CZ2015423A3 - A roof wetland purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] The wetland roof cleaner is concerned with the thermal stabilization of flat roofs by means of a flat roof with a full-length recess forming a reservoir in which wetland plants are placed in the water. The wetland tank can be used for wastewater treatment even in built-up areas where classic root sewage treatment plants cannot be established. The mass of water on the roof solves the problem of overheating objects in the summer months and the associated thermal stability of the building. Rooftop wetland sewage treatment plant (A) located on a building (B), comprising a straight-insulated building roof with raised edges forming a flow-through water tank (N) connected to the inlet of polluted water (1), through the supply line (2) and pump (3) and the septic tank (10), to the source of polluted water (4) from the building (B), and at the outlet via the collecting trough (5) and the descending pipe (6) to the tank of purified water (T), is characterized by the bottom (7) ) of a flow water tank (N) with insulation (I) is covered with a protective geotextile (8) on which the foam glass layer (G) of fraction 5-20 is covered with a separation grid (S) which is covered with a layer of gravel (9) while foam glass (G) are planted with wetland plants (R).

Description

Field of technology

The invention solves the thermal stabilization of flat roofs of buildings by means of a flat roof with a full-area depression forming a reservoir in which wetland plants are placed in the water. The reservoir with wetland plants can be used for wastewater treatment even in built-up areas, where it is not possible to set up conventional root wastewater treatment plants. The mass of water on the roof solves the problem of overheating of buildings in the summer months and the related thermal stability of the building.

State of the art

At present, root wastewater treatment plants are used, which consist of a relief chamber - a septic tank and a system of final foil lakes, which are located in the ground. These lakes are planted with a gravel bed and plants and their roots are used to purify the water. The water purified in this way is then collected in a retention tank and subsequently used, for example, for flushing toilets and as service water. This type of root wastewater treatment plant requires the occupation of relatively large areas around the building whose wastewater is treated. For this reason, these types of root wastewater treatment plants cannot be used in dense buildings and practically do not allow to achieve other effects from the use of this type of treatment plants. Known roof root scrubber solutions consist of a tank located on the roof of a building and, due to their considerable weight of gravel filling, represent an extreme load on the load-bearing structure of the building and are therefore usually smaller in size and do not cover the entire roof.

The essence of the invention

The disadvantages of the existing solutions are eliminated by the originally folded layered filling of the flow-through water tank of the roof wetland cleaner,

This original filling has a significantly lower weight and allows the water tank of the roof wetland cleaner to cover the entire roof of the building.

The roof wetland cleaner according to the invention consists of a flow-through water tank 5 located on the flat roof of the building. This flow-through water reservoir, forming the most important functional element of a wastewater treatment plant, is provided with a layered filling in which wetland plants are planted, the root system of which is the main treatment element. This solution combines the function of wastewater treatment 10 with cooling the roof of a building, especially in the summer months.

Wastewater, which is generated during the use of the building, such as water from toilets, bathrooms, dishwashers and the like, can also be used to cool the roof of the building. This wastewater is led to one place - the source, from which it is drained through a pipe to the septic tank, in which the wastewater is freed of coarse impurities by sedimentation. Subsequently, the wastewater from the septic tank is transported by a pump to a flow-through water tank located on the roof of the building. The roots of wetland plants purify the wastewater, while the upper part of the vegetation forms a screen with its greenery, which prevents the heating of the roof 20 of the building, which is located under the upper root treatment plant. After passing through the upper root treatment plant, the waste water is treated and discharged down the downpipe into a tank with purified water and then used as service water, for example for watering lawns.

The roof wetland treatment plant located on the roof of the building consists of a flowing water tank created by a flat roof of the building with elevated ones. The interior of the resulting flowing water tank is perfectly insulated against water leaks. The flow-through water tank is connected at the inlet to the supply of polluted water, which is transported by a pump through the supply pipe from the source of polluted water to the flow-through water tank. The purified water is discharged from the flow-through water tank through a collecting trough to the downpipe and through it to the tank with purified water. The bottom of the flowing water tank, provided with insulation, is covered with a protective geotextile, which protects the insulation against damage. A layer of foam glass is spread on the geotextile, covered with a separation grid. The roots of wetland plants are planted in the layer of foam glass, which grow through the separation grid and the layer of gravel, which is spread on the separation grid. The water level maintained in the flow-through water tank is at the level of the separation grid.

The use of a layer of relatively light foam glass, as a mass in which wetland plants are planted, is the main reason for reducing the load on the roof of the building on which the roof wetland cleaner is located.

Explanation of drawings

Giant. 1 shows a diagram of the entire roof wetland wastewater treatment plant installed on the roof of a building, FIG. 2 shows a vertical cross-section of a flow-through water tank with a complete functional filling.

Example of an embodiment of the invention

Example (see Fig. 1 and 2)

The example relates to a roof wetland treatment plant B located on building B, which includes a flat insulated roof of a building with raised edges forming a flowing water tank N connected at a dirty water inlet 1, via a supply pipe 2 and a pump 3, to a dirty water source 4 from building B. and at the outlet via a collecting trough 5 and a descending pipe 6 to the purified water tank T, the bottom 7 with the insulation I of the flowing water tank N being covered by a protective geotextile 8, on which the foam glass layer G of fraction 520 rests. the flow-through water tank N is 10 cm high and is covered by a separation grid S, on which a layer of gravel 9 5 cm high is placed.

Wetland plants R are planted with their roots in a layer of foam glass G and their above-root part grows through the separation grid S and the layer of gravel 9. The water level in the flowing water tank N is 10 cm from its bottom 7, in fact at the level of the separation grid S.

The function of the described roof wetland wastewater treatment plant is as follows:

From the source 4 of polluted water, which is located inside the building B, through the supply pipe 2, the polluted water is fed to the septic tank 10, in which it is freed of coarse impurities by sedimentation. From the septic tank 10, the waste water is conveyed by a pump 3, via the supply pipe 2 and the inlet of the polluted water 1 to the flow water tank N of the roof wet scrubber A. Here the polluted water is treated by flowing through the root system of wetland plants R. G in the flow water tank N of the roof wet scrubber A. The water purified by the flow water tank N flows through the collecting trough 5 through the downcomer 6 into the tank with purified water T, from which it can be taken as domestic water.

The green upper part of the wetland plants R in the flow-through water tank N of the roof wetland scrubber A on the one hand shields the incident rays of sunlight and at the same time evaporates water with its surface, which also contributes to cooling the roof of building B.

Industrial applicability

The method and device according to the invention find application in the construction of buildings, such as halls and residential buildings, which protect against overheating in summer and against freezing in winter.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS A roof wetland cleaner (A) located on a building (B), comprising a flat insulated roof of a building with raised edges forming a flow-through water tank (N) connected to a dirty water inlet (1), via a supply pipe (2) and a pump ( 3) and a septic tank (10), to a source of polluted water (4) from the building (B) and at the outlet via a collecting trough (5) and a descending pipe (6) to a tank with purified water (T), characterized in that the bottom (7) the flow-through water tank (N) with insulation (I) is covered with a protective geotextile (8) on which lies a layer of foam glass (G) of fraction 5-20 covered by a separation grid (S) which is covered with a layer of gravel (9). wetland plants (R) are planted in the foam glass layer (G). Roof wet scrubber according to Claim 1, characterized in that the layer of foam glass (G) in the flow-through water tank (N) is 10 cm high. Roof wet scrubber according to Claim 1, characterized in that the layer of gravel (9) resting on the separation grid (S) in the flow-through water tank (N) is 5 cm high. Roof wet scrubber according to claim 1, characterized in that the water level in the flow-through water tank (N) is 10 cm from its bottom (7).