line 13

- supply of steam simultaneously to the space 3 between the inner jacket 1 and the outer jacket 2 via line 12 and into the working space 14 of the vessel A via line 13

- stopping of steam in JT piping into sterilizing steam autoclave (vessel A)

exhaust of steam from the working space 14 of the vessel A through lines 13 and 18.

After completion of the decontamination process, the steam from the working space 14 of vessel A is led via line 13 and line 18 to a condenser 19, which is located below the water level in the condensation well. Furthermore, the decontaminated waste remains in the working space 14 of the container A, in which the pressure is reduced to atmospheric pressure by the vapor discharge. With constant heating of the space 3 between the outer 2 and inner 1 of the container A, the decontaminated waste in the container is dried to the desired humidity.

To minimize the smell of steam from the working space 14 of vessel A, the steam is sprinkled with a water spray at the end of the condenser 19 in the chimney of the condensation well. The excess water is drained from the condensation pit to the wastewater treatment plant at the Dubenec WWTP.

Heating steam from the space 3 between the inner jacket 1 and the outer jacket 2 is discharged through the valve 16 and the pipe 17 to the heat exchanger and from there the condensed water is returned as feed water to the steam generator.

The sterilization memory of the autoclave according to the technical solution for decontamination of medical wastes is used for mass removal of wastes that have a dangerous property - infectivity. The autoclave guarantees the decontamination of waste without impact on the environment and the working environment and removes health care wastes from living microorganisms or their toxins and other infectious agents (viruses, bacteria). Control and supervision of the efficiency of sterilizing steam autoclave is performed by the State Institute of Public Health in Prague.

Claims (2)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS A sterilizing steam autoclave for the decontamination of medical waste, characterized in that it consists of a hermetically sealable cylindrical vessel (A) with an inner jacket (1) and an outer jacket (2), of an electric motor (9) connected to a horizontal shaft (6). ) on which 5 are fixed with an angular displacement of the arm (7) with the blades (8), wherein the rotation of the shaft (6) crushes and mixes the waste and the opposite rotation of the shaft (6) discharges the waste through the discharge opening (5) from the working space (14). a vessel (A), and further comprising a steam supply pipe (11), valves (15) disposed on the pipe (11, 18), and a steam pipe (18) for evacuating the work space (14) of the vessel (A); a conduit (17) for evacuating steam from the space (3) between the inner jacket (1) and the outer jacket (2). Steam sterilization autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the inner shell (1) of the vessel (A) is equipped with cutting elements (10) in the working space (14) of the vessel (A) to prevent the textile waste from getting entangled on the shaft. (6) and for shredding and cutting waste.