CZ2000767A3 - Structural element - Google Patents

Abstract

The wall construction element is a pair of panels connected to form an inner space. Panels are modified in rows stacked, taking panels in each pair they are connected with adjustable length clamps and simultaneously panels remain a permanent part of the created wall after pouring cement material into their interior and after solidification. Each of the panels (PE, PI) consists of at least two layers (ΙΕ, II) of the material, one of which is a lining Finished walls and slats are made of a solid insulation board material (4).

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a structural element for the construction of external and internal walls. These are multilayer panels for structural elements and the way of building walls. The component according to the invention is suitable, for example, for bearing walls and is formed from dry-assembled parts.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known wall construction processes require a great deal of work, especially in finishing and, on the other hand, prefabricated constructions are of a relatively non-variable nature and require special equipment for their assembly, which is not always available in medium and small buildings.

US 5,323,578 describes prefabricated structural members for the construction of load-bearing walls, which are formed by external and internal panels, connected by foldable connecting elements with adjustable lengths to reduce space during storage and transport of these elements. This modification reduces the volume of the structural elements compared to the elements assembled on site. Panels of this type are not provided with internal and external lining, which has to be applied directly on construction sites.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide improved structural elements and a method of constructing walls in such a way as to save carpentry and labor costs, as well as the cost of finishing the walls. At the same time, the structural element should be variable, as is the case with bricks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a wall element comprising pairs of panels joined together to form an interior space, the pairs of panels being arranged in stacked rows, the panels in each pair being connected by adjustable length clips, while the panels remain a permanent part of the formed wall. pouring the cementitious material into their interior space and after it has solidified, each of the panels comprising at least two layers of material, one of which is a finished wall lining and the other of a sheet of rigid insulating material.

Thus, the structural elements of the invention form the inner and outer surface of the wall and are rigidly connected to the structure of the building, providing safety against seismic phenomena.

In the interior space between the inner and outer panels, the structure can be reinforced with steel bars. In addition, the inner spaces between the inner and outer panels can be divided by ribs or spaced elements to form channels for pouring cementitious material.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 shows a base panel including a pair of terminals connected to the panel.

Fig. 2 shows two terminals for connecting a pair of panels according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the panel and terminal assembly of Fig. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a top view of a pair of base panels connected by clamps to form structural members.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the assembly of Fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the construction of two walls that are at right angles to each other.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the structural elements of the invention are formed by base panels 10 of a plurality of layers. The component comprises pairs of panels 10 spaced at a predetermined distance and connected by clamps 6.

The panels 10 are made in two types, such as external PE panels and internal PI panels. External PE panels are used for the external walls of buildings, with the second panel in pairs being the PI panel. In the case of interior walls, for example, partitions between rooms, the structural element consists of two PI panels which may not have the same structure.

The multilayer panel PE or PI is preferably rectangular in shape and is provided with an outer cladding layer 1E or an inner cladding layer 11 which, after assembling the structural elements, forms the inner and outer cladding of the finished wall. ribs extending as far as the second layer 1E or 11 and 4. The intervening elements 2 are parallel to each other and define the channels 3 for pouring cement.

When assembling the PE or P1 panels into the wall, the channels 3 create long passages which can also be used for ventilation purposes, for routing electrical cables and / or water pipes and the like.

The outer cladding layer 1E forming the outer cladding of the wall may be a stone slab, a tile, a layer formed from a mixture of cement and stones, marble, ceramic material and the like, and may also be a plastic.

The inner lining layer 11 forming the inner lining may be made of plaster, sealant, tiles and other mixtures such as cartongesso.

The insulating material 4 consists of rigid sheets or strips of synthetic material, such as polyurethane or polystyrene, or of a natural material, such as cork, glass wool or composite materials, such as expanded cement, mixtures of cement and granulate

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The panels 10 will be manufactured in a conventional manner, for example, from cementitious compositions such as tiles or ceramic materials, and will be shaped in suitable molds, presses, vibration equipment, and the like.

The panels 10 are provided with notches 5 on their periphery for the notch connection, both in the cladding layers and in the insulating layer. These are slot notches on two adjacent sides and matrix notches on the other two sides. Preferably, these notches 5 are formed by specifically locating the interstices 2.

Holes 7 are formed in the panels 10 along the sides, which will be laid horizontally, preferably longer sides, for the ends of the terminals 6 for

4 and 5. The terminals 6 preferably have a shape similar to a flat H-shaped structure. so that they can be mounted in two pairs of panels 10. In the case of the end panel 10, a C-type terminal is used. According to the non-limiting embodiment shown in the drawing, the terminal 6 is formed by two rods slidably mounted in a socket with a row of holes. wherein the ends of the bars protrude from the sleeve and are provided with elements for connection to the openings 7 in the cladding layers 1E and 11. According to another embodiment, not shown, the clamp 6 may be a tubular element with internal thread and two rods also threaded. in the tubular element.

Terminals 6 fulfill two purposes:

1. placing and joining two panels 10 to form a modular structural member for pouring cementitious material such as concrete; and

2. anchoring the two panels 10 to the support structure upon joining them

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Other specific structural elements may be added to form corners, doors and lintels of doors and windows and the like, all of which will also include an insulating material 4 to prevent the spread of fire.

By building rows from pairs of panels and joining them together with clamps and laying the individual rows on top of each other, as shown in Fig. 6, the entire structure can be formed. The wall formed by pouring concrete or a suitable cementitious material into the space between the insulating material 4 of each pair of panels is already provided with inner, outer or both lining as required and is already thermally insulated and provided with ventilation ducts.

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As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, reinforcing steel bars A can be fastened to the terminals 6, particularly when using concrete. The clamps 6 are embedded in the material to be poured and replace the cross bars, the longitudinal and vertical bars A being connected to the clamps 6.

The thickness 8 of the resulting wall can be easily adjusted by adjusting the length of the clips 6.

According to the invention, it is possible to build load-bearing walls of concrete or reinforced concrete, these walls are already insulated and provided with inner and / or outer lining as well as ventilation ducts.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS A wall construction component comprising pairs of panels bonded to form an interior space, said panel pairs being arranged in stacked rows, wherein the panels in each pair are connected by adjustable length clips and at the same time the panels remain a permanent part of the formed wall after pouring cement material into their inner space and after its solidification, characterized in that each of the panels (PE, Pl) is formed by at least two layers (1E, 11) of material, one of which is a finished wall lining and the other is a board of rigid insulating material (4). 2. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that interspaced elements (2) defining channels (3) are disposed between the two layers (1E, 4; 11, 4). A structural element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is 70 cynrokes (two-dimensional three-dimensional). W ». I lil, W «XX IIX \ / j ^{V k} * '', '' ^{1 1} '-i ¥ IIIC * b j WWI ii IJ. 11/11 are housed in a sleeve provided with a plurality of holes, the ends of the rods protruding from the sleeve provided with means for connection to the layers (1E, 11). The component according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer layers are an outer cladding layer (1E) and an inner cladding layer (11). Component according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that stiffening rods (A) are fastened to the terminals (6) in the interior space. ⁶ A component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the panels (PE, P1) have a rectangular shape. A wall, characterized in that it is made of structural elements according to one of claims 1 to 6. 8. A method of constructing a wall provided with ventilation ducts, characterized in that: - provides structural elements according to any one of claims 2 to 6, - the cement material is poured into the interior space between the layer of insulating material (4) of the pair of opposing panels (PE, P1) and the clamps (6) are inserted, the channels (3) defined between the layers (1E, 4; 11, 4) forming ventilation channels inside the wall after solidification of the cementitious material. A wall according to claim 8, characterized in that it is a bearing wall.