CZ17942U1 - Compositions preventing sintering capacity of loose materials - Google Patents

Description

Anti-caking agents for loose materials

Technical field

The technical solution concerns the treatment of loose materials, especially mineral fertilizers, against caking. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many loose materials in the form of crystals, granules or pellets agglomerate, ie sinter, by themselves or due to external factors (pressure, humidity, etc.), causing considerable problems in their transport, storage, removal and use. This negative property is eliminated by applying a small amount of anti-caking agents (anti-caking agents) to their surface, thereby ensuring long-term flowability of the products.

Anti-caking agents generally comprise two main components: the active agent and the active agent carrier. Compounds such as higher alkylamines (octadecylamine, hexadecylamine, oleylamine, amines prepared from fatty acids or partially hydrogenated fatty acids, animal fats and vegetable oils) or non-ionic and anionic surfactants are used as active substances. Mineral oils, optionally modified by hydrogenation to the required pour point produced from petroleum, a fossil non-renewable raw material and having low biodegradability (less than 40% according to international methodology CEC L-33-A93), are used as active substance carriers. Anti-caking agents generally comprise from 70 to 95% of mineral oil carriers.

Anti-caking agents are produced by mixing said components in a liquid state, to which the solid components are melted prior to mixing. They are usually applied to bulk materials by spraying on their surface by spraying them in a liquid state and then cooling them. As a rule, 0.5 kg to 3.0 kg of anti-caking agent is applied per tonne of bulk material.

The use of these anti-caking agents in a number of cases, such as the treatment of mineral fertilizers, leads to the subsequent introduction of petroleum products into the soil and thus to its contamination.

The essence of the technical solution

These drawbacks, ie the use of carriers based on fossil petroleum products with low biodegradability and consequent environmental contamination in their use, are eliminated by this technical solution, which is based on the use of natural products with high biodegradability as carriers for anti-caking agents ( higher than 95% according to the international methodology CEC L-33-A-93) ie esters of higher fatty acids, made from renewable and environmentally friendly natural raw materials.

As esters of higher fatty acids, it is preferable to use natural triglycerides such as vegetable oils (rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, palm, etc.) or natural fats (beef tallow, lard, palmstearin, etc.).

It is preferred to use partially hydrogenated or over-esterified natural fats and oils with the desired pour point as anti-caking active carriers.

As carriers of anti-caking agents, it is also possible to use esters of lower alcohols having a carbon number of 1 to 4 and higher fatty acids having a carbon number of 10 to 24 contained in natural triglycerides.

It is preferred that the anti-caking composition of bulk materials comprises 50 to 95 wt. % carrier and 5 to 50 wt. anti-caking agents.

-1 CZ 17942 UI

Examples of technical solution

Example 1

In the manufactured, untreated anti-caking agent, granulated fertilizer (ammonium calcium saltpeter) having a water content of 0.15 wt. caking was determined at a standard load of 300 kg per 50 kg package. After 3 months, a sintering value of 19 N was measured, which is the force required to break a defined sample after a 1.6.10 ⁵ Pascal load for 17 hours, expressed in Newton.

Example 2

0.10 wt.% Was sprayed onto the granulated ammonium nitrate saltpeter. a melting anti-caking agent having a pour point of 34 ° C, whose composition was 25 wt. % octadecylamine and 75 wt. beef tallow. The sintering value determined immediately after production was zero N and after three months of storage (under the conditions of Example 1) was

4N.

Example 3

0.13 wt.% Was applied to the granulated ammonium nitrate saltpeter. a melting anti-caking agent having a pour point of 38 ° C, consisting of 15% hydrogenated alkylamine having a carbon number of 16 to 20 and 85 wt. palmstearin. The sintering value immediately after production was 3 N and after storage for three months (under the conditions of Example 1) it was 4 N.

Example 4

For granular fertilizer NPK. 0.20 wt. % of a molten anti-caking agent having a pour point of 30 ° C; % of an amine made from hydrogenated beef tallow acids and 90 wt. partially hydrogenated soybean oil. The sintering value determined immediately after manufacture was 50 N.

Example 5

0.1% w / w was applied to the granulated ammonium nitrate saltpeter. % of a molten anti-caking agent having a pour point of 35 ° C; % of a mixed alkylamine having a carbon number of 16 to 20 and 80 wt. of transesterified rapeseed oil. The sintering value determined immediately after production was 1 N and after storage for 3 months (under the conditions of Example 1) was 2 N.

Example 6

0.13 wt. % of a molten anti-caking agent having a pour point of 40 ° C; % of a mixed alkylamine having a carbon number of 16 to 20 and 70% of a partially hydrogenated rapeseed oil methyl ester. The sinter value35 determined immediately after production was 1 N and after 3 months storage (under the conditions of Example 1) it was 3 N.

Industrial applicability

The technical solution can be used in the production of various loose materials, especially in the production of mineral fertilizers.

Claims (4)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 1. Anti-caking agents for bulk materials, characterized in that they contain, as carrier of active substances, esters of higher fatty acids having a carbon number of 10 to 24 in an amount of 60 to 95% by weight. 5 Anti-caking agents for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain natural vegetable and / or animal oils and fats as esters of higher fatty acids. Anti-caking agents for bulk materials according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they contain, as esters of higher fatty acids, natural vegetable and / or animal oils and fats treated by partial hydrogenation or re-esterification to the necessary pour point. ío Anti-caking agents according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain esters of lower alcohols having a carbon number of 1 to 4 and higher fatty acids having a carbon number of 10 to 24 as esters of higher fatty acids.